CN114231761A - Electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device and method with ultrasonic generator - Google Patents
Electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device and method with ultrasonic generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN114231761A CN114231761A CN202210190945.9A CN202210190945A CN114231761A CN 114231761 A CN114231761 A CN 114231761A CN 202210190945 A CN202210190945 A CN 202210190945A CN 114231761 A CN114231761 A CN 114231761A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/30—Obtaining chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C22B34/32—Obtaining chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/008—Wet processes by an alkaline or ammoniacal leaching
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of sludge treatment, and discloses an electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device and method with an ultrasonic generator; the extraction device comprises an electroplating sludge pretreatment tank, a plurality of ultrasonic cavitation reactors arranged below the electroplating sludge pretreatment tank, a separation component arranged at the lower end of each ultrasonic cavitation reactor and used for separating sludge, and a reaction extraction device communicated with one end of each separation component; the extraction method comprises the following steps: s1, adjusting the water content; s2, ultrasonic cavitation; s3, separating and extracting chromium; the method can effectively shorten the reaction time and improve the treatment efficiency in the process of carrying out large-scale industrial treatment on the electroplating sludge, and can also greatly improve the extraction rate of the chromium element.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sludge treatment, in particular to an electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device and method with an ultrasonic generator.
Background
The electroplating sludge is a precipitate which is generated in the electroplating wastewater treatment process and takes heavy metal hydroxides such as copper, chromium and the like as main components, and the components are complex; because the electroplating wastewater has large amount, complex components, high COD and high heavy metal content, if the electroplating wastewater is discharged randomly without treatment, serious environmental pollution can be caused. A large amount of electroplating sludge is formed while the electroplating wastewater is treated, heavy metal components in the electroplating sludge have high thermal stability and are easy to migrate, and secondary pollution is easy to cause if the electroplating sludge is not properly treated.
The electroplating sludge contains a large amount of metal elements such as chromium, copper, nickel and the like; therefore, the metal elements are efficiently extracted from the electroplating sludge, so that the metal elements can be recycled for the second time, the resource utilization rate is improved, and the method has important significance for environment optimization and human health.
Chromium elements in the electroplating sludge are recovered, and the prior art generally adopts the technology such as a hydrothermal method and the like, so that the reaction time is long, and the treatment efficiency is low; in addition, the extracted chromium impurities are more, and usually need to be further purified, which is not beneficial to the industrialized mass treatment of the electroplating sludge.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: in the prior art, the reaction time is long, the treatment efficiency is low and the extraction rate of chromium element is low in the process of carrying out large-scale industrial treatment on the electroplating sludge.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device carrying an ultrasonic generator comprises an electroplating sludge pretreatment tank, a plurality of ultrasonic cavitation reactors arranged below the electroplating sludge pretreatment tank, a separation component arranged at the lower end of each ultrasonic cavitation reactor and used for separating sludge, and a reaction extraction device communicated with one end of each separation component;
the electroplating sludge pretreatment tank comprises a horizontally arranged treatment tank body, a water inlet pipe arranged on the treatment tank body, a first stirring rotating shaft arranged in the treatment tank body, a first stirring blade fan uniformly arranged on the first stirring rotating shaft, and a driving motor arranged on the treatment tank body and used for driving the first stirring rotating shaft;
the lower end surface of the treatment tank body is provided with a plurality of connecting holes which are respectively connected with the ultrasonic cavitation reactor; a sealing cover plate is movably arranged on the connecting hole;
the ultrasonic cavitation reactor comprises a connecting pipe which is vertically arranged at the lower end of the treatment tank body and is communicated with the connecting hole, an ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity arranged at the lower end of the connecting pipe, an ultrasonic device arranged on the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity, a negative pressure device arranged at the lower end of the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity and a medicament feeder arranged in the middle of the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity;
the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity comprises a middle base ring, an upper conical surface which is arranged at the upper end of the middle base ring and has a downward large opening, and a lower conical surface which is arranged at the lower end of the middle base ring and has an upward large opening;
the ultrasonic device comprises bar-shaped mounting plates uniformly arranged on the upper conical surface and the lower conical surface in a surrounding manner, a plurality of first ultrasonic generators uniformly arranged on the bar-shaped mounting plates and penetrating through the upper conical surface and the lower conical surface, an annular mounting plate arranged at the lower end of the lower conical surface, and second ultrasonic generators uniformly arranged on the annular mounting plate;
the medicament adding device comprises a nozzle mounting ring arranged on the middle base ring in a surrounding mode, and a first nozzle and a second nozzle which are uniformly arranged on the nozzle mounting ring.
