CN114223926A - Automatic macro preparation device for tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil - Google Patents
Automatic macro preparation device for tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN114223926A CN114223926A CN202210052718.XA CN202210052718A CN114223926A CN 114223926 A CN114223926 A CN 114223926A CN 202210052718 A CN202210052718 A CN 202210052718A CN 114223926 A CN114223926 A CN 114223926A
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 167
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003571 electronic cigarette Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019506 cigar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019605 sweet taste sensations Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/16—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/167—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes in liquid or vaporisable form, e.g. liquid compositions for electronic cigarettes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic macro preparation device of tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil, which comprises a sample introduction unit, a pyrolysis unit and an oil collection unit which are sequentially connected; the pyrolysis unit comprises a pyrolysis furnace chamber, the inlet end of the pyrolysis furnace chamber is in sealed butt joint with the outlet end of the sample injection unit, and the outlet end of the pyrolysis furnace chamber is in sealed butt joint with the inlet end of the oil collection unit; the sample introduction unit is used for sending the tobacco sample into the pyrolysis furnace chamber and taking the tobacco sample residues out of the pyrolysis furnace chamber, the pyrolysis furnace chamber is used for heating the tobacco sample under the atmosphere of protective gas, the oil collection unit is used for extracting and condensing the gas in the pyrolysis furnace chamber under the action of negative pressure, and the pyrolysis oil after the gas is condensed is collected through the oil collection unit. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the automatic macro preparation of the tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil is realized, the production efficiency is improved, and the labor intensity of operators is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tobacco product preparation device, in particular to an automatic macro-preparation device for low-temperature tobacco pyrolysis oil.
Background
The tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil not only can be used as a core raw material for preparing the electronic cigarette oil with the high simulated cigarette smoke smoking taste, but also has important use value in low-temperature cigarettes and conventional cigarettes. For example, the 201410680752.7 and 201410679427.9 patents of Ningmin et al disclose respectively "a tobacco-flue-cured type electronic cigarette liquid" and "a cigar type electronic cigarette liquid", which are prepared by compounding a distillation condensate (low-temperature pyrolysis oil) obtained by heating a tobacco raw material (preferably tobacco powder) at a low temperature with glycerol, propylene glycol or a mixture of the two, and have good simulated cigarette smoke suction mouth smoke feeling because the obtained low-temperature pyrolysis oil contains not only high-concentration nicotine but also abundant important cigarette smoke characteristic flavor substances formed by evaporation of tobacco endogenous substances, thermal decomposition of tobacco components and Maillard reaction of dry heat. Zhang Xiaoyu et al (Zhang Xiaoyu, Tian Shao Feng, Juglan, et al. pyrolysis method for preparation of oxa-ring perfumes and their use in cigarettes, tobacco technology, 2016, 49 (9): 33-41) reported a method for preparation of oxa-ring perfumes by pyrolysis method, which comprises subjecting flue-cured tobacco powder to low-temperature pyrolysis to obtain pyrolysis oil, and then subjecting the pyrolysis oil under optimum pyrolysis conditions to C18Separating by a chromatographic column to finally obtain the oxacyclo-type spice, wherein the spice is derived from the pyrolysis of tobacco and does not have non-tobacco miscellaneous gas, so that the oxacyclo-type spice has good harmony with the smoke of the cigarette, and has the functions of revealing the sweet aroma style of the smoke, reducing the irritation and the dry feeling, increasing the aroma and the richness, enabling the smoke to be fine and soft, covering miscellaneous gas and increasing the sweet taste.
