CN114219291A - Power distribution system toughness improvement method based on P2P transaction mode and MES electric energy sharing - Google Patents

Power distribution system toughness improvement method based on P2P transaction mode and MES electric energy sharing Download PDF

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CN114219291A
CN114219291A CN202111539027.4A CN202111539027A CN114219291A CN 114219291 A CN114219291 A CN 114219291A CN 202111539027 A CN202111539027 A CN 202111539027A CN 114219291 A CN114219291 A CN 114219291A
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陈佳佳
刘峰伟
陈文刚
肖传亮
徐丙垠
丛新棚
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Shandong Kehui Power Automation Co ltd
Shandong University of Technology
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Shandong University of Technology
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Abstract

A distribution system toughness improvement method based on a P2P transaction mode and MES electric energy sharing belongs to the technical field of distribution network toughness improvement. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a transaction framework of each producer and consumer P2P in the power distribution system; providing an MES-based electric energy sharing model in a power distribution system; establishing a distribution system toughness improvement model based on a P2P transaction mode and MES electric energy sharing; and solving the toughness improvement model and obtaining the optimal capacity of the MES and the space-time characteristics of charging, discharging and electric energy sharing. The method and the system give play to the maximum extent that MES accelerates the recovery of fault power supply, and improve the economical efficiency of system operation by reasonably arranging the charging and discharging time by utilizing the charging and discharging time sequence and the time-of-use electricity price, thereby achieving the effect of improving the toughness of the power distribution system.

Description

Power distribution system toughness improvement method based on P2P transaction mode and MES electric energy sharing
Technical Field
A distribution system toughness improvement method based on a P2P transaction mode and MES electric energy sharing belongs to the technical field of distribution network toughness improvement.
Background
The safe and stable supply of electric power is an important push hand for the development of the current economic society, and the reduction and even avoidance of the faults of the electric power system have important significance for various industries and the maintenance of the stable development of the social economy. The scale of the power grid is gradually enlarged worldwide, the complexity of the power grid is gradually increased, and the probability of power equipment failure and misoperation caused by extreme weather are also gradually increased. When the power distribution system suffers from sudden failure, the power distribution system not only can affect the producers and consumers directly connected with the power distribution system, but also can cause large-scale power failure accidents. Therefore, the toughness of the distribution system when suffering from sudden failures such as extreme weather and misoperation is generally concerned by domestic and foreign scholars.
At present, methods for improving toughness of a power distribution system mainly comprise: the power supply continuity of important loads is ensured by a topology switching mode, the effect of the topology switching mode on the aspect of power supply recovery of a household power distribution system is very limited, and the power supply of loads which are failed and lost can not be completely recovered; the energy storage system is used for fixing the volume and selecting the site in the power distribution system to ensure that important loads of the power distribution system are supplied uninterruptedly so as to improve the toughness of the power distribution system, but because a line of the power distribution system with a fault has uncertainty, when the fixed energy storage system is positioned outside the fault range of the power distribution system, the fixed energy storage system cannot play a role in accelerating the recovery of the power supply of the fault part. In recent years, a newly-developed mobile energy storage system realizes uncertainty of change of a topological structure of a power distribution system after a fault through self-moving characteristics, so that the fixed energy storage system is limited in making up fault load, but in the traditional electric energy transaction, each producer and consumer of the power distribution system can only operate in a self-service and residual electricity internet-surfing mode, the electric energy sharing among the producers and consumers cannot be realized, the self-generating capacity of each producer and consumer is limited, and the traditional electric energy transaction mode cannot stimulate flexible resources of each producer and consumer during electric energy sharing. Compared with the traditional electric energy transaction mode, the P2P transaction mode is used as a new transaction mode, and has the advantages that the P2P transaction mode provides a platform for electric energy transaction among all the producers and the consumers, so that all the producers and the consumers have electric energy transaction selectivity, the flexible resources of all the producers and the consumers can be fully utilized, and the P2P transaction mode has an important effect in the field of toughness improvement of a power distribution system.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the method overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides the toughness improvement method of the power distribution system based on the P2P transaction mode and the MES power sharing, which can obtain the optimal configuration capacity and the time-space characteristic of the MES when the toughness of the power distribution system is improved to the maximum extent, and the power sharing condition of each producer and consumer under the P2P platform.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the toughness improving method of the power distribution system based on the P2P transaction mode and the MES electric energy sharing is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
constructing a transaction framework of each producer and consumer P2P in the power distribution system;
providing an MES-based electric energy sharing model in a power distribution system;
establishing a distribution system toughness improvement model based on a P2P transaction mode and MES electric energy sharing;
and solving the toughness improvement model and obtaining the optimal capacity of the MES and the space-time characteristics of charging, discharging and electric energy sharing.
Preferably, the method further comprises each of the producers and consumers with power generation capability sharing power with other producers and consumers on the P2P trading framework.
