CN114243147B - Lithium battery recycling device and lithium battery recycling method - Google Patents
Lithium battery recycling device and lithium battery recycling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114243147B CN114243147B CN202111564171.3A CN202111564171A CN114243147B CN 114243147 B CN114243147 B CN 114243147B CN 202111564171 A CN202111564171 A CN 202111564171A CN 114243147 B CN114243147 B CN 114243147B
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum copper Chemical compound [Al].[Cu] WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/52—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste cells or batteries, e.g. recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of battery recovery, in particular to a lithium battery recovery device and a lithium battery recovery method. The lithium battery recycling device comprises a negative electrode baking box, a positive electrode baking box, a negative electrode separating component and a positive electrode separating component, wherein the negative electrode baking box and the positive electrode baking box are independently arranged, a negative electrode constant temperature cavity is arranged in the negative electrode baking box, a positive electrode constant temperature cavity is arranged in the positive electrode baking box, the negative electrode separating component can drive a negative electrode plate on a positive electrode roll to move in the negative electrode constant temperature cavity so as to enable the negative electrode baking box to collect electrolyte and black powder on the negative electrode plate, and the positive electrode separating component can drive a positive electrode plate and a diaphragm on the positive electrode roll to move in the positive electrode constant temperature cavity so as to enable the positive electrode baking box to collect the electrolyte and the black powder on the positive electrode plate. The lithium battery recycling method is used for recycling the lithium battery by using the lithium battery recycling device, the pole coil is not required to be broken, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the recycling rate of noble metals in the lithium battery is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery recovery, in particular to a lithium battery recovery device and a lithium battery recovery method.
Background
In the recycling process of the waste lithium ion battery pack, the labor participation is high due to the diversity of the recycled lithium battery structure and the external dimension. There are two conventional treatments: the electrode coil is taken out from the battery cell shell, and the anode and cathode electrode plates are separated by manual disassembly and then crushed and separated to obtain black powder, but the mode ensures that electrolyte on the anode and cathode electrode plates is easy to volatilize into the air, and harm is caused to human bodies and the environment; the other mode is to directly crush and sort the pole rolls to obtain the black powder, but the black powder obtained by the mode has high impurity content, increases the impurity removal cost of subsequent hydrometallurgy and is not friendly to the environment.
Therefore, there is a need to invent a lithium battery recycling device and a lithium battery recycling method to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lithium battery recovery device, which is used for reducing harm to human bodies and environment, ensuring that the collected black powder is free of aluminum copper and other impurities, reducing impurity removal cost and improving recovery rate of noble metals.
The invention further aims to provide a lithium battery recovery method, so that harm to human bodies and environment is reduced, impurities such as aluminum copper and the like are not contained in the collected black powder, impurity removal cost is reduced, and recovery rate of noble metals is improved.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The lithium battery recycling device comprises two independent negative electrode baking boxes and a positive electrode baking box, wherein a negative electrode constant temperature cavity is arranged in each negative electrode baking box, and a positive electrode constant temperature cavity is arranged in each positive electrode baking box;
The lithium battery recycling device further includes:
the negative electrode separation assembly can drive a negative electrode plate on the electrode roll to move in the negative electrode constant temperature cavity, so that the negative electrode baking oven collects electrolyte and black powder on the negative electrode plate; and
The positive electrode separation assembly can drive the positive electrode plate and the diaphragm on the electrode roll to move in the positive electrode constant temperature cavity, so that the positive electrode baking oven collects electrolyte and black powder on the positive electrode plate.
As a preferable scheme, the anode constant temperature cavity comprises an anode front section low temperature region, an anode middle section high temperature region and an anode tail section low temperature region which are sequentially arranged;
The negative electrode separation assembly comprises a negative electrode guide roller and a negative electrode moving roller which are arranged side by side, wherein the negative electrode guide roller is pivoted on the inner wall of the negative electrode constant temperature cavity and is positioned in a negative electrode front section low temperature area, the negative electrode pole piece is wound on the negative electrode guide roller and is fixed on the negative electrode moving roller, and the negative electrode moving roller can drive the negative electrode pole piece to sequentially pass through the negative electrode front section low temperature area, the negative electrode middle section high temperature area and the negative electrode tail section low temperature area.
