CN114235304A - System and method for searching leakage of mechanical penetration piece of containment vessel of nuclear power station - Google Patents
System and method for searching leakage of mechanical penetration piece of containment vessel of nuclear power station Download PDFInfo
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- CN114235304A CN114235304A CN202111478324.2A CN202111478324A CN114235304A CN 114235304 A CN114235304 A CN 114235304A CN 202111478324 A CN202111478324 A CN 202111478324A CN 114235304 A CN114235304 A CN 114235304A
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for searching leakage of a mechanical penetration piece of a containment vessel of a nuclear power station, wherein the system comprises a microphone, a signal cable and a sound frequency spectrum analysis device; the microphone is used for picking up sound around the mechanical penetrating piece and converting the sound into an electric signal; the signal cable is used for transmitting the electric signal converted by the microphone to the sound spectrum analysis device; the sound spectrum analysis device is used for recording an electric signal of a microphone, converting the electric signal into a sound spectrum signal through Fourier transform, and comparing the sound spectrum signal during the CTT test with the sound spectrum signal of the background noise at the same position recorded before the CTT test to judge whether the mechanical penetration piece has leakage. The invention does not need to enter the containment vessel for listening inspection during the CTT test, thereby avoiding the problems of personal injury and cost increase caused by special operation in a high-pressure environment, and avoiding the problem of difficult artificial listening caused by the interference of environmental noise during the listening inspection outside the artificial containment vessel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of containment vessel tightness tests of nuclear power stations, and particularly relates to a containment vessel mechanical penetration piece leakage searching system and method for a nuclear power station.
Background
The mechanical penetration is an interface with the containment vessel for the passage of mechanical tubing through the containment vessel. Referring to fig. 1, a general containment mechanical penetration is composed of a penetration, penetration isolation valves V1, V2, and a penetration isolation valve tightness test valve V3. It should be noted that fig. 1 shows only one penetration member, but an actual nuclear power plant has 50 to 100 penetration members.
The CTT (containment test) is used for simulating and verifying the sealing capability of the containment under the condition of large breach water Loss (LOCA) accident, has very important significance for guaranteeing the operation of the nuclear power plant, and needs to be carried out in the machine building stage and the machine set operation stage. During the CTT test, it is necessary to charge the containment with compressed air to the design pressure (e.g. 4.3bar. g for CPR1000 crew) and measure the containment leak.
The main leakage points of the containment vessel are a mechanical penetration valve, a mechanical penetration crack, an electrical penetration, a steel lining and the like. And if the leakage rate of the containment exceeds the standard in the CTT period, pausing the test, and checking the leakage of the CTT test. Since the 70 s in the 20 th century, the leakage inspection in the CTT test is performed by manually inspecting the leakage in the vicinity of a penetration isolation valve outside the containment (i.e., at V1 in fig. 1), and the inspection method is generally an artificial ear listening manner to inspect whether the pipeline and the valve have leakage, or when the pressure is low, a tester enters the containment listening inspection to check whether the leakage exists. The basic flow of the existing artificial listening inspection is shown in fig. 2.
However, the existing artificial listening inspection method has at least the following problems:
1) if listening to sound at the periphery of the containment, the sound is easily interfered by noise sources (such as pumps, valves and pipeline fluid noise) in the external environment;
2) if the containment listening inspection is carried out on a low-pressure platform (the second step in fig. 2), special operation (high-pressure environment operation) exists, and the problem of high cost (a professional salvage bureau is required to participate in training and the protection and navigation of a decompression chamber) exists;
3) there is a problem that the containment listening check can only be entered at the low pressure platform (second step in fig. 2), and not at the high pressure platform: since the general engineering technicians are non-professional diving operators, the general engineering technicians cannot enter the containment vessel under the condition of a platform higher than 1 bar.g; although professional divers can enter the containment at 4.2bar g, they are unfamiliar with the in-containment penetration and do not have the ability to inspect.
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a system and a method for finding a leakage of a mechanical penetration in a containment of a nuclear power plant, which can solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the nuclear power station containment vessel mechanical penetration piece leakage searching system and method are convenient to achieve and free of interference of out-of-containment noise, and the problems in the prior art are solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a leakage searching system for a mechanical penetrating piece of a containment of a nuclear power station, which comprises a microphone, a signal cable and a sound frequency spectrum analysis device, wherein the microphone is connected with the signal cable; the microphone is arranged near the mechanical penetrating piece to be checked and used for picking up sound around the mechanical penetrating piece and converting the sound into an electric signal; the signal cable is connected between the microphone and the sound frequency spectrum analysis device and is used for transmitting the electric signal converted by the microphone to the sound frequency spectrum analysis device; the sound spectrum analysis device is used for recording an electric signal of a microphone, converting the electric signal into a sound spectrum signal through Fourier transform, and comparing the sound spectrum signal during the CTT test with the sound spectrum signal of the background noise at the same position recorded before the CTT test to judge whether the mechanical penetration piece has leakage or not.