Preferably, the transaction framework of P2P is:
Figure BDA0003413367240000021
wherein T is a time T set, N is a set of producers and consumers b of the power distribution system, G is a set of distributed generators G in the power distribution system,
Figure BDA0003413367240000022
the active and reactive electric energy, U, obtained by participating in P2P transaction and direct transaction between the power grid and the superior power grid for the producer b in the t periodb，tThe power utilization benefit of the patient b in the period t, Cg(t) is the cost function of power generation for the producer and consumer distributed power sources, Cw(t) is the real-time electricity price of the power grid,
Figure BDA0003413367240000023
the active power of the distributed generator g at the client b during the period t,
Figure BDA0003413367240000024
active power injected from node b for the grid.
Preferably, the output of each producer and consumer under the P2P trading framework is:
Figure BDA0003413367240000025
the power sharing model under the P2P framework is:
Figure BDA0003413367240000031
wherein ω represents each electrical energy transaction; omegas、ωgThe electricity selling party and the electricity purchasing party of the P2P transaction respectively;
Figure BDA0003413367240000032
respectively representing the corresponding transaction amount of the electric energy transaction omega in the time period t, including active power and reactive power; omegatA set of electric energy transactions omega for a period t;
Figure BDA0003413367240000033
the active and reactive demands of the producer b in the period t are respectively.
Preferably, the constraints of the MES running state comprise constraints of the MES running state, constraints of continuous charging and discharging of the MES, constraints of maximum charging and discharging power of the MES, constraints of the state of charge of the MES and constraints of optimal capacity of the MES.
Preferably, the MES run status constraint is:
Figure BDA0003413367240000034
k is a set of MES with the number of K;
Figure BDA0003413367240000035
and
Figure BDA0003413367240000036
all of which are variables from 0 to 1,
Figure BDA0003413367240000037
indicating a charge signal at the person b with birth or death at time k, if
Figure BDA0003413367240000038
If the number is 1, the MES with the number of k is charged at the position of a producer b at the moment t;
Figure BDA0003413367240000039
a discharge signal indicative of the MES is provided,
Figure BDA00034133672400000310
represents a movement signal of the MES when
Figure BDA00034133672400000311
When the number is 1, the MES with the number k is in a moving state in the time period t;
the MES continuous charging and discharging constraint is as follows:
Figure BDA00034133672400000312
Figure BDA00034133672400000313
wherein N is the set of the distribution system producers and consumers b;
Figure BDA00034133672400000314
the electric quantity of the MES with the serial number of k at the time t;
Figure BDA00034133672400000315
the electric quantity of the MES with the serial number of k at the time t-1;
Figure BDA00034133672400000316
the electric quantity of the MES with the number of k at 0;
Figure BDA00034133672400000317
the power of MES numbered k at 24;
Figure BDA00034133672400000318
respectively the charging amount and the discharging amount of MES with the number of k at the time t at the position b; y iskThe initial energy coefficient of MES with the number of k is 0 to 1]；MESSkMES capacity;
the MES charging and discharging maximum power constraint is as follows:
Figure BDA0003413367240000041
Figure BDA0003413367240000042
Figure BDA0003413367240000043
Figure BDA0003413367240000044
wherein Pmax and Qmax are respectively the active and reactive maximum power limits of charging and discharging of MES;
Figure BDA0003413367240000045
Figure BDA0003413367240000046
respectively the reactive charge and discharge of MES with the number of k at the position of a producer b; when in use
Figure BDA0003413367240000047
When the maximum power limit is 1, the maximum power limit for charging and discharging the MES is the actual power limit of each MES, and when the maximum power limit is 1, the MES charges and discharges
Figure BDA0003413367240000048
When the MES charging and discharging power is 0, the MES charging and discharging power is 0;
the MES State of Charge constraints are:
Figure BDA0003413367240000049
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA00034133672400000410
the maximum and minimum of the state of charge of MES numbered k,
Figure BDA00034133672400000411
is at the same timethe charge state of the MES with the serial number of k at the time t;
the MES optimal capacity constraint is:
Figure BDA00034133672400000412
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA00034133672400000413
all in one
Figure BDA00034133672400000414
SOC minkAll in one
Figure BDA00034133672400000415
Preferably, the method for establishing the toughness improvement model of the power distribution system based on the P2P transaction mode and MES power sharing comprises the following steps:
an objective function of a distribution system toughness improvement model based on a P2P transaction mode and MES electric energy sharing is as follows:
Figure BDA00034133672400000416
wherein T is a time T set; n is the set of the distribution system producers and consumers b; k is a set of MES with the number of K; CE. CP is the cost coefficient of MES; p is the loss of load cost coefficient of the producer and the consumer; MESSkMES capacity; pmax is the active maximum power limit of charging and discharging MES respectively; distributed power generation cost CgElectricity prices for transactions between the producers and the consumers;
Figure BDA0003413367240000051
the active power output of the distributed generator g at the place of the producer b and the consumer b in the period t; cw(t) is the real-time electricity price of the power grid;
Figure BDA0003413367240000052
active power injected from node b for the grid; n is a radical offaultFor the lying-in and disappearing person in the fault areaGathering;
Figure BDA0003413367240000053
trading the acquired active power for the producer b of the fault part of the power distribution system through P2P;
Figure BDA0003413367240000054
the active demand of the puerpera b in the period t; d is the running cost of the MES in unit time;
Figure BDA0003413367240000055
a movement signal of MES for a period t, when the movement signal is 1, the MES is shifted;
and (3) constraint conditions of a power distribution system toughness improvement model based on the P2P transaction mode and MES power sharing.
