CN114243068B - Hydrogen energy power supply equipment based on magnesium-based material - Google Patents

Hydrogen energy power supply equipment based on magnesium-based material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114243068B
CN114243068B CN202111562313.2A CN202111562313A CN114243068B CN 114243068 B CN114243068 B CN 114243068B CN 202111562313 A CN202111562313 A CN 202111562313A CN 114243068 B CN114243068 B CN 114243068B
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box
pipe
reaction
fixed
hydrogen
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CN114243068A (en
Inventor
徐皓
潘复生
徐逸非
陈玉安
刘江
蒋斌
周世明
冉磊
杨远见
吴祖正
王博
项女桐
刘思哲
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Chongqing University
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Chongqing University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/065Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04029Heat exchange using liquids
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04097Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen energy power supply device based on magnesium-based materials, which comprises a mounting frame and a fuel cell fixed on the side wall of the mounting frame, wherein a heat absorption box is fixed on the side wall of the fuel cell, a reaction box is fixed on the side wall of the heat absorption box, a feed box and a heat dissipation box are fixed on the side wall of the mounting frame, a feed pipe communicated with the inside of the reaction box is penetrated and penetrated through the side wall of the feed box, a water collecting tank and a impurity removal box are fixed on the side wall of the heat dissipation box, a hydrogenation pipe, an oxygenation pipe, a drain pipe and a hydrogen return pipe are inserted at the end part of the fuel cell, and the hydrogenation pipe is communicated with the inside of the reaction box. The advantages are that: according to the invention, water flow in the water collecting tank can enter the reaction tank through the water return pipe, so that water continuously consumed by the reaction is replenished, the continuous hydrogen supply reaction is ensured, the water flow is added a small amount of times, air at the upper part of the water collecting tank cannot enter the reaction tank, the purity of hydrogen supply of the reaction tank is ensured, and the energy supply effect is improved.

Description

Hydrogen energy power supply equipment based on magnesium-based material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power supply equipment, in particular to hydrogen energy power supply equipment based on magnesium-based materials.
Background
The fuel cell is a chemical device for directly converting chemical energy of fuel into electric energy, which is also called electrochemical generator, and has high efficiency because the fuel cell converts the Gibbs free energy part of the chemical energy of the fuel into electric energy through electrochemical reaction without being limited by the Kano cycle effect; in addition, the fuel cell uses fuel and oxygen as raw materials, and has no mechanical transmission part, so that the discharged harmful gas is very little, and the service life is long;
while the existing fuel cell uses hydrogen as a fuel source, the fuel cell of non-hydrogen energy source can generate a certain amount of exhaust gas to cause environmental pollution, the existing hydrogen fuel cell mostly relies on liquid or gaseous hydrogen to store and supply hydrogen, and obviously, the storage of liquid and gaseous hydrogen has a plurality of inconveniences, the storage requirement is higher, high pressure is generally required to be born, high safety risks exist, and the heat release property of the fuel cell is combined, once the overheat risk is increased, so that the supply of hydrogen energy source has a high risk in the existing fuel cell power supply system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of unsafe hydrogen supply and large energy waste in the prior art, and provides hydrogen energy power supply equipment based on a magnesium-based material.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a hydrogen energy power supply equipment based on magnesium base material, includes the mounting bracket and is fixed in the fuel cell of mounting bracket lateral wall, the lateral wall of fuel cell is fixed with the heat absorption case, the lateral wall of heat absorption case is fixed with the reaction tank, the lateral wall of mounting bracket is fixed with feed tank and radiating box, the lateral wall of feed tank is run through and is equipped with the filling tube with the inside switch-on of reaction tank, the lateral wall of radiating box is fixed with header tank and edulcoration case, the tip of fuel cell is inserted and is equipped with hydrogenation pipe, oxygenation pipe, drain pipe and hydrogen return pipe, hydrogenation pipe is with the inside switch-on of reaction tank, the hydrogen return pipe runs through the inside switch-on of heat absorption case and hydrogenation pipe, the drain pipe runs through the inside switch-on of heat absorption case and header tank, the bottom of header tank is run through and is equipped with the wet return with the inside switch-on of reaction tank;
two driving boxes are fixed on two side walls of the reaction box, an air outlet pipe and a return pipe which are respectively communicated with the two driving boxes are penetrated through the side walls of the heat absorption box, the two driving boxes are connected with a cooling pipe together, the cooling pipe penetrates through the heat dissipation box, a driving mechanism is arranged in the driving box, a quantitative water adding mechanism is arranged in the water collection box, and an acid supply mechanism is arranged in the impurity removal box.