As a preferable scheme, the inside of the negative electrode baking oven is also provided with a first collecting piece, a second collecting piece and a third collecting piece;
the first collecting piece is positioned at the bottom of the low-temperature zone of the front section of the negative electrode and is configured to collect liquid electrolyte on the negative electrode piece; the second collecting piece is positioned at the top of the high-temperature area of the middle section of the negative electrode and is configured to collect the electrolyte vaporized on the negative electrode piece; the third collecting piece is positioned at the bottom of the high-temperature area of the middle section of the negative electrode and is configured to collect the black powder falling on the negative electrode piece.
Preferably, a first purging member is arranged in the high-temperature region of the middle section of the negative electrode and configured to blow off the black powder on the negative electrode piece.
As a preferable scheme, the temperature of the low-temperature area of the front section of the negative electrode is 25-35 ℃; the temperature of the high-temperature area of the middle section of the negative electrode is 120-160 ℃; the temperature of the low-temperature area of the end section of the negative electrode is 25-35 ℃.
As a preferable scheme, the positive electrode constant temperature cavity comprises a positive electrode front section low temperature region, a positive electrode middle section high Wen Ouyi and a positive electrode end section low temperature region which are sequentially arranged;
The positive pole separation assembly comprises a positive pole guide roller and a positive pole moving roller which are arranged side by side, wherein the positive pole guide roller is pivoted on the inner wall of the positive pole constant temperature cavity and is positioned in a positive pole front section low temperature area, the positive pole piece and the diaphragm are wound on the positive pole guide roller and fixed on the positive pole moving roller, and the positive pole moving roller can drive the positive pole piece and the diaphragm to sequentially pass through the positive pole front section low temperature area, the positive pole middle section high temperature area and the positive pole end section low temperature area.
As a preferable scheme, a fourth collecting piece, a fifth collecting piece and a sixth collecting piece are further arranged in the positive electrode baking oven;
the fourth collecting piece is positioned at the bottom of the low-temperature zone of the front section of the positive electrode and is configured to collect liquid electrolyte on the positive electrode piece; the fifth collecting piece is positioned at the top of the high-temperature area of the middle section of the positive electrode and is configured to collect the electrolyte vaporized on the positive electrode piece; the sixth collecting piece is located at the bottom of the high-temperature area of the middle section of the positive electrode and is configured to collect the black powder falling on the positive electrode piece.
Preferably, a second purging member is arranged in the high-temperature region of the middle section of the positive electrode and configured to blow off the black powder on the positive electrode piece.
As a preferable scheme, the temperature of the low-temperature area of the front section of the positive electrode is 25-35 ℃; the temperature of the high-temperature area of the middle section of the positive electrode is 400-450 ℃; the temperature of the low-temperature area of the end section of the positive electrode is 25-35 ℃.
The lithium battery recycling method adopts the lithium battery recycling device to recycle the lithium battery, and comprises the following steps:
Fixing the electrode roll between the negative electrode baking oven and the positive electrode baking oven, fixing the negative electrode plate on the negative electrode separation assembly, and fixing the positive electrode plate and the diaphragm on the positive electrode separation assembly;
The negative electrode separation assembly drives the negative electrode plate to move in the negative electrode constant temperature cavity, and the positive electrode separation assembly drives the positive electrode plate and the diaphragm to move in the positive electrode constant temperature cavity;
After the negative electrode baking box collects the electrolyte and the black powder on the negative electrode plate, the negative electrode separation assembly starts to wind the negative electrode plate at the end section of the negative electrode constant temperature cavity; after the positive electrode baking box collects the electrolyte and the black powder on the positive electrode plate, the positive electrode separating assembly starts to wind the positive electrode plate at the tail section of the positive electrode constant temperature cavity.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The invention provides a lithium battery recovery device which comprises a negative electrode baking oven, a positive electrode baking oven, a negative electrode separation assembly and a positive electrode separation assembly, wherein the negative electrode baking oven and the positive electrode baking oven are independently arranged, a negative electrode constant temperature cavity is arranged in the negative electrode baking oven, a positive electrode constant temperature cavity is arranged in the positive electrode baking oven, the negative electrode separation assembly can drive a negative electrode plate on a positive electrode roll to move in the negative electrode constant temperature cavity so as to enable the negative electrode baking oven to collect electrolyte and black powder on the negative electrode plate, the positive electrode separation assembly can drive a positive electrode plate and a diaphragm on the positive electrode roll to move in the positive electrode constant temperature cavity, the positive electrode plate and the black powder on the positive electrode plate can be collected by the positive electrode baking oven, and the negative electrode separation assembly and the positive electrode separation assembly can realize the separation of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate with the diaphragm on the positive electrode roll, so that the electrolyte on the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate is prevented from volatilizing into air to cause harm to human bodies and environment, and environmental pollution is reduced. In addition, this mode need not to carry out the damage with utmost point book or positive and negative pole piece, just can eliminate the binder through heating in the oven to the black powder on the positive and negative pole piece drops, makes no impurity such as aluminum copper in the black powder, has shortened follow-up hydrometallurgy's edulcoration step, has reduced edulcoration cost, has promoted the rate of recovery of noble metal simultaneously.