Further, the separation assembly comprises a support frame, a separation barrel which is obliquely arranged on the support frame and communicated with the negative pressure device, and a spiral separation conveyor arranged in the separation barrel;
the upper end of the separation cylinder is provided with a sludge discharge port, and the lower end of the separation cylinder is communicated with the reaction extraction device;
the sodium hydroxide and various metals in the electroplating sludge react quickly under the cavitation action generated by the ultrasonic wave to form a precipitate; adding hydrogen peroxide to dissolve the chromium hydroxide precipitate, and converting the chromium element into soluble chromium; the spiral separation conveyor can be used for preliminarily separating the electroplating sludge from the soluble chromium, so that the further treatment is facilitated.
Further, the reaction and extraction device comprises a precipitation filter tank communicated with the separation cylinder, a mixed precipitation cavity arranged on the precipitation filter tank, a filter disc arranged at the lower end of the mixed precipitation cavity and communicated with the precipitation filter tank, a first negative pressure pump arranged between the filter disc and the mixed precipitation cavity, and a second stirring blade fan arranged inside the mixed precipitation cavity;
and precipitating the separated liquid through a precipitation filtering tank, pumping the supernatant to a mixed precipitation cavity from the upper surface by using a filtering disc, and adding a lead nitrate solution into the mixed precipitation cavity to generate lead chromate precipitate so as to realize high-purity extraction of chromium.
Furthermore, a collecting tank is arranged on one side of the sedimentation and filtration tank;
the upper end of the collecting tank is communicated with the lower end of the mixed sedimentation cavity through a negative pressure connecting pipe; a second negative pressure pump is arranged at the joint of the negative pressure connecting pipe and the collecting tank;
a filtering barrier net is horizontally arranged in the collecting tank;
and pumping the lead chromate precipitate to a filtering blocking net through a negative pressure connecting pipe, and separating the solution from the lead chromate precipitate by the filtering blocking net to obtain the high-purity lead chromate.
Furthermore, the taper angles of the upper conical surface and the lower conical surface are both 45-55 degrees; the first ultrasonic generator is arranged on the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity in an opposite mode by limiting the taper angles of the upper conical surface and the lower conical surface, so that repeated bombardment of ultrasonic waves is realized in the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity, and the treatment efficiency is improved.
Further, a vibrating diaphragm assembly is arranged inside the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity;
the vibrating diaphragm assembly comprises a first fixing plate uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the upper conical surface, a second fixing plate uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the lower conical surface, a first vibrating diaphragm uniformly and vertically arranged on the first fixing plate, and a second vibrating diaphragm arranged on the second fixing plate and extending towards the horizontal direction;
the ultrasonic cavitation can be effectively enhanced by arranging the vibrating diaphragm assembly, the generation quantity of small bubbles under the cavitation is increased, the reaction speed is further increased, and the treatment efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, a rotary connecting ring is arranged inside the lower conical surface; a mud scraper is movably arranged on the rotary connecting ring; the arrangement of the mud scraping plate can ensure that the electroplating sludge in the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity is discharged, and is beneficial to the complete extraction of chromium elements in the electroplating sludge.
Further, a pH detector is also arranged in the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity; the pH value in the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity can meet the requirement through the arrangement of the pH detector, and the chromium element is ensured to completely participate in the reaction under the action of sodium hydroxide, so that the extraction rate of the chromium is further ensured.
