CN114232126A - Full-biodegradable efficient dust screen and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Full-biodegradable efficient dust screen and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114232126A CN114232126A CN202111511966.8A CN202111511966A CN114232126A CN 114232126 A CN114232126 A CN 114232126A CN 202111511966 A CN202111511966 A CN 202111511966A CN 114232126 A CN114232126 A CN 114232126A
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- -1 pentaerythritol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000248162 Xanthoceras sorbifolium Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000009240 Xanthoceras sorbifolium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002643 polyglutamic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 108010020346 Polyglutamic Acid Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- HWDGVJUIHRPKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-I copper;trisodium;18-(2-carboxylatoethyl)-20-(carboxylatomethyl)-12-ethenyl-7-ethyl-3,8,13,17-tetramethyl-17,18-dihydroporphyrin-21,23-diide-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Cu+2].N1=C(C(CC([O-])=O)=C2C(C(C)C(C=C3C(=C(C=C)C(=C4)[N-]3)C)=N2)CCC([O-])=O)C(=C([O-])[O-])C(C)=C1C=C1C(CC)=C(C)C4=N1 HWDGVJUIHRPKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940079841 sodium copper chlorophyllin Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013758 sodium copper chlorophyllin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000612118 Samolus valerandi Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000247 superabsorbent polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/92—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D9/00—Open-work fabrics
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a full-biodegradable high-efficiency dustproof net which comprises 85-95 parts of polylactic acid, 3-6 parts of a modifier, 2-5 parts of an auxiliary agent and 0.2-0.5 part of an antioxidant. The dust screen prepared by the invention is completely biodegradable, has good mechanical property and water absorption, effectively solves the pollution problem of the dust screen, improves the moisture retention property and increases the dust prevention effect. Experiments prove that the strength, toughness and moisture retention of the dust screen can be improved by adding the modifier and the auxiliary agent, and the dust screen has a certain synergistic effect. The dust screen prepared by the method is beneficial to environmental protection such as wind prevention and dust suppression, and the dust screen can be completely degraded under the action of microorganisms in a natural environment, so that environmental pollution is avoided, and the problem of recycling the existing non-degradable dust screen is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical processing field of dust screens, in particular to a full-biodegradable efficient dust screen and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, dust screens used in domestic construction sites, mountain bodies, muck piles and other places are all made of polyethylene or polypropylene materials and are difficult to degrade in natural environment. The waste dust screen can be rotten after more than 150 years along with the landfill, occupy a large amount of lands, and influence the continuous utilization of the lands. If the incineration disposal mode is adopted, harmful smoke and toxic gas are generated. In addition, after the dust screen is buried or covered by soil, due to the air impermeability and the nondegradable property of the dust screen, heat transfer and microorganism growth inside the soil are caused, so that the property of the soil is changed, and the yield of crops is reduced. To prevent this new environmental pollution, the most important problem to be solved is to make the dust-proof net biodegradable so that it can be degraded into substances that do not pollute the environment in a short time.
Therefore, providing a fully biodegradable high-efficiency dust screen with better mechanical properties and water absorption properties is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a fully biodegradable high-efficiency dust screen.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a full-biodegradable efficient dust screen comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85-95 parts of polylactic acid, 3-6 parts of modifier, 2-5 parts of assistant and 0.2-0.5 part of antioxidant.
The polylactic acid (PLA) used in the invention is a high molecular material polymerized by using lactic acid produced by biological fermentation as a main raw material. PLA raw materials are wide in source, such as corn, cassava, straw, reed and other renewable resources, the production process is pollution-free, downstream products can be biologically degraded, the used PLA is completely degraded into carbon dioxide and water under the composting condition, the ecological cycle in nature is realized, and the environment is not polluted. PLA also has reliable biosafety, biodegradability, good mechanical properties and easy processability, is widely used in the industries of packaging, textile, agriculture, medicine and the like, and has not been practically applied in the construction industry at present.
