CN114233323A - Shield tunnel forward design method, system and medium based on BIM - Google Patents
Shield tunnel forward design method, system and medium based on BIM Download PDFInfo
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- CN114233323A CN114233323A CN202111471231.7A CN202111471231A CN114233323A CN 114233323 A CN114233323 A CN 114233323A CN 202111471231 A CN202111471231 A CN 202111471231A CN 114233323 A CN114233323 A CN 114233323A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a shield tunnel forward design method, a shield tunnel forward design system and a shield tunnel forward design medium based on BIM, wherein the shield tunnel forward design method based on BIM comprises the steps of assembling an N +1 ring pipe ring on a shield forward plane of an N ring pipe ring, positioning by taking an N ring shield forward central point as a central starting point and taking a straight line of a normal vector of a plane where the N ring shield is forward as a central axis, and determining the angular rotation posture of the N +1 ring pipe ring comprises selecting a rotatable position which enables the central axis of the N +1 ring pipe ring to be closer to a three-dimensional central line of a shield from k rotatable positions. The method can obtain a high-precision shield pipe ring model, and can automatically select the optimal rotation angle by combining with the designed horizontal and longitudinal curves to calculate the optimal position of each ring, thereby designing the optimal shield tunnel pipe ring arrangement and improving the forward design quality and efficiency of the shield tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a shield tunnel design technology of water conservancy and hydropower and urban rail transit engineering, in particular to a shield tunnel forward design method, a shield tunnel forward design system and a shield tunnel forward design medium based on BIM.
Background
With the development of society, shield tunnels are increasingly used in water delivery tunnels and urban rail transit. The shield method is a fully mechanical construction method in the construction of the subsurface excavation method, which is a mechanical construction method for pushing a shield machine in the ground, preventing collapse into a tunnel by using a shield shell and duct pieces to support surrounding rocks around, excavating a soil body in front of an excavation surface by using a cutting device, transporting out of the tunnel by using an unearthing machine, pressing and jacking at the rear part by using a jack, and assembling precast concrete duct pieces to form a tunnel structure. In the shield construction process, the type of the adopted shield pipe ring determines the fitting idea of the shield curve. In order to meet the requirements of deflection and meandering correction of the shield tunnel on a curve, a wedge-shaped lining ring is designed.
The lining ring types commonly adopted internationally at present comprise the combination of a wedge-shaped lining ring and a linear lining ring, the mutual combination of a universal pipe ring and the wedge-shaped lining ring and the like. The universal pipe ring only adopts one type of wedge-shaped lining ring, and the rotating angle of the lower ring is determined by the information of a sensor of the jack in the inner ring of the shield tunneling machine during shield tunneling so that the maximum wedge amount is arranged at the longest stroke of the jack, namely, the pipe piece lining ring can rotate 360 degrees. Because it only needs a section of jurisdiction type, can reduce pipe die cost, can not cause the engineering quality problem because of the section of jurisdiction type supply is not gone up, but general section of jurisdiction assembles the degree of difficulty higher, needs experienced shield structure machine operating personnel.
Related technologies for shield tunnel creation exist at present. For example, chinese patent application No. 202110089490.7 discloses a parameterized TBM shield tunnel model building method, which includes the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: opening Revit, building a metric system self-adaptive conventional family, importing a project segment design drawing, building a self-adaptive segment family according to the drawing, and then storing the family; step two, newly building a Revit project, drawing or importing a project tunnel center line according to a design drawing, and loading the self-adaptive segment group in the step one into the project; step three, starting Dynamo, writing a TBM shield tunnel model Dynamo parameterization program file TBM tunnel and storing; and step four, adjusting design parameters, operating a TBM tunnel program file, and automatically and quickly generating a TBM shield tunnel model. Although this application provides a shield tunnel creation method, it does not provide an explicit shield route creation step. And the shield segment part is self-adaptive to the body type, so that the body type data of each segment with the same model are different, and great difficulty is brought to segment prefabrication and installation. And the parameters of each segment need to be designed separately, which is almost impossible to realize for designing drawings, prefabrication of segment factories and field installation. Most importantly, the method is in a certain degree contrary to the fitting principle of the shield route at the present stage, the existing shield design principle is completely superior to the principle in the aspects of progress, technology and economic feasibility, the operability is weak, the actual requirement cannot be met, and the overall scheme needs to be improved. For example, the application with chinese patent application No. 202011516511.0 discloses a method for implementing offset-correcting typesetting of a shield pipe ring by using Dynamo, which includes the following steps: building a Revit environment, and creating a design line under a Dynamo environment; compiling a Dynamo pipe ring creating program; compiling a Dynamo typesetting program; compiling a Dynamo shield model establishing program; typesetting and designing; and (5) deviation rectifying design. The application provides a general pipe ring creation and correction program to a certain extent, but the scheme depends on a design curve in the aspect of selecting the central line of the shield and belongs to reverse engineering. The working result is based on Revit and Dynamo, but the general quantity of linear engineering such as shield tunnels is large, a large-area coordinate system is involved, the Revit lacks support for the coordinate system, the model precision is reduced when the Revit exceeds a certain quantity, and certain defects exist in the design result.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method, a system and a medium for forward design of a shield tunnel based on BIM (building information modeling), which can assemble an N +1 th ring pipe ring on a shield forward plane of an N ring pipe ring to determine the fixed space attitude and the space angle rotation attitude of the N +1 th ring pipe ring, thereby obtaining a high-precision shield pipe ring model, and can automatically select the optimal rotation angle to calculate the optimal position of each ring by combining with a designed horizontal longitudinal curve, thereby designing the optimal arrangement of the shield tunnel pipe rings and improving the quality and the efficiency of forward design of the shield tunnel.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a shield tunnel forward design method based on BIM comprises the steps that an N +1 ring pipe ring is assembled on a shield forward plane of an N ring pipe ring, the assembly of the N +1 ring pipe ring comprises the steps of determining the fixed space attitude and the space angle rotation attitude of the N +1 ring pipe ring, the fixed space attitude of the N +1 ring pipe ring takes an N ring shield forward central point II as a central starting point, and the positioning is carried out by taking a straight line on which a normal vector of the plane where the N ring shield is located in the forward direction is located as a central axis; the method for determining the angular rotation attitude of the (N + 1) th annular pipe ring comprises the following steps: determining the number k of rotatable positions of the (N + 1) th ring pipe ring based on the number j of the positioning holes longitudinally spliced by the pipe ring, wherein k is equal to j, selecting the rotatable position which enables the central axis of the (N + 1) th ring pipe ring to be closer to the three-dimensional central line of the shield as the optimal rotatable position from the k rotatable positions of the (N + 1) th ring pipe ring, and obtaining the angular rotation posture of the (N + 1) th ring pipe ring based on the optimal rotatable position.