The invention also provides a method for extracting chromium element by using the electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device with the ultrasonic generator, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the water content
Adding electroplating sludge into the electroplating sludge pretreatment tank, then adding clear water into the treatment tank body through a water inlet pipe, and enabling the liquid-solid ratio in the electroplating sludge pretreatment tank to be 4-6 ml: 1g, stirring by a first stirring blade fan;
s2 ultrasonic cavitation
Opening the sealing cover plate to enable the electroplating sludge to enter the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity, spraying a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 35-60% into the electroplating sludge through the first spray head, and starting the first ultrasonic generator and the second ultrasonic generator simultaneously; stopping spraying the sodium hydroxide solution when the pH value of the electroplating sludge is adjusted to 6-8, and continuously performing ultrasonic treatment for 15-30 min; adding hydrogen peroxide into the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity through a second nozzle, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-20 min again; the content of hydrogen peroxide in the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity is 2-5 mol/L;
s3, separating and extracting chromium element
Discharging the treated electroplating sludge into a spiral separation conveyor for primary separation; precipitating the separated liquid through a precipitation filtering tank, and pumping the supernatant to a mixed precipitation cavity through a filter disc by a first negative pressure pump; then adding a lead nitrate solution with the mass concentration of 50-80% into the mixed precipitation cavity, wherein the addition amount of the lead nitrate solution is 0.1-0.3 time of the weight of the supernatant; and continuously stirring by a second stirring fan until the chromium element is converted into lead chromate precipitate, and then filtering.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides an electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device with an ultrasonic generator, which can accelerate the reaction speed and effectively shorten the reaction time through the arrangement of an ultrasonic cavitation reaction chamber and an ultrasonic device, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of industrially treating a large amount of electroplating sludge; due to the alternating action of positive pressure and negative pressure transmitted by the ultrasonic longitudinal wave, countless micro bubbles with the pressure of more than 1000 atmospheres are generated and are exploded at any time, so that metal elements in the electroplating sludge can quickly react with sodium hydroxide to form precipitates; then, by adding hydrogen peroxide, chromium hydroxide is converted into soluble chromate ions, so that the primary extraction of chromium elements is realized, and metals such as copper, nickel and the like can be discharged; through the arrangement of the mixed precipitation cavity, a lead nitrate solution is added into the mixed precipitation cavity to generate lead chromate precipitation, so that high-purity extraction of chromium is realized; the extraction rate can reach more than 99 percent and the purity is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the whole of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of an electroplating sludge pretreatment tank in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an ultrasonic cavitation reactor in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the reaction extraction apparatus according to example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a vibrating diaphragm assembly according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a scraper blade according to example 2 of the present invention;
wherein, 1-electroplating sludge pretreatment tank, 2-ultrasonic cavitation reactor, 3-separation component, 4-reaction extraction device, 10-treatment tank body, 11-water inlet pipe, 12-first stirring rotating shaft, 13-first stirring blade fan, 14-driving motor, 100-connecting hole, 101-sealing cover plate, 20-connecting pipe, 21-ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity, 22-ultrasonic device, 23-negative pressure device, 24-medicament feeder, 210-middle base ring, 211-upper conical surface, 212-lower conical surface, 220-strip mounting plate, 221-first ultrasonic generator, 222-annular mounting plate, 223-second ultrasonic generator, 240-nozzle mounting ring, 241-first nozzle, 242-second nozzle, 30-support frame, 31-separation cylinder, 32-spiral separation conveyor, 310-sludge discharge port, 40-sedimentation filter tank, 41-mixed sedimentation cavity, 42-filter disc, 43-first negative pressure pump, 44-second stirring fan, 45-collection tank, 450-negative pressure connecting pipe, 451-second negative pressure pump, 452-filter barrier net, 25-vibration membrane component, 250-first fixing plate, 251-second fixing plate, 252-first vibration membrane, 253-second vibration membrane, 213-rotary connecting ring and 214-mud scraper.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device with the ultrasonic generator shown in fig. 1 comprises an electroplating sludge pretreatment tank 1, three ultrasonic cavitation reactors 2 arranged below the electroplating sludge pretreatment tank 1, a separation assembly 3 arranged at the lower end of the ultrasonic cavitation reactor 2 and used for separating sludge, and a reaction extraction device 4 communicated with one end of the separation assembly 3;
