CN114223743B - Withering room, white tea production line and white tea production process - Google Patents
Withering room, white tea production line and white tea production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114223743B CN114223743B CN202111613954.6A CN202111613954A CN114223743B CN 114223743 B CN114223743 B CN 114223743B CN 202111613954 A CN202111613954 A CN 202111613954A CN 114223743 B CN114223743 B CN 114223743B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 235000020334 white tea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 164
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 164
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 11
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 hairs Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of tea making, and discloses a withering room, a white tea production line and a white tea production process, wherein the withering room comprises a frame, a conveyor belt, a fresh air supplementing device and a pressing device, and the conveyor belt is used for conveying materials layer by layer from top to bottom and is provided with vent holes; the fresh air supplementing device comprises a ventilation pipe and an air source for conveying air to the ventilation pipe, wherein the ventilation pipe is arranged below the conveyor belt and provided with a blowing hole arranged towards the ventilation hole; the pressing device is arranged on the frame and positioned at the rear end of the ventilation pipe, and comprises a visual detector, a roller arranged above the conveyor belt, a lifting mechanism with a driving end connected with the roller and driving the roller to lift and fall, and a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure between the roller and the material; the white tea production line comprises the withering room; the white tea production process comprises a withering procedure using the withering room; the withering room, the white tea production line and the white tea production process can effectively improve the tea production efficiency and reduce the labor cost while guaranteeing the tea quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tea making, in particular to a withering room, a white tea production line and a white tea production process.
Background
In the tea processing process, a withering process is needed, wherein the withering is that the tea is uniformly spread under certain temperature and humidity conditions, the activity of fresh leaf enzyme is moderately promoted, the contained substances are moderately physically and chemically changed, and partial moisture is emitted, so that stems and She Weinian are dark green in color and green grass gas are scattered.
In the transition from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, the effect of the machinery is not negligible. The wide application of the tea machine reduces the labor intensity, improves the production efficiency and ensures the tea quality. In recent years, various mechanized production procedures of white tea are common, but in the white tea production process, the micro-apoptosis procedure is complicated and complicated, the labor intensity is high, tea leaves are manually spread on a bamboo screen, and the bamboo screen is put outdoors for sun-curing, and the bamboo screen is retracted for indoor moisture regain for a certain time, pushed out for sun-curing, and reciprocated, wherein the time period generally lasts for 40 hours, and the quality and the production efficiency of the tea leaves are seriously affected; the automatic white tea withering production line makes tea withering simple and has great yield.
However, when implementing the technical solution of the present invention, the inventors found that the following technical problems exist in the prior art:
the existing white tea withering process mainly comprises natural withering and hot air withering in a withering room, when the white tea withers, the tea leaves are naturally placed on a conveying belt, the white tea leaves are uneven in surface, the problems of warping and occupied space exist, the processing and storage of the subsequent process are not facilitated, and the tea leaves are damaged when the white tea withers are directly compressed; meanwhile, under the condition that tea leaves are conveyed in a proper volume to ensure that the tea leaves are fully withered, the quantity of withered tea leaves output in unit time in the existing withering process is low, the requirement of industrial mass production of the tea leaves cannot be met, and the quality of the tea leaves cannot be ensured because the withering time of the white tea leaves is relatively fixed, so that the improvement of the output efficiency cannot be realized by directly accelerating the conveying speed of the tea leaves.
