CN114237123A - Prefabricated pump station control system of integration based on thing networking - Google Patents
Prefabricated pump station control system of integration based on thing networking Download PDFInfo
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- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
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Abstract
The invention relates to an integrated prefabricated pump station based on the Internet of things, which has a system structure with three layers, namely a sensing layer for sensing data, a network layer for processing data transmission and an application layer for calculating and managing data. The integrated prefabricated pump station system structure is based on a sensing layer, and utilizes sensors of different types to detect, convert and process signals such as water level, water pressure, flow, power consumption, image data and the like, and transmits the signals to the single chip microcomputer in communication modes such as RS 485. And the network layer transmits the data to the cloud computing center server by using an MQTT communication protocol. The application layer realizes the functions of real-time viewing of the water consumption data of the pump station, monitoring of the pump station and the like through a mobile phone client or a webpage version pump station management system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pump station control systems, in particular to an integrated prefabricated pump station control system based on the Internet of things.
Background
The pump station plays an important role in the irrigation and water conservancy process. Traditional agricultural irrigation's pump station, use a large-scale water pump to be connected with each pipeline, make this large-scale water pump through for each pipeline transport water, this kind of irrigation problem is more, only use when being fit for the unified irrigation of large tracts of land, but can't be to some small areas irrigate alone, it makes diversified irrigation methods to be difficult to satisfy complicated planting environment, single charging mode also is difficult to be applicable to the irrigation demand under the different environment, traditional pump station needs to establish special control room, degree of automation and humanized regulation and control is not high, demand special person is on duty, early investment and later stage administrative cost are higher, along with the development of society, the application to wisdom irrigation is increasingly extensive, the demand to wisdom irrigation pump station increases day by day, therefore it is necessary to design an integration irrigation pump station based on thing networking, charging mode to traditional pump station is single, The operation is complex, the management is difficult and the like, and innovative research is carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the traditional pump station in irrigation and water conservancy irrigation, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is the defects of single charging mode, complex operation and difficult management of the traditional pump station, and the technical scheme of applying the internet of things technology to the system design ensures that system equipment has the characteristics of reliability, simple operation, accurate charging, convenient management, wide application range and the like, and provides a solution for realizing automation of a pump station.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the invention discloses an integrated prefabricated pump station based on the Internet of things, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
and (3) system architecture construction: the integrated prefabricated pump station system structure based on the Internet of things comprises three layers, namely a sensing layer for sensing data, a network layer for processing data transmission and an application layer for calculating and managing data; the integrated prefabricated pump station system structure is based on a sensing layer, the sensing layer detects signals such as water level, water pressure, flow, electricity consumption and image data by taking a single chip microcomputer as a core, the signals are converted and processed by utilizing sensors of different types and are transmitted to the single chip microcomputer by utilizing communication modes such as RS485, a network layer sends data to a cloud computing center server by utilizing an MQTT communication protocol, and an application layer logs in a pump station management system through a mobile phone client or a webpage to realize functions such as real-time viewing of water consumption data of a pump station, monitoring of the pump station and the like.
Designing a sensing layer: the design of perception layer pump station is the most important part of prefabricated pump station system of integration, adopts STM32F407 singlechip, based on MBED-RTOS operating system to sensor spills data acquisition of different grade type and control soft starter, camera, this system has adopted two kinds of sensors, utilizes Modbus bus protocol to read data such as soft starter parameter, flow, utilizes specific protocol to read ammeter data and image data, realizes pump station water intaking, measurement, image detection, data communication function.
Network layer and application layer implementation: the integrated prefabricated pump station is communicated with a GPR wireless network or an Internet-based MQTT protocol and a cloud data center, application layer software is developed and completed by using C language in a Visual Studio development environment, functions of real-time checking, remote management, historical data query, alarm condition setting and the like of pump station operation data are mainly realized, and a user can enter a pump station management system through logging in a computer webpage or a mobile phone APP and check the operation state of the pump station in real time.
The design adopts a mode of combining electric metering charging, water metering charging and time quantity charging to carry out metering, when a pump station is in a water taking state, flow data and electric parameters are uploaded to a data center, and the data center selects a specific charging mode to carry out charging according to user requirements, so that a charging and water taking function is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) this project adopts thing networking ideological design and has realized a prefabricated pump station system of integration, has solved the charging mode of traditional pump station single, has operated complicacy, has managed difficult scheduling problem, has promoted water treatment facilities intellectuality water affair technical application.