Preferably, the constraint conditions comprise a power flow constraint, a generator output constraint, a node voltage constraint and an MES charging power source constraint;
the power flow constraint is as follows:
Figure BDA0003413367240000056
Figure BDA0003413367240000057
Figure BDA0003413367240000058
Figure BDA0003413367240000059
Figure BDA00034133672400000510
Figure BDA00034133672400000511
Figure BDA00034133672400000512
wherein b and/respectively belong to a power distribution system producer and consumer and a line set N, L;
Figure BDA00034133672400000513
the idle charge quantity of MES with the number of k at the position of a producer and a consumer b;
Figure BDA00034133672400000514
the charging quantity of MES with the number of k at the time t at the b; n is a radical offaultA set of producers and consumers in the fault area; n is a radical ofnormIs a normal regional puerperal set;
Figure BDA00034133672400000515
a variable 0-1 for representing whether the line has a fault, wherein the variable is 0 when the line/has the fault, and is 1 otherwise;
Figure BDA0003413367240000061
respectively the active power and the reactive power flowing on the line/the line at the time t; slIs the capacity of the line/s; a isl，tThe square of the current flowing on the line/at the time t; v. ofb，tThe square of the voltage of the node where the victim b is located at the moment t; rl、XlResistance and reactance of the line/respectively; gb、BbThe conductance and the susceptance of the producer and the consumer b respectively;
Figure BDA0003413367240000062
respectively the active and reactive output of the distributed power supply g at the producer and the consumer b at the moment t;
Figure BDA0003413367240000063
respectively the active power and the reactive power injected by the power grid at the position of the producer b at the moment t;
Figure BDA0003413367240000064
respectively obtaining electric energy by the producer b purchasing electricity from the power grid and performing P2P transaction with other producers and consumers at the moment t; s (l) is the power outflow end of the line/s; r (l) is the power inflow end of the line/line; v. ofs(l)，t、vr(l)，tThe square of the voltage of the line/power outflow end and the inflow end respectively;
Figure BDA0003413367240000065
respectively transmitting active power and reactive power of the transmission line flowing into the producer b and the consumer b;
Figure BDA0003413367240000066
respectively transmitting active power and reactive power of the transmission line of the output producer b and the output consumer b;
the output constraint of the generator is as follows:
Figure BDA0003413367240000067
Figure BDA0003413367240000068
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003413367240000069
the maximum values of the active power and the reactive power of the distributed generator g at the position of the producer and the consumer b are respectively;
the node voltage constraint is:
Figure BDA00034133672400000610
wherein N isnorm、NfaultRespectively are a set of normal region fault regions of the power distribution system;
Figure BDA00034133672400000611
is the modulus of the voltage at the position of the user b at the moment t;
Figure BDA00034133672400000612
b，tVrespectively is the upper limit and the lower limit of the module value of the voltage of the position b of the user who generates or disappears at the moment t; z is a radical oftAs an auxiliary variable of the voltage constraint, ztWhen 0 there is no voltage constraint in the fault region, ztIf 1, voltage constraint exists in the fault area;
the MES charging power source constraints are:
Figure BDA00034133672400000613
Figure BDA0003413367240000071
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003413367240000072
active power, omega, from distributed generators g at the producer and consumer b during charging of the MES at time tg，tFor a transaction set, Ω, of the t-slot distributed generator gk，tThe transaction sets are MES transaction sets with the time period t being numbered k, and the transaction sets form a transaction set omega at the time t P2Pt，
Figure BDA0003413367240000073
The discharge amount at b for MES numbered k at time t,
Figure BDA0003413367240000074
representing the corresponding trading volume of the electric energy trading omega in the period t.