However, the above devices for preparing low-temperature pyrolysis oil for tobacco are all small tube furnace pyrolyzers which are purely manually operated, the maximum amount of tobacco powder used in each pyrolysis is usually 3g, and in order to obtain a large amount of pyrolysis oil, the preparation personnel needs to continuously repeat the operation, which not only reduces the production efficiency, but also wastes manpower. The reports of a macroscopic preparation device for low-temperature tobacco pyrolysis oil are provided. For example, 202022547192.1 Chinese patent and 202011235476.5 Chinese patent of guangxing et al disclose respectively "a device for macro preparation of tobacco thermal reaction spices" and "a method for macro preparation of tobacco thermal reaction spices", which adopt circulating hot oil to heat a closed extraction pot with a stirrer and capable of introducing nitrogen, then the extraction pot heats the tobacco material placed therein, and the pyrolysis product is obtained by adopting the modes of condensation, alcohol absorption and concentration, although the single feeding quantity of the device is large, after each sample heating, in order to carry out the next pyrolysis of the tobacco material, the extraction pot needs to be opened under the condition of reducing the temperature to remove the tobacco material residue formed by heating in the pot, because the cooling rate of the circulating hot oil and the extraction pot is slow, the waiting time of the production gap is long, and in the concentration process, the first condensate needs to be transferred to the concentration pot and combined with the product absorbed by ethanol, then, concentration is carried out for a long time, so the production efficiency is still not high, the whole preparation process needs manual fabrication, and the labor intensity of personnel is still high when multiple batches of preparation are carried out; in addition, when the tobacco material is tobacco powder, in the stirring process, the tobacco powder and tobacco powder residues generally flow out together with nitrogen and pyrolysis products and enter a condensation pipeline, so that not only can the pipeline be blocked, but also a large amount of particles exist in the prepared pyrolysis oil, so that difficulty is caused in using the pyrolysis oil, and therefore before preparation, other non-tobacco components such as a binder and the like need to be added into the tobacco powder to form tobacco particles from the tobacco powder, and then pyrolysis is performed, so that the production cost is increased, and other non-tobacco chemical components can also be introduced into the pyrolysis product. Thus, its specific application is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an automatic macro-preparation device of tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil, so as to realize the automatic and continuous preparation of the low-temperature pyrolysis oil by adopting various tobacco materials including tobacco powder, thereby improving the production efficiency and reducing the labor intensity of operators.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an automatic macro preparation device of tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil is provided with a sample introduction unit, a pyrolysis unit and an oil collection unit which are sequentially connected; the pyrolysis unit comprises a pyrolysis furnace chamber, the inlet end of the pyrolysis furnace chamber is in sealed butt joint with the outlet end of the sample feeding unit, and the outlet end of the pyrolysis furnace chamber is in sealed butt joint with the inlet end of the oil collecting unit; the sample introduction unit is used for feeding tobacco samples into the pyrolysis furnace chamber and taking out the pyrolyzed tobacco samples from the pyrolysis furnace chamber, the pyrolysis furnace chamber is used for heating the tobacco samples in the atmosphere of protective gas, the oil collection unit is used for extracting and condensing the gas in the pyrolysis furnace chamber under the action of negative pressure, and pyrolysis oil condensed by the oil collection unit is collected.
According to the preferable scheme of the device, the oil collecting unit comprises an oil collecting frame, a connecting pipe is arranged on the oil collecting frame, the oil collecting unit is in sealing butt joint with the outlet end of the pyrolysis furnace chamber through the connecting pipe, an oil collecting funnel is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the connecting pipe, a main oil collecting cup is arranged below the oil collecting funnel at the bottom of the oil collecting frame, the top end of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected with a condenser, the top end of the condenser is connected with a tail gas collector, the gas outlet of the tail gas collector is connected with an oil mist separator through a first gas pipe, the gas outlet of the oil mist separator is connected with a negative pressure generator through a second gas pipe, and an auxiliary oil collecting cup is arranged below the oil outlet of the oil mist separator.
According to the preferred scheme of the device, the connecting pipe is fixedly mounted on a fixing frame, the fixing frame is arranged on an oil collecting rack in a sliding mode, an adjusting seat is arranged on the oil collecting rack, a threaded hole is formed in the adjusting seat, a horizontal lead screw is connected into the threaded hole of the adjusting seat in a threaded mode, one end of the horizontal lead screw is connected with the fixing frame in a rotating mode, a rocking handle is arranged at the other end of the horizontal lead screw, the rocking handle is rotated to drive the horizontal lead screw to rotate, the fixing frame is driven by the horizontal lead screw to move back and forth along the direction close to or far away from the pyrolysis furnace chamber, and the connecting pipe is driven to be close to or far away from the pyrolysis furnace chamber.
As a preferred scheme of the device, the sample introduction unit comprises a sample introduction frame, wherein a ball valve, a material chamber, a sample groove support and a push rod which are sequentially arranged are arranged on the sample introduction frame, the sample introduction unit is in sealing butt joint with an inlet end of a pyrolysis furnace chamber through an outlet end of the ball valve, one end of a cavity inside the material chamber is communicated with the inlet end of the ball valve, the other end of the cavity inside the material chamber is an open end and faces the sample groove support, the sample groove support is arranged on the sample introduction frame in a sliding manner, a plurality of layers of placing support plates are arranged on the sample groove support, each layer of placing support plate is used for placing a sample groove filled with a tobacco sample, and the sample groove support is driven by a first driving mechanism to slide vertically, so that the placing support plates of different levels on the sample groove support correspond to the open end of the material chamber; the push rod extends horizontally, one end of the push rod is a connecting end, the other end of the push rod is a pushing end, the pushing end of the push rod can movably hook the sample groove, the push rod horizontally moves through the push rod horizontal driving mechanism, and the push rod drives the sample groove to move back and forth along the direction close to or far away from the pyrolysis furnace chamber, so that the sample groove is conveyed into the pyrolysis furnace chamber or taken out of the pyrolysis furnace chamber.
