CN114226951B - Spindle box - Google Patents

Spindle box Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114226951B
CN114226951B CN202111579387.7A CN202111579387A CN114226951B CN 114226951 B CN114226951 B CN 114226951B CN 202111579387 A CN202111579387 A CN 202111579387A CN 114226951 B CN114226951 B CN 114226951B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
main shaft
clamping mechanism
piston
oil
box body
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Active
Application number
CN202111579387.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114226951A (en
Inventor
牛永
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tianjin Penghu Technology Co ltd
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Tianjin Penghu Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111579387.7A priority Critical patent/CN114226951B/en
Publication of CN114226951A publication Critical patent/CN114226951A/en
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Publication of CN114226951B publication Critical patent/CN114226951B/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1245Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
    • B23K20/125Rotary tool drive mechanism
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/26Auxiliary equipment
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a main shaft box, which comprises a main shaft box body, a main shaft, an accelerating mechanism and a hydraulic pipeline, wherein the main shaft arranged in the main shaft box body comprises a clamping mechanism, a pull rod and a piston which are coaxially arranged, a workpiece to be welded is clamped in the clamping mechanism, the tail end of the clamping mechanism is assembled in the main shaft box body through a bearing, and the pull rod is connected with the tail end of the clamping mechanism; one end of the piston is connected with the pull rod, and the other end of the piston is in transmission connection with the accelerating mechanism; the front end of the clamping mechanism is provided with an inertia wheel; the hydraulic pipeline supplies oil or returns oil for the piston through an oil inlet and an oil return port which are arranged on the main shaft box body. The hydraulic oil way is applied to friction welding equipment, and the opposite force is applied to the bearing of the clamping mechanism through the hydraulic oil way to offset the welding force, so that the bearing is balanced in stress and can support higher rotating speed; the hydraulic motor is used as a driving piece to drive the main shaft to rotate, and meanwhile, the hydraulic pipeline supplies oil or returns oil for the cavity of the piston, so that the clamping mechanism tightens or loosens the operation of the workpiece.

Description

Spindle box
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of friction welding equipment, in particular to a main shaft box.
Background
Rotary friction welding is a typical friction welding process, and conventional rotary friction welding equipment mainly comprises a mechanical system, a hydraulic system and an electrical control system. The mechanical system refers to a machine tool part and mainly comprises a rotary power device, a transmission device, a rotary clamp, a movable device, a pressure device and the like.
In the prior art, a direct current motor is used as a friction welding machine of rotary power, so that the transmission is convenient, a main shaft of a transmission device and a motor shaft of the direct current motor are often arranged in a linkage way, and when a rotary clamp stops rotating, the main shaft and the motor shaft of the direct current motor are required to be stopped together, so that more parts need to be stopped, the abrasion of brake parts is more, the service life of the brake parts is influenced, the braking is not timely caused, and the control of the stopping time is insensitive.
In addition, during the rotary friction welding, the first welding workpiece is fixed on the rotary clamp, the second welding workpiece is fixed on the movable clamp, the movable clamp is close to the rotary clamp through the pressure device, so that the first welding workpiece and the second welding workpiece are aligned to be in contact, and pressure is applied between the first welding workpiece and the second welding workpiece; at this time, the bearing clamping the first welding workpiece is subjected to friction welding acting force while rotating, so that the precision of the bearing is easily reduced, the welding coaxiality is error, and the precision of the welding workpiece is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a spindle box which solves the problems in the prior art, can clamp a workpiece conveniently and rapidly, and can ensure that a friction welding piece has higher machining precision.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: the invention provides a main shaft box, which comprises a main shaft box body, a main shaft, an accelerating mechanism and a hydraulic pipeline, wherein the main shaft arranged in the main shaft box body comprises a clamping mechanism, a pull rod and a piston which are coaxially arranged, a workpiece to be welded is clamped in the clamping mechanism, the tail end of the clamping mechanism is assembled in the main shaft box body through a bearing, and the pull rod is connected with the tail end of the clamping mechanism; one end of the piston is connected with the pull rod, the other end of the piston is connected with a bearing installation shaft, the other end of the bearing installation shaft is connected with a spline shaft, and the spline shaft is connected with the accelerating mechanism; the front end of the clamping mechanism is provided with an inertia wheel; the hydraulic pipeline supplies oil or returns oil for the piston through an oil inlet and an oil return opening which are arranged on the main shaft box body.