Optionally, the selecting the rotatable position where the central axis of the (N + 1) th annular pipe ring is closer to the three-dimensional central line of the shield means selecting the rotatable position where the included angle between the central axis of the (N + 1) th annular pipe ring and the three-dimensional central line of the shield is smallest.
Optionally, the calling step of assembling the (N + 1) th ring pipe ring on the shield forward plane of the nth ring pipe ring includes:
1) initializing a fixed space attitude, a space angle rotation attitude, a pipe ring width and the length of a three-dimensional center line of the shield tunnel of the first ring pipe ring, taking the first ring pipe ring as an initial Nth ring pipe ring, and skipping to the next step;
2) designing a shield tunnel route and a pipe ring;
3) determining an N +1 th annular pipe ring with the length being the width of the pipe ring on the basis of the N th annular pipe ring, and calling a shield forward plane of the N th annular pipe ring to assemble the N +1 th annular pipe ring;
4) judging whether the accumulated pipe ring width of the front N +1 ring pipe rings is larger than the length of the three-dimensional central line of the shield tunnel or not, and if so, judging that the forward design of the shield tunnel is finished; otherwise, taking the (N + 1) th ring as a new N ring, and skipping to the step 3).
Optionally, after the forward design of the shield tunnel is determined to be completed in step 3), obtaining a fitted three-dimensional center line of the shield tunnel arrangement obtained after the design is completed, and determining whether the fitted three-dimensional center line of the shield tunnel is feasible relative to the designed three-dimensional center line, if feasible, determining that the shield tunnel arrangement obtained after the design is completed meets the design requirement, otherwise, determining that the shield tunnel arrangement obtained after the design is completed does not meet the design requirement, and skipping to execute step 2) to adjust and optimize the shield tunnel route design and the pipe ring design.
Optionally, the step of designing the shield tunnel route includes:
A1) acquiring a shield interval terrain, and creating a shield interval terrain curved surface according to the shield interval terrain;
A2) designing a plane line and a longitudinal curve of the shield tunnel according to the terrain curved surface of the shield interval;
A3) establishing a three-dimensional central line of the shield tunnel according to the designed plane line and longitudinal curve of the shield tunnel;
A4) obtaining the starting point coordinate (x) of the three-dimensional central line of the shield tunnel0,y0,z0) And deriving a three-dimensional center line of the shield tunnel;
A5) coordinate (x) of starting point of three-dimensional center line of shield tunnel0,y0,z0) And moving to the position of the space origin (0,0,0) so as to obtain the three-dimensional central line of the shield tunnel after the coordinates are converted.
Optionally, the step of designing the pipe ring comprises:
B1) respectively creating inner and outer circle side lines of the pipe ring based on the set pipe ring radius r and the set pipe piece thickness d, normally stretching the inner and outer circle side lines by the length corresponding to the initial thickness according to the parameters of the inner and outer circle side lines and the initial thickness to form an envelope curved surface, and finishing the creation of a skeleton model of the pipe ring by combining closed planes at two ends;
B2) respectively modeling the wedge-shaped quantity, the positioning holes and the parting on the basis of the framework model of the pipe ring, and integrating the framework model of the pipe ring and models obtained by modeling the wedge-shaped quantity, the positioning holes and the parting to obtain a model of the pipe ring;
wherein the modeling step of the wedge quantity comprises the following steps: determining the thickness of the thickest end of the corresponding pipe ring to be h-g at the thinnest part based on the set wedge amount g and the pipe ring thickness h, and creating a circumferential point for controlling the wedge amount of the pipe ring by using four nodes p1(0,0,0), p2(0,0, h), p3(0, r + d, g/2) and p4(0, r + d, h-g/2); respectively taking four nodes p1(0,0,0), p2(0,0, h), p3(0, r + d, g/2) and p4(0, r + d, h-g/2) as px, creating a line segment (px, vector.YAxis and r + d) parallel to the Y axis based on the four nodes p 1-p 4 by starting from the four nodes p 1-p 4, wherein the vector.YAxis represents the direction of the line segment, the r + d represents the length of the line segment, and finally creating a cutting plane through the spatial relationship of the line segment to complete the creation of the wedge-shaped quantity model;
wherein, the modeling step of the positioning hole comprises the following steps: based on the set bolt connecting rod arc radius r1, bolt connecting rod center arc length r2 and bolt connecting rod radius r3, a circle c1 is created on a designated plane1 by taking the bolt connecting rod arc radius r1 as a radius, a connecting rod path arc c2 is created according to the bolt connecting rod center arc length r2 and the bolt connecting rod radius r3, and a connecting rod entity taking the circle c1 as a contour is formed by sweeping by taking the connecting rod path arc c2 as a sweeping path; establishing a bolt hand hole entity according to the similar codes and the data relation between the hand hole and the connecting rod, converting the spatial position, placing the bolt hand hole entity at a corresponding three-dimensional position, and performing Boolean difference set operation to complete model establishment of the positioning hole;
wherein, the step of modeling the split comprises the following steps: loading the longitudinal seam parameterized outline based on the set circular seam and longitudinal seam parameterized outline, converting the longitudinal seam parameterized outline into a closed multi-segment line which can be read by a program, setting an independent coordinate system at a corresponding position on the closed multi-segment line, converting the seam parting outline to a corresponding seam parting position, generating a seam parting entity through sweeping, and finally performing Boolean difference set operation to complete the model creation of the seam.