In the above-mentioned hydrogen energy power supply equipment based on magnesium-based material, the ration mechanism of adding water includes the kickboard with header tank inner wall sliding connection, the bottom of kickboard is fixed with the ejector pin, the bottom of ejector pin inserts the wet return inside and blocks up the wet return.
In the above-mentioned hydrogen energy power supply equipment based on magnesium base material, the sour mechanism of supplying includes the push pedal of passing through propulsion spring coupling with the edulcoration case bottom, the sealed sliding connection of inner wall of push pedal and edulcoration case, the lateral wall of edulcoration case runs through and inserts and be equipped with the acidification pipe with the inside switch-on of reaction box, the inside solenoid valve that opens and close regularly that is equipped with of acidification pipe, the inside packing of edulcoration case has hydrochloric acid, the bottom of reaction box is fixed with two acid-base sensors, the inner wall of cooling tube and fluid-discharge tube all is equipped with the automatically controlled valve, the automatically controlled valve is controlled by the signal of telecommunication that acid-base sensor passed.
In the above-mentioned hydrogen energy power supply equipment based on magnesium base material, actuating mechanism includes the pivot that runs through rotationally with the lateral wall seal of driving case and be connected, the one end that the driving case was kept away from to the pivot runs through the lateral wall of reaction case and extends to the reaction incasement portion, the circumference lateral wall that the pivot is located the inside one section of driving case is fixed with a plurality of rotor blades, the circumference lateral wall that the pivot is located the inside one section of reaction case is fixed with a plurality of stirring blades, the inside of outlet duct and back flow all is equipped with the check valve, the inside packing of heat absorption case has dichloromethane, the inside packing of heat dissipation case has the coolant liquid, the cooling pipe is located the inside one section of heat dissipation case and is the heliciform.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. in the invention, water flow in the water collecting tank can enter the reaction tank through the water return pipe, so that water continuously consumed by the reaction is replenished, the continuous hydrogen supply reaction is ensured, the water flow is added for a small amount of times, air at the upper part of the water collecting tank cannot enter the reaction tank, the purity of hydrogen supply of the reaction tank is ensured, and the energy supply effect is improved;
2. in the invention, in the process that the fluid passes through the driving box, the rotating vane is pushed to rotate so as to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the stirring vane continuously rotates, the solid-liquid reaction in the reaction box is efficiently stirred, the overall reaction rate is improved, and the effectiveness of hydrogen supply is ensured;
3. in the invention, the high-temperature vapor is introduced into the water collecting tank through the water drain pipe, and the heat is transferred to the methylene dichloride solution through the heat absorbing tank in the process, so that the water vapor is liquefied into water flow, the water flow enters the water collecting tank for storage under the pushing of the subsequent air flow, the redundant hydrogen is injected into the hydrogenation pipe through the hydrogen return pipe, the full utilization of the hydrogen is realized, the heat is also absorbed by the methylene dichloride in the transferring process, the overheat reaction is avoided, and the recycling of the reaction products of the fuel cell is realized;
4. in the invention, the solid magnesium hydride is used for supplying hydrogen, and compression treatment is not needed for the hydrogen, so that the invention is safer and more reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a left axis of a hydrogen energy power supply device based on a magnesium-based material according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the right axis of a hydrogen energy power supply device based on magnesium-based material according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a front structure of a hydrogen energy power supply device based on a magnesium-based material according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a half cross-sectional view of a hydrogen energy power supply device based on magnesium-based material according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a top cross-sectional view of a hydrogen energy power supply device based on magnesium-based material according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1 mounting frame, 2 fuel cell, 3 feed tank, 4 heat absorption tank, 5 reaction tank, 6 heat dissipation tank, 7 header tank, 8 edulcoration case, 9 feed tube, 10 hydrogenation pipe, 11 oxygenation pipe, 12 drain pipe, 13 hydrogen return pipe, 14 floating plate, 15 ejector pin, 16 wet return, 17 propulsion spring, 18 push pedal, 19 add acid pipe, 20 acid-base sensor, 21 fluid-discharge tube, 22 driving box, 23 outlet duct, 24 back flow, 25 cooling tube, 26 pivot, 27 swivel joint, 28 stirring leaf.
