CN114234814A - Deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor and displacement monitoring system - Google Patents
Deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor and displacement monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114234814A CN114234814A CN202111297933.8A CN202111297933A CN114234814A CN 114234814 A CN114234814 A CN 114234814A CN 202111297933 A CN202111297933 A CN 202111297933A CN 114234814 A CN114234814 A CN 114234814A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 74
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 19
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor and a displacement monitoring system, which comprise a sensor unit, wherein the sensor unit comprises: a first metal sleeve; the second metal sleeve and the first metal sleeve are arranged at an interval in the axial direction; one end of the rubber column penetrates through the first metal sleeve, the other end of the rubber column penetrates through the second metal sleeve, and an exposed deformation section located in the interval between the first metal sleeve and the second metal sleeve is formed in the rubber column; the optical fiber is embedded in the rubber column along the axial direction; and the weak grating is arranged on the optical fiber. The first metal sleeve and the second metal sleeve can play a shielding role and prevent electromagnetic interference in a monitoring field environment, so that the accuracy of monitoring data is ensured, and errors are reduced; and expose the deformation section and make monitoring sensor possess the deformability, can follow displacement, subside etc. and produce deformation, can guarantee the coordinated deformation of monitoring variable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automatic monitoring, in particular to a deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor and a displacement monitoring system.
Background
At present, in multiple real-time supervision projects such as side slope slip, tunnel construction, road bed subside, bridge amount of deflection, water conservancy dam subside and side move, construction, the monitoring content mainly covers deep displacement and surface displacement to reach the early warning effect, and the suggestion feedback information, and in time eliminate the problem of potential safety hazard and construction quality, guarantee the security of the lives and property.
For example, for monitoring deep displacement, the following three methods are mainly adopted in the industry at present: firstly, the manual inclinometer is adopted, so that the automatic inclination measuring device has the advantages of mature technology and wide application range, but has the defects of time and labor consumption due to the manual operation of a measuring worker; secondly, the array displacement meter is adopted, the advantages of automatic unmanned monitoring is realized, and small-amplitude inclinometer tube torsion can be corrected, but the defect that the measurement precision is influenced by field electromagnetic interference is easy to occur; thirdly, the conventional fiber grating inclination angle tester is adopted, and the tester has the advantages of realizing automatic monitoring and being free from field electromagnetic interference, but has the defects of poor cooperative deformation capability and high monitoring cost caused by high price of a distributed demodulator.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor and a displacement monitoring system, which are used for solving the problems of time and labor consumption in operation, low measurement accuracy and poor cooperative deformability caused by electromagnetic interference in the prior art.
To achieve one or a part of or all of the above or other objects, the present invention provides a deep level displacement monitoring sensor, which includes a sensor unit, the sensor unit including:
a first metal sleeve;
a second metal sleeve axially spaced from the first metal sleeve;
one end of the rubber column penetrates through the first metal sleeve, the other end of the rubber column penetrates through the second metal sleeve, and an exposed deformation section located in the interval between the first metal sleeve and the second metal sleeve is formed on the rubber column;
the optical fiber is embedded in the rubber column along the axial direction; and
and the weak grating is arranged on the optical fiber.
In one embodiment, the outer peripheral wall of the rubber column is in close contact with the inner cylinder wall of the first metal sleeve; the peripheral wall of the rubber column is in close contact with the inner cylinder wall of the second metal sleeve.
In one embodiment, the rubber column is provided with an accommodating hole extending along the axial direction, and the optical fiber is arranged in the accommodating hole in a penetrating manner.
In one embodiment, the rubber column is provided as a solid structure.
In one embodiment, the deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor further comprises a supporting framework, the supporting framework is embedded in the rubber column, and the supporting framework is located at the position where the deformation section is exposed.
In one embodiment, the optical fiber is disposed on the support skeleton; optical fiber sets up to many, many optical fiber encloses along the hoop interval and locates support chassis's periphery.
In one embodiment, the support frame comprises a frame body, a first frame end and a second frame end, wherein the frame body is located inside the exposed deformation section, the first frame end is connected to one end of the length direction of the frame body and located inside the first metal sleeve, and the second frame end is connected to the other end of the length direction of the frame body and located inside the second metal sleeve.
In one embodiment, the first framework end and the second framework end are both provided with conical cylindrical structures, the small ends of the two conical cylindrical structures are connected with the framework body, and the large ends of the two conical cylindrical structures are far away from the framework body.
In one embodiment, the sensor units are arranged in a plurality, and the plurality of sensor units are sequentially connected in series.