Gamma-polyglutamic acid is a biological high molecular compound, and has the characteristics of good biodegradability, biocompatibility, high water absorbability, moisture retention, no toxicity to human bodies and the like. The molecular chain of the super absorbent polymer has a large amount of free carboxyl, and the active sites are convenient to blend with other materials or form super absorbent resin after cross-linking.
Further, the modifier is shinyleaf yellowhorn oil, and the antioxidant is pentaerythritol ester.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the limit can effectively improve the mechanical property of the material for preparing the full-biodegradable dustproof net and ensure the tensile strength, the aging resistance and other properties of the dustproof net.
Further, the auxiliary agent consists of polylactic acid, sodium copper chlorophyllin and polyglutamic acid.
Furthermore, the mass ratio of the polylactic acid to the sodium copper chlorophyllin to the polyglutamic acid in the auxiliary agent is 7:1: 2.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the scheme can improve the moisture retention of the material prepared from the fully biodegradable dustproof net and enhance the dust suppression and sand prevention effects of the material.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the full-biodegradable high-efficiency dustproof net, which comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing: weighing the raw materials in parts by weight;
(2) melting: uniformly mixing polylactic acid, a modifier, an auxiliary agent and an antioxidant, and adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder for heating and melting;
(3) extruding a film: extruding the melted material into a film by a double-screw extruder;
(4) shredding: cooling the extruded film, and then cutting the film into monofilaments by a cutter;
(5) stretching: stretching the monofilaments by adopting a first stretching roller and a second stretching roller;
(6) weaving: weaving the stretched monofilaments into the dustproof net by a warp knitting machine to obtain the fully biodegradable efficient dustproof net.
Further, the preparation method of the auxiliary agent comprises the following steps:
1) vacuum drying polylactic acid, sodium copper chlorophyllin and polyglutamic acid at-0.05 to-0.1 Mpa and 60-90 ℃ for 24-48 h;
2) and uniformly mixing the dried materials, adding the mixture into a double-screw extrusion granulator with an extrusion head diameter of 2-3mm, heating and melting at 230 ℃ for 10-15min, and cooling and granulating to obtain the auxiliary agent.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: by adopting the technical scheme, the uniformity and effectiveness of the additive in the fully biodegradable dustproof net can be improved.
Further, the heating and melting temperature in the step (2) is 160-180 ℃, and the heating and melting residence time in the double-screw extruder is 4-6 min.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the invention improves the mechanical property and moisturizing effect of the fully biodegradable dustproof net through the action of the modifier, the auxiliary agent and the polylactic acid.
Further, the width of the film in the step (3) is 1100-1200mm, and the thickness is 0.04-0.06 mm.
Further, the width of the monofilament in the step (4) is 4-6 mm.
Further, the drawing speed in the step (5) is 30-50m/min, and the drawing ratio is 2 times.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the limitation can solve the problems of adhesion, breakage and the like of materials in the preparation process, and simultaneously reduces the usage amount of the materials per unit area and the production cost under the requirement of ensuring the mechanical property of the full-biodegradable dustproof net.
Further, the dust screen in the step (6) has a specification of 2-8 needles.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the dust screen prepared by the invention is completely biodegradable, has good mechanical property and water absorption, effectively solves the pollution problem of the dust screen, improves the moisture retention property and increases the dust prevention effect.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The raw materials used in the comparative examples and examples of the present invention were:
polylactic acid: l-polylactic acid (PLLA), the purity is more than or equal to 99 percent, the density is 1.24g/cm3, the melting point is 155-165 ℃, and the melt index is 4g/10min (MFP 190 ℃/2.16).
Xanthoceras sorbifolia bunge oil: the density was 0.85g/cm3, the average molecular weight was 1042.9 g/mol.
Epoxidized linseed oil: the density is 1.03g/cm3, the average molecular weight is > 1000 g/mol.
Epoxidized soybean oil: the density is 1.1g/cm3, the average molecular weight is > 1000 g/mol.