Disclosure of Invention
(one) solving the technical problems
The invention aims to simultaneously solve the problems of large occupied space of tea, low processing efficiency and high labor cost in the existing withering room, white tea production line and white tea production process.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a withering room comprising:
a frame;
the conveying belts are arranged on the frame at intervals in a layered mode and are used for conveying materials layer by layer from top to bottom, and the belt surfaces of the conveying belts are provided with vent holes;
the fresh air supplementing device comprises a ventilation pipe and an air source for conveying air to the ventilation pipe, wherein the ventilation pipe is arranged below the conveyor belt and provided with a blowing hole arranged towards the ventilation hole;
the pressing device is arranged on the frame and positioned at the rear end of the ventilation pipe, comprises a visual detector, a roller, a driving end, a lifting mechanism, a pressure sensor and a controller, wherein the visual detector is used for detecting the height of a material on the conveying belt, the lifting mechanism is arranged above the conveying belt, the driving end is connected with the roller and used for driving the roller to lift, the pressure sensor is used for detecting the pressure between the roller and the material, the controller is used for receiving a height signal of the visual detector and controlling the lifting mechanism to lift according to the height signal so that the roller is slightly higher than the height of the material, and the controller is also used for receiving a pressure signal of the pressure sensor and controlling the lifting mechanism to lift according to the pressure signal so that the pressure value is in a preset range.
Further provided, the lifting mechanism comprises:
the lifting seat is used for pivoting the roller;
the nut piece is fixed with the lifting seat;
the screw rod is vertically arranged and is in threaded fit with the nut piece;
the motor is in driving connection with the screw rod and is used for driving the screw rod to rotate so as to drive the nut piece and the lifting seat to lift; and
the base is fixed relative to the frame and is used for pivoting and supporting the bottom of the screw rod;
the pressure sensor is arranged on the base and connected with the lifting seat through a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the screw rod.
Further provided, the ventilation pipe comprises:
the main pipe is connected with the air source;
the branched pipes are communicated with the main pipe and are arranged below the conveyor belt layer by layer, each layer of branched pipe comprises a transverse pipe and a longitudinal pipe which are connected with each other and form an annular airflow channel, and the longitudinal pipe is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt and is provided with the vent holes.
Further set up, the frame is equipped with the bracing piece at conveyer belt front end and end, visual detector sets up on the bracing piece and sets up towards the conveyer belt.
The device is characterized by further comprising a material homogenizing mechanism positioned at the front section of the top layer conveyor belt, wherein the material homogenizing mechanism comprises a rotating rod positioned above the conveyor belt and a material stirring rod connected to the periphery of the rotating rod, the rotating rod is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt, and the material stirring rods are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the rotating rod and form a channel for materials to pass through with the conveyor belt.
The invention also provides a white tea production line which comprises the withering room.
The device is characterized by further comprising a low-temperature area withering room, a medium-temperature area withering room, a feeding and homogenizing mechanism positioned at the front end of the low-temperature area withering room, a transfer mechanism positioned between the low-temperature area withering room and the medium-temperature area withering room, and a withering discharging machine, a drying and feeding machine, a drying and discharging lifting machine, an electrostatic feeding machine, an electrostatic hair separator and a manual picking platform which are sequentially arranged at the rear end of the medium-temperature area withering room;
the feeding and homogenizing mechanism is used for conveying tea leaves into the low-temperature area withering room;
a low temperature zone withering room for withering tea leaves at low temperature;
the transfer mechanism is arranged between a discharge hole of the low-temperature area withering room and a feed hole of the medium-temperature area withering room and is used for conveying tea leaves withered in the low-temperature area withering room into the medium-temperature area withering room;
a mesophilic zone withering house for withering tea leaves at mesophilic temperatures;
the withering discharging machine is arranged at a discharging hole of the medium-temperature area withering room and is used for receiving tea leaves withered in the medium-temperature area withering room and conveying the tea leaves to the drying and feeding machine;
the drying feeder is used for conveying tea leaves into the dryer;
a dryer for drying tea leaves;
the electrostatic feeder is used for receiving the dried tea leaves and conveying the dried tea leaves into the electrostatic hair separator;
the electrostatic hair separator is used for separating impurities, hairs, stones, insect corpses and the like easily occurring in the white tea picking process, and solves the problem that the quality and sanitation of tea are affected.
Further set up, material loading refining mechanism includes lifting machine and refining pole, and this refining pole rotatable setting is on the delivery path of lifting machine to along length direction has arranged the driving lever of stirring tealeaves.
