CN114231734B - Ferrosilicon ball and preparation process and detection method thereof - Google Patents
Ferrosilicon ball and preparation process and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114231734B CN114231734B CN202111385977.6A CN202111385977A CN114231734B CN 114231734 B CN114231734 B CN 114231734B CN 202111385977 A CN202111385977 A CN 202111385977A CN 114231734 B CN114231734 B CN 114231734B
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- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 208
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012764 semi-quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese oxide Inorganic materials [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2] PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 20
- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000021190 leftovers Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PWKWDCOTNGQLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[Ar] Chemical compound [N].[Ar] PWKWDCOTNGQLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910005347 FeSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052661 anorthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- GWWPLLOVYSCJIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;calcium;disilicate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GWWPLLOVYSCJIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011165 process development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/005—Manufacture of stainless steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/243—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/244—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/20—Metals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a ferrosilicon ball, a preparation process and a detection method thereof, and relates to the technical field of ferrosilicon balls. A ferrosilicon ball comprising: 50-60% of ferrosilicon powder, 10-20% of ferrosilicon slag, 10-25% of metal silicon powder, 5-10% of metal silicon slag and 2-8% of binder. The process comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing ferrosilicon slag and metal ferrosilicon slag, then adding ferrosilicon powder and metal silica powder, finally adding a binder, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture; and adding the mixture into a high-strength press for press molding to obtain the ferrosilicon balls. The ferrosilicon ball prepared by the method has good strength, meets the process requirements, can be used as a heating agent in the stainless steel smelting process, can reduce the iron, chromium and manganese oxides lost in the smelting process, improves the fluidity of slag liquid, reduces steel carried away by slag skimming liquid, and therefore improves the recovery rate of molten steel in smelting, increases the efficiency of cold steel smelting, and achieves the aims of reducing carbon and emission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ferrosilicon balls, in particular to a ferrosilicon ball, a preparation process and a detection method thereof.
Background
Steelmaking is the second largest carbon emission consumer next to thermal power, the carbon peak generally depends on the carbon dioxide emission per ton of steel and the yield of steel, the carbon input amount of steel and the yield of steel are strictly controlled to realize the carbon peak, and one of the ways to reduce the carbon input is to replace carbon with ferrosilicon balls as a heating agent without reducing the yield. The carbon reduction and the carbon reduction are the precondition of the development of the steel industry, and under the situation that the limit of carbon limitation is a normal state, the application of the ferrosilicon ball in stainless steel smelting is an alternative way for solving the problems of metallurgical heat energy and productivity.
The main components of the ferrosilicon ball are silicon and carbon, by-products of ferrosilicon or ferrosilicon alloy production, namely, the ferrosilicon ball is initially formed after being processed and pressed in, the production cost of steelmaking and casting is greatly reduced, the effect of the ferrosilicon ball can be realized by rapid temperature rise and deoxidation, molten iron flow and silicon increase and temperature rise are promoted, and at present, the ferrosilicon ball is purchased by most manufacturers due to 'price is substantial and good effect', and the application industry is relatively wide. When the silicon iron balls are used as steelmaking additives, the rapid deoxidation and the temperature adjustment in molten steel can be realized, mainly because of internal silicon and iron carbon elements, the corresponding silicon iron balls are placed into the molten steel according to the standard, when the temperature reaches the dissolution standard, the silicon iron balls are uniformly dissolved in the molten steel, the silicon and the carbon in the molten steel are harmless to the molten steel, oxides in the molten steel float on the surface of the molten steel, and the oxides are easy to screen out, so that the purity of the molten steel is improved, and the quality of the molten steel is improved.
In the stainless steel smelting process, the silicon element in the silicon iron ball is dissolved in molten steel, so that an inoculation effect is generated, the quantity of eutectic particles is obviously increased, and the quality of cast iron is improved, therefore, the silicon element content in the silicon iron ball is very important, and the silicon iron ball is one of purchase standards of manufacturers.
The current method for detecting the quality of the ferrosilicon balls is to detect the content of silicon compounds in the ferrosilicon balls, so that the content of silicon oxide is easy to calculate into the total silicon amount, but the silicon oxide is not useful in steelmaking, so that some manufacturers add useless silicon oxide for improving the silicon content of the surface, and the overall quality of the ferrosilicon balls is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ferrosilicon ball which can improve the temperature rise and the molten steel recovery rate in the stainless steel smelting process and reduce the cost.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation process of the ferrosilicon ball, which can prepare the ferrosilicon ball.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting ferrosilicon balls, which can more accurately detect the content of elemental silicon in the ferrosilicon balls.