As an improvement of the mechanical penetration piece leakage search system for the containment vessel of the nuclear power plant, the sound spectrum analysis device comprises:
the conversion module is used for converting the electric signal into a sound frequency spectrum signal through Fourier transform;
the storage module is used for storing the sound spectrum signal of the background noise before the CTT test, the sound spectrum signal during the CTT test and the analysis result;
the comparison and judgment module is used for comparing the sound spectrum signal during the CTT test with the sound spectrum signal of the background noise at the same position recorded before the CTT test and judging whether the mechanical penetration piece has leakage or not; and
and the display module is used for displaying the comparison result and the judgment result.
As an improvement of the nuclear power station containment vessel mechanical penetration piece leakage searching system, the mode that the comparison judging module judges whether the mechanical penetration piece has leakage is as follows:
relative to the frequency spectrum before the CTT test, if the frequency and the amplitude of the frequency spectrum during the CTT test are not obviously changed, the leakage is considered to be basically absent;
if the frequency and/or amplitude of the spectrum during the CTT test is significantly increased relative to the spectrum before the CTT test, it is considered that the possibility of leakage is high, and a leakage prompt is issued.
As an improvement of the mechanical penetrating piece leakage searching system for the containment vessel of the nuclear power station, the microphone is arranged in the containment vessel and is positioned within 1m of the mechanical penetrating piece needing to be checked, the signal cable penetrates through the containment vessel through the cable penetrating piece, and the electric signal of the microphone is transmitted to a sound spectrum analysis device outside the containment vessel.
As an improvement of the nuclear power station containment vessel mechanical penetration piece leakage searching system, the number of the microphones is multiple, the microphones are respectively arranged near different mechanical penetration pieces, and meanwhile, sound around the multiple mechanical penetration pieces is monitored.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a method for searching for a leakage of a mechanical penetration piece of a containment vessel of a nuclear power plant, which includes the following steps:
1) installing the nuclear power station containment vessel mechanical penetration piece leakage searching system, wherein a microphone is arranged near a mechanical penetration piece to be checked, and the microphone is connected with a sound spectrum analysis device outside a containment vessel through a signal cable;
2) before the CTT test, a microphone is started, and a sound spectrum analysis device is used for recording sound spectrum signals of background noise around a mechanical penetration piece;
3) starting a CTT test, carrying out inflation operation on the containment, wherein in the process, the microphone is kept turned on, and a sound spectrum analysis device is used for continuously recording sound spectrum signals around the mechanical penetration piece;
4) after the aeration operation of the containment vessel is stopped, the sound spectrum analysis device is used for comparing the sound spectrum signals during the CTT test with the sound spectrum signals of the background noise recorded before the CTT test, and judging whether the mechanical penetration piece has leakage or not.
As an improvement of the method for searching for the leakage of the mechanical penetration piece of the containment vessel of the nuclear power station, in the step 4), the specific way of judging whether the mechanical penetration piece has leakage is as follows:
relative to the frequency spectrum before the CTT test, if the frequency and the amplitude of the frequency spectrum during the CTT test are not obviously changed, the leakage is considered to be basically absent;
if the frequency and/or amplitude of the spectrum during the CTT test is significantly increased relative to the spectrum before the CTT test, it is considered that the possibility of leakage is high, and a leakage prompt is issued.
The invention further comprises a step 5) of manually detecting the area outside the containment vessel judged as the leakage mechanical penetration piece according to the leakage prompt, carrying out key inspection on the leakage condition of the area and making appropriate correction.
The microphone is arranged in the containment and is positioned within 1m of the mechanical penetration piece needing to be checked, the signal cable penetrates through the containment through the cable penetration piece, and the electric signal of the microphone is transmitted to a sound spectrum analysis device outside the containment.
As an improvement of the nuclear power station containment vessel mechanical penetration piece leakage searching method, the number of the microphones is multiple, the microphones are respectively arranged near different mechanical penetration pieces, and meanwhile, sound around the multiple mechanical penetration pieces is monitored.