The invention also provides a lithium battery recycling method, which can realize the separation of the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece with the diaphragm on the pole roll by recycling the lithium battery by using the lithium battery recycling device, thereby avoiding the harm to human bodies and the environment caused by the volatilization of electrolyte on the negative pole piece and the positive pole piece into the air and reducing the environmental pollution. In addition, this mode need not to carry out the damage with utmost point book or positive and negative pole piece, just can eliminate the binder through heating in the oven to the black powder on the positive and negative pole piece drops, makes no impurity such as aluminum copper in the black powder, has shortened follow-up hydrometallurgy's edulcoration step, has reduced edulcoration cost, has promoted the rate of recovery of noble metal simultaneously.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lithium battery recovery device for pole piece separation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lithium battery recycling device for pole piece baking according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a lithium battery recycling device for pole piece winding according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure:
100. A lithium battery recovery device; 200. a pole roll; 201. a negative electrode plate; 202. a positive electrode sheet;
1. A negative electrode baking oven; 11. a negative constant temperature cavity; 111. a low-temperature zone at the front section of the negative electrode; 112. a negative electrode middle section high temperature region; 113. a cathode end section low temperature region; 12. a first collection member; 13. a second collection member; 14. a third collection member;
2. A positive electrode baking oven; 21. a positive electrode constant temperature cavity; 211. a low-temperature zone at the front section of the positive electrode; 212. a positive electrode middle section high temperature region; 213. a low-temperature region of the end section of the positive electrode; 22. a fourth collection member; 23. a fifth collection member; 24. a sixth collection member;
3. a negative electrode separation assembly; 31. a negative electrode guide roller; 32. a negative electrode moving roller;
4. a positive electrode separator assembly; 41. a positive electrode guide roller; 42. the positive electrode moves the roller.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical scheme adopted and the technical effects achieved by the invention more clear, the technical scheme of the invention is further described below by a specific embodiment in combination with the attached drawings.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are orientation or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for distinguishing between them.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a lithium battery recycling device 100, which is mainly used for collecting electrolyte and black powder on a positive pole piece 202 and a negative pole piece 201, avoiding that the electrolyte on the negative pole piece 201 and the positive pole piece 202 volatilizes into the air to cause harm to human body and environment, and reducing environmental pollution. And the collected black powder is free of aluminum, copper and other impurities, so that the subsequent impurity removal step of hydrometallurgy is shortened, the impurity removal cost is reduced, and the recovery rate of noble metals is improved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1-3, the lithium battery recycling device 100 provided in this embodiment includes a negative electrode baking oven 1, a positive electrode baking oven 2, a negative electrode separating component 3 and a positive electrode separating component 4, where the negative electrode baking oven 1 and the positive electrode baking oven 2 are independently disposed, a negative electrode constant temperature cavity 11 is disposed inside the negative electrode baking oven 1, a positive electrode constant temperature cavity 21 is disposed inside the positive electrode baking oven 2, a positive electrode roll 200 is fixed between the negative electrode baking oven 1 and the positive electrode baking oven 2 through a winding needle, the negative electrode separating component 3 can drive a negative electrode plate 201 on the positive electrode roll 200 to move in the negative electrode constant temperature cavity 11, so that the negative electrode baking oven 1 collects electrolyte and black powder on the negative electrode plate 201, and the positive electrode separating component 4 can drive a positive electrode plate 202 and a diaphragm (not shown in the drawing) on the positive electrode roll 200 to move in the positive electrode constant temperature cavity 21, so that the electrolyte and the black powder on the positive electrode plate 202 are collected by the positive electrode baking oven 2, and the negative electrode plate 201 and the negative electrode