The invention solves the technical problems by adopting the following technical scheme.
On one hand, the embodiment of the application provides a ferrosilicon ball which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 50-60% of ferrosilicon powder, 10-20% of ferrosilicon slag, 10-25% of metal silicon powder, 5-10% of metal silicon slag and 2-8% of binder.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the application provides a preparation process of ferrosilicon balls, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing ferrosilicon slag and metal ferrosilicon slag, then adding ferrosilicon powder and metal silica powder, finally adding a binder, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture;
and heating the mixture, and then adding the mixture into a high-strength press to perform press molding to obtain the ferrosilicon balls.
In still another aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for detecting a ferrosilicon sphere, specifically, a XRD qualitative semi-quantitative analysis method of SGS is used to detect the content of elemental silicon in the ferrosilicon sphere.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:
the ferrosilicon ball prepared by adopting ferrosilicon powder, ferrosilicon slag, metal silicon powder, metal silicon slag and a binder has better strength and silicon simple substance content, meets the process requirements, can be used as a heating agent and a reducing agent in the smelting process of 300-series and 200-series stainless steel in an AOD furnace, can effectively recover the oxide content of iron, chromium and manganese lost in smelting, improves the fluidity of slag liquid, reduces steel carried away by slag skimming liquid, and further improves the recovery rate of molten steel, increases the efficiency of smelting cold steel, and achieves the aims of reducing carbon and reducing emission. Under the condition that the molten iron contains lower carbon and silicon, the method has obvious cost-reducing effect, and has no influence on the process smoothness and quality.
According to the invention, the XRD qualitative semi-quantitative analysis method of SGS is adopted to analyze the elemental silicon in the silicon iron ball, so that the result is clearer and more accurate, and compared with the method for detecting the elemental silicon in the prior art, the method for detecting the elemental silicon can avoid the condition that manufacturers add other silicon compounds which are useless for production, and improve the industry standard.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
The ferrosilicon ball comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 50-60% of ferrosilicon powder, 10-20% of ferrosilicon slag, 10-25% of metal silicon powder, 5-10% of metal silicon slag and 2-8% of binder.
Ferrosilicon powder is an iron alloy composed of iron and silicon, and ferrosilicon is an indispensable deoxidizer in the steelmaking industry. In steelmaking, ferrosilicon is used for precipitation deoxidization and diffusion deoxidization. The brick blank is also used as an alloying agent in steelmaking. The steel is added with a certain amount of silicon, so that the strength, hardness and elasticity of the steel can be obviously improved, the magnetic conductivity of the steel is improved, and the hysteresis loss of the transformer steel is reduced.
The ferrosilicon slag mentioned in the invention is widely produced ferrosilicon leftovers or materials with insufficient ferrosilicon content in steel production; the metal silicon slag is metal silicon leftovers or materials with insufficient metal silicon content; the invention uses the ferrosilicon leftovers and the metal ferrosilicon leftovers for preparing new ferrosilicon balls for the steel industry, realizes the recycling of the leftovers, and saves energy and cost.
The metal silicon powder contains high-purity silicon simple substance and is used for improving the silicon content of the whole silicon iron ball.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the silicon content in the ferrosilicon powder is 50-65%, and the particle sizes of the ferrosilicon powder and the metal silicon powder are 60-100 meshes. The ferrosilicon powder and the metal silicon powder are fine powder, so that the ferrosilicon powder and the metal silicon powder can be dispersed in ferrosilicon balls more uniformly.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the silicon content in the ferrosilicon slag is 35-42% and the iron content is 40-45%. The ferrosilicon slag adopts production leftovers with lower ferrosilicon content, so that on one hand, the cost is reduced, and on the other hand, a recycling way is provided for the existing low-grade ferrosilicon leftovers.
In some embodiments of the invention, the particle size of the above-mentioned metallic silicon slag and ferrosilicon slag is 10-20 mesh. The metal silicon slag and the ferrosilicon slag are coarse powder, can be used as a skeleton structure of ferrosilicon balls, and can be filled with finer metal silicon powder and ferrosilicon powder in gaps between the metal silicon slag and the ferrosilicon slag, so that the effect of stronger strength can be achieved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the binder is one or both of corn starch and water glass. The corn starch can have the bonding effect on each component; the water glass has better viscosity after being heated and melted. Corn starch and/or water glass are used as adhesive, so that the bonding effect can be achieved, and the added impurities can be reduced.