Optionally, after it is determined that the shield tunnel arrangement obtained after the design is completed meets the design requirements, further creating and designing an auxiliary model of the shield tunnel on the basis of the shield tunnel arrangement obtained after the design is completed, where the auxiliary model of the shield tunnel includes at least one of a mounting bolt, a cable rack, and a rail of the shield tunnel, so as to obtain a complete shield tunnel model.
Optionally, after the complete shield tunnel model is obtained, the method further includes a step of correcting the overall spatial position of the shield region to avoid the problem of position distortion under a large-area coordinate system.
In addition, the present embodiment also provides a BIM-based shield tunnel forward design system, which includes a microprocessor and a memory connected to each other, where the microprocessor is programmed or configured to execute the steps of the BIM-based shield tunnel forward design method.
In addition, the present embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored therein for being programmed or configured by computer equipment to execute the BIM-based shield tunnel forward design method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention mainly has the following advantages: in the process of deflection and snaking deviation correction of the shield tunnel on the curve, wedge-shaped lining rings are usually designed to carry out spatial assembly for fitting, so that a required spatial curve is simulated. The lining ring types commonly adopted internationally at present comprise the combination of a wedge-shaped lining ring and a linear lining ring, the mutual combination of a universal pipe ring and the wedge-shaped lining ring and the like. And when the actual shield is propelled, determining the lining type of the next ring according to the arrangement diagram and the current construction error. Because the adopted lining ring type is not completely determined, certain difficulty is brought to the segment supply. The problem cannot be caused due to the fact that only one type of the universal pipe ring is adopted, but the universal pipe ring is high in assembling difficulty and the spatial position of each ring needs to be accurately optimized. The method for forward design of the shield tunnel based on the BIM comprises the steps of assembling an N +1 ring pipe ring on a shield forward plane of an N ring pipe ring, positioning by taking an N ring shield forward central point as a central starting point and taking a straight line of a normal vector of a plane where the N ring shield is forward as a central axis according to the fixed space posture of the N +1 ring pipe ring, and selecting a rotatable position which enables the central axis of the N +1 ring pipe ring to be closer to the three-dimensional central line of the shield from k rotatable positions. According to the invention, the (N + 1) th ring pipe ring can be assembled on the shield forward plane of the (N) th ring pipe ring to determine the fixed space attitude and the space angle rotation attitude of the (N + 1) th ring pipe ring, the automatically generated three-dimensional space arrangement of the shield tunnel enables each ring space attitude to be placed at the optimal position through accurate calculation, so that a high-precision shield pipe ring model (BIM) is obtained, the optimal position of each ring can be calculated by combining with the design of a horizontal longitudinal curve and automatically selecting the optimal rotation angle, so that the optimal shield tunnel pipe ring arrangement is designed, and the forward design quality and efficiency of the shield tunnel are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the forward center point of the N-th ring shield and all the positioning points of the N + 1-th ring in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optimal positioning position of the N +1 th collar ring in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is an interface schematic diagram of a forward arrangement design program of the shield tunnel in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a forward direction arrangement model of a shield tunnel obtained in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a complete design and optimization process in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a parameter input interface of a pipe ring model design program according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of correcting the overall spatial position of the shield zone according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the forward design method of the shield tunnel based on the BIM in this embodiment includes assembling an N +1 th ring pipe ring on a shield forward plane of an nth ring pipe ring, and the assembling of the N +1 th ring pipe ring includes determining a fixed spatial attitude and a spatial angle rotation attitude of the N +1 th ring pipe ring, and the fixed spatial attitude of the N +1 th ring pipe ring is determined by using an nth ring shield forward central point (second) as a central starting point and using a straight line (third) of a normal vector of a plane where the nth ring shield forward is located as a central axis for positioning; the method for determining the angular rotation attitude of the (N + 1) th annular pipe ring comprises the following steps: determining the number k of rotatable positions of the (N + 1) th ring pipe ring based on the number j of the positioning holes longitudinally spliced by the pipe ring, wherein k is equal to j, selecting the rotatable position which enables the central axis of the (N + 1) th ring pipe ring to be closer to the three-dimensional central line of the shield as the optimal rotatable position from the k rotatable positions of the (N + 1) th ring pipe ring, and obtaining the angular rotation posture of the (N + 1) th ring pipe ring based on the optimal rotatable position.