separating component 4 can be separated from the positive electrode plate 202 and the negative electrode plate 201 by setting the negative electrode separating component 3 and the positive electrode separating component 4, thereby avoiding the environmental pollution caused by the negative electrode plate 201 and the negative electrode plate 201. In addition, this mode need not to carry out the damage with utmost point book 200 or positive and negative pole piece, just can eliminate the binder through heating in the oven to the black powder on the positive and negative pole piece drops, makes no impurity such as aluminum copper in the black powder, has shortened follow-up hydrometallurgy's edulcoration step, has reduced edulcoration cost, has promoted the rate of recovery of noble metal simultaneously. It should be noted that, due to the battery design, the opposite side of the diaphragm to the positive electrode plate 202 is coated with the adhesive with higher viscosity, and the diaphragm is directly separated from the positive electrode plate 202 to easily break the positive electrode plate 202, so the positive electrode separation assembly 4 drives the positive electrode plate 202 on the electrode roll 200 to move in the positive electrode constant temperature cavity 21 together with the diaphragm, so that the breakage rate of the positive electrode plate 202 and the negative electrode plate 201 in the separation process can be reduced.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a specific structure of the negative constant temperature cavity 11 and the negative separation assembly 3 is described, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the negative constant temperature cavity 11 includes a negative front section low temperature region 111, a negative middle section high temperature region 112 and a negative end section low temperature region 113 which are sequentially arranged, the negative separation assembly 3 includes a negative guide roller 31 and a negative moving roller 32 which are arranged side by side, wherein the negative guide roller 31 is pivoted on an inner wall of the negative constant temperature cavity 11 and is located in the negative front section low temperature region 111, the negative electrode pole piece 201 is wound on the negative guide roller 31 and is fixed on the negative moving roller 32, and the negative moving roller 32 can drive the negative electrode piece 201 to sequentially pass through the negative front section low temperature region 111, the negative middle section high temperature region 112 and the negative end section low temperature region 113. Through designing negative pole constant temperature cavity 11 into syllogic, because the temperature is lower in negative pole anterior segment low temperature zone 111, be convenient for the operating personnel to wind negative pole piece 201 on negative pole guide roll 31 and fix on negative pole movable roll 32, when negative pole movable roll 32 drove negative pole piece 201 and remove negative pole middle section high temperature zone 112, because the temperature of this section is higher, can decompose the aqueous binder on the negative pole piece 201, make it inefficacy to make the black powder that adheres to on negative pole piece 201 drop, when negative pole movable roll 32 drove negative pole piece 201 to negative pole terminal low temperature zone 113, because this section temperature is lower, the temperature of negative pole piece 201 drops, then negative pole movable roll 32 rolls up negative pole piece 201 again. Specifically, the negative electrode moving roller 32 can be driven by a driving motor, so that the negative electrode moving roller 32 can move in the negative electrode constant temperature cavity 11 in a direction away from the negative electrode guide roller 31, and a rotating motor is further arranged on a bracket of the negative electrode moving roller 32, and can drive the negative electrode moving roller 32 to rotate, so that winding of the negative electrode pole piece 201 is realized. It should be noted that, the negative electrode constant temperature cavity 11 is provided with a negative electrode feeding hole and a negative electrode discharging hole, the negative electrode feeding hole is located in the negative electrode front section low temperature region 111, the negative electrode discharging hole is located in the negative electrode end section low temperature region 113, the negative electrode plate 201 can pass through the negative electrode feeding hole, wind on the negative electrode guide roller 31 and be fixed on the negative electrode moving roller 32, and the negative electrode moving roller 32 can drive the negative electrode plate 201 to move until passing through the negative electrode discharging hole and moving out of the negative electrode constant temperature cavity 11. Further, by providing the negative electrode guide roller 31, a guide effect can be provided for the direction in which the negative electrode tab 201 is separated and moved on the electrode roll 200.