According to the preferable scheme of the device, a blanking port is formed in the bottom of a cavity in the material chamber, a blanking turning plate is arranged at the position of the blanking port, one end of the blanking turning plate is hinged with the material chamber, the blanking turning plate drives the blanking turning plate to turn over through a blanking driving mechanism below the blanking turning plate, so that the blanking port is opened or closed, and a waste collection box is arranged at the position below the blanking port on the sample injection machine frame.
As a preferred scheme of the device, the horizontal moving direction of the push rod is set as a front-back direction, the pushing end of the push rod is bent downwards to form a hook, the connecting end of the push rod is installed on a connecting block, the connecting block is fixed on a sliding block, the sliding block is slidably arranged on the supporting seat and can vertically slide along the supporting seat, and the sliding block is driven by the push rod vertical driving mechanism to vertically slide, so that the push rod is driven to vertically move, and the hook of the push rod is hooked on or unhooked from the sample groove; the supporting seat is fixed on a base, the base is arranged on the sample feeding rack in a sliding mode and can slide back and forth along the sample feeding rack, and the push rod horizontal driving mechanism drives the base to slide back and forth so as to drive the push rod to move back and forth.
As the preferred scheme of above-mentioned device, the vertical actuating mechanism of push rod includes vertical motor, vertical lead screw, and vertical motor is installed on the supporting seat, and vertical lead screw rotates and sets up on the supporting seat, vertical lead screw top and the output shaft fixed connection of vertical motor, and the slider is with the vertical slide rail sliding fit on the supporting seat, and it has the screw hole to open on the slider, and the slider passes through the screw hole suit on vertical lead screw, drives vertical lead screw through vertical motor and rotates to drive the vertical slip of slider.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the automatic macro-preparation device for the tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil, the sampling unit, the pyrolysis unit and the oil collecting unit are sequentially connected, so that continuous repeated circulation from sampling, pyrolysis and collection of the tobacco sample to removal of sample residues after pyrolysis is realized, and the time of a gap between two times of sample pyrolysis is greatly shortened; the ball valve capable of being automatically opened and closed is arranged in the sample introduction unit, and the negative pressure generator is arranged in the oil collection unit, so that pyrolysis oil gas generated in pyrolysis can not flow back due to the fact that the diameter of a pyrolysis furnace chamber is large and the sample loading amount is large in single pyrolysis; in addition, in the oil collecting unit, a condenser and an oil mist separator are arranged to collect the pyrolysis oil, so that a time-consuming concentration process is avoided. Thus, the preparation efficiency of the pyrolysis oil is remarkably improved.
2. According to the automatic macro preparation device for the tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil, provided by the invention, a plurality of layers of placing support plates are arranged on a sample groove support in a sample introduction unit, and the sample groove support is driven by a first driving mechanism to slide along the vertical direction, so that the placing support plates at different levels on the sample groove support correspond to the open end of a material chamber; in addition, the push rod horizontal driving mechanism and the push rod vertical driving mechanism are adopted to drive the sliding block to horizontally or vertically slide, and then the push rod is driven to horizontally or vertically move, so that the sample slot is fed into or taken out of the pyrolysis furnace chamber, the hook of the push rod is automatically hooked on or automatically unhooked from the sample slot, automatic sample introduction and automatic sample residue removal in the preparation process of the pyrolysis oil are ensured, and further the automation of the whole sample introduction process is realized. Therefore, the labor intensity of operators is greatly reduced while the preparation efficiency is improved.
3. According to the automatic macro-preparation device for the low-temperature tobacco pyrolysis oil, in the oil collection unit, the connecting pipe is mounted on the fixing frame, the fixing frame is arranged on the oil collection rack in a sliding mode, the fixing frame and the connecting pipe on the fixing frame can be driven to move horizontally by rotating the horizontal lead screw, so that the connecting pipe is close to or far away from the pyrolysis furnace chamber, the connecting pipe can be mounted or dismounted with the outlet end of the pyrolysis furnace chamber, and the pyrolysis furnace chamber and the oil collection unit can be cleaned conveniently.