Preferably, the clamping mechanism comprises a sandwich chuck and a taper sleeve, the tail end of the sandwich chuck is assembled in the taper sleeve, and the workpiece to be welded is clamped by the sandwich chuck and stretches into the taper sleeve.
Preferably, the tail end of the sandwich chuck is in transmission connection with the piston through the pull rod, and the piston pulls the taper sleeve to move back and forth so as to release and clamp a workpiece.
Preferably, the accelerating mechanism comprises a hydraulic motor, the hydraulic motor is connected with the spline shaft through the accelerating mechanism, and the hydraulic motor is used for driving the main shaft to rotate.
Preferably, an output shaft of the hydraulic motor is in transmission connection with the accelerating mechanism, the spline shaft and the bearing mounting shaft in sequence.
Preferably, the device further comprises a deburring mechanism, wherein the deburring mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the spindle box body, the deburring mechanism comprises a deburring cutter, a disc spring and an oil cylinder, the deburring cutter is of a disc type structure with a through hole in the center, the deburring cutter is assembled in the center of a mounting plate in a shape like a Chinese character 'ji', and the deburring cutter and the clamping mechanism are coaxially arranged; the two ends of the disc spring are respectively fixed with a connecting plate, the connecting plate on one side is fixedly connected with the telescopic end of the oil cylinder, and the connecting column penetrates through the mounting end of the mounting plate and the main shaft box body and then is fixed with the connecting plate on the other side of the disc spring.
Preferably, a limit frame is arranged between the oil cylinder and the disc spring, a connecting plate at one side of the disc spring is abutted against the inner side wall of the limit frame, the oil cylinder is arranged at the outer side of the limit frame, the disc spring is sleeved on a connecting column, the connecting column is connected in series at a coaxial hole formed between the limit frame and the main shaft box body, and the T-shaped column penetrates through the connecting column and is fixedly connected with the extending end of the oil cylinder; the limiting frame is fixedly arranged on the main shaft box body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the main shaft box is applied to friction welding equipment, is communicated with a main shaft through the hydraulic pipeline, supplies oil to the assembled bearing of the clamping mechanism while providing lubrication for other parts in the main shaft, and counteracts welding force by providing opposite force to the bearing through the hydraulic oil way while friction welding, so that the bearing is balanced in stress, higher rotating speed can be supported, and the service life of the main shaft box can be effectively prolonged; in addition, the hydraulic motor is used as a driving piece to drive the main shaft to rotate, so that an initial rotating speed is provided for the workpiece to be welded before welding, and meanwhile, the hydraulic pipeline supplies oil or returns oil for the cavity of the piston, so that the clamping mechanism tightens or loosens the operation of the workpiece.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a headstock;
FIG. 2 is an overall schematic of the spindle;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the spindle;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A of the spindle of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the oil supply to the hydraulic lines;
wherein, 1 a main shaft box body; 2, an inertia wheel; 3, an accelerating mechanism; 4, an oil cylinder; 5 disc springs; 6, a flash cutter; 7, a main shaft; 8 taper sleeves; a 9 sandwich chuck; 10, a pull rod; 11 pistons; 12 acceleration box.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a spindle box which solves the problems in the prior art, can clamp a workpiece conveniently and rapidly, and can ensure that a friction welding piece has higher machining precision.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the present embodiment provides a spindle box, which is applied to a friction welding device, and comprises a spindle box body 1, a spindle 7, an accelerating mechanism 3 and a hydraulic pipeline, wherein the spindle 7 arranged in the spindle box body 1 comprises a clamping mechanism, a pull rod 10 and a piston 11 which are coaxially arranged, a workpiece to be welded is clamped in the clamping mechanism, the tail end of the clamping mechanism is assembled in the spindle box body 1 through a bearing, and the pull rod 10 is connected with the tail end of the clamping mechanism; one end of the piston 11 is connected with the pull rod 10, the other end of the piston is connected with a bearing installation shaft, the other end of the bearing installation shaft is connected with a spline shaft, and the spline shaft is connected with an accelerating mechanism; the front end of the clamping mechanism is provided with an inertia wheel 2; the hydraulic pipeline supplies oil or returns oil for the piston 11 through an oil inlet and an oil return opening which are arranged on the main shaft box body 1.