Compared with the prior art, the system and the method for searching the leakage of the mechanical penetrating piece of the containment vessel of the nuclear power station do not need to enter the containment vessel for listening inspection during the CTT test, so that the problems of personal injury (decompression sickness and the like) and cost increase caused by special operation in a high-pressure environment are solved, and the problem of difficulty in listening artificially due to interference of environmental noise during listening inspection outside the artificial containment vessel can be solved.
Drawings
The following provides a detailed description of a system and a method for finding a leakage of a mechanical penetration of a containment vessel of a nuclear power plant, which are provided by the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a containment mechanical penetration.
Fig. 2 is a basic flow chart of a conventional artificial listening inspection.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a nuclear power plant containment vessel mechanical penetration leakage finding system according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of the sound spectrum analysis apparatus in fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the operation of the method for finding the leakage of the mechanical penetration of the containment vessel of the nuclear power plant.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous technical effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In order to solve the problems of artificial listening inspection, the inventor of the present invention studied the leakage of the penetration and the sound generated during the leakage, and found that when the penetration leaks, the gas flows from the valve V2 or V3 of fig. 1 to the valve V1 through the pipeline, and that generally, the higher the pressure of the gas in the containment vessel, the larger the spectral amplitude of the sound generated during the leakage and the more high frequency components. Moreover, because the containment is a solid closed environment, the interior is powered off and water is cut off, no noise source is provided, the containment is relatively quiet, and if the leakage flow of the mechanical penetration piece changes, the sound change can be easily detected. Therefore, by using the principle that the frequency and amplitude of sound change due to the flow rate change when the mechanical penetration leaks, the sound near the mechanical penetration is collected by the microphone, and the sound spectrum before the CTT test period is compared with the sound spectrum before the CTT test period, so that the change of the sound around the microphone can be judged, and whether the penetration leaks or not can be determined. Wherein, the microphone is also called a microphone or a microphone, formally called a microphone in Chinese, and is an energy converter for converting sound into an electric signal; the frequency spectrum is a representation of a signal in a time domain in a frequency domain, and can be obtained by performing fourier transform on the signal, and the obtained results are plotted with the amplitude as the vertical axis and the frequency as the horizontal axis, that is, the information of the sine wave of each frequency can be seen.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the system for finding the leakage of the mechanical penetration piece of the containment vessel of the nuclear power plant comprises a microphone 10, a signal cable 12 and a sound frequency spectrum analysis device 14. The microphone 10 is disposed in the vicinity of the mechanical penetration 22 to be inspected, and is used for picking up sound around the mechanical penetration 22 and converting it into an electrical signal; the signal cable 12 is connected between the microphone 10 and the sound spectrum analysis device 14, and is used for transmitting the electric signal converted by the microphone 10 to the sound spectrum analysis device 14; the acoustic spectrum analyzer 14 records the electric signal of the microphone 10, converts the electric signal into an acoustic spectrum signal by fourier transform, and compares the acoustic spectrum signal during the CTT test with the acoustic spectrum signal of the noise floor at the same position recorded before the CTT test to determine whether or not the mechanical penetration 22 has a leak.
Specifically, the sound spectrum analysis device 14 includes:
a transform module 140 for transforming the electrical signal into a sound spectrum signal by fourier transform;
the storage module 142 is configured to store a sound spectrum signal of the background noise before the CTT test, a sound spectrum signal during the CTT test, and an analysis result;
the comparison and judgment module 144 is configured to compare the sound spectrum signal during the CTT test with the sound spectrum signal of the background noise at the same position recorded before the CTT test, and judge whether the mechanical penetration piece leaks; and
and a display module 146 for displaying the comparison result and the judgment result.
The way for judging whether the mechanical penetration piece has leakage by the comparison and judgment module 144 is as follows:
relative to the frequency spectrum before the CTT test, if the frequency and the amplitude of the frequency spectrum during the CTT test are not obviously changed, the leakage is considered to be basically absent;
if the frequency and/or amplitude of the spectrum during the CTT test is significantly increased relative to the spectrum before the CTT test, it is considered that the possibility of leakage is high, and a leakage prompt is issued.
To ensure the accuracy of the determination result, the microphone 10 should be disposed within 1m of the mechanical penetration 22 to be inspected.
Because the interior of the containment vessel 20 is relatively quiet, sound changes may be easily detected if the mechanical penetration 22 leakage flow changes, and therefore the microphone 10 is more suitably positioned in the containment vessel 20 near the mechanical penetration 22, the signal cable 12 is passed through the containment vessel 20 via the cable penetration 24, and the electrical signal from the microphone 10 is transmitted to the sound spectrum analysis device 14 outside the containment vessel 20.