The invention also provides a white tea production process, which comprises the following steps:
step one, withering: conveying the tea leaves to a conveying belt of a low-temperature area withering room; the air source transmits air to the ventilation pipe, and the ventilation pipe blows air to the bottom of the conveying belt and the tea from bottom to top; the visual detector detects the height of the tea leaves and feeds back a height signal to the controller, and the controller controls the lifting mechanism to lift according to the height signal, so that the height of the roller is slightly lower than the height of the tea leaves; the tea passes through the bottom of the roller, the pressure sensor senses the pressure value between the roller and the tea and feeds the pressure value back to the controller, and the controller controls the lifting mechanism to lift so that the pressure value is within a preset pressure value interval; the tea leaves are conveyed layer by layer until reaching the tail end of a bottom layer conveyor belt and are transferred to a medium-temperature zone withering room for secondary withering;
step two, drying: the tea leaves after being withered in the medium-temperature area withering room are conveyed into a dryer for drying;
step three, static electricity impurity removal: and conveying the dried tea leaves to an electrostatic hair separator to separate hairs and impurities.
The tea leaf conveying device is characterized by further comprising a step one, wherein the step one further comprises carrying out material refining through a material refining mechanism after conveying tea leaves to a conveying belt of a low-temperature area withering room, and the material refining process comprises stirring the tea leaves through a stirring rod and limiting the conveying height of the tea leaves through a rotating rod and a stirring rod.
(III) beneficial effects
Compared with the prior art, the withering room, the white tea production line and the white tea production process provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the withering room, the white tea production line and the white tea production process, tea is conveyed layer by layer from top to bottom through the conveying belt, the tea conveying path is prolonged, and the tea withering time is ensured, so that the speed of the conveying belt can be increased, and the tea output speed is increased; meanwhile, the fresh air supplementing device conveys air to the ventilation pipe through the air source, the ventilation pipe blows air to the bottom of the tea, the defect that the tea at the bottom cannot be synchronously withered with the outside in the existing withering process is overcome, the withering speed of the tea is improved, the withering time of the tea is shortened, all the tea can enter a soft, continuous and strong-plasticity state, the rear-end pressing device is convenient to press, and the bottom tea is prevented from being damaged during pressing; the pressing device detects the height of tea leaves on the conveying belt through the visual detector, the lifting device adjusts the height of the roller according to the current height of the tea leaves, the pressure is compressed when the tea leaves blown by the ventilation pipe enter the lower part of the roller, the leaf surfaces are smooth and free of warping, meanwhile, the roller rotates conveniently, the tea leaves pass through smoothly, the pressure sensor senses the pressure between the tea leaves and the roller, the lifting device adjusts the lifting height according to the pressure, the pressure is kept in a preset interval, the overlarge pressure is avoided, and the tea leaves are prevented from being damaged; so, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing tealeaves quality, can export more tealeaves under unit time, delivery area and tealeaves volume, realize that tealeaves thickness is controllable, can make things convenient for subsequent processing and storage after tealeaves withers.
(2) According to the withering room provided by the invention, after the conveying belt is fed, the material homogenizing mechanism drives the material stirring rod to rotate through the rotating rod, and the material stirring rod stirs tea and forms a channel with the conveying belt for the tea to pass through, so that the fed tea is more uniform, and the height of the tea is controllable.
(3) According to the white tea production line, tea leaves are withered through the low-temperature area withering room and the medium-temperature area withering room which are sequentially arranged, so that withering quality and efficiency are improved, the white tea conveying speed can be increased, the output efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the white tea production line is more energy-saving and environment-friendly.
(4) The white tea production line combines the withering room, the dryer and the electrostatic hair separator, and transfers the tea leaves through the feeding machine and the lifting machine, so that continuous production is realized, the processing efficiency is improved, and the transfer cost is saved.