as shown in fig. 2, the electroplating sludge pretreatment tank 1 comprises a horizontally arranged treatment tank body 10, a water inlet pipe 11 arranged on the treatment tank body 10, a first stirring rotating shaft 12 arranged inside the treatment tank body 10, a first stirring blade fan 13 uniformly arranged on the first stirring rotating shaft 12, and a driving motor 14 arranged on the treatment tank body 10 and used for driving the first stirring rotating shaft 12;
the lower end surface of the treatment tank body 10 is provided with three connecting holes 100 which are respectively connected with the ultrasonic cavitation reactor 2; a sealing cover plate 101 is movably arranged on the connecting hole 100;
the ultrasonic cavitation reactor 2 comprises a connecting pipe 20 vertically arranged at the lower end of the treatment tank body 10 and communicated with the connecting hole 100, an ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity 21 arranged at the lower end of the connecting pipe 20, an ultrasonic device 22 arranged on the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity 21, a negative pressure device 23 arranged at the lower end of the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity 21, and a medicament feeder 24 arranged in the middle of the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity 21;
as shown in fig. 3, the ultrasonic cavitation reaction chamber 21 includes a middle base ring 210, an upper conical surface 211 disposed at the upper end of the middle base ring 210 and having a downward large opening, and a lower conical surface 212 disposed at the lower end of the middle base ring 210 and having an upward large opening;
the ultrasonic device 22 comprises a bar-shaped mounting plate 220 uniformly surrounding the upper conical surface 211 and the lower conical surface 212, 3 first ultrasonic generators 221 uniformly arranged on the bar-shaped mounting plate 220 and penetrating through the upper conical surface 211 and the lower conical surface 212, an annular mounting plate 222 arranged at the lower end of the lower conical surface 212, and second ultrasonic generators 223 uniformly arranged on the annular mounting plate 222;
the medicament feeder 24 includes a nozzle mounting ring 240 surrounding the middle base ring 210, and a first nozzle 241 and a second nozzle 242 uniformly disposed on the nozzle mounting ring 240.
As shown in fig. 3, the separation assembly 3 comprises a support frame 30, a separation cylinder 31 obliquely arranged on the support frame 30 and communicated with the negative pressure device 23, and a spiral separation conveyor 32 arranged in the separation cylinder 31;
the upper end of the separation cylinder 31 is provided with a sludge discharge port 310, and the lower end is communicated with the reaction extraction device 4.
As shown in fig. 4, the reaction extraction device 4 includes a sedimentation filter tank 40 communicated with the separation cylinder 31, a mixing and sedimentation chamber 41 provided on the sedimentation filter tank 40, a filter disc 42 provided at a lower end of the mixing and sedimentation chamber 41 and communicated with the sedimentation filter tank 40, a first negative pressure pump 43 provided between the filter disc 42 and the mixing and sedimentation chamber 41, and a second stirring fan 44 provided inside the mixing and sedimentation chamber 41.
A collecting tank 45 is arranged on one side of the precipitation filtering tank 40;
the upper end of the collecting tank 45 is communicated with the lower end of the mixing and precipitating cavity 41 through a negative pressure connecting pipe 450; a second negative pressure pump 451 is arranged at the joint of the negative pressure connecting pipe 450 and the collecting tank 45;
a filtering barrier net 452 is horizontally arranged in the collecting tank 45.
The taper angles of the upper taper surface 211 and the lower taper surface 212 are both 45 °.
A pH detector is also arranged in the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity 21.
The pH detector, the second negative pressure pump 451, the second stirring vane fan 44, the first negative pressure pump 43, the spiral separation conveyor 32, the first spray head 241, the second spray head 242, the driving motor 14, the first stirring vane fan 13, the first ultrasonic generator 221, and the second ultrasonic generator 223 are all conventional products, and specific product types can be selected by those skilled in the art as needed.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is:
the taper angles of the upper taper surface 211 and the lower taper surface 212 are both 55 °.
As shown in fig. 5, a vibrating diaphragm assembly 25 is arranged inside the ultrasonic cavitation reaction chamber 21;
as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the diaphragm assembly 25 includes a first fixing plate 250 uniformly disposed on an inner wall of the upper tapered surface 211, a second fixing plate 251 uniformly disposed on an inner wall of the lower tapered surface 212, a first diaphragm 252 uniformly and vertically disposed on the first fixing plate 250, and a second diaphragm 253 disposed on the second fixing plate 251 and extending in a horizontal direction.
A rotary connecting ring 213 is arranged in the lower conical surface 212; a mud scraper 214 is movably arranged on the rotary connecting ring 213.
The first vibrating diaphragm 252 and the second vibrating diaphragm 253 are made of spring steel sheets with the thickness of 0.5 mm.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the device is provided with the vibrating diaphragm component 25 in the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity 21, the cavitation effect of ultrasonic waves can be further enhanced through the vibrating diaphragm component 25, the reaction speed is further increased, and the reaction speed is accelerated.