Firstly, a rear cavity at the position of a piston 11 is filled with oil, a front cavity is filled with oil, the piston 11 moves forwards to drive a clamping mechanism to move forwards, the clamping mechanism is in a loosening state, and a workpiece to be welded is clamped in the clamping mechanism; the rear cavity at the piston 11 returns oil, the front cavity returns oil, the piston 11 moves backwards, and the clamping mechanism is driven to move backwards to clamp a workpiece; at this time, the accelerating mechanism 3 installed in the accelerating box 12 starts to work, drives the piston 11, the pull rod 10 and the clamping mechanism which are coaxially installed to synchronously rotate, provides rotating speed for the workpiece to be welded, and stops the accelerating mechanism 3 when the rotating speed of the workpiece reaches the designated rotating speed, and the clamping mechanism continues to rotate under the drive of the inertia wheel 2.
According to the different rod materials, the inertia wheel 2 with different specifications can be replaced, the inertia wheel 2 is used for storing inertia, and the larger the weight of the inertia wheel 2 is, the larger the inertia is.
In this embodiment, the clamping mechanism comprises a taper sleeve 8 and a sandwich chuck 9, the tail end of the taper sleeve 8 is assembled in the sandwich chuck 9 through a bearing, and a workpiece to be welded is clamped by the sandwich chuck 9 and stretches into the taper sleeve 8. The bearing is also communicated with the hydraulic pipeline, oil is fed through the hydraulic pipeline in the friction welding process of the workpiece, so that opposite force is applied to the bearing to offset welding force, the load of the bearing can be reduced by the arrangement mode, and compared with the prior art, the spindle box can provide higher rotating speed for the workpiece (the output rotating speed of the spindle can reach 12000 r/min), the workpiece has better friction welding effect in the friction welding process, the connection stability of a welding surface is higher, and the high rotating speed can also meet the requirement of bar friction welding of various specifications.
In order to realize the clamping and loosening of the clamping mechanism, in the embodiment, the tail end of the sandwich chuck 9 is in transmission connection with the piston 11 through the pull rod 10, a hydraulic pipeline supplies oil or returns oil to the piston 11, and the piston 11 pulls the sandwich chuck 9 to move back and forth to realize the loosening and clamping of a workpiece. The piston 11 returns oil, the piston 11 moves forward to push the pull rod 10 and the sandwich chuck 9 to move forward, the sandwich chuck 9 is assembled in the taper sleeve 8, and at the moment, the sandwich chuck 9 is in a loosening state, and a workpiece to be welded is clamped in the sandwich chuck 9; after the clamping is completed, the oil is filled in the piston 11, the piston 11 moves backwards, and the pull rod 10 and the taper sleeve 8 are pulled to move backwards, so that the sandwich chuck 9 clamps a workpiece.
In this embodiment, the accelerating mechanism 3 adopts a hydraulic motor, the hydraulic motor is in transmission connection with the other end of the piston 11, an output shaft of the hydraulic motor is connected with a bearing mounting shaft through a spline shaft, then power is transmitted to the piston 11 through the bearing mounting shaft, and the hydraulic motor is used for driving the spindle 7 to rotate. The hydraulic motor provides rotating power for the main shaft 7, and oil inlet and oil return at the piston 11 drive the main shaft 7 to advance or retreat to clamp and loosen a workpiece, and the two are combined to jointly clamp and rotate the main shaft 7 in the friction welding process.