In some embodiments of the invention, the binder is a mixture of corn starch and water glass at a ratio of 1: (4-8) by mass ratio. The mixed adhesive of the corn starch and the water glass is adopted, so that a better adhesive effect can be achieved, the corn starch and the water glass are added into a system of ferrosilicon powder, ferrosilicon slag, metal silicon powder and metal silicon slag, the viscosity of the water glass is increased after heating, the corn starch is tightly wrapped on other raw materials, then the corn starch is gelatinized in the pressing process, and the overall viscosity among all components of the ferrosilicon ball is continuously ensured.
A preparation process of ferrosilicon balls comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing ferrosilicon slag and metal ferrosilicon slag, then adding ferrosilicon powder and metal silica powder, finally adding a binder, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture;
and heating the mixture, and then adding the mixture into a high-strength press to perform press molding to obtain the ferrosilicon balls.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mixing and stirring time is 10-30 min. The raw materials are fully mixed to form a firm ferrosilicon ball framework, a filler and a binder, so that the overall strength and the firmness of the ferrosilicon ball framework are improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the particle size of the ferrosilicon spheres is 10-50 mm, and the moisture content is less than or equal to 3%.
The detection method specifically adopts XRD qualitative semi-quantitative analysis of SGS to detect the content of simple substance silicon in the ferrosilicon ball. According to the invention, the XRD qualitative semi-quantitative analysis method of SGS is adopted to analyze the elemental silicon in the ferrosilicon spheres, so that the result is clearer and more accurate, and compared with the method for detecting the elemental silicon in the prior art, the method for detecting the elemental silicon can avoid the condition that manufacturers add other silicon compounds which are useless for production, and improve the industry standard.
The features and capabilities of the present invention are described in further detail below in connection with the examples.
Example 1
A ferrosilicon pellet prepared by the method comprising:
raw material preparation: 55kg of ferrosilicon powder, 15kg of ferrosilicon slag, 20kg of metallic silicon powder, 5kg of metallic silicon slag, 0.7kg of corn starch and 4.3kg of water glass.
The preparation process comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing ferrosilicon slag and metal ferrosilicon slag for 15min, then adding ferrosilicon powder and metal silicon powder, mixing for 10min, finally adding corn starch and water glass, mixing and stirring for 30min to obtain a mixture;
the mixture is heated at 45 ℃ for 5min, then is placed in a high-strength pressing machine for pressing, the pressing pressure is adjusted, and the mixture is pressed into ferrosilicon balls with the granularity of 20 mm.
The strength test is carried out on the ferrosilicon ball prepared in the embodiment, and the ferrosilicon ball is not broken in 1.5m free falling in the air, so that the ferrosilicon ball is qualified in strength.
Example 2
A ferrosilicon pellet prepared by the method comprising:
raw material preparation: 50kg of ferrosilicon powder, 10kg of ferrosilicon slag, 25kg of metallic silicon powder, 7kg of metallic silicon slag, 2kg of corn starch and 8kg of water glass.
The preparation process comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing ferrosilicon slag and metal ferrosilicon slag for 10min, then adding ferrosilicon powder and metal silicon powder, mixing for 15min, finally adding corn starch and water glass, mixing and stirring for 30min to obtain a mixture;
the mixture was heated at 45℃for 5min and then placed in a high-strength press for pressing, the pressing pressure was adjusted, and the granules were pressed into ferrosilicon pellets having a particle size of 50 mm.
The strength test is carried out on the ferrosilicon ball prepared in the embodiment, and the ferrosilicon ball is not broken in 1.5m free falling in the air, so that the ferrosilicon ball is qualified in strength.
Example 3
A ferrosilicon pellet prepared by the method comprising:
preparing raw materials: 60kg of ferrosilicon powder, 15kg of ferrosilicon slag, 10kg of metallic silicon powder, 10kg of metallic silicon slag, 0.8kg of corn starch and 4.2kg of water glass.
The preparation process comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing ferrosilicon slag and metal ferrosilicon slag for 8min, then adding ferrosilicon powder and metal silicon powder, mixing for 10min, finally adding corn starch and water glass, mixing and stirring for 40min to obtain a mixture;
the mixture is heated for 5min at 50 ℃, then is put into a high-strength pressing machine for pressing, the pressing pressure is adjusted, and the mixture is pressed into ferrosilicon balls with the granularity of 10 mm.