In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a first collecting member 12, a second collecting member 13 and a third collecting member 14 are further disposed in the negative electrode baking oven 1, where the first collecting member 12 is located at the bottom of the negative electrode front section low temperature region 111, and when the negative electrode moving roller 32 drives the negative electrode tab 201 to start moving in the negative electrode constant temperature cavity 11, the first collecting member 12 is used for collecting the liquid electrolyte dropped on the negative electrode tab 201. The second collecting piece 13 is located at the top of the negative electrode middle section high temperature region 112, when the negative electrode moving roller 32 drives the negative electrode piece 201 to move to the negative electrode middle section high temperature region 112, a small amount of electrolyte remained on the negative electrode piece 201 is vaporized in a high temperature state, and the second collecting piece 13 is used for collecting the vaporized electrolyte on the negative electrode piece 201. The third collecting piece 14 is located at the bottom of the negative electrode middle section high temperature region 112, when the negative electrode moving roller 32 drives the negative electrode piece 201 to move to the negative electrode middle section high temperature region 112, the aqueous binder on the negative electrode piece 201 starts to decompose in a high temperature state, so that the black powder adhered on the negative electrode piece 201 falls off, and the third collecting piece 14 is used for collecting the black powder falling off on the negative electrode piece 201. Specifically, the first collecting member 12, the second collecting member 13, and the third collecting member 14 may be collecting boxes, and a condensing agent may be provided inside the second collecting member 13 to condense the collected vaporized electrolyte into a liquid.
In order to ensure that the black powder on the negative electrode plate 201 falls to a cleaner place, a first purging member is arranged in the negative electrode middle section high temperature region 112 and is used for purging the black powder on the negative electrode plate 201. Specifically, the first purge member may be a blowing member that blows off the black powder by blowing force, and may be provided as a brush that sweeps off the black powder on the negative electrode tab 201 when the negative electrode tab 201 passes.
In this embodiment, the temperature of the low temperature region 111 of the anode front section is 25 ℃ to 35 ℃, and the temperature setting can not only achieve preheating of the anode piece 201, but also facilitate the winding of the anode piece 201 on the anode guide roller 31 through the anode feed inlet by an operator and fix the anode piece on the anode moving roller 32, so that scalding cannot be caused to the operator. The temperature of the high-temperature area 112 in the middle section of the negative electrode is 120-160 ℃, and the temperature can ensure that the aqueous binder on the negative electrode plate 201 is decomposed, so that black powder can fall off on the negative electrode plate 201 conveniently. The temperature of the negative electrode end low temperature region 113 is 25-35 ℃, and the temperature setting can gradually reduce the temperature of the negative electrode plate 201, so that the negative electrode moving roller 32 is convenient for winding the processed negative electrode plate 201.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, specific structures of the positive constant temperature cavity 21 and the positive separation assembly 4 are described, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the positive constant temperature cavity 21 includes a positive front section low temperature region 211, a positive middle section high temperature region 212 and a positive end section low temperature region 213 which are sequentially arranged, the positive separation assembly 4 includes a positive guide roller 41 and a positive moving roller 42 which are arranged side by side, the positive guide roller 41 is pivoted on an inner wall of the positive constant temperature cavity 21 and is located in the positive front section low temperature region 211, the positive pole piece 202 is wound on the positive guide roller 41 and is fixed on the positive moving roller 42, and the positive moving roller 42 can drive the positive pole piece 202 to sequentially pass through the positive front section low temperature region 211, the positive middle section high temperature region 212 and the positive end section low temperature region 213. Through designing positive pole constant temperature cavity 21 into three-section type, be convenient for the operating personnel to wind positive pole piece 202 and diaphragm together on positive pole guide roll 41 and fix on positive pole movable roll 42 at positive pole anterior segment low temperature region 211 because the temperature is lower, when positive pole movable roll 42 drove positive pole piece 202 to positive pole middle section high temperature region 212, diaphragm heat shrinkage drops from positive pole piece 202 because the temperature of this section is higher, and can also decompose the binder on positive pole piece 202, make it inefficacy, thereby make the black powder that adheres to on positive pole piece 202 drop, when positive pole movable roll 42 drove positive pole piece 202 to positive pole terminal low temperature region 213, because this section