Example 3
The method for extracting chromium element by adopting the electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device with the ultrasonic generator in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the water content
Add electroplating sludge to electroplating sludge pretreatment tank 1 earlier, then add the clear water through inlet tube 11 in to the treatment tank body 10, make the liquid-solid ratio in electroplating sludge pretreatment tank 1 be 4 ml: 1g, stirring by a first stirring blade fan 13;
s2 ultrasonic cavitation
Opening the sealing cover plate 101 to enable the electroplating sludge to enter the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity 21, spraying a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 35% into the electroplating sludge through the first spray head 241, and simultaneously starting the first ultrasonic generator 221 and the second ultrasonic generator 223; stopping spraying the sodium hydroxide solution when the pH value of the electroplating sludge is adjusted to be 6, and continuing performing ultrasonic treatment for 15 min; adding hydrogen peroxide into the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity 21 through the second nozzle 242, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 10min again; the content of hydrogen peroxide in the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity 21 is 2 mol/L;
s3, separating and extracting chromium element
Discharging the treated electroplating sludge into a spiral separation conveyor 32 for primary separation; precipitating the separated liquid through a precipitation filter tank 40, and pumping the supernatant to a mixed precipitation cavity 41 through a filter disc 42 by a first negative pressure pump 43; then adding a lead nitrate solution with the mass concentration of 50% into the mixed precipitation cavity 41, wherein the addition amount of the lead nitrate solution is 0.1 time of the weight of the supernatant; the second stirring fan 44 continuously stirs until the chromium element is converted into lead chromate precipitate, and then filters.
The extraction rate of chromium finally obtained in this example was 99.3%.
Example 4
The method for extracting chromium element by adopting the electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device with the ultrasonic generator in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the water content
Add electroplating sludge to electroplating sludge pretreatment tank 1 earlier, then add the clear water through inlet tube 11 in to the treatment tank body 10, make the liquid-solid ratio in electroplating sludge pretreatment tank 1 be 6 ml: 1g, stirring by a first stirring blade fan 13;
s2 ultrasonic cavitation
Opening the sealing cover plate 101 to enable the electroplating sludge to enter the ultrasonic cavitation reaction chamber 21, spraying a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 60% into the electroplating sludge through the first spray head 241, and simultaneously starting the first ultrasonic generator 221 and the second ultrasonic generator 223; stopping spraying the sodium hydroxide solution when the pH value of the electroplating sludge is adjusted to 8, and continuing performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 min; adding hydrogen peroxide into the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity 21 through the second nozzle 242, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 20min again; the content of hydrogen peroxide in the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity 21 is 5 mol/L;
s3, separating and extracting chromium element
Discharging the treated electroplating sludge into a spiral separation conveyor 32 for primary separation; precipitating the separated liquid through a precipitation filter tank 40, and pumping the supernatant to a mixed precipitation cavity 41 through a filter disc 42 by a first negative pressure pump 43; then adding a lead nitrate solution with the mass concentration of 80% into the mixed precipitation cavity 41, wherein the addition amount of the lead nitrate solution is 0.2 of the weight of the supernatant; the second stirring fan 44 continuously stirs until the chromium element is converted into lead chromate precipitate, and then filters.
The extraction rate of chromium finally obtained in this example was 99.3%.
Example 5
The method for extracting chromium element by adopting the electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device with the ultrasonic generator in the embodiment 2 comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the water content
Adding electroplating sludge into the electroplating sludge pretreatment tank 1, then adding clear water into the treatment tank body 10 through the water inlet pipe 11, and enabling the liquid-solid ratio in the electroplating sludge pretreatment tank 1 to be 5 ml: 1g, stirring by a first stirring blade fan 13;
s2 ultrasonic cavitation
Opening the sealing cover plate 101 to enable the electroplating sludge to enter the ultrasonic cavitation reaction chamber 21, spraying a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 45% into the electroplating sludge through the first spray head 241, and simultaneously starting the first ultrasonic generator 221 and the second ultrasonic generator 223; stopping spraying the sodium hydroxide solution when the pH value of the electroplating sludge is adjusted to 7, and continuing performing ultrasonic treatment for 23 min; adding hydrogen peroxide into the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity 21 through the second nozzle 242, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15min again; the content of hydrogen peroxide in the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity 21 is 4 mol/L;
s3, separating and extracting chromium element
Discharging the treated electroplating sludge into a spiral separation conveyor 32 for primary separation; precipitating the separated liquid through a precipitation filter tank 40, and pumping the supernatant to a mixed precipitation cavity 41 through a filter disc 42 by a first negative pressure pump 43; then adding a lead nitrate solution with the mass concentration of 70% into the mixed precipitation cavity 41, wherein the addition amount of the lead nitrate solution is 0.3 time of the weight of the supernatant; the second stirring fan 44 continuously stirs until the chromium element is converted into lead chromate precipitate, and then filters.