The strength test is carried out on the ferrosilicon ball prepared in the embodiment, and the ferrosilicon ball is not broken in 1.5m free falling in the air, so that the ferrosilicon ball is qualified in strength.
Example 4
A ferrosilicon pellet prepared by the method comprising:
raw material preparation: 50kg of ferrosilicon powder, 20kg of ferrosilicon slag, 17kg of metallic silicon powder, 5kg of metallic silicon slag, 1kg of corn starch and 7kg of water glass.
The preparation process comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing ferrosilicon slag and metal ferrosilicon slag for 5min, then adding ferrosilicon powder and metal silicon powder, mixing for 15min, finally adding corn starch and water glass, mixing and stirring for 40min to obtain a mixture;
the mixture was heated at 42℃for 6min and then placed in a high-strength press for pressing, the pressing pressure was adjusted, and the granules were pressed into ferrosilicon pellets having a size of 50 mm.
The strength test is carried out on the ferrosilicon ball prepared in the embodiment, and the ferrosilicon ball is not broken in 1.5m free falling in the air, so that the ferrosilicon ball is qualified in strength.
Example 5
A ferrosilicon pellet prepared by the method comprising:
raw material preparation: 52kg of ferrosilicon powder, 18kg of ferrosilicon slag, 12kg of metallic silicon powder, 6kg of metallic silicon slag, 0.3kg of corn starch and 1.7kg of water glass.
The preparation process comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing ferrosilicon slag and metal ferrosilicon slag for 8min, then adding ferrosilicon powder and metal silicon powder, mixing for 10min, finally adding corn starch and water glass, mixing and stirring for 30min to obtain a mixture;
the mixture is heated at 45 ℃ for 6min, then is placed in a high-strength press for pressing, the pressing pressure is adjusted, and the mixture is pressed into ferrosilicon balls with the granularity of 10 mm.
The strength test is carried out on the ferrosilicon ball prepared in the embodiment, and the ferrosilicon ball is not broken in 1.5m free falling in the air, so that the ferrosilicon ball is qualified in strength.
Example 6
A ferrosilicon pellet prepared by the method comprising:
raw material preparation: 50kg of ferrosilicon powder, 10kg of ferrosilicon slag, 25kg of metallic silicon powder, 8kg of metallic silicon slag, 1kg of corn starch and 6kg of water glass.
The preparation process comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing ferrosilicon slag and metal ferrosilicon slag for 8min, then adding ferrosilicon powder and metal silicon powder, mixing for 10min, finally adding corn starch and water glass, mixing and stirring for 40min to obtain a mixture;
the mixture is heated for 5min at 50 ℃, then is put into a high-strength pressing machine for pressing, the pressing pressure is adjusted, and the mixture is pressed into ferrosilicon balls with the granularity of 10 mm.
The strength test is carried out on the ferrosilicon ball prepared in the embodiment, and the ferrosilicon ball is not broken in 1.5m free falling in the air, so that the ferrosilicon ball is qualified in strength.
Example 7
A ferrosilicon pellet prepared by the method comprising:
raw material preparation: 52kg of ferrosilicon powder, 15kg of ferrosilicon slag, 20kg of metallic silicon powder, 10kg of metallic silicon slag, 0.5kg of corn starch and 2.5kg of water glass.
The preparation process comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing ferrosilicon slag and metal ferrosilicon slag for 5min, then adding ferrosilicon powder and metal silicon powder, mixing for 5min, finally adding corn starch and water glass, mixing and stirring for 40min to obtain a mixture;
the mixture was heated at 50℃for 3min and then placed in a high-strength press for pressing, the pressing pressure was adjusted, and the granules were pressed into ferrosilicon pellets having a particle size of 30 mm.
The strength test is carried out on the ferrosilicon ball prepared in the embodiment, and the ferrosilicon ball is not broken in 1.5m free falling in the air, so that the ferrosilicon ball is qualified in strength.
Example 8
A ferrosilicon pellet prepared by the method comprising:
raw material preparation: 60kg of ferrosilicon powder, 15kg of ferrosilicon slag, 10kg of metallic silicon powder, 10kg of metallic silicon slag, 0.7kg of corn starch and 4.3kg of water glass.
The preparation process comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing ferrosilicon slag and metal ferrosilicon slag for 6min, then adding ferrosilicon powder and metal silicon powder, mixing for 6min, finally adding corn starch and water glass, mixing and stirring for 35min to obtain a mixture;
the mixture was heated at 45℃for 3min and then placed in a high-strength press for pressing, the pressing pressure was adjusted, and the granules were pressed into ferrosilicon pellets having a particle size of 30 mm.