(2) The product has wide application range and good effect, and meets the strict requirements of the national industrial policy guidance direction and the environmental protection policy.
(3) After the project is successfully researched and developed, the structure adjustment of enterprise products is effectively promoted, and the transformation and the upgrade of the industry are accelerated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system structure block diagram of an integrated prefabricated pump station control system based on the Internet of things;
FIG. 2 is a system hardware structure design diagram in an integrated prefabricated pump station control system based on the Internet of things;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a water intake card in an integrated prefabricated pump station control system based on the Internet of things;
FIG. 4 is a communication circuit design diagram in an integrated prefabricated pump station control system based on the Internet of things;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of sensing layer pump station controller software in an integrated prefabricated pump station control system based on the internet of things.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in connection with specific embodiments of the invention.
The invention adopts the idea of Internet of things to design and realizes an integrated prefabricated pump station system, and the system structure is divided into a sensing layer, a network layer and an application layer, wherein the sensing layer is taken as the basis;
as shown in figure 2, the sensing layer pump station controller is designed as the most important part of an integrated prefabricated pump station system, the system adopts two types of sensors, two different sensor data acquisition modes are provided, 4-20 mA current signals are adopted by water level and water pressure sensors, therefore, the water level and water pressure signals are subjected to data collection through a built-in AD of a single chip microcomputer after passing through a conditioning circuit, an ammeter, a camera, a soft starter and a flowmeter are communicated with the single chip microcomputer through an RS-485 interface, the single chip microcomputer reads data such as parameters and flow of the soft starter by using a Modbus protocol, reads ammeter data and image data by using a specific protocol, and stores the collected data in an SD card.
The pump station water intaking function realizes that the mode that starts the pump station and carry out the water intaking has three kinds: the pump is started by swiping a card, the pump is started by remote control of a webpage end, the pump is started by remote control of an APP end of a mobile phone, MFRC522 card reading chip is adopted to obtain card information when swiping the card to take water, and the water taking card selected for use is an S50 non-contact IC card. The S50 card is low in cost and convenient for large-scale application, but the adopted storage technology is easy to crack, so that plaintext information cannot be directly written in the water getting card, and the software implementation of the traditional encryption algorithm needs to consume too many resources, so that the S50 card is not suitable for an embedded environment with limited computing capacity and storage space.
The method adopted by the design is that when the card is opened, the Present lightweight encryption algorithm is firstly adopted to encrypt the information of the water getting card, then the data is transmitted from the server side to the client side and then the Base64 coding is carried out on the data, and the card opening process is shown in figure 3.
The Present encryption algorithm belongs to a block cipher algorithm, data to be encrypted needs to be processed in practical application, and the calculation relationship is as follows:
when the actual data length L is not an integral multiple of 8, X bit 0 needs to be supplemented after the data to be encrypted, N is the group number of the data to be encrypted, the card reading chip transmits the data in the card to the single chip microcomputer through the SPI interface, the single chip microcomputer decodes Base64 codes of the obtained data, the data are decrypted by using a key, and finally whether a card swiping user is legal or not is inquired from the ferroelectric memory FRAM, and corresponding pump starting water taking operation is executed on legal users.
And (3) detecting electrical parameters: the scheme that a DTS541 ammeter and an ADE7878 electric parameter chip are selected and used for detecting the electric parameters is adopted, the ammeter is used for accurate charging and is used for calibrating the ADE7878 electric parameter chip, the ammeter can provide voltage, current, active power and reactive power parameters, but the parameters are not enough to provide protection for the motor, and therefore the ADE7878 electric parameter chip is added to the system.
ADE7878 can provide total active power and reactive power, apparent electric energy, power factor and grid frequency isoparametric for the system, and ADE7878 inserts three-phase alternating current through voltage transformer and current transformer, sends the electrical parameter to the singlechip through the SPI interface, and the singlechip detects overvoltage fault, open-phase fault, reverse order trouble etc. through calculating electrical parameter data, realizes the protection to the motor.
(3) And detecting image data, namely when someone enters the water supply chamber, causing the output of the infrared sensor to be changed from high level to low level, triggering the external interruption of the singlechip, calling a camera by the singlechip to take a picture at the moment, storing the image data in the SD card, uploading the stored path information of the picture to a cloud data center through an MQTT protocol, and when an application layer needs to call the picture information, sending a calling instruction through a mobile phone APP or a Web end to acquire the picture information, thereby realizing the safety monitoring of the pump station.