The extraction rate of chromium finally obtained in this example was 99.5%.
Claims (9)
1. An electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device carrying an ultrasonic generator is characterized by comprising an electroplating sludge pretreatment tank (1), a plurality of ultrasonic cavitation reactors (2) arranged below the electroplating sludge pretreatment tank (1), a separation component (3) arranged at the lower end of each ultrasonic cavitation reactor (2) and used for separating sludge, and a reaction extraction device (4) communicated with one end of each separation component (3);
the electroplating sludge pretreatment tank (1) comprises a horizontally arranged treatment tank body (10), a water inlet pipe (11) arranged on the treatment tank body (10), a first stirring rotating shaft (12) arranged inside the treatment tank body (10), first stirring blade fans (13) uniformly arranged on the first stirring rotating shaft (12), and a driving motor (14) arranged on the treatment tank body (10) and used for driving the first stirring rotating shaft (12);
the lower end surface of the treatment tank body (10) is provided with a plurality of connecting holes (100) which are respectively connected with the ultrasonic cavitation reactor (2); a sealing cover plate (101) is movably arranged on the connecting hole (100);
the ultrasonic cavitation reactor (2) comprises a connecting pipe (20) which is vertically arranged at the lower end of the treatment tank body (10) and is communicated with the connecting hole (100), an ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity (21) which is arranged at the lower end of the connecting pipe (20), an ultrasonic device (22) which is arranged on the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity (21), a negative pressure device (23) which is arranged at the lower end of the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity (21), and a medicament feeder (24) which is arranged in the middle of the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity (21);
the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity (21) comprises a middle base ring (210), an upper conical surface (211) which is arranged at the upper end of the middle base ring (210) and has a downward large opening, and a lower conical surface (212) which is arranged at the lower end of the middle base ring (210) and has an upward large opening;
the ultrasonic device (22) comprises a bar-shaped mounting plate (220) uniformly arranged on the upper conical surface (211) and the lower conical surface (212) in a surrounding mode, a plurality of first ultrasonic generators (221) uniformly arranged on the bar-shaped mounting plate (220) and penetrating through the upper conical surface (211) and the lower conical surface (212), an annular mounting plate (222) arranged at the lower end of the lower conical surface (212), and second ultrasonic generators (223) uniformly arranged on the annular mounting plate (222);
the medicament adding device (24) comprises a sprayer mounting ring (240) arranged on the middle base ring (210) in a surrounding mode, and a first sprayer (241) and a second sprayer (242) which are uniformly arranged on the sprayer mounting ring (240).
2. The electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device with the ultrasonic generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the separation assembly (3) comprises a support frame (30), a separation cylinder (31) which is obliquely arranged on the support frame (30) and communicated with the negative pressure device (23), and a spiral separation conveyor (32) which is arranged in the separation cylinder (31);
the upper end of the separation cylinder (31) is provided with a sludge outlet (310), and the lower end is communicated with the reaction extraction device (4).
3. The electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device with the ultrasonic generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reaction extraction device (4) comprises a precipitation filter tank (40) communicated with the separation cylinder (31), a mixing precipitation chamber (41) arranged on the precipitation filter tank (40), a filter disc (42) arranged at the lower end of the mixing precipitation chamber (41) and communicated with the precipitation filter tank (40), a first negative pressure pump (43) arranged between the filter disc (42) and the mixing precipitation chamber (41), and a second stirring blade fan (44) arranged inside the mixing precipitation chamber (41).