temperature is lower, then positive pole movable roll 42 rolls up positive pole piece 202 again. Specifically, the positive electrode moving roller 42 may be driven by a driving motor, so that the positive electrode moving roller 42 may move in the positive electrode constant temperature cavity 21 in a direction away from the positive electrode guide roller 41, and a rotating motor is further provided on the support of the positive electrode moving roller 42, and the rotating motor may drive the positive electrode moving roller 42 to rotate, so as to wind up the positive electrode tab 202. It should be noted that, the positive electrode constant temperature cavity 21 is provided with a positive electrode feeding hole and a positive electrode discharging hole, the positive electrode feeding hole is located in the positive electrode front section low temperature region 211, the positive electrode discharging hole is located in the positive electrode end section low temperature region 213, the positive electrode plate 202 and the diaphragm can pass through the positive electrode feeding hole, wind on the positive electrode guide roller 41 and be fixed on the positive electrode moving roller 42, and the positive electrode moving roller 42 can drive the positive electrode plate 202 to move until passing through the positive electrode discharging hole and moving out of the positive electrode constant temperature cavity 21. Further, by providing the positive electrode guide roller 41, a guide effect can be provided for the direction in which the positive electrode tab 202 and the separator move apart on the electrode roll 200.
In addition, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a fourth collecting member 22, a fifth collecting member 23 and a sixth collecting member 24 are further disposed in the positive electrode baking oven 2, wherein the fourth collecting member 22 is located at the bottom of the low-temperature zone 211 of the front section of the positive electrode, and when the positive electrode moving roller 42 drives the positive electrode sheet 202 and the diaphragm to start moving in the positive electrode constant-temperature cavity 21, the fourth collecting member 22 is used for collecting the liquid electrolyte dropped on the positive electrode sheet 202. The fifth collecting element 23 is located at the top of the high temperature area 212 in the middle of the positive electrode, when the positive electrode moving roller 42 drives the positive electrode plate 202 and the diaphragm to move to the high temperature area 212 in the middle of the positive electrode, the diaphragm is heated to shrink, a small amount of electrolyte left on the positive electrode plate 202 is vaporized in a high temperature state, and the fifth collecting element 23 is used for collecting the vaporized electrolyte on the positive electrode plate 202. The sixth collecting piece 24 is located at the bottom of the high temperature area 212 in the middle of the positive electrode, when the positive electrode moving roller 42 drives the positive electrode plate 202 and the diaphragm to move to the high temperature area 212 in the middle of the positive electrode, the diaphragm is heated to shrink, and the binder on the positive electrode plate 202 starts to decompose in a high temperature state, so that the black powder adhered to the positive electrode plate 202 falls off, and the sixth collecting piece 24 is used for collecting the black powder falling off on the positive electrode plate 202. Specifically, the fourth collecting member 22, the fifth collecting member 23, and the sixth collecting member 24 may be collecting boxes, and a condensing agent may be provided inside the fifth collecting member 23 to condense the collected vaporized electrolyte into a liquid.
In order to ensure that the black powder on the positive electrode plate 202 falls to be cleaner, a second purging member is arranged in the high-temperature area 212 of the middle section of the positive electrode and is used for purging the black powder on the positive electrode plate 202. Specifically, the second blowing member may be a blowing member that blows off the black powder by blowing force, and the second blowing member may be provided as a brush that sweeps off the black powder on the positive electrode sheet 202 when the positive electrode sheet 202 passes.
In this embodiment, the temperature of the low temperature region 211 at the front section of the positive electrode is 25-35 ℃, and the temperature setting can not only realize the preheating of the positive electrode plate 202 and the diaphragm, but also facilitate the operators to wind the positive electrode plate 202 and the diaphragm on the positive electrode guide roller 41 through the positive electrode feed port and fix the positive electrode plate 202 and the diaphragm on the positive electrode moving roller 42, so that the operators are not scalded. The temperature of the high temperature area 212 in the middle section of the positive electrode is 400-450 ℃, and the temperature can ensure that the adhesive of the positive electrode plate 202 is decomposed, and the diaphragm can be contracted and separated from the positive electrode plate 202, so that the black powder can fall on the positive electrode plate 202 conveniently. The temperature of the low temperature area 213 at the end of the positive electrode is 25-35 ℃, and the temperature can gradually reduce the temperature of the positive electrode plate 202, so that the positive electrode moving roller 42 is convenient for winding the processed positive electrode plate 202.