The image data detection adopts an SXH485 serial port camera, the power supply mode adopts 5-24V direct current voltage for power supply, the working temperature is minus 40-85 ℃, the maximum resolution is 1280 x 960, the maximum night vision distance is 15 meters, and the default baud rate is 115200.
The format of the message sent by the singlechip to the camera is shown in table 1:
table 1 downlink message format
The header is two bytes, 0X90EB, OxEB is the first byte, and 0X90 is the second byte. The device address of the camera can be set, the address range is from 0 to 255, wherein 0 is a reserved address, the address 255 is used for broadcasting a message, and when the address of the camera device in the system is 1 and the message type is 0x06, the packet is used for transmitting image data.
The format of the message uploaded to the single chip by the camera is shown in table 2:
table 2 uplink message format
The status byte is 0x00, which indicates that the camera status is normal, and 0x01 indicates that an internal error occurs.
(4) And (3) detecting flow data: the single chip microcomputer acquires flow data through a Modbus protocol, a TUF-2000M ultrasonic flowmeter is used for measuring the flow in the pipe, the flowmeter measures the linearity of 0.5 percent, the repeatability precision of 0.2 percent, the time difference measurement resolution of 40 picoseconds and the measurement precision of +/-1 percent, the ultrasonic transmission time in the liquid generates tiny change due to the flowing of the liquid, and the transmission time change is in direct proportion to the flow speed of the liquid. The liquid flow velocity calculation formula is shown as follows:
the design has three charging modes: electricity metering charge, water metering charge, time quantum charge. When the pump station is in a water taking state, the flow data and the electric parameters are uploaded to the data center, and the data center selects a specific charging mode to charge according to the user requirements, so that the charging and water taking functions are realized.
Designing a sensor interface circuit: the control core of the integrated prefabricated pump station is a single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer acquires water level and water pressure data through an AD converter, and data acquisition of parameters, electric parameters, image data and flow of the soft starter is completed through an RS-485 interface.
The single chip microcomputer in the design is an STM32F407 single chip microcomputer, an RS-485 circuit shown in figure 4 is directly connected with the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer is used for communicating with the sensor through a specific protocol after digital filtering of collected signals. The RS-485 circuit uses SP3072 as a bus transceiver, with a 50mA self-recovery fuse and transient voltage suppressor to suppress interference from electrostatic and surge transients.
The system is provided with two RS-485 communication circuits, wherein one RS-485 communication circuit is used for acquiring ammeter data and soft starter parameters; and the other path is used for collecting data of the flowmeter and the camera.
Data communication: the pump station controller system realizes the functions of thread control, thread synchronization, inter-thread communication, thread scheduling and the like based on an MBED-RTOS real-time operating system.
The software operation flow is shown in fig. 5, and the system operation is divided into 3 threads:
the thread 1 is used for processing data and processing events, when new data in the MQTT receiving cache is detected, the thread 1 is responsible for analyzing commands in the MQTT receiving cache and then executing corresponding operations, and meanwhile, the thread 1 is also responsible for processing external events such as key operation and the like.
And the thread 2 is an MQTT working thread and is responsible for communication between the pump station and the data center.
The thread 3 is a data acquisition thread, acquires data of each sensor at regular time, and is responsible for storing the data to the SD card and detecting sensor faults.
The reason why one thread is used alone to collect sensor data is that a relatively long delay is required to be added in the process of reading the sensor data to wait for the equipment to enter a normal working state, which can block other real-time operations, so that one thread is used alone to collect the sensor data.
The Qos of the MQTT of the system is configured to be Qasl, namely the MQTT is transmitted at least once successfully, repeated data packets are possible to occur in the configuration mode, and the solution of the design is to add packet number information into a data packet protocol, wherein the packet number is generated according to the current system time, so that the uniqueness of the data packet is ensured.
And after receiving the data, the data center eliminates repeated data packets by judging packet numbers in the data. The single chip microcomputer collects the state of the sensor at regular time, generates a state message and transmits the state message to the data center through an MQTT protocol, and the running state of the pump station is monitored.