In fig. 1 and 2, the forward surface of the nth ring shield (and the backward surface of the (N + 1) th ring shield) is shown; secondly, the forward central point of the N-th ring shield (the positioning point of the N + 1-th ring at the same time) is determined; thirdly, a straight line (simultaneously, an N +1 ring rotating shaft) where the normal vector of the forward surface of the N ring shield is located; the center of a circle where all positioning points of the (N + 1) th ring are located; the possible position of the central axis section of the (N + 1) th ring; sixthly, the possible position of the forward central point of the N + 1-th ring shield and the circumference of a circle where the forward central point is located are obtained; seventhly, designing a central line for a shield route; the optimal position of the forward central point of the N +1 th ring shield; ninthly, the forward surface of the N +1 th ring shield (the backward surface of the N +2 th ring shield). In the embodiment, the (N + 1) th annular pipe ring is assembled on the shield forward plane of the (N) th annular pipe ring by adopting a windowing control program based on a comparison and selection calculation principle. The (N + 1) th ring is spliced on a forward shield plane (i) of the (N) th ring, the plane is a spatial plane with an inclined angle, and a central point of the (N + 1) th ring in the backward direction of the shield needs to be superposed with a central point of the (N) th ring in the forward direction of the shield. Thus, the fixed spatial attitude of the (N + 1) th ring is: and positioning by taking the forward central point (II) of the Nth ring shield as a central starting point and taking the straight line (III) of the normal vector of the plane where the Nth ring shield is forward as a central axis. The N +1 ring space angle rotation attitude determination method comprises the following steps: the number j of the positioning holes longitudinally spliced by each pipe ring is a fixed value, the number k of the rotatable positions (i.e., the N +1 th ring) is also a fixed value, and k is equal to j. Therefore, when the (N + 1) th ring rotates, the direction of the multi-segment line where the central axis is located has k optional results, but there is always a space position to make the central axis of the (N + 1) th ring closer to the three-dimensional central line of the shield (i.e. the included angle between the central axis and the three-dimensional central line is minimum), and at this time, the space position of the (N + 1) th ring is the space optimal attitude position, i.e. the space positioning of the (N + 1) th ring is completed. Similarly, the (N + 2) th ring is continuously assembled according to the (N + 1) th ring thought, and the subsequent pipe rings are continuously assembled according to the thought until all the arrangement of the shield interval is completed.
As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment, the rotatable position w where the central axis of the (N + 1) th annular pipe ring is closer to the three-dimensional central line of the shield is selected is the rotatable position w where the included angle between the central axis of the (N + 1) th annular pipe ring and the three-dimensional central line of the shield is smallest.
In this embodiment, the step of assembling the (N + 1) th ring pipe ring on the shield forward plane of the nth ring pipe ring includes:
1) initializing a fixed space attitude, a space angle rotation attitude, a pipe ring width and the length of a three-dimensional center line of the shield tunnel of the first ring pipe ring, taking the first ring pipe ring as an initial Nth ring pipe ring, and skipping to the next step;
2) designing a shield tunnel route and a pipe ring;
3) determining an N +1 th annular pipe ring with the length being the width of the pipe ring on the basis of the N th annular pipe ring, and calling a shield forward plane of the N th annular pipe ring to assemble the N +1 th annular pipe ring;
4) judging whether the accumulated pipe ring width of the front N +1 ring pipe rings is larger than the length of the three-dimensional central line of the shield tunnel or not, and if so, judging that the forward design of the shield tunnel is finished; otherwise, taking the (N + 1) th ring as a new N ring, and skipping to the step 3).
The method is realized by adopting a windowing control program (named as a forward arrangement Design program of the shield tunnel) based on BIM software (particularly Revit software in the embodiment), the windowing control program is created and mainly written based on Design script language and Python under Dynamo, and input parameters comprise a shield three-dimensional central line, pipe ring width, wedge amount, pipe ring diameter, pipe ring family and the like. When the (N + 1) th annular pipe ring is assembled on the shield forward plane (r) of the (N) th annular pipe ring, a function for defining the space attitude positioning of a single annular pipe ring is defined as follows:
guanhua 1 (locating point of the ring, normal vector of the ring, width of the pipe ring, wedge-shaped amount of the pipe ring, diameter of the shield pipe ring, starting surface of the ring, semi-minor axis direction of the ring, rotation reference point of the ring, number of bolts, whether to allow through-seam, shield route, segment family, and cumulative amount of pipe ring width);
based on a function guanhua 1, combining the spatial attitude after the nth ring positioning, assembling an N +1 th ring pipe ring on a shield forward plane (r) of the nth ring pipe ring, and calculating and outputting N +1 th ring positioning data.
The central line of the shield design is a three-dimensional curve, and the shield path assembled by the shield pipe rings can be regarded as a three-dimensional multi-segment line combined by the central lines of the pipe rings, so that the nodes of each three-dimensional multi-segment line are closer to the central line through the function guanhuan1 calculation in the embodiment, and the optimal three-dimensional arrangement of the shield interval can be completed. And designing a flat curve, a longitudinal curve and a center line of the shield in an interactive design dynamic updating mode according to the shield planning line, extracting center line data to convert a space coordinate, and introducing the space coordinate into a shield arrangement program for use. And loading the created universal pipe ring and the derived shield design center line, setting data in a windowed interface and operating the created automatic pipe ring arrangement program, so that the three-dimensional arrangement of the pipe rings in the shield interval can be completed and the BIM model of the pipe rings can be created. In this embodiment, the calling function for assembling the (N + 1) th ring pipe ring on the shield forward plane of the nth ring pipe ring is defined as:
mainshift (positioning point of the ring, normal vector of the ring, width of the pipe ring, wedge-shaped amount of the pipe ring, diameter of the shield pipe ring, starting surface of the ring, semi-minor axis direction of the ring, rotation reference point of the ring, number of bolts, whether to allow through-seam, shield route, segment family and segment width cumulative amount);
the function mainshift is a main function of the forward arrangement design program of the shield tunnel. And calling a function guanhuan1 for data input and output calculation of each ring by the function mainshift aiming at each (N + 1) th ring pipe ring, wherein the obtained result comprises a ring positioning point, a ring normal vector, a ring starting surface, a ring rotation reference point and the semi-minor axis direction of the ring, storing the result in a list result _ list, judging according to the pipe ring width of each ring and the accumulated pipe ring width as a reference and the three-dimensional central line length of the shield tunnel, jumping out a loop when the accumulated length exceeds the central line length, and finishing the forward arrangement design of the shield interval. And finally outputting the list result _ list as a final result. And after data returned from the list result _ list are obtained, the local ring positioning point, the local ring normal vector and the local ring rotation reference point are independently extracted, the space positioning posture of the universal pipe ring is determined according to the space relation of the local ring positioning point, the local ring normal vector and the local ring rotation reference point, and the space positioning posture of the universal pipe ring is used as a space positioning basis of the universal pipe ring, so that the establishment of the forward arrangement model of the shield tunnel is completed. Fig. 3 is an interface schematic diagram of a shield tunnel forward arrangement design program in an embodiment of the present invention, the shield tunnel forward arrangement design program is called on a Revit interface, a modified three-dimensional center line is selected in a design window, parameters such as pipe ring width, wedge amount, pipe ring diameter, and the like are input, a corresponding general pipe ring family is selected, and a forward arrangement design of a conventional shield zone can be completed in about 3 minutes by clicking operation, and fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a shield tunnel forward arrangement model obtained in this embodiment.