Because each containment 20 is provided with a plurality of mechanical penetrations 22 and the sound spectrum analysis device 14 has sufficient processing capacity, the number of microphones 10 in the nuclear power plant containment mechanical penetration leakage detection system is multiple and is respectively arranged near different mechanical penetrations 22, so that the sound around the multiple mechanical penetrations 22 can be simultaneously monitored.
Referring to fig. 5, the method for searching for leakage of a mechanical penetration piece of a containment vessel of a nuclear power plant of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, installing the mechanical penetration piece leakage searching system of the nuclear power station containment vessel, namely, arranging a microphone near the mechanical penetration piece needing to be checked, and connecting the microphone with a sound spectrum analysis device outside the containment vessel through a signal cable.
Preferably, the microphone is arranged in the safety shell and is positioned within 1m of the mechanical penetrating piece needing to be checked, the signal cable penetrates through the safety shell through the cable penetrating piece, and the electric signal of the microphone is transmitted to the sound spectrum analysis device outside the safety shell.
Preferably, the number of the microphones is multiple, and the microphones are respectively arranged near different mechanical penetrating pieces, and meanwhile, the sound around the multiple mechanical penetrating pieces is monitored.
And S2, before the CTT test, starting the microphone, and recording the sound spectrum signal of the background noise around the mechanical penetration piece by using the sound spectrum analysis device. Before the CTT test, the pressure in the containment vessel is atmospheric pressure, the penetrating piece has no leakage, and the recorded sound spectrum signal is the background noise of the position of the microphone.
And S3, starting a CTT test, inflating the containment, wherein in the process, the microphone is kept turned on, and the sound spectrum analysis device is used for continuously recording sound spectrum signals around the mechanical penetration piece.
And S4, after the safety shell inflation operation is stopped, comparing the sound spectrum signal during the CTT test with the sound spectrum signal of the background noise recorded before the CTT test by using a sound spectrum analysis device, and judging whether the mechanical penetration piece has leakage or not.
Specifically, the specific way of determining whether the mechanical penetration piece has a leak in S4 is as follows:
relative to the frequency spectrum before the CTT test, if the frequency and the amplitude of the frequency spectrum during the CTT test are not obviously changed, the leakage is considered to be basically absent;
if the frequency and/or amplitude of the spectrum during the CTT test is significantly increased relative to the spectrum before the CTT test, it is considered that the possibility of leakage is high, and a leakage prompt is issued.
Further, the method for searching for the leakage of the mechanical penetration piece in the containment vessel of the nuclear power plant further comprises the step of S5, wherein according to the leakage prompt, the leakage condition of the area outside the containment vessel of the mechanical penetration piece judged to be leaked is manually checked, and appropriate correction is made, such as closing a valve.
The invention discloses a nuclear power station containment mechanical penetration piece leakage searching system and a method, which utilize the principle that when the penetration piece leaks during the CTT test, the sound frequency spectrum changes along with the change of the leakage amount to detect the leakage of the penetration piece, compared with the prior art, the system and the method have the following advantages that:
1) the method has the advantages that listening inspection is not required to be carried out when the containment vessel is in the CTT test period, the problems of personal injury (decompression sickness and the like) and cost increase caused by special operation in a high-pressure environment are solved, and the problems that special operation is caused by manual listening inspection when the containment vessel is in the containment vessel and a nuclear island cannot be accessed on a leakage rate test platform (4.2bar.g) are solved;
2) the leakage condition of the containment penetration piece can be continuously monitored;
3) the problem of difficulty in artificial listening caused by interference of environmental noise during listening inspection outside the artificial containment can be avoided.
Appropriate changes and modifications to the embodiments described above will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure and teachings of the foregoing description. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (10)
1. A nuclear power station containment mechanical penetration piece leakage searching system is characterized by comprising a microphone, a signal cable and a sound frequency spectrum analysis device; the microphone is arranged near the mechanical penetrating piece to be checked and used for picking up sound around the mechanical penetrating piece and converting the sound into an electric signal; the signal cable is connected between the microphone and the sound frequency spectrum analysis device and is used for transmitting the electric signal converted by the microphone to the sound frequency spectrum analysis device; the sound spectrum analysis device is used for recording an electric signal of a microphone, converting the electric signal into a sound spectrum signal through Fourier transform, and comparing the sound spectrum signal during the CTT test with the sound spectrum signal of the background noise at the same position recorded before the CTT test to judge whether the mechanical penetration piece has leakage or not.