Preferably, the power distribution system is solved using a Gurobi solver based on Julia.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of carrying out cost sharing on each producer and consumer participating in MES electric energy sharing by adopting an MES electric energy sharing cost sharing mechanism based on a proportion distribution method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the toughness improvement method of the power distribution system based on the P2P transaction mode and the MES electric energy sharing realizes reduction of failure load loss of the power distribution system and improves the economical efficiency of operation; establishing a cost sharing model of MES electric energy sharing based on a proportional distribution method applied to a power distribution system and solving the cost sharing model;
according to the invention, the problem that the fixed energy storage system cannot play a role in compensating for fault and load loss due to the fact that the position of the fixed energy storage system is out of the fault range under the uncertainty of topological structure change caused by the uncertainty of the power distribution system fault can be effectively solved through a coordinated operation strategy, and each producer and consumer in the power distribution system can share electric energy by introducing a P2P electric energy transaction mechanism, so that MES is exerted to the maximum extent to accelerate recovery of fault power supply, and the charging and discharging time is reasonably arranged by utilizing the time sequence of charging and discharging and the time-sharing electricity price to improve the economical efficiency of system operation, thereby achieving the effect of improving the toughness of the power distribution system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a power distribution system toughness improvement strategy based on P2P transaction model and MES power sharing.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a process by which each of the producers and consumers with power generation capability can share power with other producers and consumers on a P2P trading framework.
Fig. 3 is a structural view of a 15-node radiation type power distribution system.
FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 are schematic diagrams of MES optimal spatiotemporal characteristics under various fault conditions.
Fig. 7 illustrates the power sharing among consumers in the power distribution system in the event of a line 4 failure.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the electricity price of the time-sharing power grid and the power generation cost of the time-sharing distributed power source.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description, however, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the detailed description given herein with respect to the accompanying drawings is for better explanation and that the present invention is not necessarily limited to the specific embodiments, but rather, for equivalent alternatives or common approaches, may be omitted from the detailed description, while still remaining within the scope of the present application.
Fig. 1 to 8 are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention will be further described with reference to fig. 1 to 8.
As shown in fig. 1: a power distribution system toughness improvement method based on a P2P transaction mode and MES electric energy sharing comprises the following steps:
constructing a transaction framework of each producer and consumer P2P in the power distribution system;
providing an MES-based electric energy sharing model in a power distribution system;
establishing a distribution system toughness improvement model based on a P2P transaction mode and MES electric energy sharing;
and solving the toughness improvement model and obtaining the optimal capacity of the MES and the space-time characteristics of charging, discharging and electric energy sharing.
As a possible implementation manner of this embodiment, the process of constructing the transaction framework of each producer and consumer P2P in the power distribution system is as follows:
compared with the traditional electric energy transaction mode of self-generation and residual electricity online, the P2P transaction enables the consumers in the power distribution system to have the right of electric energy sharing, so that the consumers with the power generation capacity can share electric energy with other consumers on the P2P transaction framework, and the sharing process is shown in FIG. 2.
According to the electric energy sharing, the producers and consumers 5 and 6 have certain power generation capacity, and share the electric energy with other producers and consumers by using the power generation capacity of the producers and consumers in the operation process of the power distribution system. And omega is the shared electric quantity in the electric energy sharing process.
The P2P trading framework provided by the invention is based on the whole power distribution system and aims to realize the maximization of the social welfare of the power distribution system. The transaction framework of P2P is:
Figure BDA0003413367240000081
wherein T is a time T set, N is a set of producers and consumers b of the power distribution system, G is a set of distributed generators G in the power distribution system,
Figure BDA0003413367240000091
the active and reactive electric energy, U, obtained by participating in P2P transaction and direct transaction between the power grid and the superior power grid for the producer b in the t periodb，tThe power utilization benefit of the patient b in the period t, Cg(t) is the cost function of power generation for the producer and consumer distributed power sources, Cw(t) is the real-time electricity price of the power grid,
Figure BDA0003413367240000092
the active power of the distributed generator g at the client b during the period t,
Figure BDA0003413367240000093
active power injected from node b for the grid.
The output of each producer and consumer under the P2P trading framework is:
Figure BDA0003413367240000094
the power sharing model under the P2P framework is:
Figure BDA0003413367240000095
wherein ω represents each electrical energy transaction; omegas、ωgThe electricity selling party and the electricity purchasing party of the P2P transaction respectively;
Figure BDA0003413367240000096
respectively representing the corresponding transaction amount of the electric energy transaction omega in the time period t, including active power and reactive power; omegatA set of electric energy transactions omega for a period t;
Figure BDA0003413367240000097
the active and reactive demands of the producer b in the period t are respectively.
The above formula refers to the output of each distributed power source participating in the P2P transaction and the real and reactive power obtained by each producer and consumer through the P2P transaction.
By applying the objective function and constraint of the above P2P transaction to the power distribution system, the power sold by each distributed power source, the power purchased from the power grid, and the power sharing among each producer and consumer at each moment in time can be obtained at the minimum operation cost of the power distribution system.
As a possible implementation manner of this embodiment, a process of constructing an MES-based power sharing model in a power distribution system is as follows:
the model of the MES electric energy sharing mechanism applied to the power distribution system aims to optimize the operation state, the position and the charging and discharging scale of the MES in multiple periods.
The MES has three different running states, namely a charging state, a discharging state and a moving state, and the constraints of the MES running states comprise an MES running state constraint, an MES continuous charging and discharging constraint, an MES charging and discharging maximum power constraint, an MES charging and discharging state constraint and an MES optimal capacity constraint.