Polyglutamic acid: the purity is more than or equal to 95 percent, the melting point is 220 ℃, the density is 1.41g/cm3, and the average molecular weight is 200000 g/mol.
Pentaerythritol ester: the purity is more than or equal to 98 percent, the density is 1.15g/cm3, and the melting point is 110-125 ℃.
The preparation method of the auxiliary agent used in the comparative example and the example of the invention is as follows:
1) drying 7kg of polylactic acid, 1kg of sodium copper chlorophyllin and 2kg of polyglutamic acid under-0.081 Mpa vacuum at 75 ℃ for 36 h;
2) and uniformly mixing the dried materials, adding the mixture into a double-screw extrusion granulator with an extrusion head diameter of 2-3mm, heating and melting at 225 ℃ for 12min, and cooling and granulating to obtain the auxiliary agent.
Example 1
The preparation method of the full-biodegradable high-efficiency dustproof net comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing: 94.5 parts of polylactic acid, 3 parts of shinyleaf yellowhorn oil, 2 parts of an auxiliary agent and 0.5 part of pentaerythritol ester;
(2) melting: uniformly mixing polylactic acid, a modifier, an auxiliary agent and an antioxidant, adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder, heating and melting at 170 ℃, and keeping the heating, melting and staying time for 5 min;
(3) extruding a film: extruding the melted material into a film with the width of 1100mm and the thickness of 0.05mm by a double-screw extruder;
(4) shredding: cooling the extruded film, and then cutting the film into monofilaments with the width of 5mm by a cutter;
(5) stretching: stretching the monofilaments by adopting a first stretching roller and a second stretching roller at a stretching speed of 50m/min by a stretching multiple of 2 times;
(6) weaving: and weaving the stretched monofilaments into a dustproof net with the specification of 8 needles by a warp knitting machine to obtain the fully biodegradable efficient dustproof net.
Example 2
The preparation method of the full-biodegradable high-efficiency dustproof net comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing: 92.5 parts of polylactic acid, 4 parts of shinyleaf yellowhorn oil, 3 parts of an auxiliary agent and 0.5 part of pentaerythritol ester;
(2) melting: uniformly mixing polylactic acid, a modifier, an auxiliary agent and an antioxidant, adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder, heating and melting at 170 ℃, and keeping the heating, melting and staying time for 4 min;
(3) extruding a film: extruding the melted material into a film with the width of 1200mm and the thickness of 0.06mm by a double-screw extruder;
(4) shredding: cooling the extruded film, and then cutting the film into monofilaments with the width of 6mm by a cutter;
(5) stretching: stretching the monofilaments by adopting a first stretching roller and a second stretching roller at a stretching speed of 50m/min by a stretching multiple of 2 times;
(6) weaving: and weaving the stretched monofilaments into a dustproof net with the specification of 8 needles by a warp knitting machine to obtain the fully biodegradable efficient dustproof net.
Example 3
The preparation method of the full-biodegradable high-efficiency dustproof net comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing: 90.5 parts of polylactic acid, 5 parts of shinyleaf yellowhorn oil, 4 parts of an auxiliary agent and 0.5 part of pentaerythritol ester;
(2) melting: uniformly mixing polylactic acid, a modifier, an auxiliary agent and an antioxidant, adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder, heating and melting at 170 ℃, wherein the heating, melting and retention time is 6 min;
(3) extruding a film: extruding the melted material into a film with the width of 1150mm and the thickness of 0.04mm by a double-screw extruder;
(4) shredding: cooling the extruded film, and then cutting the film into monofilaments with the width of 4mm by a cutter;
(5) stretching: stretching the monofilaments by adopting a first stretching roller and a second stretching roller at a stretching speed of 40m/min and at a stretching multiple of 2 times;
(6) weaving: and weaving the stretched monofilaments into a dustproof net with the specification of 8 needles by a warp knitting machine to obtain the fully biodegradable efficient dustproof net.