4. The electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device with the ultrasonic generator as claimed in claim 3, wherein a collection tank (45) is arranged at one side of the sedimentation and filtration tank (40);
the upper end of the collecting tank (45) is communicated with the lower end of the mixed precipitation cavity (41) through a negative pressure connecting pipe (450); a second negative pressure pump (451) is arranged at the joint of the negative pressure connecting pipe (450) and the collecting tank (45);
and a filtering barrier net (452) is horizontally arranged in the collecting tank (45).
5. The electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device with the ultrasonic generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cone angles of the upper conical surface (211) and the lower conical surface (212) are both 45-55 degrees.
6. The electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device with the ultrasonic generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein a vibrating diaphragm assembly (25) is arranged inside the ultrasonic cavitation reaction chamber (21);
the vibrating diaphragm assembly (25) comprises a first fixing plate (250) uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the upper conical surface (211), a second fixing plate (251) uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the lower conical surface (212), a first vibrating diaphragm (252) uniformly and vertically arranged on the first fixing plate (250), and a second vibrating diaphragm (253) arranged on the second fixing plate (251) and extending towards the horizontal direction.
7. The electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device with the ultrasonic generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein a rotary connecting ring (213) is arranged inside the lower conical surface (212); the rotating connecting ring (213) is movably provided with a mud scraper (214).
8. The electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device with the ultrasonic generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein a pH detector is further arranged in the ultrasonic cavitation reaction chamber (21).
9. The method for extracting chromium element from electroplating sludge with the ultrasonic generator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, adjusting the water content
Adding electroplating sludge into the electroplating sludge pretreatment tank (1), and then adding clear water into the treatment tank body (10) through the water inlet pipe (11), so that the liquid-solid ratio in the electroplating sludge pretreatment tank (1) is 4-6 ml: 1g, stirring by a first stirring fan (13);
s2 ultrasonic cavitation
Opening a sealing cover plate (101) to enable electroplating sludge to enter an ultrasonic cavitation reaction chamber (21), spraying a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 35-60% into the electroplating sludge through a first spray head (241), and starting a first ultrasonic generator (221) and a second ultrasonic generator (223); stopping spraying the sodium hydroxide solution when the pH value of the electroplating sludge is adjusted to 6-8, and continuously performing ultrasonic treatment for 15-30 min; adding hydrogen peroxide into the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity (21) through the second nozzle (242), and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-20 min again; the content of hydrogen peroxide in the ultrasonic cavitation reaction cavity (21) is 2-5 mol/L;
s3, separating and extracting chromium element
Discharging the treated electroplating sludge into a spiral separation conveyor (32) for primary separation; precipitating the separated liquid through a precipitation filtering tank (40), and pumping the supernatant to a mixed precipitation cavity (41) through a filter disc (42) by a first negative pressure pump (43); then adding a lead nitrate solution with the mass concentration of 50-80% into the mixed precipitation cavity (41), wherein the addition amount of the lead nitrate solution is 0.1-0.3 times of the weight of the supernatant; the second stirring fan (44) continuously stirs until the chromium element is converted into lead chromate precipitate, and then the lead chromate precipitate is filtered.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210190945.9A CN114231761B (en) | 2022-03-01 | 2022-03-01 | Electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device and method with ultrasonic generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210190945.9A CN114231761B (en) | 2022-03-01 | 2022-03-01 | Electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device and method with ultrasonic generator |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114231761A true CN114231761A (en) | 2022-03-25 |
| CN114231761B CN114231761B (en) | 2022-05-06 |
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| CN202210190945.9A Active CN114231761B (en) | 2022-03-01 | 2022-03-01 | Electroplating sludge chromium element extraction device and method with ultrasonic generator |
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| CN104984700A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-10-21 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Intermittent ultrasonic reaction device |
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| CN108455770A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-08-28 | 内蒙古科技大学 | A kind of method of ultrasound-enhanced processing high concentration chrome wastewater |
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| CN104984700A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-10-21 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Intermittent ultrasonic reaction device |
| CN206215192U (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-06-06 | 上海洛法化工有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic response kettle |
| CN108275853A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-07-13 | 航天凯天环保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of heavy metal pollution high speed dewatering of slurries system and its method for heavy metal pollution high speed dewatering of slurries |
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