As shown in fig. 5, after determining that the forward design of the shield tunnel is completed in step 3), the method further includes obtaining a fitted three-dimensional center line of the shield tunnel arrangement obtained after the design is completed, and determining whether the fitted three-dimensional center line of the shield tunnel is feasible relative to the designed three-dimensional center line, if feasible, determining that the shield tunnel arrangement obtained after the design is completed meets the design requirement, otherwise, determining that the shield tunnel arrangement obtained after the design is completed does not meet the design requirement, and performing step 2) to adjust and optimize the shield tunnel route design and the pipe ring design.
As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment, the shield tunnel route design is implemented by Civil 3D. As shown in the left-hand flow of fig. 5, the step of designing the shield tunnel route includes:
A1) acquiring a shield interval terrain, and creating a shield interval terrain curved surface according to the shield interval terrain; and acquiring an electronic topographic map according to the shield interval, and creating an original topographic curved surface of the shield interval by using a Civil 3D curved surface function and combining topographic information such as contour lines, topographic points and the like in the electronic topographic map, so as to provide a design basis for designing a flat curve and a vertical curve of the shield interval.
A2) Designing a plane line and a longitudinal curve of the shield tunnel according to the terrain curved surface of the shield interval;
and calling a route creating tool according to a route creating function in Civil 3D creating design, and drawing a straight line, a circular curve and a transition curve by using a route creating tool panel according to the requirement of a shield interval. And customizing a drawing pattern designed by the related plane line by combining professional drawing standards so as to meet the plane drawing requirement. And calling a vertical section creating tool according to a vertical section creating function in Civil 3D creating design, and drawing a vertical section by using the vertical section creating tool according to the shield interval requirement and the ground line vertical section data. And customizing a longitudinal section diagram style set according to the drawing standard, and drawing a longitudinal section diagram according to corresponding requirements to obtain a longitudinal curve design.
A3) Establishing a three-dimensional central line of the shield tunnel according to the designed plane line and longitudinal curve of the shield tunnel;
after the design of the horizontal and vertical curves of the shield tunnel is finished, the cross section containing the central point of the shield tunnel is customized and assembled. And generating a conceptual design model of the shield tunnel and a three-dimensional center line of the shield tunnel by using the road function in the creation design and combining the design of a flat curve, a longitudinal curve and a cross section assembly.
A4) Obtaining the starting point coordinate (x) of the three-dimensional central line of the shield tunnel0,y0,z0) And deriving a three-dimensional center line of the shield tunnel;
A5) coordinate (x) of starting point of three-dimensional center line of shield tunnel0,y0,z0) And moving to the position of the space origin (0,0,0) so as to obtain the three-dimensional central line of the shield tunnel after the coordinates are converted. And extracting the three-dimensional central line of the shield tunnel according to the Civil 3D data extraction function. After the central line is extracted, the coordinates (x) of the starting point of the central line are obtained0,y0,z0) And moving the central line starting point to the position of the space origin (0,0,0) by using a moving function, and exporting the three-dimensional central line coordinate points with converted positions and encrypted quantity for standby.
As an alternative implementation, in this embodiment, the pipe ring Design is based on Design script scripting language and Python in Dynamo to write and create a general pipe ring automatic generation program. The universal pipe ring can be regarded as a cylinder with inclined upper and lower bottom surfaces in space, a shield curve close to a designed three-dimensional curve is simulated through space fitting, data such as the radius, the width, the thickness, the wedge-shaped quantity, the hand holes, the hoisting holes, the longitudinal joints, the transverse joints and the like of the pipe piece are visually programmed according to the characteristics of the shield curve, a windowed control program is formed, quick modeling of similar pipe pieces is achieved, and the establishment of a pipe ring basic model can be completed only by modifying design data on a window interface. And after the pipe ring basic model is established, importing Revit addition space self-adaptive points to complete the establishment of the general pipe ring model family. The program code module of the automatic generation program of the universal pipe ring mainly comprises: the device comprises a pipe ring body creating module, a wedge amount creating module, a bolt hole creating module, a parting creating module and the like. Through the mutual cooperation among all the modules, the input design data is read, and the design and the model creation of the universal pipe ring are automatically completed. As shown in the right-hand portion of the flow chart of fig. 5, the steps of the pipe ring design include:
B1) respectively creating inner and outer circle side lines of the pipe ring based on the set pipe ring radius r and the set pipe piece thickness d, normally stretching the inner and outer circle side lines by the length corresponding to the initial thickness according to the parameters of the inner and outer circle side lines and the initial thickness to form an envelope curved surface, and finishing the creation of a skeleton model of the pipe ring by combining closed planes at two ends; in this embodiment, the pipe ring creation module is configured to complete creation of a skeleton model of a pipe ring, and core codes and ideas of the pipe ring creation module are as follows: the input information is the pipe ring radius r and the pipe piece thickness d, and the use is as follows:
Circle.ByCenterPointRadius(Point.ByCoordinates(0,0,0),d)，
Circle.ByCenterPointRadius(Point.ByCoordinates(0,0,0),r+d)，
respectively establishing inner and outer circular side lines of the pipe ring, using design script. Curve. Extrude to carry out normal stretching on the inner and outer circular side lines to form an envelope curved surface, finally combining closed planes at two ends to complete establishment of a pipe ring framework model, and expanding subsequent wedge amount, bolt holes, parting joints and model integration conversion on the basis.