Example 4
The preparation method of the full-biodegradable high-efficiency dustproof net comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing: 88.5 parts of polylactic acid, 6 parts of shinyleaf yellowhorn oil, 5 parts of an auxiliary agent and 0.5 part of pentaerythritol ester;
(2) melting: uniformly mixing polylactic acid, a modifier, an auxiliary agent and an antioxidant, adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder, heating and melting at 170 ℃, and keeping the heating, melting and staying time for 5 min;
(3) extruding a film: extruding the melted material into a film with the width of 1200mm and the thickness of 0.05mm by a double-screw extruder;
(4) shredding: cooling the extruded film, and then cutting the film into monofilaments with the width of 5mm by a cutter;
(5) stretching: stretching the monofilaments by adopting a first stretching roller and a second stretching roller at a stretching speed of 30m/min by a stretching multiple of 2 times;
(6) weaving: weaving the stretched monofilaments into a dustproof net with the specification of 2 needles by a warp knitting machine to obtain the fully biodegradable efficient dustproof net.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the full-biodegradable high-efficiency dustproof net comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing: 100 parts of polylactic acid;
(2) melting: adding polylactic acid into a double-screw extruder, heating and melting at 170 ℃, wherein the heating, melting and retention time is 5 min;
(3) extruding a film: extruding the melted material into a film with the width of 1200mm and the thickness of 0.05mm by a double-screw extruder;
(4) shredding: cooling the extruded film, and then cutting the film into monofilaments with the width of 5mm by a cutter;
(5) stretching: stretching the monofilaments by adopting a first stretching roller and a second stretching roller at a stretching speed of 50m/min by a stretching multiple of 2 times;
(6) weaving: weaving the stretched monofilaments into a 6-needle dust screen by a warp knitting machine to obtain the fully biodegradable high-efficiency dust screen.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the full-biodegradable high-efficiency dustproof net comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing: 94.5 parts of polylactic acid, 5 parts of shinyleaf yellowhorn oil and 0.5 part of pentaerythritol ester;
(2) melting: uniformly mixing polylactic acid, a modifier and an antioxidant, adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder, heating and melting at 170 ℃, wherein the heating, melting and retention time is 5 min;
(3) extruding a film: extruding the melted material into a film with the width of 1200mm and the thickness of 0.05mm by a double-screw extruder;
(4) shredding: cooling the extruded film, and then cutting the film into monofilaments with the width of 5mm by a cutter;
(5) stretching: stretching the monofilaments by adopting a first stretching roller and a second stretching roller at a stretching speed of 50m/min by a stretching multiple of 2 times;
(6) weaving: and weaving the stretched monofilaments into a dustproof net with the specification of 8 needles by a warp knitting machine to obtain the fully biodegradable efficient dustproof net.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the full-biodegradable high-efficiency dustproof net comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing: 94.5 parts of polylactic acid, 5 parts of epoxy soybean oil and 0.5 part of pentaerythritol ester;
(2) melting: uniformly mixing polylactic acid, a modifier and an antioxidant, adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder, heating and melting at 170 ℃, wherein the heating, melting and retention time is 5 min;
(3) extruding a film: extruding the melted material into a film with the width of 1200mm and the thickness of 0.05mm by a double-screw extruder;
(4) shredding: cooling the extruded film, and then cutting the film into monofilaments with the width of 5mm by a cutter;
(5) stretching: stretching the monofilaments by adopting a first stretching roller and a second stretching roller at a stretching speed of 50m/min by a stretching multiple of 2 times;
(6) weaving: and weaving the stretched monofilaments into a dustproof net with the specification of 8 needles by a warp knitting machine to obtain the fully biodegradable efficient dustproof net.