The embodiment also provides a lithium battery recycling method, which adopts the lithium battery recycling device 100 to recycle the lithium battery, and comprises the following steps:
Fixing the electrode coil 200 between the negative electrode baking oven 1 and the positive electrode baking oven 2, fixing the negative electrode pole piece 201 on the negative electrode separating assembly 3, and fixing the positive electrode pole piece 202 and the diaphragm on the positive electrode separating assembly 4;
The negative electrode separation assembly 3 drives the negative electrode plate 201 to move in the negative electrode constant temperature cavity 11, and the positive electrode separation assembly 4 drives the positive electrode plate 202 and the diaphragm to move in the positive electrode constant temperature cavity 21;
After the negative electrode baking oven 1 collects the electrolyte and the black powder on the negative electrode plate 201, the negative electrode separation assembly 3 starts to wind the negative electrode plate 201 at the end section of the negative electrode constant temperature cavity 11; after the positive electrode baking oven 2 collects the electrolyte and the black powder on the positive electrode plate 202, the positive electrode separating assembly 4 starts to wind the positive electrode plate 202 at the end section of the positive electrode constant temperature cavity 21.
The method can realize the separation of the positive electrode plate 202 and the negative electrode plate 201 with the diaphragm on the electrode roll 200, avoid the harm to human bodies and the environment caused by the volatilization of electrolyte on the negative electrode plate 201 and the positive electrode plate 202 into the air, and reduce the environmental pollution. In addition, this mode need not to carry out the damage with utmost point book 200 or positive and negative pole piece, just can eliminate the binder through heating in the oven to the black powder on the positive and negative pole piece drops, makes no impurity such as aluminum copper in the black powder, has shortened follow-up hydrometallurgy's edulcoration step, has reduced edulcoration cost, has promoted the rate of recovery of noble metal simultaneously.
It is to be understood that the above examples of the present invention are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.
Claims (9)
1. The lithium battery recycling device is characterized by comprising two independent negative electrode baking boxes (1) and a positive electrode baking box (2), wherein a negative electrode constant temperature cavity (11) is arranged in each negative electrode baking box (1), and a positive electrode constant temperature cavity (21) is arranged in each positive electrode baking box (2);
The negative electrode constant temperature cavity (11) comprises a negative electrode front section low temperature region (111), a negative electrode middle section high temperature region (112) and a negative electrode end section low temperature region (113) which are sequentially arranged;
The lithium battery recycling device further includes:
the negative electrode separation assembly (3), the negative electrode separation assembly (3) can drive a negative electrode plate (201) on a pole roll (200) to move in the negative electrode constant temperature cavity (11), so that the negative electrode baking oven (1) can collect electrolyte and black powder on the negative electrode plate (201);
The negative electrode separation assembly (3) comprises a negative electrode guide roller (31) and a negative electrode moving roller (32) which are arranged side by side, the negative electrode guide roller (31) is pivoted on the inner wall of the negative electrode constant temperature cavity (11) and positioned in a negative electrode front section low temperature area (111), the negative electrode pole piece (201) is wound on the negative electrode guide roller (31) and fixed on the negative electrode moving roller (32), and the negative electrode moving roller (32) can drive the negative electrode pole piece (201) to sequentially pass through the negative electrode front section low temperature area (111), the negative electrode middle section high temperature area (112) and the negative electrode end section low temperature area (113); and
The positive electrode separation assembly (4), positive electrode separation assembly (4) can drive positive electrode piece (202) and diaphragm on the pole roll (200) and move in positive electrode constant temperature cavity (21), so that positive electrode baking oven (2) collects electrolyte and black powder on positive electrode piece (202), and can reduce the breakage rate of positive electrode piece (202) and negative electrode piece (201) in the separation process.