B2) Respectively modeling the wedge-shaped quantity, the positioning holes and the parting on the basis of the framework model of the pipe ring, and integrating the framework model of the pipe ring and models obtained by modeling the wedge-shaped quantity, the positioning holes and the parting to obtain a model of the pipe ring;
wherein the modeling step of the wedge quantity comprises the following steps: determining the thickness of the thickest end of the corresponding pipe ring to be h-g at the thinnest part based on the set wedge amount g and the pipe ring thickness h, and creating a circumferential point for controlling the wedge amount of the pipe ring by using four nodes p1(0,0,0), p2(0,0, h), p3(0, r + d, g/2) and p4(0, r + d, h-g/2); respectively taking four nodes p1(0,0,0), p2(0,0, h), p3(0, r + d, g/2) and p4(0, r + d, h-g/2) as px, creating a line segment (px, vector.YAxis and r + d) parallel to the Y axis based on the four nodes p 1-p 4 by starting from the four nodes p 1-p 4, wherein the vector.YAxis represents the direction of the line segment, the r + d represents the length of the line segment, and finally creating a cutting plane through the spatial relationship of the line segment to complete the creation of the wedge-shaped quantity model; in this embodiment, the wedge amount creating module is configured to complete modeling of a wedge amount, and the core code and the creating idea of the wedge amount creating module are as follows: the input information is the wedge-shaped amount g and the thickness h of the pipe ring, and the thickness of the thinnest part of the corresponding pipe ring with the thickest end h is h-g. The circumferential points that control the amount of the tube ring wedge are created using the nodes p1 ═ point.bycodings (0,0,0), p2 ═ point.bycodings (0,0, h), p3 ═ point.bycodings (0, r + d, g/2), p4 ═ point.bycodings (0, r + d, h-g/2). A line segment based on p1-4 parallel to the Y axis was created using line.bystartpointdirection length (px, vector.yaxis, r + d) (px sequentially replacing p1, p2, p3, p 4). And finally, creating a cutting plane through the spatial relation of the line segments to finish the creation and the endowment of the wedge-shaped quantity.
Wherein, the modeling step of the positioning hole comprises the following steps: based on the set bolt connecting rod arc radius r1, bolt connecting rod center arc length r2 and bolt connecting rod radius r3, a circle c1 is created on a designated plane1 by taking the bolt connecting rod arc radius r1 as a radius, a connecting rod path arc c2 is created according to the bolt connecting rod center arc length r2 and the bolt connecting rod radius r3, and a connecting rod entity taking the circle c1 as a contour is formed by sweeping by taking the connecting rod path arc c2 as a sweeping path; establishing a bolt hand hole entity according to the similar codes and the data relation between the hand hole and the connecting rod, converting the spatial position, placing the bolt hand hole entity at a corresponding three-dimensional position, and performing Boolean difference set operation to complete model establishment of the positioning hole; in this embodiment, the positioning hole creating module is configured to complete modeling of a positioning hole (bolt hole), and the core code and the creating idea of the positioning hole creating module are as follows: the input information is bolt link arc radius r1, bolt link center arc length r2, and bolt link radius r 3. Circle c1 where a bolt hole radius circle is located is created on a plane by circle, ByPlaneradius (plane1, r1), a connecting rod path arc c2 is created by combining r3 and r2, and a connecting rod entity with c1 as a contour is formed by sweeping according to a path c2 by using Autodesk, solid, BySweep (c1, c 2). The bolt hand hole entity is created according to the similar codes and the data relation of the hand hole and the connecting rod. And finally, performing space position conversion through geometry.
Wherein, the step of modeling the split comprises the following steps: loading the longitudinal seam parameterized outline based on the set circular seam and longitudinal seam parameterized outline, converting the longitudinal seam parameterized outline into a closed multi-segment line which can be read by a program, setting an independent coordinate system at a corresponding position on the closed multi-segment line, converting the seam parting outline to a corresponding seam parting position, generating a seam parting entity through sweeping, and finally performing Boolean difference set operation to complete the model creation of the seam. In this embodiment, the split creation module is configured to complete split modeling, and the core code and the creation idea of the split creation module are as follows: the input information is the circular seam and longitudinal seam parametric contour. The longitudinal seam parametric contour is loaded and then converted into a program-readable closed multi-segment line through an element. Setting an independent coordinate system at a corresponding position by using a TangentAndCordinateSystem node, transforming a split contour line to a corresponding split position by using a geometry transform node, generating a split entity by using a solid BySweep node for sweeping, and finally performing Boolean difference operation to finish the pipe ring split creation.
In addition, on the basis of the framework model of the pipe ring, other related modules may be included, and the expansion principles of the other related modules and the modules are similar and are not described in detail again. Through the above process, the general pipe ring model creation program is completed, and each module is grouped and identified for subsequent maintenance, use and expansion. Clicking and calling on a Revit interface, namely opening a parameter setting window of the universal pipe ring design, inputting the required parameters, then clicking and operating, and finishing the design and creation of the pipe ring model within 1 minute, wherein an input interface is shown in figure 6, the left side is a rendering area, and the right side is a parameter input area.
In this embodiment, through step 3), the relationship between the center line of the forward design arrangement fitting and the design three-dimensional center line can be checked according to the derived data after the shield design is completed, then the flat curve and the vertical curve of the line are optimized according to other standard requirements, line adjustment can be completed by dynamic updating of Civil 3D, the loop parameters can be continuously optimized according to the design condition, and the design optimization work can be quickly completed by continuously loading and operating after the optimization.