3. The realization of a network layer and an application layer: the integrated prefabricated pump station communicates with a cloud data center through a GPRS wireless network or the Internet based on an MQTT protocol, application layer software is developed and completed by using a C language in a Visual Studio development environment, functions of checking running data of the pump station in real time, remote management, inquiry of historical data, setting of alarm conditions and the like are mainly achieved, a user can enter a pump station management system by logging in a computer webpage or a mobile phone App, the running state of the pump station is checked in real time, the user can set an alarm threshold value in the management system, such as a motor overload alarm threshold and the like, the application layer software processes the data of the pump station in real time, and whether the alarm condition is met is calculated.
The application layer software needs to perform centralized management on a large number of pump stations, JSON data uploaded to a data center by the pump stations can be stored in the MySQL relational database after being analyzed, the database is likely to be crashed when the data volume is large, and the MongoDB is introduced.
The MongoDB is used as a data cache layer, application layer software independently creates data in a thread wheel MongoDB, the data are processed and then stored in the MySQL database, and the historical data examination and inquiry function is realized by calling the information of the MySQL database.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a prefabricated pump station control system of integration based on thing networking which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a sensing layer for sensing data, a network layer for processing data transmission and an application layer for calculating and managing data;
the inside singlechip that is provided with of perception layer of prefabricated pump station of integration based on thing networking, the singlechip is used for detecting signals such as water pressure, flow, power consumption and image data, the internal complement of singlechip is provided with: a water level sensor and a water pressure sensor; the water level sensor and the water pressure sensor both adopt 4-20 mA current signals, the current signals are subjected to data collection with an AD (analog-digital) circuit arranged in the single chip microcomputer after passing through a built-in conditioning circuit, the single chip microcomputer is externally connected with an electric meter, a camera, a soft starter and a flowmeter through an RS-485 interface, the single chip microcomputer reads data such as parameters and flow of the soft starter by utilizing a Modbus bus protocol, reads electric meter data and image data by utilizing a specific protocol and stores the collected data in an SD (secure digital) card;
the network layer of the integrated prefabricated pump station based on the Internet of things utilizes an MQTT communication protocol to send data to a cloud computing center server;
the application layer of the integrated prefabricated pump station based on the Internet of things logs in a pump station management system through a mobile phone client or a webpage to realize the functions of real-time viewing of water consumption data of the pump station, monitoring of the pump station and the like.
2. The prefabricated pump station control system of integration based on thing networking of claim 1, characterized in that, the mode that starts the pump station and gets water has three kinds: the method comprises the following steps of opening a pump by swiping a card, remotely controlling the pump by a webpage end, and remotely controlling the pump by a mobile phone APP end; when the card is swiped to fetch water, an MFRC522 card reading chip is adopted to obtain card information, and the selected water fetching card is an S50 non-contact IC card;
the method adopted by the design is that when the card is opened, the Present lightweight encryption algorithm is firstly adopted to encrypt the information of the water getting card, and then the data is transmitted from the server side to the client side in order to facilitate the Base64 encoding of the data. The Present encryption algorithm belongs to a block cipher algorithm, data to be encrypted needs to be processed in practical application, and the calculation relationship is as follows:
when the actual data length L is not an integral multiple of 8, X bit 0 needs to be supplemented after the data to be encrypted, N is the group number of the data to be encrypted, a card reading chip transmits the data in the card to a single chip microcomputer through an SPI (serial peripheral interface), the single chip microcomputer decodes Base64 codes of the obtained data, the data is decrypted by using a key, and finally whether a card swiping user is legal or not is inquired from a ferroelectric memory FRAM, and corresponding pump starting water taking operation is executed for legal users.
3. The integrated prefabricated pump station control system based on the Internet of things is characterized in that electric parameter detection adopts a scheme of selecting and using a DTS541 ammeter and an ADE7878 electric parameter chip together, the ammeter is used for accurate charging and calibrating the ADE7878 electric parameter chip, the ammeter can provide voltage, current, active power and reactive power parameters, and the ADE7878 electric parameter chip is added to the system to protect a motor;
ADE7878 can provide total active and reactive power, apparent electric energy, power factor and grid frequency isoparametric for the system, and ADE7878 inserts three-phase alternating current through voltage transformer and current transformer, sends electrical parameter through the SPI interface for the singlechip, the singlechip detects overvoltage fault, open phase trouble, reverse order trouble etc. through calculating electrical parameter data, realizes the protection to the motor.