Detailed Description
The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1-5, a hydrogen energy power supply device based on magnesium-based materials comprises a mounting frame 1 and a fuel cell 2 fixed on the side wall of the mounting frame 1, wherein a heat absorption tank 4 is fixed on the side wall of the fuel cell 2, a reaction tank 5 is fixed on the side wall of the heat absorption tank 4, a feed tank 3 and a heat dissipation tank 6 are fixed on the side wall of the mounting frame 1, a feed pipe 9 communicated with the interior of the reaction tank 5 is penetrated and penetrated through the side wall of the feed tank 3, a water collection tank 7 and a impurity removal tank 8 are fixed on the side wall of the heat dissipation tank 6, a hydrogenation pipe 10, an oxygenation pipe 11, a drain pipe 12 and a hydrogen return pipe 13 are inserted into the end part of the fuel cell 2, the hydrogenation pipe 10 is communicated with the interior of the reaction tank 5, the hydrogen return pipe 13 penetrates through the heat absorption tank 4 and is communicated with the interior of the hydrogenation pipe 10, a one-way valve is arranged in the interior of the hydrogen return pipe 13, the drain pipe 12 penetrates through the heat absorption tank 4 and the interior of the water collection tank 7, and a water return pipe 16 communicated with the interior of the reaction tank 5 is penetrated and arranged at the bottom of the water collection tank 7;
two driving boxes 22 are fixed on two side walls of the reaction box 5, an air outlet pipe 23 and a return pipe 24 which are respectively communicated with the two driving boxes 22 are penetrated through the side wall of the heat absorption box 4, the two driving boxes 22 are connected with a cooling pipe 25 together, the cooling pipe 25 penetrates through the heat dissipation box 6, a driving mechanism is arranged in the driving box 22, a quantitative water adding mechanism is arranged in the water collection box 7, and an acid supplying mechanism is arranged in the impurity removal box 8.
The quantitative water adding mechanism comprises a floating plate 14 which is slidably connected with the inner wall of the water collecting tank 7, a push rod 15 is fixed at the bottom of the floating plate 14, the bottom of the push rod 15 is inserted into a water return pipe 16 and plugs the water return pipe 16, the upper part of the water collecting tank 7 and the connection position of a drain pipe 12 are not subjected to sealing treatment, when the oxygen adding pipe 11 is filled with air, redundant air can be discharged, water flows from the water return pipe 16 at the bottom for a small amount and many times enter the reaction tank 5, the air cannot enter the reaction tank 5, the purity of hydrogen supply is ensured, a one-way valve is arranged in the drain pipe 12 and is positioned at the position contacted with the bottom of the heat absorbing tank 4, the water flow is prevented from flowing backwards into the fuel cell 2, and the water flow can be pushed into the water collecting tank 7 when the water vapor is discharged.
The acid supply mechanism comprises a push plate 18 connected with the bottom of the impurity removal box 8 through a pushing spring 17, the push plate 18 is in sealed sliding connection with the inner wall of the impurity removal box 8, an acid adding pipe 19 communicated with the inside of the reaction box 5 is penetrated through the side wall of the impurity removal box 8, an electromagnetic valve for opening and closing at regular time is arranged in the acid adding pipe 19, hydrochloric acid is filled in the impurity removal box 8, two acid-base sensors 20 are fixed at the bottom of the reaction box 5, electric control valves are arranged on the inner walls of the cooling pipe 25 and the liquid discharge pipe 21, the electric control valves are controlled by electric signals transmitted by the acid-base sensors 20, and the hydrochloric acid is added at regular time and quantity, so that the magnesium hydroxide is removed by the reaction at regular time and quantity, solid impurities can not be discharged, and the inner space of the reaction box 5 is ensured to be enough.