After the optimization of the universal pipe ring is completed, the deepening design of bolt installation, cable racks, rails and the like can be continuously carried out according to the size relation of the universal pipe ring. As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment, after it is determined that the shield tunnel arrangement obtained after the design meets the design requirements, the method further includes creating and designing an auxiliary model of the shield tunnel on the basis of the shield tunnel arrangement obtained after the design, where the auxiliary model of the shield tunnel includes at least one of a mounting bolt, a cable frame, and a track of the shield tunnel, so as to obtain a complete shield tunnel model. The loading interface where the auxiliary model is left in the forward configuration design program of the shield tunnel in this embodiment can be called at any time, and the creation and design of the relevant auxiliary model are not described again.
In this embodiment, after obtaining the complete shield tunnel model, the method further includes the step of correcting the overall spatial position of the shield region to avoid the problem of position distortion under the large-area coordinate system. The space position correction of the whole shield interval in the embodiment means that: as shown in fig. 7, after the model is created, the project base point and the measurement point of Revit are called, and the position of the measurement point remains unchanged, that is, the coordinate of the measurement point is (0,0, 0); and unlocking the project base point, and moving to the starting point of the three-dimensional center line of the shield tunnel for locking. After confirming that the item base point is locked, the three-dimensional central line starting point coordinate (x) acquired in Civil 3D is obtained0,y0,z0) And the spatial position of the whole shield interval is corrected after the data is input into the project base point, so that the problem of position distortion under a large-area coordinate system is solved.
To sum up, the method of the embodiment is developed based on the principles of object-oriented, interactive design, windowing, modularization and visualization, and a set of complete shield tunnel forward design method based on the BIM is provided in order to solve the problem of high difficulty in arranging and assembling pipe rings when a universal pipe ring is adopted. The method comprises the steps of carrying out shield route interactive design and route space position processing by Civil 3D, carrying out universal pipe ring design by a windowing control program, and carrying out forward arrangement design of the shield tunnel by the windowing control program. In order to solve the decision problem between the lining ring and the universal ring in the comparison and selection of the current shield scheme, the embodiment provides a forward design method for the universal pipe ring shield, so that the problems of uncertainty in the adoption of the type of the lining ring and the supply and assembly quality of the pipe piece are avoided. Based on the method, a Civil 3D-based shield route creating process, a windowing-controllable pipe ring generating program and a shield forward design and arrangement program are provided. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the building principle is different although the method also has similar pipe ring building and typesetting programs, the pipe ring connecting bolt function is realized, the method is operated by the visual window, the design can be completed only by modifying parameters, and the threshold is lower relatively. The embodiment provides a processing method related to the large-area coordinates, and solves the problem of accuracy distortion of automatic arrangement of large-area shields. The method is developed based on the design direction, a whole set of thought forward design method is provided, forward design and arrangement of the shield interval pipe ring are finished from route design to pipe ring parameter design, and relevant design parameters can be optimized through forward design and arrangement results to continuously optimize. Compared with the prior art, the method of the embodiment has the advantages that: (1) a forward design and arrangement method is provided for a universal pipe ring shield, so that the problems of uncertainty in the adoption of a lining ring type and the supply and assembly quality of pipe pieces are avoided. (2) The method combines the existing shield principle and has strong operability. (3) A windowed design method is provided, and the design comparison and selection efficiency of the shield interval design scheme is accelerated. (4) The problem of accuracy distortion of shield design in a large area by the conventional scheme is solved. (5) The forward design result can be continuously optimized according to the shield interval. (6) A whole set of universal pipe ring forward design and arrangement method is provided.
In addition, the present embodiment also provides a BIM-based shield tunnel forward design system, which includes a microprocessor and a memory connected to each other, where the microprocessor is programmed or configured to execute the steps of the aforementioned BIM-based shield tunnel forward design method.
In addition, the present embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, the computer program being programmed or configured by a computer device to execute the aforementioned BIM-based shield tunnel forward design method.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-readable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein. The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A shield tunnel forward design method based on BIM is characterized by comprising the steps of assembling an N +1 ring pipe ring on a shield forward plane of an N ring pipe ring, wherein the assembling of the N +1 ring pipe ring comprises the steps of determining a fixed space attitude and a space angle rotation attitude of the N +1 ring pipe ring, and the fixed space attitude of the N +1 ring pipe ring takes an N ring shield forward central point II as a central starting point and takes a straight line on which a normal vector of a plane on which the N ring shield forward is positioned as a central axis for positioning; the method for determining the angular rotation attitude of the (N + 1) th annular pipe ring comprises the following steps: determining the number k of rotatable positions of the (N + 1) th ring pipe ring based on the number j of the positioning holes longitudinally spliced by the pipe ring, wherein k is equal to j, selecting the rotatable position which enables the central axis of the (N + 1) th ring pipe ring to be closer to the three-dimensional central line of the shield as the optimal rotatable position from the k rotatable positions of the (N + 1) th ring pipe ring, and obtaining the angular rotation posture of the (N + 1) th ring pipe ring based on the optimal rotatable position.
2. The forward design method of a shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the selecting of the rotatable position in which the central axis of the (N + 1) th annular pipe ring is closer to the three-dimensional central line of the shield means selecting of the rotatable position in which the included angle between the central axis of the (N + 1) th annular pipe ring and the three-dimensional central line of the shield is minimized.