2. The lithium battery recycling device according to claim 1, wherein the inside of the negative electrode baking oven (1) is further provided with a first collecting member (12), a second collecting member (13) and a third collecting member (14);
the first collecting piece (12) is positioned at the bottom of the low-temperature zone (111) of the anode front section and is configured to collect liquid electrolyte on the anode piece (201); the second collecting piece (13) is positioned at the top of the negative electrode middle section high-temperature region (112) and is configured to collect the electrolyte vaporized on the negative electrode pole piece (201); the third collecting piece (14) is located at the bottom of the negative electrode middle section high-temperature area (112) and is configured to collect the black powder falling on the negative electrode piece (201).
3. The lithium battery recycling device according to claim 2, characterized in that a first purge member is provided inside the negative electrode middle section high temperature region (112) and configured to purge black powder on the negative electrode tab (201).
4. The lithium battery recycling device according to claim 2, characterized in that the temperature of the negative electrode front-stage low-temperature zone (111) is 25-35 ℃; the temperature of the negative electrode middle section high temperature region (112) is 120-160 ℃; the temperature of the cathode end low-temperature zone (113) is 25-35 ℃.
5. The lithium battery recycling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the positive electrode constant temperature cavity (21) comprises a positive electrode front section low temperature region (211), a positive electrode middle section high temperature region (212) and a positive electrode end section low temperature region (213) which are sequentially arranged;
The positive pole separation assembly (4) comprises a positive pole guide roller (41) and a positive pole moving roller (42) which are arranged side by side, wherein the positive pole guide roller (41) is pivoted on the inner wall of the positive pole constant temperature cavity (21) and located in a positive pole front section low temperature region (211), a positive pole piece (202) and a diaphragm are wound on the positive pole guide roller (41) and fixed on the positive pole moving roller (42), and the positive pole moving roller (42) can drive the positive pole piece (202) and the diaphragm to sequentially pass through the positive pole front section low temperature region (211), a positive pole middle section high temperature region (212) and a positive pole end section low temperature region (213).
6. The lithium battery recycling device according to claim 5, wherein a fourth collecting member (22), a fifth collecting member (23) and a sixth collecting member (24) are further provided inside the positive electrode baking oven (2);
the fourth collecting piece (22) is positioned at the bottom of the low-temperature zone (211) of the front section of the positive electrode and is configured to collect liquid electrolyte on the positive electrode piece (202); the fifth collecting piece (23) is positioned at the top of the positive electrode middle section high-temperature region (212) and is configured to collect the electrolyte vaporized on the positive electrode piece (202); the sixth collecting piece (24) is located at the bottom of the positive electrode middle section high-temperature area (212) and is configured to collect the black powder falling on the positive electrode piece (202).
7. The lithium battery recycling device according to claim 6, wherein a second purge member is provided inside the positive middle section high temperature region (212) and configured to purge black powder on the positive electrode sheet (202).
8. The lithium battery recycling device according to claim 6, characterized in that the temperature of the positive electrode front section low temperature region (211) is 25-35 ℃; the temperature of the positive electrode middle section high temperature region (212) is 400-450 ℃; the temperature of the low-temperature area (213) of the end section of the positive electrode is 25-35 ℃.
9. A lithium battery recycling method, characterized in that the lithium battery recycling device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used for recycling the lithium battery, comprising the following steps:
Fixing the pole roll (200) between the negative electrode baking oven (1) and the positive electrode baking oven (2), fixing the negative electrode pole piece (201) on the negative electrode separation assembly (3), and fixing the positive electrode pole piece (202) and the diaphragm on the positive electrode separation assembly (4);
The negative electrode separation assembly (3) drives the negative electrode plate (201) to move in the negative electrode constant temperature cavity (11), and the positive electrode separation assembly (4) drives the positive electrode plate (202) and the diaphragm to move in the positive electrode constant temperature cavity (21);
After the negative electrode baking oven (1) collects electrolyte and black powder on the negative electrode plate (201), the negative electrode separation assembly (3) starts to wind the negative electrode plate (201) at the tail section of the negative electrode constant temperature cavity (11); after the positive electrode baking oven (2) collects the electrolyte and the black powder on the positive electrode plate (202), the positive electrode separation assembly (4) starts to wind the positive electrode plate (202) at the tail section of the positive electrode constant temperature cavity (21).
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