The MES run state constraints are:
Figure BDA0003413367240000101
k is a set of MES with the number of K;
Figure BDA0003413367240000102
and
Figure BDA0003413367240000103
all of which are variables from 0 to 1,
Figure BDA0003413367240000104
indicating a charge signal at the person b with birth or death at time k, if
Figure BDA0003413367240000105
If the number is 1, the MES with the number of k is charged at the position of a producer b at the moment t;
Figure BDA0003413367240000106
a discharge signal indicative of the MES is provided,
Figure BDA0003413367240000107
represents a movement signal of the MES when
Figure BDA0003413367240000108
At 1, the MES number k is in motion during time t. Each MES can only run at one node at a time, and each MES can only have one run status at a time.
MES continuous charging and discharging constraints are as follows:
Figure BDA0003413367240000109
Figure BDA00034133672400001010
wherein N is the set of the distribution system producers and consumers b;
Figure BDA00034133672400001011
the electric quantity of the MES with the serial number of k at the time t;
Figure BDA00034133672400001012
the electric quantity of the MES with the serial number of k at the time t-1;
Figure BDA00034133672400001013
the electric quantity of the MES with the number of k at 0;
Figure BDA00034133672400001014
the power of MES numbered k at 24;
Figure BDA00034133672400001015
respectively the charging amount and the discharging amount of MES with the number of k at the time t at the position b; y iskThe initial energy coefficient of MES with the number of k is 0 to 1]；MESSkMES capacity.
The maximum power constraint of charging and discharging MES is as follows:
Figure BDA00034133672400001016
Figure BDA00034133672400001017
Figure BDA00034133672400001018
Figure BDA00034133672400001019
wherein Pmax and Qmax are respectively the active and reactive maximum power limits of charging and discharging of MES;
Figure BDA0003413367240000111
Figure BDA0003413367240000112
respectively the reactive charge and discharge of MES with the number of k at the position of a producer b; when in use
Figure BDA0003413367240000113
When the maximum power limit is 1, the maximum power limit for charging and discharging the MES is the actual power limit of each MES, and when the maximum power limit is 1, the MES charges and discharges
Figure BDA0003413367240000114
When the MES charging and discharging power is 0, the MES charging and discharging power is 0;
the MES State of Charge constraints are:
Figure BDA0003413367240000115
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003413367240000116
the maximum and minimum values of the state of charge of the MES with the number k respectively,
Figure BDA0003413367240000117
the state of charge of the MES numbered k at time t. The equation is the state of charge of the MES with the number k at the time t.
The MES optimal capacity constraint is:
Figure BDA0003413367240000118
wherein, SOC maxkAll in one
Figure BDA0003413367240000119
SOC minkAll in one
Figure BDA00034133672400001110
The economics of setting up the MES are also considered while applying the MES to optimize the power distribution system. The optimal capacity of the MES is calculated according to the optimized residual capacity of the energy storage device at any moment and the maximum value and the minimum value of the state of charge.
As a possible implementation manner of this embodiment, the process of establishing the distribution system toughness improvement model based on the P2P transaction mode and MES power sharing includes:
an objective function of a distribution system toughness improvement model based on a P2P transaction mode and MES electric energy sharing is as follows:
the method aims at improving the economy of operation of the power distribution system after the fault and reducing the fault load loss of the power distribution system to measure the toughness of the power distribution system, and the objective function of the model is as follows:
Figure BDA00034133672400001111
wherein T is a time T set; n is the set of the distribution system producers and consumers b; k is a set of MES with the number of K; CE. CP is the cost coefficient of MES; p is the loss of load cost coefficient of the producer and the consumer; MESSkMES capacity; pmax is the active maximum power limit of charging and discharging MES respectively; distributed power generation cost CgElectricity prices for transactions between the producers and the consumers;
Figure BDA0003413367240000121
the active power output of the distributed generator g at the place of the producer b and the consumer b in the period t; cw(t) is the real-time electricity price of the power grid;
Figure BDA0003413367240000122
active power injected from node b for the grid; n is a radical offaultA set of producers and consumers in the fault area;
Figure BDA0003413367240000123
trading the acquired active power for the producer b of the fault part of the power distribution system through P2P;
Figure BDA0003413367240000124
the active demand of the puerpera b in the period t; d is the running cost of the MES in unit time;
Figure BDA0003413367240000125
a movement signal of MES for a period t, when it is 1, MES is shifted.
And each item in the standard function is the emergency dispatching cost of the MES, the power generation cost of a distributed generator in the power distribution system at the time t, the power purchase cost of each producer and consumer from the power grid, the load loss cost of the power distribution system and the cost generated in the MES running process. The reason for generating the load loss is that after a fault occurs, a fault line terminal network is disconnected with a superior power grid, a power distribution system is divided into a normal part and a fault part, the normal part is directly connected with the superior power grid, and the fault part is disconnected with the superior power grid. The electricity required by the fault section can only be traded by P2P with the producer and consumer with the ability to generate electricity, and therefore, a certain fault loss occurs when the producer and consumer in the fault section cannot meet all the load demands.