In order to make the welded surface of the welded workpiece smooth, the main spindle box in the embodiment is also provided with a flash removing mechanism, the outer side of the main spindle box body 1 is provided with the flash removing mechanism, the flash removing mechanism comprises a flash cutter 6, a disc spring 5 and an oil cylinder 4, the flash cutter 6 is of a disc type structure with a through hole at the center, the flash cutter 6 is assembled at the center of a mounting plate in a shape like a Chinese character 'ji', the flash cutter 6 and the clamping mechanism are coaxially arranged, and the welding positions of two friction welding workpieces are positioned between a taper sleeve 8 and the flash cutter 6; the disc spring 5 is sleeved on the connecting column, a coaxial hole is formed between the limiting frame and the main shaft box body 1, the connecting column is connected in the coaxial hole in series and moves back and forth, and the T-shaped column penetrates through the connecting column and is fixedly connected with the extending end of the oil cylinder 4, so that the connecting column is driven to move back and forth.
A limiting frame is arranged between the oil cylinder 4 and the disc spring 5, a connecting plate at one side of the disc spring 5 is abutted against the inner side wall of the limiting frame, and the oil cylinder 4 is arranged at the outer side of the limiting frame; the limiting frame is fixedly arranged on the main shaft box body 1.
After the welding of the two friction welding workpieces is completed, the oil cylinder 4 acts (the oil cylinder 4 is in an extending state in an initial state, the disc spring is in a compression state), the oil cylinder 4 is retracted instantaneously and then stops working, when the oil cylinder 4 is retracted instantaneously, the disc spring 5 is in an opening state and drives the connecting column to retract, at the moment, the mounting plate connected with the connecting column drives the flash cutter 6 to act in a direction close to the main shaft box body 1, the flash at the welding position of the two welding workpieces is scraped, and then the oil cylinder is pushed out and returns to the initial state.
The main shaft box is applied to friction welding equipment, is communicated with the main shaft 7 through the hydraulic pipeline, supplies oil for the assembled bearing of the clamping mechanism while providing lubrication for other parts in the main shaft 7, counteracts welding force by providing opposite force for the bearing through the hydraulic oil way while friction welding, and can effectively prolong the service life of the main shaft box; in addition, the hydraulic motor is used as a driving piece to drive the main shaft 7 to rotate, so that an initial rotating speed is provided for the workpiece to be welded before welding, and meanwhile, a hydraulic pipeline supplies oil or returns oil for the cavity of the piston 11, so that the clamping mechanism tightens or loosens the operation of the workpiece.
It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A headstock, characterized in that: the device comprises a main shaft box body, a main shaft, an accelerating mechanism and a hydraulic pipeline, wherein the main shaft arranged in the main shaft box body comprises a clamping mechanism, a pull rod and a piston which are coaxially arranged, a workpiece to be welded is clamped in the clamping mechanism, the tail end of the clamping mechanism is assembled in the main shaft box body through a bearing, the bearing is also communicated with the hydraulic pipeline, and oil is fed through the hydraulic pipeline in the friction welding process of the workpiece, so that an opposite force is applied to the bearing to counteract the welding force, and the arrangement mode can reduce the load of the bearing; the pull rod is connected with the tail end of the clamping mechanism; one end of the piston is connected with the pull rod, the other end of the piston is connected with a bearing installation shaft, the other end of the bearing installation shaft is connected with a spline shaft, and the spline shaft is connected with the accelerating mechanism; the front end of the clamping mechanism is provided with an inertia wheel; the hydraulic pipeline supplies oil or returns oil to the piston through an oil inlet and an oil return port which are arranged on the main shaft box body; the accelerating mechanism adopts a hydraulic motor, the hydraulic motor is connected with the spline shaft, and the hydraulic motor is used for driving the main shaft to rotate; and an output shaft of the hydraulic motor is sequentially connected with the spline shaft and the bearing installation shaft in a transmission way.
2. The headstock of claim 1, wherein: the clamping mechanism comprises a sandwich chuck and a taper sleeve, the tail end of the sandwich chuck is assembled in the taper sleeve, and a workpiece to be welded is clamped by the sandwich chuck and stretches into the taper sleeve.