4. According to the automatic macro-preparation device for the tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil, provided by the invention, in the sample introduction unit, the blanking turnover plate capable of being turned over is arranged at the blanking port at the bottom of the material chamber, the blanking turnover plate is driven to turn over by the blanking driving mechanism, so that the blanking port is opened or closed, the tested material can automatically fall into the waste collection box below the blanking turnover plate for collection, and a proper amount of water can be added into the waste collection box for cooling, so that the sample subjected to pyrolysis treatment is effectively prevented from spontaneous combustion, and the safety in the preparation process is ensured.
5. The automatic macro-preparation device for the tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil is suitable for directly preparing raw materials by using various tobacco materials including tobacco powder, and the prepared pyrolysis oil basically does not contain particles.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the oil collecting unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a partial perspective view of the oil collection unit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a front view of a pyrolysis unit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the sample introduction unit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of fig. 5 at a.
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a charge chamber portion of the present invention.
Figure 8 is a perspective view of a sample cell holder portion of the present invention.
Reference numbers in the figures:
1 an oil collecting unit; 11 an oil collecting machine frame; 12 a connecting pipe; 13 oil collecting funnel; 14, a main oil collecting cup; 15 a condenser; 16 tail gas collector; 17 an oil mist separator; 18 a negative pressure generator; 19 an auxiliary oil collecting cup; 110 a fixing frame; 111 a first horizontal slide rail; 112 an adjusting seat; 113 horizontal lead screw; 114 a rocker handle;
2 a pyrolysis unit; 21 pyrolysis oven cavity; 22 a shielding gas inlet;
3, a sample introduction unit; 31 a sample introduction frame; a 32 ball valve; 33 a material chamber; 34 a sample cell holder; 35 a push rod; 36 a first vertical slide rail; 37 placing a supporting plate; 38 a sample cell; 39 a first vertical displacement motor; 310 blanking turnover plates; 311 a waste collection tank; 312 blanking cylinder; 313 hooking; 314 connecting blocks; 315 a slider; 316 a support seat; 317 a vertical motor; 318 vertical screw rod; 319 base plate; 320 a second horizontal slide rail; 321 cooling port.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the embodiment discloses an automatic macro-preparation device for low-temperature tobacco pyrolysis oil, which is provided with a sample introduction unit 3, a pyrolysis unit 2 and an oil collection unit 1 which are sequentially connected from back to front; the pyrolysis unit 2 comprises a pyrolysis furnace cavity 21, the inlet end of the pyrolysis furnace cavity 21 is in sealing butt joint with the outlet end of the sample injection unit 3, and the outlet end of the pyrolysis furnace cavity 21 is in sealing butt joint with the inlet end of the oil collection unit 1; the sample introduction unit 3 is used for feeding the tobacco sample into the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21 and taking out the tobacco sample residue after pyrolysis from the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21, the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21 is used for heating the tobacco sample under the atmosphere of protective gas, the oil collection unit 1 extracts and condenses the gas in the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21 under the action of negative pressure, and the pyrolysis oil after gas condensation is collected through the oil collection unit 1.
The oil collecting unit 1 comprises an oil collecting rack 11, a connecting pipe 12 is arranged on the oil collecting rack 11, the oil collecting unit 1 is in sealing butt joint with the outlet end of the pyrolysis furnace cavity 21 through the connecting pipe 12, an oil collecting funnel 13 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the connecting pipe 12, a main oil collecting cup 14 is arranged at the bottom of the oil collecting rack 11 and below the oil collecting funnel 13, a condenser 15 is fixedly connected to the top end of the connecting pipe 12, a tail gas collector 16 is connected to the top end of the condenser 15, an oil mist separator 17 is connected to the gas outlet of the tail gas collector 16 through a first gas pipe, the gas outlet of the oil mist separator 17 is connected to a negative pressure generator 18 through a second gas pipe, and an auxiliary oil collecting cup 19 is arranged below the oil outlet of the oil mist separator 17.