4. The prefabricated pump station control system of integration based on thing networking of claim 1, characterized in that, when someone gets into the water supply room, will lead to infrared sensor's output to become the low level by the high level, this will trigger the outside interrupt of singlechip, at this moment the singlechip calls the camera is shot, and image data storage will be stored in the SD card, uploads the storage path information of picture to cloud data center through the MQTT agreement simultaneously, when the application layer needs to call up picture information, accessible cell-phone APP or Web end send and call the survey instruction in order to obtain picture information, has realized the safety monitoring to the pump station.
5. The integrated prefabricated pump station control system based on the Internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the single chip microcomputer collects flow data through a Modbus protocol, a TUF-2000M ultrasonic flowmeter is used for measuring the flow in a pipe, the flowmeter has the measurement linearity of 0.5%, the repeatability precision of 0.2%, the time difference measurement resolution of 40 picoseconds and the measurement precision of +/-1%; the ultrasonic wave transmission time in the liquid generates a slight change due to the liquid flow, wherein the propagation time change is proportional to the flow velocity of the liquid, and the calculation formula of the liquid flow velocity is shown as the following formula:
the design has three charging modes: electricity metering charge, water metering charge and time quantum charge; when the pump station is in a water taking state, the flow data and the electric parameters are uploaded to the data center, and the data center selects a specific charging mode to charge according to the user requirements, so that the charging and water taking functions are realized.
6. The integrated prefabricated pump station control system based on the Internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the control core of the integrated prefabricated pump station is the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer acquires water level and water pressure data through an AD converter, and data acquisition of parameters, electrical parameters, image data and flow of the soft starter is completed through an RS-485 interface;
two RS-485 communication circuits are arranged in the system, and one RS-485 communication circuit is used for acquiring data of the ammeter and parameters of the soft starter; and the other path is used for acquiring data of the flowmeter and the camera.
7. The integrated prefabricated pump station control system based on the Internet of things according to claim 1, wherein a pump station controller system is based on an MBED-RTOS real-time operating system, and functions of thread control, thread synchronization, inter-thread communication, thread scheduling and the like are realized;
the system is divided into 3 threads during operation:
the thread 1 is used for processing data and processing events, when new data in the MQTT receiving cache is detected, the thread 1 is responsible for analyzing commands in the MQTT receiving cache and then executing corresponding operations, and meanwhile, the thread 1 is also responsible for processing external events such as key operation and the like;
the thread 2 is an MQTT working thread and is responsible for communication between the pump station and the data center;
the thread 3 is a data acquisition thread, acquires data of each sensor at regular time, and is responsible for storing the data to the SD card and detecting sensor faults.
8. The integrated prefabricated pump station control system based on the internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein the integrated prefabricated pump station is communicated with a cloud data center through a GPRS wireless network or the internet based on an MQTT protocol, the application layer software is developed and completed by using a C language in a Visual Studio development environment, functions of real-time checking, remote management, historical data checking and inquiring, alarm condition setting and the like of pump station operation data are realized, and a user can enter the pump station management system by logging in a computer webpage or a mobile phone APP and check the operation state of the pump station in real time; a user can set an alarm threshold value in a management system, such as a motor overload alarm threshold value and the like, and software of the application layer processes data of a pump station in real time and calculates whether an alarm condition is met;
software of the application layer needs to perform centralized management on a large number of pump stations, JSON data uploaded to a data center by the pump stations can be stored in a MySQL relational database after being analyzed, when the data volume is large, database crash can be caused, a database MongoDB is introduced, and the method is characterized by high performance, easy deployment and simple data storage flow, and can directly store the JSON data uploaded to the data center by the pump stations;
the MongoDB is used as a data cache layer, a thread is separately created for software of the application layer to poll data in the MongoDB, the data is stored in the MySQL database after being processed, and the historical data query function is realized by calling the information of the MySQL database.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108181849A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-19 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of pumping plant information intelligent monitors system |
| CN207742563U (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-08-17 | 希阿埃（广州）有限公司 | A kind of integrated prefabricated pumping plant long-distance management system |
| CN110454369A (en) * | 2019-08-17 | 2019-11-15 | 湖北科技学院 | A kind of intelligent water pump system based on Internet of Things |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN207742563U (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-08-17 | 希阿埃（广州）有限公司 | A kind of integrated prefabricated pumping plant long-distance management system |
| CN108181849A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-19 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of pumping plant information intelligent monitors system |
| CN110454369A (en) * | 2019-08-17 | 2019-11-15 | 湖北科技学院 | A kind of intelligent water pump system based on Internet of Things |
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