3. The headstock of claim 2, wherein: the tail end of the sandwich chuck is in transmission connection with the piston through the pull rod, and the piston pulls the taper sleeve to move back and forth to loosen and clamp a workpiece.
4. The headstock of claim 1, wherein: the deburring mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the spindle box body, the deburring mechanism comprises a deburring cutter, a disc spring and an oil cylinder, the deburring cutter is of a disc type structure with a through hole in the center, the deburring cutter is assembled in the center of a mounting plate in a shape like a Chinese character 'ji', and the deburring cutter and the clamping mechanism are coaxially arranged; the two ends of the disc spring are respectively fixed with a connecting plate, the connecting plate on one side is fixedly connected with the telescopic end of the oil cylinder, and the connecting column penetrates through the mounting end of the mounting plate and the main shaft box body and then is fixed with the connecting plate on the other side of the disc spring.
5. The headstock of claim 4, wherein: a limiting frame is arranged between the oil cylinder and the disc spring, a connecting plate at one side of the disc spring is abutted against the inner side wall of the limiting frame, the oil cylinder is arranged at the outer side of the limiting frame, the disc spring is sleeved on a connecting column, the connecting column is connected in series at a coaxial hole formed between the limiting frame and the main shaft box body, and a T-shaped column penetrates through the connecting column and is fixedly connected with the extending end of the oil cylinder; the limiting frame is fixedly arranged on the main shaft box body.
CN202111579387.7A 2021-12-22 2021-12-22 Spindle box Active CN114226951B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111579387.7A CN114226951B (en) 2021-12-22 2021-12-22 Spindle box

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111579387.7A CN114226951B (en) 2021-12-22 2021-12-22 Spindle box

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CN114226951A CN114226951A (en) 2022-03-25
CN114226951B true CN114226951B (en) 2023-05-26

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1647884A (en) * 2004-01-26 2005-08-03 小原株式会社 Friction stir spot joining device
CN103071914A (en) * 2013-01-08 2013-05-01 天津大学 Fully hydraulic driven reconfigurable underwater operating device for numerical control frictional stitch welding machine
CN210115567U (en) * 2019-05-17 2020-02-28 辽宁工业大学 Friction welding machine capable of realizing no-leaving circular ring

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US3541669A (en) * 1968-11-20 1970-11-24 Caterpillar Tractor Co Orienting inertia welded parts
GB1518340A (en) * 1975-11-12 1978-07-19 Clarke Chapman Ltd Method of and apparatus for friction welding
CN201009099Y (en) * 2007-03-16 2008-01-23 普慧企业股份有限公司 Tool machine principal axis device with upset function
KR20090055262A (en) * 2007-11-28 2009-06-02 두산인프라코어 주식회사 Main axis device of machine tool
CN201399658Y (en) * 2009-05-12 2010-02-10 长春数控机床有限公司 Axle end welding device
CN201799616U (en) * 2010-09-03 2011-04-20 仪征双环设备制造有限公司 Machine tool spindle box
CN102909589B (en) * 2012-10-31 2015-01-14 普瑞森(安阳)机械有限公司 Mechanical tool-changing spindle used at direct machining center
CN105345251A (en) * 2014-08-18 2016-02-24 江苏锐成机械有限公司 Numerical control type double-end axle friction welding machine
CN105665915B (en) * 2016-03-15 2017-01-11 陕西理工学院 Large-tonnage friction welding machine
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JP6670219B2 (en) * 2016-10-21 2020-03-18 株式会社スギノマシン Spindle devices and machine tools
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Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1647884A (en) * 2004-01-26 2005-08-03 小原株式会社 Friction stir spot joining device
CN103071914A (en) * 2013-01-08 2013-05-01 天津大学 Fully hydraulic driven reconfigurable underwater operating device for numerical control frictional stitch welding machine
CN210115567U (en) * 2019-05-17 2020-02-28 辽宁工业大学 Friction welding machine capable of realizing no-leaving circular ring

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