Wherein, the connecting pipe 12 is fixedly mounted on a fixing frame 110, the fixing frame 110 is slidably disposed on a first horizontal sliding rail 111 of the oil collecting rack 11, an adjusting seat 112 is disposed on the oil collecting rack 11, a threaded hole is formed in the adjusting seat 112, a horizontal screw 113 is threadedly connected in the threaded hole of the adjusting seat 112, one end of the horizontal screw 113 is rotatably connected with the fixing frame 110, a rocking handle 114 is disposed at the other end of the horizontal screw 113, thereby the rocking handle 114 is rotated to drive the horizontal screw 113, and then the horizontal screw 113 drives the fixing frame 110 to move back and forth along the direction close to or far away from the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21, thereby driving the connecting pipe 12 to be close to or far away from the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21. This arrangement facilitates the mounting and dismounting of the connecting tube 12 from the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21.
The sample introduction unit 3 comprises a sample introduction frame 31, a ball valve 32, a material chamber 33, a sample groove support 34 and a push rod 35 are sequentially arranged on the sample introduction frame 31, the ball valve 32 is an automatic ball valve, the sample introduction unit 3 is in sealing butt joint with an inlet end of a pyrolysis furnace chamber 21 through an outlet end of the ball valve 32, one end of a cavity inside the material chamber 33 is communicated with the inlet end of the ball valve 32, the other end of the cavity inside the material chamber 33 is an open end and faces the sample groove support 34, the sample groove support 34 is slidably arranged on a first vertical slide rail 36 of the sample introduction frame 31, a plurality of layers of placing support plates 37 are arranged on the sample groove support 34, each layer of placing support plate 37 is used for placing a sample groove 38 filled with tobacco samples, the sample groove support 34 is driven to vertically slide along the first vertical slide rail 36 through a first driving mechanism, wherein the first driving mechanism is a first vertical displacement motor 39 arranged on the sample introduction frame 31, the sample tank bracket 34 is driven by the first vertical displacement motor 39 to slide vertically, so that the placing support plates 37 at different levels on the sample tank bracket 34 correspond to the open end of the material chamber 33. The bottom of a cavity in the material chamber 33 is provided with a blanking port, a blanking turning plate 310 is arranged at the blanking port, one end of the blanking turning plate 310 is hinged with the material chamber 33, the blanking turning plate 310 drives the blanking turning plate 310 to turn over through a blanking driving mechanism below the blanking turning plate 310, so that the blanking port is opened or closed, and a waste collecting box 311 is arranged at a position below the blanking port on the sample injection rack 31. The blanking driving mechanism comprises a blanking cylinder 312, the blanking cylinder 312 is mounted on the sample injection rack 31 and located below the blanking turning plate 310, a piston rod of the blanking cylinder 312 extends obliquely upwards and is hinged to the bottom of the blanking turning plate 310, and the piston rod of the blanking cylinder 312 extends and retracts to drive the blanking turning plate 310 to turn.
Wherein, the push rod 35 extends horizontally, one end of the push rod 35 is a connecting end, the other end is a pushing end, the pushing end of the push rod 35 can movably hook the sample groove 38, the push rod 35 is driven by the push rod horizontal driving mechanism to move horizontally, and the push rod 35 drives the sample groove 38 to move back and forth along the direction close to or far away from the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21, so that the sample groove 38 is sent into the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21 or taken out from the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21. The horizontal moving direction of the push rod 35 is set as the front-back direction, the pushing end of the push rod 35 is bent downwards to form a hook 313, the connecting end of the push rod 35 is installed on a connecting block 314, the connecting block 314 is fixed on a sliding block 315, the sliding block 315 is slidably arranged on a supporting seat 316 and can vertically slide along the supporting seat 316, the sliding block 315 is driven by a push rod vertical driving mechanism to vertically slide, so that the push rod 35 is driven to vertically move, the hook 313 of the push rod 35 hooks or unhooks the sample groove 38, a hook ring can be arranged on one side of the sample groove 38, and the hook 313 of the push rod 35 is matched with the hook ring on one side of the sample groove 38; the vertical driving mechanism of the push rod comprises a vertical motor 317 and a vertical screw rod 318, the vertical motor 317 is installed on a supporting seat 316, the vertical screw rod 318 is rotatably arranged on the supporting seat 316, the top end of the vertical screw rod 318 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the vertical motor 317, a sliding block 315 is in sliding fit with a vertical sliding rail on the supporting seat 316, a threaded hole is formed in the sliding block 315, the sliding block 315 is sleeved on the vertical screw rod 318 through the threaded hole, the vertical screw rod 318 is driven to rotate through the vertical motor 317, and therefore the sliding block 315 is driven to vertically slide.