A displacement monitoring system, comprising:
the deep level displacement monitoring sensor as described above;
the data acquisition equipment is in communication connection with the deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor; the communication equipment is in communication connection with the data acquisition equipment; and
and the monitoring cloud platform is in communication connection with the communication equipment.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor is composed of a sensor unit, when the deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor is used, firstly, the weak grating and the optical fiber are processed into a whole, then the whole is arranged in the rubber column, finally, the rubber column is respectively matched with the first metal sleeve and the second metal sleeve to be nested and assembled, and the first metal sleeve and the second metal sleeve are arranged at intervals to enable the part, positioned in the interval, of the rubber column to form an exposed deformation section. When the system works, the weak grating is matched with the optical fiber to measure a target, and the OFDR (optical frequency domain reflection) technology is adopted by means of weak grating demodulation, so that not only can full-automatic monitoring operation be realized, but also the overall monitoring cost is reduced; in addition, the first metal sleeve and the second metal sleeve can play a shielding role in the monitoring process, and electromagnetic interference in a monitoring field environment is prevented, so that the monitoring data precision is ensured, and errors are reduced; and expose the deformation section and make monitoring sensor possess the deformability, can follow displacement, subside etc. and produce deformation, can guarantee the coordinated deformation of monitoring variable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a structural assembly diagram of a displacement monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sensor unit according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is an internal structural view of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a right-view structural diagram of fig. 3.
Description of reference numerals:
100. a deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor; 10. a sensor unit; 11. a first metal sleeve; 12. a second metal sleeve; 13. a rubber column; 131. exposing the deformation section; 14. an optical fiber; 15. weak grating; 16. a support framework; 161. a skeleton body; 162. a first framework end; 163. a second framework end; 200. a data acquisition device; 300. a communication device; 400. and monitoring the cloud platform.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1, the displacement monitoring system according to the embodiment of the present application is applied to various different real-time monitoring projects such as slope slippage, tunnel construction, subgrade settlement, bridge deflection, water conservancy dam settlement and lateral movement, and building construction, and the monitoring contents mainly cover deep layer displacement and surface displacement to achieve an early warning effect, prompt feedback information, eliminate potential safety hazards and construction quality problems in time, and ensure life and property safety.
In this scheme, displacement monitoring system includes: the system comprises a deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor 100, a data acquisition device 200, a communication device 300 and a monitoring cloud platform 400. The data acquisition equipment 200 is in communication connection with the deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor 100; the communication equipment 300 is in communication connection with the data acquisition equipment 200; the monitoring cloud platform 400 is in communication connection with the communication device 300.
The deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor 100 is used for sensing the horizontal displacement of a monitoring target, and the data acquisition device 200 is used for acquiring monitoring data from the deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor 100 and transmitting the monitoring data to the communication device 300; the communication device 300 is configured to further transmit the monitoring data to the monitoring cloud platform 400; finally, the monitoring cloud platform 400 analyzes and manages the received monitoring data.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, a deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor 100 is shown for an embodiment of the present application, which includes a sensor unit 10, where the sensor unit 10 includes: a first metal sleeve 11, a second metal sleeve 12, a rubber column 13, an optical fiber 14 and a weak grating 15.
The second metal sleeve 12 is arranged axially spaced from the first metal sleeve 11. It will be appreciated that the first metal sleeve 11 is arranged coaxially with the second metal sleeve 12 when not subjected to external forces. When the monitoring object (such as a soil layer) is displaced, the first metal sleeve 11 and the second metal sleeve 12 are relatively dislocated or rotated, and at this time, the first metal sleeve and the second metal sleeve are no longer coaxially arranged.
Alternatively, the material used for the first metal sleeve 11 and the second metal sleeve 12 may be, but is not limited to, any one of stainless steel, copper, aluminum alloy, and the like.
One end of the rubber column 13 is inserted into the first metal sleeve 11, the other end is inserted into the second metal sleeve 12, and the rubber column 13 is formed with an exposed deformation section 131 located in the interval between the first metal sleeve 11 and the second metal sleeve 12; the optical fiber 14 is embedded in the rubber column 13 along the axial direction; the weak grating 15 is disposed on the optical fiber 14.
In summary, the implementation of the technical solution of the present embodiment has the following beneficial effects: the deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor 100 of the above scheme is specifically composed of a sensor unit 10, and when in use, firstly, the weak grating 15 and the optical fiber 14 are processed into a whole, then the whole is installed in the rubber column 13, finally, the rubber column 13 is respectively matched, nested and assembled with the first metal sleeve 11 and the second metal sleeve 12, and the first metal sleeve 11 and the second metal sleeve 12 are arranged at intervals, so that the part of the rubber column 13 in the interval forms an exposed deformation section 131. When the system works, the weak grating 15 is matched with the optical fiber 14 to measure a target, and the OFDR (optical frequency domain reflection) technology is adopted by means of demodulation of the weak grating 15, so that not only can full-automatic monitoring operation be realized, but also the overall monitoring cost is reduced; in addition, the first metal sleeve 11 and the second metal sleeve 12 can play a role in shielding in the monitoring process, and electromagnetic interference in a monitoring field environment is prevented, so that the accuracy of monitoring data is ensured, and errors are reduced; and expose deformation section 131 and make monitoring sensor possess the deformability, can follow displacement, subside etc. and produce deformation, can guarantee the coordinated deformation of monitoring variable.
