CN114243629A - Broadband optical voltage sensor suitable for traveling wave protection and traveling wave protection system - Google Patents
Broadband optical voltage sensor suitable for traveling wave protection and traveling wave protection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114243629A CN114243629A CN202111389381.3A CN202111389381A CN114243629A CN 114243629 A CN114243629 A CN 114243629A CN 202111389381 A CN202111389381 A CN 202111389381A CN 114243629 A CN114243629 A CN 114243629A
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- wave protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband optical voltage sensor suitable for traveling wave protection, which comprises: the invention also discloses a traveling wave protection system, which comprises an optical voltage sensor and a traveling wave protection device, wherein the traveling wave protection device receives the electric signals and realizes the protection function. The invention can realize that the voltage quantity obtained by voltage division of the capacitive voltage divider is output to the photoelectric conversion module through the optical sensing module without distortion, so as to finish undistorted transmission of broadband voltage signals, and the voltage is transmitted to the traveling wave protection device in the form of analog quantity, thereby realizing traveling wave protection based on the voltage signals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of relay protection voltage measurement of a power system, in particular to a capacitance voltage division type broadband optical voltage sensor and a traveling wave protection system suitable for traveling wave protection.
Background
The traveling wave protection is a fault detection theoretical system constructed based on transient traveling wave information after a fault, has the excellent properties of ultrahigh-speed action characteristic, no influence of CT saturation, no reflection of system oscillation, no relation with transition resistance, no influence of line distributed capacitance and the like, and is an ideal protection mode for a high-voltage transmission line.
At present, a capacitive voltage transformer is widely adopted in an electric power system with a voltage level of 220kV or above, the transformer can only effectively transmit power frequency signals, and sudden change high-frequency signals including traveling wave heads have a frequency spectrum of hundreds of kilohertz, so that large frequency attenuation is generated in the transmission process, and a plurality of traveling wave protections adopting a broadband voltage fault traveling wave to form a protection algorithm cannot be put into practical application. The broadband voltage signal can be effectively transmitted, and the development and popularization of traveling wave protection are very important.
The optical voltage sensor is based on the optical Pockels effect, and the magnitude of the high-voltage applied to the primary side is obtained by detecting the phase change caused by light passing through the optical crystal in an electric field. The optical voltage sensor has the advantages of high bandwidth, strong anti-interference capability, photoelectric isolation, small size, light weight and the like. Up to now, optical voltage sensors have been mainly used in optical transformer manufacturing. The optical transformer is mainly applied to measurement and protection of power frequency (50Hz) signals in a digital intelligent substation, only high-voltage signals near 50Hz are focused on in the application, and the broadband advantage of optical measurement is not exerted. Due to the limitation of the measurement principle, the voltage sensor based on the electromagnetic induction principle cannot be applied to high-frequency traveling wave voltage signals due to serious deformation and distortion of the measurement results. The output signal of the single capacitance voltage-division type voltage traveling wave sensor is easily interfered by a complex strong electromagnetic field, and the undistorted sensing and transmission of the traveling wave signal cannot be realized. The optical voltage traveling wave sensor based on the optical Pockels effect has high measurement bandwidth, uses an optical cable to transmit a sensing signal, is not interfered by an electromagnetic field, can realize undistorted transmission of the traveling wave signal, and is an ideal choice for measuring the broadband voltage traveling wave signal. The related reports of the application of the optical voltage sensor to traveling wave protection are not found in the prior art or application.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks, and provides a capacitive voltage division type broadband optical voltage sensor suitable for traveling wave protection, comprising: the invention also discloses a traveling wave protection system, which comprises the broadband optical voltage sensor and the traveling wave protection device, wherein the traveling wave protection device receives the electric signals and realizes the protection function. By the technical scheme, the voltage quantity obtained by voltage division of the capacitive voltage divider can be output to the protection device through the optical sensing module without distortion, the problem that a CVT (voltage transformer) cannot linearly transmit high-frequency signals of 1kHz and above by using the capacitive voltage divider can be solved, the voltage signals of a wide frequency band can be transmitted without distortion, and the voltage is transmitted to the protection device in an analog quantity mode.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a broadband optical voltage sensor suitable for traveling wave protection comprises a capacitive voltage divider, an optical sensing module and a photoelectric conversion module;
the capacitive voltage divider is used for dividing the primary side voltage and comprises a high-voltage capacitor C1 and a medium-voltage capacitor C2;
the optical sensing module is connected in parallel with two ends of the medium-voltage capacitor C2 and comprises a high-voltage electrode, a grounding terminal and an optical sensor; the high-voltage electrode and the grounding terminal are respectively connected with two ends of a medium-voltage capacitor C2, and the optical sensor is used for measuring the electric field change between the high-voltage electrode and the grounding terminal, converting the electric field change into an optical signal and outputting the optical signal to the photoelectric conversion module;
the photoelectric conversion module converts the optical signal input by the optical sensing module into an analog electrical signal, and outputs the analog electrical signal to the traveling wave protection device after boosting the analog electrical signal.