2. The nuclear power plant containment mechanical penetration leak finding system as recited in claim 1, wherein the sound spectrum analysis device comprises:
the conversion module is used for converting the electric signal into a sound frequency spectrum signal through Fourier transform;
the storage module is used for storing the sound spectrum signal of the background noise before the CTT test, the sound spectrum signal during the CTT test and the analysis result;
the comparison and judgment module is used for comparing the sound spectrum signal during the CTT test with the sound spectrum signal of the background noise at the same position recorded before the CTT test and judging whether the mechanical penetration piece has leakage or not; and
and the display module is used for displaying the comparison result and the judgment result.
3. The nuclear power plant containment vessel mechanical penetration piece leakage finding system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the manner of judging whether the mechanical penetration piece has leakage by the comparison judgment module is as follows:
relative to the frequency spectrum before the CTT test, if the frequency and the amplitude of the frequency spectrum during the CTT test are not obviously changed, the leakage is considered to be basically absent;
if the frequency and/or amplitude of the spectrum during the CTT test is significantly increased relative to the spectrum before the CTT test, it is considered that the possibility of leakage is high, and a leakage prompt is issued.
4. The nuclear power plant containment mechanical penetration leak finding system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microphone is disposed in the containment and within 1m of the mechanical penetration to be inspected, the signal cable passes through the containment via the cable penetration, and the electric signal of the microphone is transmitted to a sound spectrum analysis device outside the containment.
5. The nuclear power plant containment mechanical penetration leak finding system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of microphones is plural, and the microphones are respectively arranged near different mechanical penetrations, and sound around the plural mechanical penetrations is monitored.
6. A nuclear power station containment vessel mechanical penetration piece leakage searching method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) installing the nuclear power plant containment mechanical penetration leak finding system of claim 1, comprising placing a microphone near the mechanical penetration to be inspected and connecting the microphone with an out-of-containment sound spectrum analysis device through a signal cable;
2) before the CTT test, a microphone is started, and a sound spectrum analysis device is used for recording sound spectrum signals of background noise around a mechanical penetration piece;
3) starting a CTT test, carrying out inflation operation on the containment, wherein in the process, the microphone is kept turned on, and a sound spectrum analysis device is used for continuously recording sound spectrum signals around the mechanical penetration piece;
4) after the aeration operation of the containment vessel is stopped, the sound spectrum analysis device is used for comparing the sound spectrum signals during the CTT test with the sound spectrum signals of the background noise recorded before the CTT test, and judging whether the mechanical penetration piece has leakage or not.
7. The method for searching for the leakage of the mechanical penetration in the containment vessel of the nuclear power plant as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step 4), the specific way of judging whether the mechanical penetration has the leakage is as follows:
relative to the frequency spectrum before the CTT test, if the frequency and the amplitude of the frequency spectrum during the CTT test are not obviously changed, the leakage is considered to be basically absent;
if the frequency and/or amplitude of the spectrum during the CTT test is significantly increased relative to the spectrum before the CTT test, it is considered that the possibility of leakage is high, and a leakage prompt is issued.
8. The nuclear power plant containment vessel mechanical penetration component leakage finding method as claimed in claim 7, further comprising a step 5) of manually arriving at the outside containment vessel region judged as the leaked mechanical penetration component according to the leakage prompt, performing an important inspection on the leakage condition of the region, and making an appropriate correction.
9. The nuclear power plant containment mechanical penetration leakage finding method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the microphone is arranged in the containment and is located within 1m of the mechanical penetration to be checked, the signal cable passes through the containment through the cable penetration, and the electric signal of the microphone is transmitted to a sound spectrum analysis device outside the containment.
10. The nuclear power plant containment mechanical penetration leakage finding method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the number of the microphones is multiple, the microphones are respectively arranged near different mechanical penetrations, and sound around the multiple mechanical penetrations is monitored.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102323013A (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2012-01-18 | 长沙理工大学 | Valve leakage detection device |
| CN213935668U (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-08-10 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Containment integral leakage measuring device |
| CN113720544A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-30 | 天津大学 | Weak sound wave or tiny gas leakage detection system and method |
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- 2021-12-06 CN CN202111478324.2A patent/CN114235304A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102323013A (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2012-01-18 | 长沙理工大学 | Valve leakage detection device |
| CN213935668U (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-08-10 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Containment integral leakage measuring device |
| CN113720544A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-30 | 天津大学 | Weak sound wave or tiny gas leakage detection system and method |
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