The driving mechanism comprises a rotating shaft 26 which is connected with the side wall of the driving box 22 in a sealing and penetrating mode, one end of the rotating shaft 26, far away from the driving box 22, penetrates through the side wall of the reaction box 5 and extends to the inside of the reaction box 5, a plurality of rotating blades 27 are fixed on the circumferential side wall of one section of the rotating shaft 26, located inside the driving box 22, of the rotating shaft 26, a plurality of stirring blades 28 are fixed on the circumferential side wall of one section of the reaction box 5, one-way valves are arranged in the air outlet pipe 23 and the back flow 24, methylene dichloride is filled in the heat absorption box 4, cooling liquid is filled in the heat dissipation box 6, the cooling pipe 25 is located in the heat dissipation box 6, the contact area and time between the cooling pipe and the cooling liquid are improved, efficient heat exchange is guaranteed, and effective heat dissipation is guaranteed.
In the invention, during actual use, the powder magnesium hydride stored in the feed box 3 is filled into the reaction box 5 through the feed pipe 9 at fixed time and fixed quantity, the magnesium hydride reacts with water flow in the reaction box 5 at normal temperature to generate hydrogen and magnesium hydroxide, the hydrogen is injected into the fuel cell 2 through the hydrogenation pipe 10, so that effective hydrogen supply of the fuel cell 2 is realized, the oxygen pipe 11 injects oxygen into the fuel cell 2, thereby realizing reactive power supply of the fuel cell 2, high-temperature water vapor generated by the reaction is discharged through the drain pipe 12, redundant hydrogen is led out through the hydrogen return pipe 13, smooth power supply of the fuel cell 2 is ensured, hydrogen is supplied through solid magnesium hydride, and compression treatment of the hydrogen is not needed, so that the fuel cell 2 is safer and more reliable;
the high-temperature vapor is introduced into the water collection tank 7 through the water discharge pipe 12, and the heat is transferred to the dichloromethane solution through the heat absorption tank 4 in the process, so that the vapor is liquefied into water flow, the water flow enters the water collection tank 7 for storage under the pushing of the subsequent air flow, the redundant hydrogen is injected into the hydrogenation pipe 10 through the hydrogen return pipe 13, the full utilization of the hydrogen is realized, the heat is also absorbed by the dichloromethane in the transfer process, the overheat reaction is avoided, and the recycling of the reaction products of the fuel cell is realized;
the heat absorption box 4 also absorbs heat generated by the reaction inside the reaction box 5, so that the reaction box accelerates gasification, gasified dichloromethane enters the driving box 22 on one side through the air outlet pipe 23, is transferred to the driving box 22 on the other side through the cooling pipe 25, and finally returns to the heat absorption box 4 through the return pipe 24, in the process, air flow is cooled by cooling liquid in the heat dissipation box 6, so that the air flow is converted into liquid state from gas state, and circulation heat absorption of the dichloromethane is realized, in the process that fluid passes through the driving box 22, the rotating blade 27 is pushed to rotate, the rotating shaft 26 is driven to rotate, the stirring blade 28 is continuously rotated, so that the solid-liquid reaction inside the reaction box 5 is efficiently stirred, the overall reaction rate is improved, and the hydrogen supply effectiveness is ensured;
after the water flow in the water collection tank 7 is accumulated to a certain amount, the floating plate 14 is subjected to buoyancy to move upwards, so that the ejector rod 15 is driven to move upwards, the ejector rod 15 is separated from the water return pipe 16, the water flow in the water collection tank 7 can enter the reaction tank 5 through the water return pipe 16, water which is continuously consumed by reaction is replenished, the continuous proceeding of hydrogen supply reaction is ensured, the water flow is added for a small amount of times, air at the upper part of the water collection tank 7 cannot enter the reaction tank 5, the purity of hydrogen supply of the reaction tank 5 is ensured, and the energy supply effect is improved;