3. The BIM-based shield tunnel forward design method of claim 1, wherein the calling step of assembling the (N + 1) th ring pipe ring on the shield forward plane (r) of the (N) th ring pipe ring comprises:
1) initializing a fixed space attitude, a space angle rotation attitude, a pipe ring width and the length of a three-dimensional center line of the shield tunnel of the first ring pipe ring, taking the first ring pipe ring as an initial Nth ring pipe ring, and skipping to the next step;
2) designing a shield tunnel route and a pipe ring;
3) determining an N +1 th annular pipe ring with the length being the width of the pipe ring on the basis of the N th annular pipe ring, and calling a shield forward plane of the N th annular pipe ring to assemble the N +1 th annular pipe ring;
4) judging whether the accumulated pipe ring width of the front N +1 ring pipe rings is larger than the length of the three-dimensional central line of the shield tunnel or not, and if so, judging that the forward design of the shield tunnel is finished; otherwise, taking the (N + 1) th ring as a new N ring, and skipping to the step 3).
4. The BIM-based shield tunnel forward design method of claim 3, wherein after judging that the forward design of the shield tunnel is completed in step 3), the method further comprises the steps of obtaining a fitted three-dimensional center line of the shield tunnel arrangement obtained after the design is completed, judging whether the fitted three-dimensional center line of the shield tunnel is feasible relative to the designed three-dimensional center line, if so, judging that the shield tunnel arrangement obtained after the design meets the design requirements, otherwise, judging that the shield tunnel arrangement obtained after the design does not meet the design requirements, and skipping to execute step 2) to adjust and optimize the shield tunnel route design and the pipe ring design.
5. The BIM-based shield tunnel forward design method of claim 3, wherein the shield tunnel route design step comprises:
A1) acquiring a shield interval terrain, and creating a shield interval terrain curved surface according to the shield interval terrain;
A2) designing a plane line and a longitudinal curve of the shield tunnel according to the terrain curved surface of the shield interval;
A3) establishing a three-dimensional central line of the shield tunnel according to the designed plane line and longitudinal curve of the shield tunnel;
A4) obtaining the starting point coordinate (x) of the three-dimensional central line of the shield tunnel0,y0,z0) And deriving a three-dimensional center line of the shield tunnel;
A5) coordinate (x) of starting point of three-dimensional center line of shield tunnel0,y0,z0) And moving to the position of the space origin (0,0,0) so as to obtain the three-dimensional central line of the shield tunnel after the coordinates are converted.
6. The BIM-based shield tunnel forward design method of claim 3, wherein the step of pipe ring design comprises:
B1) respectively creating inner and outer circle side lines of the pipe ring based on the set pipe ring radius r and the set pipe piece thickness d, normally stretching the inner and outer circle side lines by the length corresponding to the initial thickness according to the parameters of the inner and outer circle side lines and the initial thickness to form an envelope curved surface, and finishing the creation of a skeleton model of the pipe ring by combining closed planes at two ends;
B2) respectively modeling the wedge-shaped quantity, the positioning holes and the parting on the basis of the framework model of the pipe ring, and integrating the framework model of the pipe ring and models obtained by modeling the wedge-shaped quantity, the positioning holes and the parting to obtain a model of the pipe ring;
wherein the modeling step of the wedge quantity comprises the following steps: determining the thickness of the thickest end of the corresponding pipe ring to be h-g at the thinnest part based on the set wedge amount g and the pipe ring thickness h, and creating a circumferential point for controlling the wedge amount of the pipe ring by using four nodes p1(0,0,0), p2(0,0, h), p3(0, r + d, g/2) and p4(0, r + d, h-g/2); respectively taking four nodes p1(0,0,0), p2(0,0, h), p3(0, r + d, g/2) and p4(0, r + d, h-g/2) as px, creating a line segment (px, vector.YAxis and r + d) parallel to the Y axis based on the four nodes p 1-p 4 by starting from the four nodes p 1-p 4, wherein the vector.YAxis represents the direction of the line segment, the r + d represents the length of the line segment, and finally creating a cutting plane through the spatial relationship of the line segment to complete the creation of the wedge-shaped quantity model;
wherein, the modeling step of the positioning hole comprises the following steps: based on the set bolt connecting rod arc radius r1, bolt connecting rod center arc length r2 and bolt connecting rod radius r3, a circle c1 is created on a designated plane1 by taking the bolt connecting rod arc radius r1 as a radius, a connecting rod path arc c2 is created according to the bolt connecting rod center arc length r2 and the bolt connecting rod radius r3, and a connecting rod entity taking the circle c1 as a contour is formed by sweeping by taking the connecting rod path arc c2 as a sweeping path; establishing a bolt hand hole entity according to the similar codes and the data relation between the hand hole and the connecting rod, converting the spatial position, placing the bolt hand hole entity at a corresponding three-dimensional position, and performing Boolean difference set operation to complete model establishment of the positioning hole;
wherein, the step of modeling the split comprises the following steps: loading the longitudinal seam parameterized outline based on the set circular seam and longitudinal seam parameterized outline, converting the longitudinal seam parameterized outline into a closed multi-segment line which can be read by a program, setting an independent coordinate system at a corresponding position on the closed multi-segment line, converting the seam parting outline to a corresponding seam parting position, generating a seam parting entity through sweeping, and finally performing Boolean difference set operation to complete the model creation of the seam.
7. The BIM-based shield tunnel forward design method of claim 4, wherein after the shield tunnel arrangement obtained after the design is judged to meet the design requirements, the method further comprises the steps of establishing and designing an auxiliary model of the shield tunnel on the basis of the shield tunnel arrangement obtained after the design is finished, wherein the auxiliary model of the shield tunnel comprises at least one of a mounting bolt, a cable frame and a track of the shield tunnel, so that a complete shield tunnel model is obtained.
8. The BIM-based shield tunnel forward design method of claim 7, wherein after the complete shield tunnel model is obtained, the method further comprises the step of correcting the overall spatial position of the shield region to avoid the problem of position distortion under a large-area coordinate system.
9. A BIM-based shield tunnel forward design system, comprising a microprocessor and a memory connected with each other, characterized in that the microprocessor is programmed or configured to perform the steps of the BIM-based shield tunnel forward design method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, for being programmed or configured by a computer device to execute the BIM-based shield tunnel forward design method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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