The OFDR (optical frequency domain reflection technology) is a back reflection technology based on rayleigh scattering in an optical fiber 14, linear sweep light emitted by a light source is divided into two paths through a coupler, one path enters the optical fiber 14 to be detected, rayleigh scattering signals are continuously generated at each position of the optical fiber 14, signal light is back-directed and is coupled to a detector with the other path of reference light for coherent mixing. The optical fiber 14 to be measured has different positions, different optical frequencies, and different frequency differences between the signal light and the reference light. When a defect in the optical fiber 14 causes a loss as light is transmitted forward in the optical fiber 14, rayleigh scattering signals generated at different locations carry the loss information. By performing frequency detection on the rayleigh scattered signal light, the fusion point, the bend, the break point and the like along the optical fiber 14 can be accurately positioned. The OFDR technique is to implement the diagnosis of the optical fiber 14 link by the above principle.
The OFDR technique is a technique for detecting optical signals in the optical fiber 14 by using a swept-source coherent detection technique, and is not limited by contradiction between spatial resolution and dynamic range, so that the OFDR technique has the characteristics of high spatial resolution (optical measurement can reach 10 μm), large dynamic range, high test sensitivity and the like, and is suitable for short-distance high-precision monitoring fields such as optical device internal analysis, civil engineering simulation test, vehicle structure research and the like.
In addition, the weak grating 15 and the optical fiber 14 are manufactured by an online writing grating technology. In the technique, before polymer coating on the surface of the optical fiber 14, a plurality of gratings are written at one time by using a phase mask method, and the writing interval of each grating is determined according to the actual application requirement. The optical fiber 14 grating in the supporting framework 16 is kept compact through pretension, and the testing precision can be kept.
Of course, in other embodiments, the fabrication of the weak optical fiber 14 grating array can be replaced by the manual connection optical fiber 14 grating array technology and the array technology in the auxiliary stripping connection optical fiber 14 grating.
In some embodiments, the outer peripheral wall of the rubber column 13 is in close contact with the inner cylindrical wall of the first metal sleeve 11; the outer peripheral wall of the rubber column 13 is in close contact with the inner cylindrical wall of the second metal sleeve 12. So can guarantee that the equipment of rubber column 13, first metal sleeve 11 and second metal sleeve 12 is stable, joint strength is high simultaneously, guarantees that three's relative position is fixed to ensure to expose deformation section 131 and be in the interval between first metal sleeve 11 and the second metal sleeve 12 all the time, make the monitoring sensor possess good deformability.
In addition, the assembly gap can be eliminated after the close contact, and the first metal sleeve 11, the second metal sleeve 12 and the rubber column 13 are prevented from being corroded and damaged by rainwater and the like penetrating into the first metal sleeve 11 and the second metal sleeve 12.
In some embodiments, the rubber column 13 is provided with an axially extending accommodating hole, and the optical fiber 14 is inserted into the accommodating hole. Thus, the optical fiber 14 is easily attached and reliably and firmly connected to the rubber column 13.
Preferably, the rubber column 13 is a solid structure in this embodiment. The rubber column 13 is designed to be a solid structure, and besides good elastic deformation capacity, the rubber column 13 still keeps certain structural strength, and excessive deformation and even breakage are avoided when external force is applied.
In addition, on the basis of any of the above embodiments, the deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor 100 further includes a supporting framework 16, the supporting framework 16 is embedded inside the rubber column 13, and the supporting framework 16 is located at the position where the deformation section 131 is exposed. The supporting framework 16 is used for further enhancing the strength of the exposed deformation section 131 of the rubber column 13, and ensures that the deformation capability is good when the external force is applied.
The optical fiber 14 is disposed on the supporting skeleton 16. So that the optical fiber 14 can be supported by the supporting framework 16 and the installation is stable. Preferably, the optical fibers 14 are provided in a plurality, and the plurality of optical fibers 14 are circumferentially spaced around the outer circumference of the supporting framework 16. The multi-optical fiber 14 is adopted for horizontal displacement monitoring and monitoring signal transmission, the reliability is higher, and after any one optical fiber 14 is damaged, the other optical fibers 14 can still work normally.
In some embodiments, the supporting frame 16 includes a frame body 161, a first frame end 162 and a second frame end 163, the frame body 161 is located inside the exposed deformation section 131, the first frame end 162 is connected to one end of the frame body 161 in the length direction and located inside the first metal sleeve 11, and the second frame end 163 is connected to the other end of the frame body 161 in the length direction and located inside the second metal sleeve 12. Therefore, the supporting framework 16 has simple structure, easy molding and manufacturing and low cost.