after the reaction for a certain time, the valve inside the acid adding pipe 19 is opened, hydrochloric acid inside the impurity removing box 8 enters the reaction box 5 under the pushing of the pushing plate 18, so that neutralization reaction is carried out on magnesium hydroxide particles inside the reaction box 5, water is generated, at the same time, solid particles are eliminated, and when hydrochloric acid is injected, the solution around the acid-base sensor 20 is acidic, the valve is started to seal the cooling pipe 25, stirring of the stirring blade 28 is stopped, sufficient reaction of acid liquid and magnesium hydroxide at the bottom is ensured, after the reaction, the solution is neutral, at the moment, the valve inside the liquid discharge pipe 21 is opened, a certain amount of reacted products are discharged, so that the reaction box 5 cannot be filled up due to the long-time reaction, enough reaction space is ensured, after the acid reaction is finished, the reaction box 5 is filled with magnesium hydroxide which is a product of magnesium hydride, the solution is slightly alkaline again, so that the acid-base sensor 20 detects and transmits signals, the liquid discharge pipe 21 is closed, the cooling pipe 25 is opened, ordered liquid discharge is realized, continuous progress of the reaction is ensured, and the discharged solution contains magnesium ions, and the magnesium ions can be used for agricultural fertilizer and cannot cause environmental pollution.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a hydrogen energy power supply equipment based on magnesium base material, includes mounting bracket (1) and is fixed in fuel cell (2) of mounting bracket (1) lateral wall, its characterized in that, the lateral wall of fuel cell (2) is fixed with heat absorption case (4), the lateral wall of heat absorption case (4) is fixed with reaction case (5), the lateral wall of mounting bracket (1) is fixed with feed box (3) and radiator (6), feed tube (9) with the inside switch-on of reaction case (5) are worn by the lateral wall of feed box (3), the lateral wall of radiator (6) is fixed with header tank (7) and edulcoration case (8), the tip of fuel cell (2) is inserted and is equipped with hydrogenation pipe (10), oxygenation pipe (11), drain pipe (12) and hydrogen return pipe (13), hydrogen return pipe (13) run through heat absorption case (4) and hydrogenation pipe (10) inside switch-on, hydrogen return pipe (13) inside are equipped with the check valve, drain pipe (12) run through water header tank (7) and water return pipe (16) inside switch-on with reaction case (7) inside switch-on;
two driving boxes (22) are fixed on two side walls of the reaction box (5), an air outlet pipe (23) and a return pipe (24) which are respectively communicated with the two driving boxes (22) are penetrated through the side walls of the heat absorption box (4), the two driving boxes (22) are connected with cooling pipes (25) together, the cooling pipes (25) penetrate through the heat dissipation box (6), a driving mechanism is arranged in the driving boxes (22), a quantitative water adding mechanism is arranged in the water collection box (7), and an acid supply mechanism is arranged in the impurity removal box (8).
2. The hydrogen energy power supply equipment based on the magnesium-based material according to claim 1, wherein the quantitative water adding mechanism comprises a floating plate (14) which is slidably connected with the inner wall of the water collecting tank (7), a push rod (15) is fixed at the bottom of the floating plate (14), and the bottom of the push rod (15) is inserted into the water return pipe (16) and plugs the water return pipe (16).
3. The hydrogen energy power supply equipment based on the magnesium-based material according to claim 1, characterized in that the acid supply mechanism comprises a push plate (18) connected with the bottom of the impurity removal box (8) through a pushing spring (17), the push plate (18) is in sealed sliding connection with the inner wall of the impurity removal box (8), an acid adding pipe (19) communicated with the inside of the reaction box (5) is penetrated and penetrated through the side wall of the impurity removal box (8), an electromagnetic valve for opening and closing at fixed time is arranged in the acid adding pipe (19), hydrochloric acid is filled in the inside of the impurity removal box (8), two acid-base sensors (20) are fixed at the bottom of the reaction box (5), and electric control valves are arranged on the inner walls of the cooling pipe (25) and the liquid discharge pipe (21) and are controlled by electric signals transmitted by the acid-base sensors (20).
4. The hydrogen energy power supply equipment based on the magnesium-based material according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a rotating shaft (26) which is connected with the side wall of the driving box (22) in a sealing penetrating and rotating manner, one end of the rotating shaft (26) away from the driving box (22) penetrates through the side wall of the reaction box (5) and extends to the inside of the reaction box (5), a plurality of rotating blades (27) are fixed on the circumferential side wall of a section of the rotating shaft (26) positioned in the driving box (22), a plurality of stirring blades (28) are fixed on the circumferential side wall of a section of the rotating shaft (26) positioned in the reaction box (5), check valves are arranged in the air outlet pipe (23) and the backflow pipe (24), dichloromethane is filled in the heat absorption box (4), cooling liquid is filled in the heat dissipation box (6), and a section of the cooling pipe (25) positioned in the heat dissipation box (6) is spiral.
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