Furthermore, the optical sensing module also comprises a base, wherein the base is made of a metal material;
the base is provided with a groove with an upper end open, the side wall of the base is provided with a blind hole, the optical sensor is arranged in the groove, the grounding terminal is installed in the blind hole, and the high-voltage electrode is installed at an opening at the upper end of the groove.
Furthermore, an insulating sleeve is arranged outside the high-voltage electrode.
Further, the insulating sleeve is integrally cast and molded by a resin material or a silicon rubber material.
Furthermore, the optical sensing module further comprises an optical cable and an optical fiber pigtail, one end of the optical cable is connected with the optical sensor through the optical fiber pigtail, the other end of the optical cable is connected with the photoelectric conversion module, and the optical sensor converts the electric field change into an optical signal and outputs the optical signal to the photoelectric conversion module through the optical cable.
Furthermore, the side wall of the base is provided with a through hole for extending the optical cable.
Further, the photoelectric conversion module comprises a photoelectric converter and a step-up transformer;
the photoelectric converter converts an optical signal input by the optical sensing module into a 3-5V analog electric signal and outputs the analog electric signal to the step-up transformer, and the step-up transformer boosts the analog electric signal into a standard voltage of 100V and outputs the standard voltage to the traveling wave protection device.
Further, the voltage across the medium voltage capacitor C2 of the capacitive voltage divider is 10 kV.
Further, the optical sensor is made of all-optical materials.
A traveling wave protection system comprises the broadband optical voltage sensor and the traveling wave protection device which are suitable for traveling wave protection; the optical voltage sensor is connected with the high-voltage transmission line; and the photoelectric conversion module and the traveling wave protection device in the optical voltage sensor are both arranged in a relay protection chamber.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) in the broadband optical voltage sensor, the structure of an optical sensing module is designed, the voltage on the primary side is converted into the light deflection angle through a capacitive voltage divider and the optical sensing module connected with a medium-voltage capacitor of the capacitive voltage divider in parallel, and the light deflection angle and the voltage are in a linear relation, so that the conversion process of a broadband voltage signal is accurate and undistorted;
(2) in the broadband optical voltage sensor, the optical cable is utilized to realize the transmission of the optical signal of the optical sensing module to the photoelectric conversion module, the attenuation of the optical signal in the transmission process through the optical cable can be ignored, and the photoelectric and electric isolation is realized;
(3) in the broadband optical voltage sensor, the optical sensing module is positioned at the primary side and only consists of the passive optical device, so that a power supply or energy supply is not needed, and the influence of electromagnetic interference on the device is avoided;
(4) in the traveling wave protection system, the optical sensing module outputs optical signals to the relay protection chamber through the optical cable, and compared with the collection process of in-situ digital sampling, the sampling process is not influenced by external electromagnetic interference;
(5) in the broadband optical voltage sensor, the small voltage signal output by the photoelectric converter is boosted and then transmitted to the traveling wave protection device, so that the small signal is prevented from being directly transmitted and suffering electromagnetic interference;
(6) in the broadband optical voltage sensor, through the transmission of the capacitive voltage divider, the optical sensor module and the photoelectric conversion module, the undistorted transmission of broadband voltage signals is realized, and the output voltage is transmitted to the traveling wave protection device in the form of analog quantity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a capacitive voltage division type broadband optical voltage sensor suitable for traveling wave protection according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an optical sensing module according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the photoelectric conversion module and the traveling wave protection device in the relay protection room in the traveling wave protection system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and appreciated from the following detailed description of the invention.