The strength test is carried out on the ferrosilicon ball prepared in the embodiment, and the ferrosilicon ball is not broken in 1.5m free falling in the air, so that the ferrosilicon ball is qualified in strength.
Experimental example 1
The experimental example explores the effect of the binder on the ferrosilicon spheres.
The experimental example provided 6 experimental groups, each of which was performed on the basis of example 1, differing only in the binder. Wherein the experimental group 1 is a blank experimental group, and no adhesive is added; experiment group 2 only corn starch was added as additive in an amount of 5kg (total amount of raw corn starch and water glass); experiment group 3 added only water glass as additive in an amount of 5kg (total amount of raw corn starch and water glass); experiment group 4 was similar to example 1, with corn starch 0.7kg, water glass 4.3kg, and experiment group 5 using the existing common binder (bentonite) with an addition of 5kg.
The compressive strength of the ferrosilicon spheres prepared from 5 experimental groups was measured, and the measurement results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Grouping | Experiment group 1 | Experiment group 2 | Experiment group 3 | Experiment group 4 | Experiment group 5 |
| Compressive Strength/N | 531 | 1162 | 1793 | 2835 | 2481 |
As can be seen from table 1, in the system of ferrosilicon powder, ferrosilicon slag, silicon metal powder and silicon metal slag, better effect can be achieved by adopting bentonite (experimental group 5) and adopting corn starch-water glass composite adhesive (experimental group 4), wherein the compressive strength of the corn starch-water glass composite adhesive is higher. The corn starch and the water glass are independently adopted as the adhesive in the experimental group 2 and the experimental group 3, and the prepared ferrosilicon ball has low compressive strength, so that the effect is poor when the ferrosilicon ball is independently used, and the combination of the ferrosilicon ball and the adhesive can generate better viscosity effect. Through experiments, the strength of the ferrosilicon ball is higher, the loss in the stainless steel smelting process can be reduced, and the powder is reduced, so that the heating value compensation effect of the ferrosilicon ball in the use process is better.
Experimental example 2
The silicon content of the ferrosilicon spheres (control group) prepared in a certain factory and the ferrosilicon spheres (experimental group) prepared in example 1 of the present invention were detected.
Firstly, the current conventional GB/T4333.1 chemical method is adopted for analysis, and the detection results are that the silicon content in a control group and an experimental group is more than 50%, and the silicon content is qualified and meets the factory entering standard.
The control group and the experimental group of ferrosilicon spheres are then analyzed by XRD qualitative semi-quantitative analysis of SGS, the content of each component of the ferrosilicon spheres (experimental group) prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention is shown in table 2, and the content of each component of the ferrosilicon spheres in the control group is shown in table 3.
TABLE 2
TABLE 3 Table 3
| Phase (3) | Unit (B) | Detecting data |
| silicon-Si | ％ | 38 |
| quartz-SiO 2 | ％ | 6 |
| Cristobalite-SiO 2 | ％ | 3 |
| Silicon carbide-SiC | ％ | 5 |
| anorthite-CaAl 2 SiO 4 | ％ | 11 |
| alumina-Al 2 O 3 | ％ | 5 |
| calcite-CaCO 3 | ％ | 1 |
| Amorphous material | ％ | 31 |
As can be seen from tables 3 and 2, the common detection method only detects the content of silicon elements, including silicon oxide, anorthite and other silicon elements, namely the detected silicon elements are not only simple silicon substances, but also silicon compounds which are useless for the stainless steel smelting process, and the XRD qualitative semi-quantitative analysis method is adopted for detection, so that the content of the simple silicon substances in the ferrosilicon spheres can be detected independently, and the detection result is more accurate and more acceptable.
The silicon iron balls in the control group and the silicon iron balls prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention are applied to the AOD furnace smelting 300-series stainless steel smelting process for comparison test, and the test process specifically comprises the following steps: adding dephosphorized molten iron into an AOD furnace, calculating theoretical temperature after carbon and silicon oxidation according to the batching condition, the carbon and silicon content and the temperature of the molten iron, and calculating the consumption of ferrosilicon balls by using the difference value between the theoretical temperature and the temperature required for smelting; if the adding amount is large, the adding should be started in batches when the blowing is started, the cold material is added once, the ferrosilicon balls are added once, after the cold material is added, the temperature is raised to the temperature required by the process, the oxygen supply is stopped, nitrogen (argon) is replaced, then the nitrogen (argon) is properly replaced as a reducing agent, the reduction is carried out for 2-3 minutes, the full reduction is ensured, the slag liquid has good fluidity, the temperature sampling is carried out while the slag is poured, the slag pouring is necessary to be clean, and the test slag sample is subjected to the component assay and the comparison.