The supporting seat 316 is fixed on a base 319, the base 319 is slidably disposed on the second horizontal slide rail 320 of the sample injection rack 31 and can slide back and forth along the second horizontal slide rail 320 of the sample injection rack 31, the push rod horizontal driving mechanism adopts a first horizontal displacement motor installed on the sample injection rack 31, and the base 319 is driven by the first horizontal displacement motor to slide back and forth on the second horizontal slide rail 320, so as to drive the push rod 35 to move back and forth.
Wherein, a furnace tube extending forwards and backwards is arranged in the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21 of the pyrolysis unit 2, two ends of the furnace tube respectively extend out of the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21 to form an inlet end and an outlet end, the inlet end of the furnace tube is in sealed butt joint with the ball valve 32 of the sample introduction unit 3, and the outlet end of the furnace tube is in sealed butt joint with the connecting pipe 12 of the oil collection unit 1. The protective gas inlet 22 is formed in one side of the inlet end of the furnace tube, and inert gas is introduced through the protective gas inlet 22, so that on one hand, the oil gas in the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21 can be ensured not to react with the inert gas, and on the other hand, the oil gas in the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21 can be prevented from flowing back.
In specific implementation, the flow rate of the shielding gas and the residence time (pyrolysis time) of all the operating components and the sample tank 38 in the sample introduction unit 3 in the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21 can be set and controlled by an integrated controller, and the condensation temperature of the condenser 15 in the oil collection unit 1 can be set and controlled by a cooling water circulator; an electrical heating jacket with a temperature controller may be provided between the outlet end of the furnace tube extension in the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21 and the connection tube 12 of the oil collecting unit to prevent pyrolysis oil vapor from being cooled between the outlet end of the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21 and the connection tube 12, thereby improving the collection efficiency.
In preparation, a plurality of sample cells 38 containing tobacco samples are first placed on the multi-layered placing pallet 37 of the sample cell holder 34, respectively, and the first vertical displacement motor 39 drives the sample cell holder 34 to slide vertically until the sample cell holder 34 reaches a designated vertical position. At this time, the vertical screw 318 is driven to rotate by the vertical motor 317, so as to drive the sliding block 315 and the screw on the sliding block 315 to move downwards for a certain distance, so that the hook 313 of the push rod 35 hooks the sample groove 38; then, the push rod 35 is driven by the first horizontal displacement motor to move forwards, and the push rod 35 drives the sample groove 38 to move forwards, so that the sample groove 38 sequentially passes through the material chamber 33 and the ball valve 32 and then enters the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21; then, the vertical motor 317 reversely rotates to drive the push rod 35 to lift, so that the push rod 35 is unhooked from the sample groove 38, and then the first horizontal displacement motor reversely drives the push rod 35 to move back to the initial position, then the ball valve 32 is closed, the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21 is sealed with the outside, and then the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21 is started to heat the tobacco sample in the sample groove 38 for pyrolysis treatment. In the pyrolysis treatment process, under the negative pressure action of the negative pressure generator 18, pyrolysis oil steam in the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21 enters the condenser 15 from the connecting pipe 12, the pyrolysis oil steam is condensed through the condenser 15, primary oil-gas separation is realized, and the condensed pyrolysis oil drops into the lower main oil collecting cup 14 through the lower oil collecting funnel 13 under the action of gravity and is collected through the main oil collecting cup 14; the oil gas which is not completely cooled after passing through the condenser 15 is collected by the tail gas collector 16 and is subjected to secondary oil-gas separation again in the oil mist separator 17, the gas subjected to the secondary oil-gas separation is discharged by the negative pressure generator 18, and the pyrolysis oil subjected to the secondary oil-gas separation falls into the auxiliary oil collecting cup 19 so as to solve the problem of smoke return.
After the tobacco sample is tested, the ball valve 32 is opened, the push rod 35 moves forward to extend into the pyrolysis furnace cavity 21 and hook the sample groove 38 in the pyrolysis furnace cavity 21, the sample groove 38 is pulled out backwards and stays on the blanking turning plate 310 in the material chamber 33, then the blanking turning plate 310 is driven by the blanking cylinder 312 to turn over downwards, a blanking port is opened, the tested sample falls into the waste material collection box 311 below, and then the blanking cylinder 312 drives the blanking turning plate 310 to return to close the blanking port. The automatic sampling of the tested sample is completed.
And then the first vertical displacement motor 39 drives the sample groove bracket 34 to slide vertically, so that the sample groove 38 of the other layer on the sample groove bracket 34 is butted with the material chamber 33, and the whole process of sample introduction, pyrolysis, condensation of pyrolysis gas, collection of condensed pyrolysis oil and sampling of the tobacco samples in the other layer of sample groove 38 can be carried out by repeating the operation. And by analogy, the continuous test of multiple samples is completed.