(5) According to the white tea process, white tea is withered through the low-temperature area withering room and the medium-temperature area withering room, so that the tea is fully withered, the leaf surface is smooth and free of warping, the tea volume is reduced, the tea thickness is controllable, the tea making efficiency is improved, the tea is convenient to store, and the labor cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the withering house of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the withering room of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the fresh air supply device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the fresh air supply device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a pressing device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the pressure sensor of the present invention installed through a cartridge;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a white tea production line of the present invention;
figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing the bending arrangement of the tea production line.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail by examples.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a front view of the withering room of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a top view of the withering room of the present invention.
Example 1: the invention provides a withering room 1, which comprises a frame 11, a conveyor belt 12, a fresh air supplementing device 13, a pressing device 14 and a material homogenizing mechanism 15, wherein in the embodiment, tea is taken as an example.
The frame 11 is arranged in the withering room and serves as a mounting carrier for the conveyor belt 12, the fresh air supplementing device 13 and the pressing device 14.
The conveyor belt 12 is used for conveying tea leaves, preferably a conveying net belt, the belt surface of the conveyor belt 12 is provided with vent holes, the conveyor belt 12 is provided with a plurality of conveyor belts 12, and the conveyor belts 12 are arranged on the frame 11 at intervals in a layered manner and are used for conveying the tea leaves layer by layer from top to bottom; preferably, the conveyor belt 12 is horizontally arranged, and the head end of the next layer of conveyor belt 12 is positioned at the tail end of the previous layer of conveyor belt 12 and receives tea leaves falling from the tail end of the previous layer of conveyor belt 12, and the tea leaves are sequentially conveyed layer by layer.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, fig. 3 is a front view of the fresh air supply device of the present invention, fig. 4 is a top view of the fresh air supply device of the present invention, the fresh air supply device 13 includes an air source 131 and a ventilation pipe 132 communicated with the air source 131, the air source 131 and the ventilation pipe 132 are fixed on the frame 11, the air source 131 is preferably an air pump with an output end communicated with the ventilation pipe, the ventilation pipe 132 is disposed below the conveyor belt 12, and a blowing hole is disposed towards the ventilation hole; preferably, vent tube 132 includes a main tube 133 and a branch tube 134: the main pipe 133 is connected with the air source 131 for introducing air flow; the branched pipes 134 are communicated with the main pipe 133 and are arranged below the conveyor belt 12 layer by layer, each layer of branched pipes 134 comprises a transverse pipe 135 and a longitudinal pipe 136 which are connected with each other and form an annular air flow channel, the longitudinal pipe 136 is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 12 and is provided with vent holes, and one or more annular air flow channels formed by the branched pipes 134 are used for uniformly blowing air to tea leaves on the conveyor belt.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic view of a pressing device according to the present invention, in which a pressing device 14 is integrally formed on a frame 11 and is located at a rear end of a ventilation pipe 132, for pressing tea leaves softened by blowing, the pressing device 14 includes a visual detector 141, a roller 142, a lifting mechanism 143, a pressure sensor 144, and a controller, the visual detector 141 is used for detecting a height of tea leaves on a conveyor belt 12, preferably, the visual detector 141 is a visual sensor, the frame 11 is provided with support rods 145 at a front end and a rear end of the conveyor belt 12, and the visual detector 141 is fixed on the support rods 145 and is disposed toward the conveyor belt 12; the roller 142 is arranged above the conveyor belt 12, the roller 142 is preferably a power roller driven by a motor 144, and the driving end of the lifting mechanism 143 is connected with the roller 142 and drives the roller 142 to lift; the pressure sensor 144 is used for detecting the pressure between the roller 142 and the tea, the controller is used for receiving the height signal of the visual detector 141 and controlling the lifting mechanism 143 to lift according to the height signal so that the roller 142 is slightly higher than the height of the material, and is also used for receiving the pressure signal of the pressure sensor 144 and controlling the lifting mechanism 143 to lift according to the pressure signal so that the pressure is in a preset range; when the pressing device 14 works, the roller 142 stays at the initial position, the visual detector 141 detects the height of tea leaves, the controller controls the lifting mechanism 143 to lift the height according to the height difference between tea leaves and the roller, so that the roller 142 is slightly higher than the height of the tea leaves, the tea leaves are rolled by the roller 142 when passing through the lower part of the roller 142, the pressure sensor 144 feeds pressure information back to the controller in the rolling process, the controller controls the lifting mechanism 143 to lift so that the pressure value is in a preset size, the tea leaves can be prevented from being damaged by pressure under the pressure value of the preset size, the conversion of substances in the tea leaves is promoted, and the quality of the tea leaves is improved.