Constraint conditions of a distribution system toughness improvement model based on P2P transaction mode and MES electric energy sharing:
the constraint conditions comprise power flow constraint, generator output constraint, node voltage constraint and MES charging power source constraint;
in the toughness improvement model of the power distribution system, because the electric energy sharing is carried out among the producers and the consumers, the flow of the power distribution system is influenced to a certain extent, so that the electric energy sharing among the producers and the consumers needs to meet the flow constraint, and because the power distribution system is divided into two parts, namely a normal part and a fault part after the fault, the fault part loses the electrical connection with the power grid. Therefore, the power flow constraint needs to take into account both the normal region and the fault region.
The power flow constraint is as follows:
Figure BDA0003413367240000126
Figure BDA0003413367240000127
Figure BDA0003413367240000128
Figure BDA0003413367240000131
Figure BDA0003413367240000132
Figure BDA0003413367240000133
Figure BDA0003413367240000134
wherein b and/respectively belong to the power distribution systemA set of customer, line N, L;
Figure BDA0003413367240000135
the idle charge quantity of MES with the number of k at the position of a producer and a consumer b;
Figure BDA0003413367240000136
the charging quantity of MES with the number of k at the time t at the b; n is a radical offaultA set of producers and consumers in the fault area; n is a radical ofnormIs a normal regional puerperal set;
Figure BDA0003413367240000137
a variable 0-1 for representing whether the line has a fault, wherein the variable is 0 when the line/has the fault, and is 1 otherwise;
Figure BDA0003413367240000138
respectively the active power and the reactive power flowing on the line/the line at the time t; slIs the capacity of the line/s; a isl，tThe square of the current flowing on the line/at the time t; v. ofb，tThe square of the voltage of the node where the victim b is located at the moment t; rl、XlResistance and reactance of the line/respectively; gb、BbThe conductance and the susceptance of the producer and the consumer b respectively;
Figure BDA0003413367240000139
respectively the active and reactive output of the distributed power supply g at the producer and the consumer b at the moment t;
Figure BDA00034133672400001310
respectively the active power and the reactive power injected by the power grid at the position of the producer b at the moment t;
Figure BDA00034133672400001311
respectively obtaining electric energy by the producer b purchasing electricity from the power grid and performing P2P transaction with other producers and consumers at the moment t; s (l) is the power outflow end of the line/s; r (l) is the power inflow end of the line/line; v. ofs(l)，t、vr(l)，tThe square of the voltage at the line/power outlet end and the voltage at the inlet end；
Figure BDA00034133672400001312
Respectively transmitting active power and reactive power of the transmission line flowing into the producer b and the consumer b;
Figure BDA00034133672400001313
respectively the active power and the reactive power transmitted by the transmission line of the outgoing producer b and the consumer b.
The output constraint of the generator is as follows:
Figure BDA00034133672400001314
Figure BDA00034133672400001315
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA00034133672400001316
the maximum values of the active power and the reactive power of the distributed generator g at the producer and the consumer b are respectively. The above equation limits the distributed generator contribution of each producer and consumer in the power distribution system.
The fault line of the power distribution system has uncertainty, and the fault area power flow constraint indicates whether a distributed power supply or a discharging MES exists in the fault area or not by setting a Boolean type variable.
The node voltage constraint is:
Figure BDA0003413367240000141
wherein N isnorm、NfaultRespectively are a set of normal region fault regions of the power distribution system;
Figure BDA0003413367240000142
is the modulus of the voltage at the position of the user b at the moment t;
Figure BDA00034133672400001410
Vb，trespectively is the upper limit and the lower limit of the module value of the voltage of the position b of the user who generates or disappears at the moment t; z is a radical oftAs an auxiliary variable of the voltage constraint, ztWhen 0 there is no voltage constraint in the fault region, ztThere is a voltage constraint for the fault region at 1.
Figure BDA0003413367240000144
When the MES is charging at a node of the power distribution system, the charging power may originate from the power grid or be a producer or a consumer in the power distribution system, and therefore the power source of the MES charging needs to be calculated.
The MES charging power source constraints are:
Figure BDA0003413367240000145
Figure BDA0003413367240000146
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003413367240000147
active power, omega, from distributed generators g at the producer and consumer b during charging of the MES at time tg，tFor a transaction set, Ω, of the t-slot distributed generator gk，tThe transaction sets are MES transaction sets with the time period t being numbered k, and the transaction sets form a transaction set omega at the time t P2Pt，
Figure BDA0003413367240000148
The discharge amount at b for MES numbered k at time t,
Figure BDA0003413367240000149
representing the corresponding trading volume of the electric energy trading omega in the period t.