The applicant carried out two preparations of pyrolysis oil according to the above-mentioned preparation apparatus, and the specific procedures of the two preparations are described in the following examples one and two.
Example one
First, the flow rate of the shielding gas (nitrogen gas) was set to 2000mL/min, the temperature of the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21 was set to 250 ℃, the pyrolysis time was set to 10min, the temperature of the condenser 15 was set to 4 ℃, and the temperature between the furnace tube-protruding portion outlet end in the pyrolysis furnace chamber 21 and the connecting pipe 12 of the oil collecting unit 1 was set to 300 ℃; then, 300g of tobacco powder was added to each of the nine sample cells 38 to form nine sets of samples, and the nine sample cells 38 filled with tobacco powder were placed on the placing pallet 37; after all the set parameters reach the set values and are stable, starting the operation components in the negative pressure generator 18 and the sample injection unit 3, starting the protective gas, and starting sample injection pyrolysis. After all the samples are pyrolyzed (in the process of pyrolysis, the sample tank 38 filled with tobacco powder can also be continuously placed on the vacant placing supporting plate 37 to realize continuous pyrolysis of more samples so as to obtain more pyrolysis oil), the main oil collecting cup 14 and the auxiliary oil collecting cup 19 are taken down (weighed in advance), and then the pyrolysis oil can be obtained, and after the pyrolysis time is up, 390g of pyrolysis oil is weighed.
Since the gap time between the pyrolysis of the two groups of samples is less than 2min, the time taken for the nine groups of samples to be completely pyrolyzed is about 9 × 10+2 × 8 to 106min, which is about 1.8h, and therefore the oil rate in this example is about 390g/1.8h to 217 g/h.
Example two
Example 1 was repeated, except that: the preparation of the tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil is carried out under the experimental conditions of 300 ℃. In this example, a total of 2700g of tobacco dust was heated for the nine sets of samples to yield a total of about 510g of pyrolysis oil. The oil yield in this example is about 510g/1.8 h-283 g/h.
Therefore, the automatic macro-preparation device for the tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil provided by the invention can realize automatic and continuous preparation of the tobacco pyrolysis oil, and in the preparation process, an operator only needs to assist in sample loading, so that the preparation efficiency is greatly improved, the labor intensity of the operator is reduced, and an effective technical method and means are provided for obtaining the tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an automatic macro preparation facilities of tobacco low temperature pyrolysis oil which characterized in that: a sample introduction unit (3), a pyrolysis unit (2) and an oil collection unit (1) which are connected in sequence are arranged; the pyrolysis unit (2) comprises a pyrolysis furnace chamber (21), the inlet end of the pyrolysis furnace chamber (21) is in sealed butt joint with the outlet end of the sample introduction unit (3), and the outlet end of the pyrolysis furnace chamber (21) is in sealed butt joint with the inlet end of the oil collection unit (1); the sample introduction unit (3) is used for sending the tobacco sample into the pyrolysis furnace chamber (21) and taking the pyrolyzed tobacco sample out of the pyrolysis furnace chamber (21), the pyrolysis furnace chamber (21) is used for heating the tobacco sample in the atmosphere of protective gas, the oil collection unit (1) is used for extracting and condensing the gas in the pyrolysis furnace chamber (21) under the action of negative pressure, and pyrolysis oil obtained after the gas is condensed is collected through the oil collection unit (1).
2. The automatic macro-preparation device of tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the oil collecting unit (1) comprises an oil collecting rack (11), a connecting pipe (12) is arranged on the oil collecting rack (11), the oil collecting unit (1) is in sealed butt joint with the outlet end of a pyrolysis furnace chamber (21) through the connecting pipe (12), an oil collecting funnel (13) is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the connecting pipe (12), a main oil collecting cup (14) is arranged at the bottom of the oil collecting rack (11) and below the oil collecting funnel (13), a condenser (15) is fixedly connected to the top end of the connecting pipe (12), a tail gas collector (16) is connected to the top end of the condenser (15), a gas outlet of the tail gas collector (16) is connected with an oil mist separator (17) through a first gas pipe, a gas outlet of the oil mist separator (17) is connected with a negative pressure generator (18) through a second gas pipe, and an auxiliary oil collecting cup (19) is arranged below an oil outlet of the oil mist separator (17).