In one embodiment of the lifting mechanism 143, the lifting mechanism 143 comprises two lifting seats 101, nut members 102, a screw rod 103, a motor 104 and a base 105, wherein the lifting seats 101 are arranged on two sides of the conveyor belt 12, and two ends of the roller 142 are pivoted on the lifting seats 101; the nut piece 102 and the lifting seat 101 are fixed in a welding or tight connection nesting mode, and the screw rod 103 is vertically arranged, is in threaded fit with the nut piece 102 and penetrates through the lifting seat 101; the motor 104 is in driving connection with the screw rod 103 through a bevel gear set 107 and is used for driving the screw rod 103 to rotate so as to drive the nut member 102 and the lifting seat 101 to lift; the base 105 is fixed relative to the frame 11 and is used for pivoting and supporting the bottom of the screw 103; the pressure sensor 144 is arranged on the base 105 and is connected with the lifting seat 101 through a spring 106, and the spring 106 is sleeved on the screw 103. The motor 104 drives the screw rod 103 to rotate, and then drives the nut member 102 and the lifting seat 101 to lift, the lifting seat 101 lifts and drives the roller 142 to lift, the roller 142 presses tea leaves, and when the tea leaves are pressed, the lifting seat 101 presses the spring 106, the spring 106 presses the pressure sensor 144, and the pressure sensor 144 senses the pressure and feeds back pressure information to the controller. Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic view of installation of a pressure sensor according to the present invention through a sleeve, in another embodiment of the pressure sensor, a sleeve 146 is movably sleeved outside the roller 142, a pressure sensor 144 is disposed between the sleeve 146 and the roller 142, the pressure sensor 144 is fixed on a base 148 of the roller 142, sensing ends of the pressure sensor are connected with the sleeve 146 through springs 147, the pressure sensor 144 is disposed in a plurality of ways and is arranged in a circumferential array with the roller 142 as a center, a line of the pressure sensor 144 is connected from between the roller 142 and the sleeve 146 or from the inside of the roller 142, interference rotation is avoided, and when the roller 142 presses tea, a controller adjusts the height of a lifting mechanism 143 according to pressure peaks of each pressure sensor, and ensures that the pressure peaks are within a preset pressure value range, thus, normal transportation and pressing of tea are not interfered, sensing of pressure between the tea and the roller 142 can be implemented, and the structure is ingenious, and use is convenient.
The material homogenizing mechanism 15 is located at the head end of the uppermost layer of conveyor belt 12, the material homogenizing mechanism 15 comprises a rotating rod 151 located above the conveyor belt 12 and a material stirring rod 152 connected to the periphery of the rotating rod 151, the rotating rod 151 is pivoted on the frame 11 or the frame body of the conveyor belt 12 perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 12, the material stirring rods 152 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the rotating rod 151 and form a channel for tea to pass through with the conveyor belt 12, the rotating rod 151 can be connected with a motor, the motor drives the tea to actively rotate, the tea is distributed more uniformly after entering the conveyor belt and stirring through the material stirring rod 152, and meanwhile, the height of the tea is effectively limited by the material stirring rod 152 and the rotating rod 151, so that tea withering uniformity and tea leaf height detection by a convenient visual sensor are facilitated.