A mathematical model for realizing MES electric energy sharing under a P2P trading framework to improve the toughness of a power distribution system consists of the above formula, and by solving the mathematical model, the space-time characteristics and the optimal capacity of the MES under the current target, the electric energy sharing condition of each producer and consumer of the power distribution system under the P2P trading framework and the electricity purchasing condition from a power grid can be obtained.
As a possible implementation manner of this embodiment, the process of establishing and solving the cost sharing model of MES electric energy sharing based on the proportional allocation method applied to the power distribution system includes:
based on Julia, a Gurobi solver is utilized to solve the 15-node radiation type power distribution system, and the position and the capacity of an MES (manufacturing execution system) for improving the toughness of the power distribution system under the fault, the charging and discharging state and the electric energy sharing condition of each producer and consumer in the power distribution system are obtained.
As a possible implementation manner of this embodiment, the process of establishing and solving the cost sharing model of MES electric energy sharing based on the proportional allocation method applied to the power distribution system includes:
the invention adopts an MES electric energy sharing expense sharing mechanism based on a proportion distribution method to share the expenses of each producer and consumer participating in the MES electric energy sharing, and the mechanism calculates a fixed cost distribution result by calculating the ratio of the transaction quantity of each producer and consumer participating in the MES electric energy and the total electric energy transaction quantity of the MES, thereby ensuring the fairness of fixed cost sharing when each producer and consumer and the producer and consumer where the MES is positioned share the electric energy in different degrees. The MES electric energy sharing cost sharing mechanism based on the proportion distribution method not only can achieve distribution fairness, but also has the advantages of small calculated amount, high calculating speed and the like. Before fixed cost is distributed by using an MES electric energy sharing cost sharing mechanism based on a proportion distribution method, the MES fixed cost in a power distribution system is firstly calculated.
The fixed cost generated by the MES in the power distribution system is the cost generated in the operation process of the MES, and comprises MES emergency dispatching cost, MES running cost and MES charging cost.
The MES fixed cost is:
Figure BDA0003413367240000151
wherein, CE and CP are both MES cost coefficient and MESSkFor the optimized optimal capacity of the kth MES, D is the travel cost of the MES per unit time. The first item and the second item in the formula are the emergency dispatching cost of the MES, the third item is the cost generated by the power generation output of each producer and consumer when the MES is charged, the fourth item is the running cost of the MES, and the fifth item is the fixed cost generated by the power from the power grid when the MES is charged.
In the process of sharing the fixed cost, both transaction parties obtain benefits when the producer and the consumer who have the MES and other producers and consumers carry out electric energy, so the fixed cost to be paid by the transaction is shared by both transaction parties.
The calculation method of the proportion distribution method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003413367240000161
Figure BDA0003413367240000162
wherein disbThe total amount of electric energy transaction between a producer and a consumer b and an MES in the operation process of the power distribution system is shown, wherein the electric energy transaction omega is the electric energy transaction between the producer and the consumer and the MES,
Figure BDA0003413367240000163
trading the active power corresponding to omega for a period of time t P2P, cbThe fixed cost to be paid by each node under the proportion distribution method. The fixed cost required to be born by each current producer and consumer can be obtained by applying the proportional distribution method to modeling of the distribution system for the fixed cost allocation.
The invention solves the problem that the fixed energy storage system can not restore power supply for the fault area due to the position of the fixed energy storage system outside the fault area by introducing the MES, and enables the producer and the consumer in the power distribution system to share the electric energy by introducing the P2P electric energy transaction mechanism, thereby avoiding the problem that the MES as a distributed power supply can only trade the electric energy with the producer and the consumer at the position of the MES, furthest playing the capability of the MES for accelerating the restoration of the power supply of the fault area, reasonably arranging the charging and discharging time by utilizing the charging and discharging time sequence and the time-sharing price of the MES on the basis to improve the economical efficiency of the system operation, and improving the toughness of the power distribution system by reducing fault load loss and avoiding the great increase of the operation cost.
In this example, a 15-node Distribution System is used as a simulation object, and the specific data is referred to in A P2P-dominant Distribution System Architecture. In the distributed power supply parameters of the power distribution system, the upper power generation limit of the distributed power supply at the node 1 is adjusted to 0.2MWh, and the power generation cost is adjusted to 40 $/MWh. The power generation cost of the distributed power supply at the node 12 is adjusted to 30 $/MWh. On the basis of this, the load of the power distribution system users 2, 13 is adjusted as shown in table 1. The standby mobile energy storage initial position in the power distribution system is located at the node 1, the allowable change range of the state of charge of the power distribution system is 20% -100%, the maximum charge and discharge amount per hour is 0.3WMh, and the rest parameters are shown in the table 2.
Table 115 node radiation type power distribution system partial node parameter
Figure BDA0003413367240000171
TABLE 2 MES parameter settings
Figure BDA0003413367240000172
Fig. 3 shows a structure diagram of a 15-node radiating power distribution system, which has 15 nodes, 14 transmission lines and two distributed generators respectively located at node 1 and node 12.