3. The automatic macro-preparation device of tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil as claimed in claim 2, wherein: connecting pipe (12) fixed mounting is on a mount (110), mount (110) slide to set up on collection oil frame (11), be equipped with on collection oil frame (11) and adjust seat (112), it has the screw hole to open on adjusting seat (112), threaded connection has horizontal lead screw (113) in the screw hole of adjusting seat (112), horizontal lead screw (113) one end is rotated with mount (110) and is connected, horizontal lead screw (113) other end is equipped with rocking handle (114), thereby drive horizontal lead screw (113) through rotating rocking handle (114) and rotate, and then drive mount (110) along the direction round trip movement that is close to or keeps away from pyrolysis furnace chamber (21) by horizontal lead screw (113), and then drive connecting pipe (12) and be close to or keep away from pyrolysis furnace chamber (21).
4. The automatic macro-preparation device of tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sample introduction unit (3) comprises a sample introduction rack (31), wherein ball valves (32), material chambers (33), sample groove supports (34) and push rods (35) which are sequentially arranged are arranged on the sample introduction rack (31), the sample introduction unit (3) is in sealed butt joint with the inlet end of a pyrolysis furnace chamber (21) through the outlet end of the ball valves (32), one end of a cavity inside the material chamber (33) is communicated with the inlet end of the ball valves (32), the other end of the cavity inside the material chamber (33) is an open end and faces the sample groove supports (34), the sample groove supports (34) are arranged on the sample introduction rack (31) in a sliding mode, a plurality of layers of placing supporting plates (37) are arranged on the sample groove supports (34), each layer of placing supporting plate (37) is used for placing sample grooves (38) filled with tobacco samples, the sample groove bracket (34) is driven by a first driving mechanism to slide vertically, so that the placing supporting plates (37) at different levels on the sample groove bracket (34) correspond to the open end of the material chamber (33); the push rod (35) extends horizontally, one end of the push rod (35) is a connecting end, the other end of the push rod is a pushing end, the pushing end of the push rod (35) can movably hook the sample groove (38), the push rod (35) is driven to move horizontally by the push rod horizontal driving mechanism, and the push rod (35) drives the sample groove (38) to move back and forth along the direction close to or far away from the pyrolysis furnace chamber (21), so that the sample groove (38) is conveyed into the pyrolysis furnace chamber (21) or taken out of the pyrolysis furnace chamber (21).
5. The automatic macro-preparation device of tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the feeding device is characterized in that a blanking port is formed in the bottom of a cavity in the material chamber (33), a blanking turning plate (310) is arranged at the position of the blanking port, one end of the blanking turning plate (310) is hinged to the material chamber (33), the blanking turning plate (310) drives the blanking turning plate (310) to turn over through a blanking driving mechanism below the blanking turning plate (310), so that the blanking port is opened or closed, and a waste collecting box (311) is arranged on the position, below the blanking port, of the sample introduction rack (31).
6. The automatic macro-preparation device of tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the horizontal moving direction of the push rod (35) is set to be the front-back direction, the pushing end of the push rod (35) is bent downwards to form a hook (313), the connecting end of the push rod (35) is installed on a connecting block (314), the connecting block (314) is fixed on a sliding block (315), the sliding block (315) is arranged on a supporting seat (316) in a sliding mode and can vertically slide along the supporting seat (316), the sliding block (315) is driven to vertically slide through a push rod vertical driving mechanism, so that the push rod (35) is driven to vertically move, and the hook (313) of the push rod (35) can hook the sample groove (38) or be unhooked from the sample groove (38); the supporting seat (316) is fixed on a base (319), the base (319) is arranged on the sample injection rack (31) in a sliding mode and can slide back and forth along the sample injection rack (31), and the push rod horizontal driving mechanism drives the base (319) to slide back and forth so as to drive the push rod (35) to move back and forth.
7. The automatic macro-preparation device of tobacco low-temperature pyrolysis oil as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the vertical driving mechanism of the push rod comprises a vertical motor (317), a vertical lead screw (318), the vertical motor (317) is installed on a supporting seat (316), the vertical lead screw (318) is rotatably arranged on the supporting seat (316), the top end of the vertical lead screw (318) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the vertical motor (317), a sliding block (315) is in sliding fit with a vertical sliding rail on the supporting seat (316), a threaded hole is formed in the sliding block (315), the sliding block (315) is sleeved on the vertical lead screw (318) through the threaded hole, the vertical lead screw (318) is driven to rotate through the vertical motor (317), and therefore the sliding block (315) is driven to vertically slide.
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