Comparative example 4
The preparation method of the full-biodegradable high-efficiency dustproof net comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing: 94.5 parts of polylactic acid, 5 parts of epoxy linseed oil and 0.5 part of pentaerythritol ester;
(2) melting: uniformly mixing polylactic acid, a modifier and an antioxidant, adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder, heating and melting at 170 ℃, wherein the heating, melting and retention time is 5 min;
(3) extruding a film: extruding the melted material into a film with the width of 1200mm and the thickness of 0.05mm by a double-screw extruder;
(4) shredding: cooling the extruded film, and then cutting the film into monofilaments with the width of 5mm by a cutter;
(5) stretching: stretching the monofilaments by adopting a first stretching roller and a second stretching roller at a stretching speed of 50m/min by a stretching multiple of 2 times;
(6) weaving: and weaving the stretched monofilaments into a dustproof net with the specification of 8 needles by a warp knitting machine to obtain the fully biodegradable efficient dustproof net.
Comparative example 5
The preparation method of the full-biodegradable high-efficiency dustproof net comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing: 95.5 parts of polylactic acid, 4 parts of an auxiliary agent and 0.5 part of pentaerythritol ester;
(2) melting: uniformly mixing polylactic acid, a modifier and an antioxidant, adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder, heating and melting at 170 ℃, wherein the heating, melting and retention time is 5 min;
(3) extruding a film: extruding the melted material into a film with the width of 1200mm and the thickness of 0.05mm by a double-screw extruder;
(4) shredding: cooling the extruded film, and then cutting the film into monofilaments with the width of 5mm by a cutter;
(5) stretching: stretching the monofilaments by adopting a first stretching roller and a second stretching roller at a stretching speed of 50m/min by a stretching multiple of 2 times;
(6) weaving: and weaving the stretched monofilaments into a dustproof net with the specification of 8 needles by a warp knitting machine to obtain the fully biodegradable efficient dustproof net.
Test example 1
The mechanical properties of the fine monofilaments of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were measured according to GB/T1040.1 to 2018 "first part of measurement of tensile properties of plastics: the general rules were carried out, and the water absorption of the prepared dust-proof screen was measured according to GB/T1034 and 2008 "determination of Water absorption of Plastic", and the results are detailed in Table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, in examples 1 to 4, with the increase of the addition amount of the modifier and the auxiliary agent, the mechanical property, the impact strength and the water absorption of the dust screen are linearly increased, the wind-proof and dust-suppression effect is remarkably positively exerted, and in consideration of the production cost, the performance increase ratio and other factors, the raw material ratio of the dust screen is preferably 90.5 parts of polylactic acid, 5 parts of shinyleaf yellowhorn oil, 4 parts of the auxiliary agent and 0.5 part of pentaerythritol ester.
TABLE 1 mechanical Properties and Water absorption test results of various examples and comparative examples
| Name of item | Tensile strength (Mpa) | Elongation at Break (%) | Water absorption (%) |
| Example 1 | 46.8 | 8.8 | 3.23 |
| Example 2 | 51.6 | 11.2 | 4.64 |
| Example 3 | 54.7 | 15.9 | 6.78 |
| Example 4 | 55.9 | 16.8 | 7.17 |
| Comparative example 1 | 38.7 | 4.4 | 1.31 |
| Comparative example 2 | 50.2 | 13.7 | 1.84 |
| Comparative example 3 | 48.4 | 12.8 | 1.25 |
| Comparative example 4 | 47.6 | 12.9 | 1.17 |
| Comparative example 5 | 40.1 | 5.1 | 5.88 |
The results in table 1 show that the comparative example 1, without the addition of the modifier and the auxiliary agent, cannot achieve the effects of strengthening, toughening and moisturizing, and is inferior to the example 3 in terms of mechanical properties, impact strength, moisturizing performance and the like. Different modifiers are added in the comparative examples 2-4, and the xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge oil has better effects on improving mechanical properties, coordinating moisture retention and the like than epoxidized soybean oil and epoxidized linseed oil. The addition of the auxiliary agent in the comparative example 5 obviously improves the water absorption of the dust screen and has good effects of treating raised dust and keeping moisture.
Test example 2
Method for determining the final aerobic biological decomposition capacity of a material under controlled composting conditions, according to GB/T19277.1-2011 part 1 of the method for determining the carbon dioxide released: general methods standard test example 3. Through measurement, the biological decomposition rate of the dust screen prepared in example 3 is greater than or equal to 93.6% in 45 days, and greater than or equal to 99.2% in 90 days.