Wherein, the silicon iron balls prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention are adopted as the serial numbers 1 to 5, and the silicon iron balls of the control group are adopted as the serial numbers 6 to 9. The test results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 Table 4
As can be seen from Table 4, the ferrosilicon pellets prepared in example 1 of the present invention, which have Cr in the residue 2 O 3 The content of (C) is obviously lower than that of a control group, which indicates that the catalyst can promote the conversion and removal of oxides in molten steel. Years of use prove that the ferrosilicon ball prepared by the method in the smelting process of the stainless steel of the 300 series in the AOD furnace has obvious cost reduction effect under the condition of lower carbon and silicon in molten iron components, and has no influence on the process smoothness and quality.
After steel making tests are carried out on the silicon iron balls of the control group and the silicon iron balls of the experimental group, the economic consumption of the silicon iron balls is calculated under the test condition that the carbon and silicon contents in molten iron are low, and the results are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5
As can be seen from Table 5, the test was conducted under the same conditions of lower carbon and silicon content in molten iron, and compared with the ferrosilicon spheres prepared in the control group, the ferrosilicon spheres in the experimental group have higher price even if being pelletized, but have low FeSi consumption in the total system due to high silicon single substance content and low consumption, and the final economic total cost is lower, thereby saving the cost and having no influence on the process development and quality.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a ferrosilicon ball, a preparation process and a detection method thereof. The ferrosilicon ball prepared by adopting ferrosilicon powder, ferrosilicon slag, metal silicon powder, metal silicon slag and a binder has better strength and silicon simple substance content, meets the process requirements, can be used as a heating agent and a reducing agent in the smelting process of 300-series and 200-series stainless steel in an AOD furnace, can effectively recover the oxide content of iron, chromium and manganese lost in smelting, improves the fluidity of slag liquid, reduces steel carried away by slag skimming liquid, and further improves the recovery rate of molten steel, increases the efficiency of smelting cold steel, and achieves the aims of reducing carbon and reducing emission. Under the condition of lower carbon and silicon content of molten iron, the method has obvious cost-reducing effect and has no influence on the process smoothness and quality.
According to the invention, the XRD qualitative semi-quantitative analysis method of SGS is adopted to analyze the elemental silicon in the silicon iron ball, so that the result is clearer and more accurate, and compared with the method for detecting the elemental silicon in the prior art, the method for detecting the elemental silicon can avoid the condition that manufacturers add other silicon compounds which are useless for production, and improve the industry standard.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The ferrosilicon ball is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 50-60% of ferrosilicon powder, 10-20% of ferrosilicon slag, 10-25% of metal silicon powder, 5-10% of metal silicon slag and 2-8% of binder; the binding agent is prepared from corn starch and water glass according to a proportion of 1: (4-8) mass ratio;
the preparation process of the ferrosilicon ball comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing ferrosilicon slag and metal ferrosilicon slag, then adding ferrosilicon powder and metal silica powder, finally adding a binder, mixing and stirring to obtain a mixture;
and heating the mixture, and then adding the mixture into a high-strength press to perform press molding to obtain the ferrosilicon balls.
2. The ferrosilicon ball according to claim 1, wherein the silicon content in the ferrosilicon powder is 50-65%, and the granularity of the ferrosilicon powder and the metallic silicon powder is 60-100 meshes.
3. The ferrosilicon pellet of claim 1 wherein the ferrosilicon slag has a silicon content of 35-42% and an iron content of 40-45%.
4. A ferrosilicon pellet according to claim 3, wherein the metal and ferrosilicon slag have a particle size of 10-20 mesh.
5. The ferrosilicon pellet according to claim 1, wherein the binder is one or both of corn starch and water glass.
6. The ferrosilicon pellet according to claim 1, wherein the mixing and stirring time is 10-30 min.
7. The ferrosilicon pellet according to claim 1, wherein the ferrosilicon pellet has a particle size of 10-50 mm and a moisture content of 3% or less.
8. Method for detecting ferrosilicon spheres according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the method comprises in particular: and detecting the content of the simple substance silicon in the ferrosilicon ball by adopting an XRD qualitative semi-quantitative analysis method.
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