In the field implementation, firstly, the frame 11 is assembled in the withering room 1, and then the conveyor belt 12 is fixed on the frame 11 layer by layer, so that the next layer of conveyor belt 12 can bear tea leaves of the previous layer of conveyor belt 12; next, a material-homogenizing mechanism 15 is installed at the head end of the uppermost conveyor belt 12, a rotating rod 151 of the material-homogenizing mechanism 15 is pivoted on a support of the frame 11, lifting mechanisms 143 are installed at two sides of the conveyor belt 12 respectively, motors of the lifting mechanisms 143 are installed on the frame 11, sliding seats are fixed on the frame 11, sliding blocks are arranged in sliding grooves in a sliding manner, two ends of a roller 142 are pivoted on the two sliding blocks through rotating shafts, and the roller 142 is guaranteed to be parallel to the conveying surface of the conveyor belt 12; the nut and the sliding block are fixed in a welding mode; the screw rod is in threaded fit with the nut; an output shaft of the motor is in driving connection with the screw;
referring to fig. 7 and 8, fig. 7 is a schematic view of the present invention understanding tea production line, and fig. 8 is a schematic view of the present invention understanding tea production line bending arrangement.
Example 2: based on the embodiment 1, the invention also provides a white tea production line, which comprises a feeding and homogenizing mechanism 2, a low-temperature area withering room 1a, a transfer mechanism 3, a medium-temperature area withering room 1b, a withering discharging machine 4, a drying and feeding machine 5, a drying machine 6, a drying and discharging lifting machine 7, an electrostatic feeding machine 8 and an electrostatic hair separator 9 which are sequentially arranged, wherein the low-temperature area withering room 1a and the medium-temperature area withering room 1b are the withering rooms 1 of the embodiment 1;
the feeding and homogenizing mechanism 2 is used for conveying tea leaves into the low-temperature area withering room 1 a; preferably, the feeding and refining mechanism 2 comprises a lifter 21 and a refining mechanism 22 for refining the lifted tea leaves, the lifter 21 lifts the tea leaves to the front section of the top conveyor belt, and the refining mechanism 22 has the same structure as the refining mechanism 15 in embodiment 1 and is installed on the conveying path of the lifter 21.
The low temperature zone withering house 1a is used to wither tea leaves at low temperatures.
The transfer mechanism 3 is arranged between a discharge hole of the low-temperature area withering room 1a and a feed hole of the medium-temperature area withering room 1b and is used for conveying tea leaves withered in the low-temperature area withering room 1a into the medium-temperature area withering room 1 b; preferably, the transfer mechanism 3 is a lifter.
The intermediate temperature zone withering house 1b is used to wither tea leaves at intermediate temperatures.
The withering discharging machine 4 is arranged at a discharging hole of the medium-temperature area withering room 1b and is used for receiving tea leaves withered by the medium-temperature area withering room 1b and conveying the tea leaves to the drying and feeding machine 5.
And a drying feeder 5 for conveying the tea leaves into a dryer 6.
And a dryer 6 for drying the tea leaves, wherein a chain plate dryer 6 is preferably selected.
And the electrostatic feeder 8 is used for receiving the dried tea leaves and conveying the tea leaves into the electrostatic hair separator 9.
An electrostatic hair separator 9 for separating hair from tea leaves.
During site construction, the feeding and homogenizing mechanism 2, the low-temperature area withering room 1a, the transfer mechanism 3, the medium-temperature area withering room 1b, the withering discharging machine 4, the drying and feeding machine 5, the drying machine 6, the drying and discharging lifting machine 7, the electrostatic feeding machine 8, the electrostatic hair separator 9 and the manual picking platform are sequentially arranged in a straight-line arrangement or bending arrangement mode according to the size of a factory building, but the tea leaves are required to be automatically conveyed in the whole process without manual transfer, and the processed tea leaves can be obtained through the white tea production line after being fed; of course, an artificial picking platform 10 may be added at the rear end of the electrostatic hair separator 9, for receiving the tea leaves processed by the electrostatic hair separator 9 and performing artificial processing.