Comparing the comparative examples 1-5 and the examples 1-4, the addition of the modifier and the auxiliary agent can improve the strength, toughness and moisture retention of the dust screen, and has a certain synergistic effect. The dust screen prepared by the method is beneficial to environmental protection such as wind prevention and dust suppression, and meanwhile, the dust screen can be fully biodegradable under certain conditions, so that environmental pollution is avoided, and the problem of recycling of the existing non-degradable dust screen is solved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The full-biodegradable efficient dust screen is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85-95 parts of polylactic acid, 3-6 parts of modifier, 2-5 parts of assistant and 0.2-0.5 part of antioxidant.
2. The fully biodegradable high-efficiency dustproof net according to claim 1, wherein the modifier is shinyleaf yellowhorn oil, and the antioxidant is pentaerythritol ester.
3. The fully biodegradable high-efficiency dustproof net according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary agent is composed of polylactic acid, sodium copper chlorophyllin and polyglutamic acid.
4. The fully biodegradable efficient dust screen according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of polylactic acid, sodium copper chlorophyllin and polyglutamic acid in the auxiliary agent is 7:1: 2.
5. A preparation method of a full-biodegradable high-efficiency dust screen is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) weighing: weighing the raw materials according to the parts by weight of any one of claims 1 to 4;
(2) melting: uniformly mixing polylactic acid, a modifier, an auxiliary agent and an antioxidant, and adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder for heating and melting;
(3) extruding a film: extruding the melted material into a film by a double-screw extruder;
(4) shredding: cooling the extruded film, and then cutting the film into monofilaments by a cutter;
(5) stretching: stretching the monofilaments by adopting a first stretching roller and a second stretching roller;
(6) weaving: weaving the stretched monofilaments into the dustproof net by a warp knitting machine to obtain the fully biodegradable efficient dustproof net.
6. The preparation method of the full-biodegradable high-efficiency dustproof net according to claim 5, wherein the preparation method of the auxiliary agent comprises the following steps:
1) vacuum drying polylactic acid, sodium copper chlorophyllin and polyglutamic acid at-0.05 to-0.1 Mpa and 60-90 ℃ for 24-48 h;
2) and uniformly mixing the dried materials, adding the mixture into a double-screw extrusion granulator with an extrusion head diameter of 2-3mm, heating and melting at 230 ℃ for 10-15min, and cooling and granulating to obtain the auxiliary agent.
7. The method for preparing the fully biodegradable high-efficiency dustproof net according to claim 5, wherein the heating and melting temperature in the step (2) is 160-180 ℃, and the heating and melting retention time in the twin-screw extruder is 4-6 min.
8. The method for preparing fully biodegradable high-performance dustproof net according to claim 5, wherein the width of the film in the step (3) is 1100-1200mm, and the thickness is 0.04-0.06 mm.
9. The method for preparing the fully biodegradable high-efficiency dustproof net according to claim 5, wherein the width of the monofilament in the step (4) is 4-6 mm.
10. The method for preparing the fully biodegradable high-efficiency dustproof net according to claim 5, wherein the stretching speed in the step (5) is 30-50m/min, and the stretching ratio is 2 times.
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| JP2013011033A (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-17 | Unitika Ltd | Polylactic acid fiber |
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| FR3098443A1 (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2021-01-15 | Qingdao Zhoushi Plastic Packaging Co., Ltd | A fully high mechanical strength biodegradable composite film, its processing technology and application |
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| JP2013011033A (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-17 | Unitika Ltd | Polylactic acid fiber |
| CN103741254A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-23 | 马海燕 | Large-diameter biodegradable polylactic acid monofilament and production method thereof |
| CN105671941A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-06-15 | 苏州经贸职业技术学院 | Antibacterial anti-ultraviolet microcapsule finishing agent and preparation method thereof |
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