It will be appreciated that the support frame 16 may be formed from a metal rod having a relatively small diameter by welding or the like. The support frame 16 in this embodiment is specifically made in the shape of a cylinder,
further, the first skeleton end 162 and the second skeleton end 163 are all set to be conical tubular structures, and the small ends of the two conical tubular structures are connected with the skeleton body 161, and the large ends of the two conical tubular structures are far away from the skeleton body 161. So, the combined area increase of first skeleton end 162 and second skeleton end 163 and rubber column 13 is connected and can be more firm, when exposing deformation section 131 and taking place bending deformation, supports the difficult emergence of skeleton 16 and shifts, guarantees the support effect to exposing deformation section 131.
Optionally, in the present embodiment, the supporting framework 16 is an iron frame with a smaller rigidity, which can deform along with the exposed deformation section 131 along with the displacement of the deep soil.
In addition, in any of the above embodiments, the sensor unit 10 is provided in plural, and the plural sensor units 10 are connected in series in sequence. Therefore, the detection sensor can obtain longer length and can reach deeper and farther monitoring targets (such as deep soil), the monitoring capability is greatly improved, and the application range is widened.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A deep level displacement monitoring sensor, comprising a sensor unit, the sensor unit comprising:
a first metal sleeve;
a second metal sleeve axially spaced from the first metal sleeve;
one end of the rubber column penetrates through the first metal sleeve, the other end of the rubber column penetrates through the second metal sleeve, and an exposed deformation section located in the interval between the first metal sleeve and the second metal sleeve is formed on the rubber column;
the optical fiber is embedded in the rubber column along the axial direction; and
and the weak grating is arranged on the optical fiber.
2. The deep level displacement monitoring sensor of claim 1, wherein the outer peripheral wall of the rubber column is in close contact with the inner cylindrical wall of the first metal sleeve; the peripheral wall of the rubber column is in close contact with the inner cylinder wall of the second metal sleeve.
3. The deep level displacement monitoring sensor of claim 1, wherein the rubber column defines an axially extending receiving hole, and the optical fiber is disposed through the receiving hole.
4. The deep level displacement monitoring sensor of claim 1, wherein the rubber column is provided as a solid structure.
5. The deep level displacement monitoring sensor of claim 1, further comprising a supporting framework, wherein the supporting framework is embedded inside the rubber column and is located at the position where the deformation section is exposed.
6. The deep level displacement monitoring sensor of claim 5, wherein the optical fiber is disposed on the support backbone; optical fiber sets up to many, many optical fiber encloses along the hoop interval and locates support chassis's periphery.
7. The deep level displacement monitoring sensor of claim 5, wherein the supporting frame comprises a frame body, a first frame end and a second frame end, the frame body is located inside the exposed deformation section, the first frame end is connected to one end of the frame body in the length direction and located inside the first metal sleeve, and the second frame end is connected to the other end of the frame body in the length direction and located inside the second metal sleeve.
8. The deep level displacement monitoring sensor of claim 7, wherein the first and second skeleton ends are each configured as a cone-cylinder structure, and wherein the small ends of the two cone-cylinder structures are connected to the skeleton body, and the large ends of the two cone-cylinder structures are disposed away from the skeleton body.
9. The deep level displacement monitoring sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the sensor unit is provided in plurality, and the plurality of sensor units are connected in series in sequence.
10. A displacement monitoring system, comprising:
a deep level shift monitoring sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 9;
the data acquisition equipment is in communication connection with the deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor;
the communication equipment is in communication connection with the data acquisition equipment; and
and the monitoring cloud platform is in communication connection with the communication equipment.
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| CN202111297933.8A CN114234814B (en) | 2021-11-04 | 2021-11-04 | Deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor and displacement monitoring system |
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| CN202111297933.8A CN114234814B (en) | 2021-11-04 | 2021-11-04 | Deep horizontal displacement monitoring sensor and displacement monitoring system |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007114176A (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2007-05-10 | Tobishima Corp | Displacement measurement device and system |
| CN101713650A (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2010-05-26 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Fiber bragg grating inclinometer and inclinometry algorithm |
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2021
- 2021-11-04 CN CN202111297933.8A patent/CN114234814B/en active Active
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| JP2007114176A (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2007-05-10 | Tobishima Corp | Displacement measurement device and system |
| CN101713650A (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2010-05-26 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Fiber bragg grating inclinometer and inclinometry algorithm |
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| Title |
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| YONG ZHENG等: ""Review of fiber optic sensors in geotechnical health monitoring"", 《OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY》, vol. 54, pages 102127 - 1 * |
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