The white tea production line of this embodiment is withered to soft and constantly, when the plasticity is strong through moisturizing new trend device 13 and pressing device 14 at tealeaves, through the roll-in of roller 142 for tealeaves becomes level and smooth, does benefit to the stack of later stage, practices thrift the space, increases tealeaves connecing matter conversion, better promotion tealeaves micro-fermentation, and tea soup taste is softer, reduces bitter taste and green grass gas. The electrostatic hair separator 9 adopts electrostatic adsorption and high wind power cyclone, far infrared sensing and the like to screen tea impurities, so that the tea production is more sanitary and clean. The production line can be controlled by a simple PLC in a multistage manner, a set of designed production process parameters can be automatically selected according to the grade of picked tea leaves before production, and each equipment is subjected to pipelining operation, so long as the tea leaves are put in, an automatic control system is started, manual work is not needed, and the prepared tea leaves can be collected after about 24 hours, so that the production efficiency is improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the tea leaf quality is improved.
Example 3: based on embodiments 1 and 2, the invention also provides a white tea production process, which comprises the following steps:
step one, withering: conveying the tea leaves to a conveying belt of a low-temperature area withering room; the tea leaf homogenizing mechanism 15 homogenizes tea leaves on the conveying belt, and the homogenizing process comprises stirring the tea leaves through a stirring rod and limiting the conveying height of the tea leaves through a rotating rod 151 and the stirring rod; the air source 131 conveys air to the ventilation pipe 132, and the ventilation pipe 132 blows air to the bottom of the tea through the ventilation hole; the visual detector 141 detects the height of the tea leaves and feeds back a height signal to the controller, and the controller controls the lifting mechanism 143 to lift according to the height signal, so that the height of the roller 142 is slightly lower than the height of the tea leaves; the blown tea passes through the bottom of the roller 142, the roller 142 presses the tea, the pressure sensor 144 senses the pressure value between the roller 142 and the tea and feeds the pressure value back to the controller, and the controller controls the lifting mechanism 143 to lift so that the pressure value is within a preset pressure value interval; the tea leaves are conveyed layer by layer until the tail end of the bottom layer conveyor belt 12 is output; transferring the tea leaves output from the low-temperature area withering room to the medium-temperature area withering room for secondary withering;
step two, drying: the tea leaves after being withered in the medium-temperature zone withering room are conveyed into a dryer 6 for drying;
step three, static electricity impurity removal: the dried tea leaves are conveyed to an electrostatic hair separator 9 to separate hairs and impurities.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A withering booth, comprising:
a frame;
the conveying belt is arranged on the rack in a layered manner and is used for conveying materials layer by layer from top to bottom, and the belt surface of the conveying belt is provided with vent holes;
the fresh air supplementing device comprises a ventilation pipe and an air source for conveying air to the ventilation pipe, wherein the ventilation pipe is arranged below the conveyor belt and provided with a blowing hole arranged towards the ventilation hole;
the pressing device is arranged on the frame and positioned at the rear end of the ventilation pipe and used for pressing materials, and comprises a visual detector, a roller, a driving end, a lifting mechanism, a pressure sensor and a controller, wherein the visual detector is used for detecting the height of the materials on the conveying belt, the lifting mechanism is arranged above the conveying belt, the driving end is connected with the roller and used for detecting the pressure between the roller and the materials, the pressure sensor is used for detecting the pressure between the roller and the materials, the controller is used for receiving a height signal of the visual detector and controlling the lifting mechanism to lift according to the height signal so that the roller is slightly higher than the height of the materials, and the controller is also used for receiving a pressure signal of the pressure sensor and controlling the lifting mechanism to lift according to the pressure signal so that the pressure value is in a preset range.
2. The withering room of claim 1 wherein the elevating mechanism comprises:
the lifting seat is used for pivoting the roller;
the nut piece is fixed with the lifting seat;
the screw rod is vertically arranged and is in threaded fit with the nut piece;
the motor is in driving connection with the screw rod and is used for driving the screw rod to rotate so as to drive the nut piece and the lifting seat to lift; and
the base is fixed relative to the frame and is used for pivoting and supporting the bottom of the screw rod;
the pressure sensor is arranged on the base and connected with the lifting seat through a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the screw rod.