The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention relates to a capacitive voltage division type broadband optical voltage sensor suitable for traveling wave protection, which includes a capacitive voltage divider, an optical sensing module and a photoelectric conversion module. According to the technical scheme of the invention, the broadband high voltage on the high-voltage line side (namely the primary side) is transmitted to the traveling wave protection device through the capacitance voltage-dividing type broadband optical voltage sensor without distortion, so that the problem of narrow transmission frequency band of the CVT is solved, and the broadband voltage signal can be well collected. For traveling wave protection, the device of the invention can obtain the high-frequency traveling wave sudden change wave head generated after the fault, improve the reliability of the traveling wave protection and is beneficial to the popularization and the application of the traveling wave protection.
A capacitive voltage divider, formed by a series of capacitors connected in series, as shown in fig. 1, can divide the primary voltage into lower intermediate voltages, which are determined by various manufacturers, typically 10 kV. The input voltage of the optical sensing module is from the output of the medium-voltage capacitor of the capacitive voltage divider.
The optical sensing module is passive sensing, need not the energy supply, the high voltage electric capacity C1 and the medium voltage electric capacity C2 of optical sensing module, the optical sensing module connects in parallel at capacitive voltage divider's medium voltage electric capacity C2 both ends, the voltage that will once inclines is the deflection angle size of light, the linear relation is formed to the deflection angle of light and the height of voltage, optical signal passes through the optical cable and transmits, realize the photoelectricity simultaneously and keep apart, do not influence CVT's normal operating.
Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the optical sensing module includes a high voltage electrode 1, an insulating sleeve 2, a base 3, a ground terminal 4, an optical cable 5, a fiber pigtail 6 and an optical sensor 7. The high-voltage electrode 1 and the ground electrode are respectively connected to two ends of a medium-voltage capacitor C2 of the capacitive voltage divider, electric field distribution is formed between the high-voltage electrode 1 and the ground terminal 4, the optical sensor 7 measures the electric field, and the change of the electric field is converted into the change of an optical phase; the insulating sleeve 2 is sleeved outside the high-voltage electrode 1 and is integrally molded by casting by a resin material or a silicon rubber material, and the high-voltage electrode is provided for the optical sensor 7 under the condition of ensuring enough external insulation margin; the optical sensor 7 is based on an optical Pockels effect (Pockels electro-optic effect), when polarized light propagates in an electro-optic crystal perpendicular to an electric field direction generated by high voltage, the polarized light generates a phase difference, the phase difference is accurately measured to measure the voltage, the optical sensor 7 is made of all-optical materials, an optical signal of the optical sensor 7 is converged into an optical cable 5 through an optical fiber pigtail 6, and a sensing optical signal is transmitted to a photoelectric conversion module located in a relay protection room through the optical cable 5. The optical sensor 7 is installed in the base 3, the base 3 is made of metal materials, a blind hole is formed in the side face of the base 3 and used for installing the grounding terminal 4, and the grounding terminal 4 is connected with the ground potential of a medium-voltage capacitor C2 in the capacitive voltage divider.
As shown in fig. 1, the optical sensor and the photoelectric conversion module are connected by an optical cable 5, attenuation of an optical signal in a transmission process through the optical cable 5 is negligible, and photoelectric and electrical isolation is realized while the optical signal is transmitted. The photoelectric conversion module converts the optical signal output by the optical sensor 7 into an analog electrical signal, the analog electrical signal is boosted and then adjusted to a range where an ADC chip in the traveling wave differential protection device can directly sample and process the analog electrical signal, and the analog electrical signal is input to the traveling wave protection device, and then the traveling wave protection device performs corresponding processing, such as sampling and other signal processing. Referring to fig. 3, the capacitive voltage division type broadband optical voltage sensor and the traveling wave protection device of the present invention form a traveling wave protection system, and the photoelectric conversion module and the traveling wave protection device are installed in a relay protection room of a substation.
In a preferred embodiment, the input voltage of the optical sensing module is 10kV, the output signal is an optical signal, the optical signal is transmitted to the photoelectric conversion module in the relay protection room through the optical cable 5, and after being converted into a voltage signal of 3-5V, the voltage signal is boosted to a standard voltage of 100V by the step-up transformer and then transmitted to the traveling wave protection device.
In a preferred embodiment, the voltage provided by the photoelectric conversion module to the traveling wave protection device is 100V.
The invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A broadband optical voltage sensor suitable for traveling wave protection is characterized by comprising a capacitive voltage divider, an optical sensing module and a photoelectric conversion module;
the capacitive voltage divider is used for dividing the primary side voltage and comprises a high-voltage capacitor C1 and a medium-voltage capacitor C2;
the optical sensing module is connected in parallel with two ends of the medium-voltage capacitor C2 and comprises a high-voltage electrode (1), a grounding terminal (4) and an optical sensor (7); the high-voltage electrode (1) and the grounding terminal (4) are respectively connected with two ends of a medium-voltage capacitor C2, and the optical sensor (7) is used for measuring the electric field change between the high-voltage electrode (1) and the grounding terminal (4), converting the electric field change into an optical signal and outputting the optical signal to the photoelectric conversion module;
the photoelectric conversion module converts the optical signal input by the optical sensing module into an analog electrical signal, and outputs the analog electrical signal to the traveling wave protection device after boosting the analog electrical signal.
2. The broadband optical voltage sensor suitable for traveling wave protection according to claim 1, wherein the optical sensing module further comprises a base (3), the base (3) is made of a metal material;
the base (3) is provided with a groove with an upper end open, the side wall of the base is provided with a blind hole, the optical sensor (7) is arranged in the groove, the grounding terminal (4) is installed in the blind hole, and the high-voltage electrode (1) is installed at an opening at the upper end of the groove.
3. A broadband optical voltage sensor suitable for traveling wave protection according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the high voltage electrode (1) is externally provided with an insulating sleeve (2).
4. The broadband optical voltage sensor suitable for traveling wave protection according to claim 3, wherein the insulating sleeve (2) is integrally cast from a resin material or a silicone rubber material.
5. The broadband optical voltage sensor suitable for traveling wave protection according to claim 1, wherein the optical sensing module further comprises an optical cable (5) and an optical fiber pigtail (6), one end of the optical cable (5) is connected to the optical sensor (7) through the optical fiber pigtail (6), and the other end is connected to the photoelectric conversion module, and the optical sensor (7) converts the electric field change into an optical signal and outputs the optical signal to the photoelectric conversion module through the optical cable (5).
6. A broadband optical voltage sensor suitable for traveling wave protection according to claim 5, characterized in that the side wall of the base (3) is provided with a through hole for the optical cable (5) to extend out.
7. The broadband optical voltage sensor suitable for traveling wave protection according to claim 1, wherein the photoelectric conversion module comprises a photoelectric converter and a step-up transformer;
the photoelectric converter converts an optical signal input by the optical sensing module into a 3-5V analog electric signal and outputs the analog electric signal to the step-up transformer, and the step-up transformer boosts the analog electric signal into a standard voltage of 100V and outputs the standard voltage to the traveling wave protection device.
8. The broadband optical voltage sensor for traveling wave protection according to claim 1, wherein the voltage across the medium voltage capacitor C2 of the capacitive voltage divider is 10 kV.
9. A broadband optical voltage sensor suitable for traveling wave protection according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical sensor (7) is made of all-optical material.
10. A traveling wave protection system comprising a broadband optical voltage sensor and a traveling wave protection device suitable for traveling wave protection according to any one of claims 1 to 9;
the optical voltage sensor is connected with the high-voltage transmission line; and the photoelectric conversion module and the traveling wave protection device in the optical voltage sensor are both arranged in a relay protection chamber.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111389381.3A CN114243629A (en) | 2021-11-22 | 2021-11-22 | Broadband optical voltage sensor suitable for traveling wave protection and traveling wave protection system |
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| CN202111389381.3A CN114243629A (en) | 2021-11-22 | 2021-11-22 | Broadband optical voltage sensor suitable for traveling wave protection and traveling wave protection system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115389805A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-11-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Series-parallel CVT (continuously variable transmission) broadband measurement system based on optical voltage sensor |
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| CN102445581A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2012-05-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Capacitive voltage-division type self-calibration optical voltage transducer |
| US20130076338A1 (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2013-03-28 | Beijing Aerospace Times Optical-Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. | Electro-optic effect based optical voltage transformer |
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2021
- 2021-11-22 CN CN202111389381.3A patent/CN114243629A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
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| US20130076338A1 (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2013-03-28 | Beijing Aerospace Times Optical-Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. | Electro-optic effect based optical voltage transformer |
| CN102445581A (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2012-05-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Capacitive voltage-division type self-calibration optical voltage transducer |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115389805A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-11-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Series-parallel CVT (continuously variable transmission) broadband measurement system based on optical voltage sensor |
| WO2024046440A1 (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2024-03-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Series-parallel cvt wideband measurement system based on optical voltage sensor |
| CN115389805B (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2024-03-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Series-parallel CVT broadband measurement system based on optical voltage sensor |
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