3. The withering room of claim 1 wherein the ventilation tube comprises:
the main pipe is connected with the air source;
the branched pipes are communicated with the main pipe and are arranged below the conveyor belt layer by layer, each layer of branched pipe comprises a transverse pipe and a longitudinal pipe which are connected with each other and form an annular airflow channel, and the longitudinal pipe is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt and is provided with the vent holes.
4. A withering room as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a levelling mechanism at the front section of the top conveyor, the levelling mechanism comprising a rotatable bar above the conveyor and a deflector bar connected to the periphery of the rotatable bar, the rotatable bar being arranged perpendicular to the direction of transport of the conveyor, the deflector bars being spaced apart along the length of the rotatable bar and forming a channel with the conveyor for the passage of material.
5. A white tea production line comprising a withering house as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The white tea production line according to claim 5, wherein the withering room comprises a low-temperature area withering room and a middle-temperature area withering room, and further comprises a feeding and homogenizing mechanism positioned at the front end of the low-temperature area withering room, a transfer mechanism positioned between the low-temperature area withering room and the middle-temperature area withering room, and a withering discharging machine, a drying and feeding machine, a drying and discharging lifting machine, an electrostatic feeding machine, an electrostatic hair separator and an artificial picking platform which are sequentially arranged at the rear end of the middle-temperature area withering room;
the feeding and homogenizing mechanism is used for conveying tea leaves into the low-temperature area withering room;
a low temperature zone withering room for withering tea leaves at low temperature;
the transfer mechanism is arranged between a discharge hole of the low-temperature area withering room and a feed hole of the medium-temperature area withering room and is used for conveying tea leaves withered in the low-temperature area withering room into the medium-temperature area withering room;
a mesophilic zone withering house for withering tea leaves at mesophilic temperatures;
the withering discharging machine is arranged at a discharging hole of the medium-temperature area withering room and is used for receiving tea leaves withered in the medium-temperature area withering room and conveying the tea leaves to the drying and feeding machine;
the drying feeder is used for conveying tea leaves into the dryer;
a dryer for drying tea leaves;
the electrostatic feeder is used for receiving the dried tea leaves and conveying the dried tea leaves into the electrostatic hair separator;
an electrostatic hair separator for separating hair from tea leaves.
7. The white tea production line according to claim 6, wherein the feeding and homogenizing mechanism comprises a lifter and a homogenizing rod, wherein the homogenizing rod is rotatably arranged on a conveying path of the lifter, and a stirring rod for stirring tea leaves is arranged along the length direction.
8. A white tea production process using the withering house of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step one, withering: conveying the tea leaves to a conveying belt of a low-temperature area withering room; the air source transmits air to the ventilation pipe, and the ventilation pipe blows air to the bottom of the conveying belt and the tea from bottom to top; the visual detector detects the height of the tea leaves and feeds back a height signal to the controller, and the controller controls the lifting mechanism to lift according to the height signal, so that the height of the roller is slightly lower than the height of the tea leaves; the tea passes through the bottom of the roller, the pressure sensor senses the pressure value between the roller and the tea and feeds the pressure value back to the controller, and the controller controls the lifting mechanism to lift so that the pressure value is within a preset pressure value interval; the tea leaves are conveyed layer by layer until reaching the tail end of a bottom layer conveyor belt and are transferred to a medium-temperature zone withering room for secondary withering;
step two, drying: the tea leaves after being withered in the medium-temperature area withering room are conveyed into a dryer for drying;
step three, static electricity impurity removal: and conveying the dried tea leaves to an electrostatic hair separator to separate hairs and impurities.
9. The white tea production process according to claim 8, wherein the first step further comprises the step of homogenizing by a homogenizing mechanism after conveying the tea leaves to the conveying belt of the low-temperature zone withering room, and the homogenizing process comprises the step of stirring the tea leaves by a stirring rod and limiting the conveying height of the tea leaves by a rotating rod and the stirring rod.
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