Fig. 4, 5 and 6 show the MES optimal position and charging and discharging configuration under different faults of the power distribution system respectively. The result shows that under the condition of the fault, MES 2 producer and consumer 12 are charged, because the distributed power generation cost is low, and when the lines 1 and 12 are in fault, the load loss of the fault part is large, therefore, MES is positioned in the fault area after being charged to share electric energy with the producer and consumer in the area, so as to reduce the load loss of the fault. After the line 4 has a fault, because the load requirement of a fault area is small, the power utilization requirement of the area can be met through power sharing of one MES, and therefore the other MES can share power with a normal area to improve the operation economy of a power distribution system.
The MES is positioned at the producer and consumer 2 and the producer and consumer 13 with larger load demand to share the electric energy when discharging in the fault area, because the producer and consumer 2 and 13 have larger load demand, the P2P transaction with the producer and consumer can avoid the electric energy transmission, and further reduce the network loss. When the line 4 is in fault, the MES is positioned at the position of the producer and consumer 6 for electric energy sharing, and the MES and the producer and consumer in the fault area can reduce the power transmission distance when performing P2P transaction, thereby reducing the power loss and improving the capability of recovering the power supply of the fault area by the MES.
When a line 4 is in fault in the process of FIG. 7, the MES is in a discharge state at the moment under the condition of 15h, the two MES are respectively positioned at the position of the producer 2 and the producer 6, and the MES can reduce the network loss in the operation process of the power distribution system by selecting the discharge position, so that the operation economy of the system is improved to the maximum extent.
Fig. 8 shows the time-of-use electricity rates of the power grid, and the electricity rates in the power distribution system are all related to the load demands of the power distribution system at the moment.
TABLE 3 comparison of charges under different fault scenarios
Figure BDA0003413367240000181
TABLE 4 cost distribution results of MES electric energy sharing cost sharing mechanism based on proportional distribution method under each fault condition
Figure BDA0003413367240000182
As can be seen from table 3, after the line 1 fails, a distributed power source exists in the fault area, and the load demand of the fault area is high, so that the MES for emergency scheduling of the power distribution system always discharges in the fault area to reduce the load loss due to the fault, and meanwhile, the load demand of the fault area is high, and the MES is required to have high-strength continuous power supply capacity, so that the capacity of the MES for emergency scheduling of the power distribution system is high after the line 1 fails, and the emergency cost required under the condition is high; and after the lines 4 and 12 are failed, no distributed power supply exists in the failure area, so that electric energy can be traded with other producers and consumers only by the MES in the failure area to reduce failure load loss. Considering that the load requirement of the fault area is smaller after the line 4 is in fault, the MES capacity required by the emergency dispatching of the power distribution system is smaller, and therefore the emergency cost and the load loss cost are lower. And the load requirement of the fault area is larger after the line 12 is in fault, so that the MES participating in emergency dispatching has high-strength continuous discharge capacity, and therefore, the capacity of the power distribution system emergency dispatching MES is larger after the line 12 is in fault, and the emergency cost required in the situation is higher.
It can be seen from table 4 that, when the line 1 is in fault, because the load of the producer and consumer 2 is large, the MES shares the electric energy with other fault producers and consumers at the producer and consumer 2, so as to reduce the network loss in the fault area and reduce the loss load to the maximum extent, and therefore, the cost that the producer and consumer 2 needs to share is high. The average amortization cost is 0 because the producers 13, 14, 15 are in the normal area of the distribution system and the MES does not share the electric energy with the producers in the normal area.
When the line 4 is in fault, the load demand of a fault area is small, one MES can meet the load demand at the same time, and the other MES is used for improving the operation economy of the power distribution system in a normal area. The reason why the average cost of the eaters 2 is large is the same as above. Because both the producers and the consumers in the fault area and the consumers with load demands in the normal area participate in MES electric energy sharing, except the producers and the consumers 1 and the consumers 3, other producers and consumers in the power distribution system have a certain cost share.
After the line 12 is in fault, the fault area comprises the production and consumption persons 13, 14 and 15, and because the load demand of the production and consumption persons 13 is large, the MES shares the electric energy with other fault production and consumption persons at the production and consumption persons 13 to reduce the network loss of the fault area and reduce the load loss to the maximum extent, so the production and consumption persons 13 need to share the high cost uniformly. While normal regional producers 2-12 do not participate in MES power sharing and therefore do not need to share costs.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A distribution system toughness improvement method based on a P2P transaction mode and MES electric energy sharing is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
constructing a transaction framework of each producer and consumer P2P in the power distribution system;
providing an MES-based electric energy sharing model in a power distribution system;
establishing a distribution system toughness improvement model based on a P2P transaction mode and MES electric energy sharing;
and solving the toughness improvement model and obtaining the optimal capacity of the MES and the space-time characteristics of charging, discharging and electric energy sharing.
2. The method for improving toughness of a power distribution system based on P2P transaction mode and MES power sharing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method further includes each of the producers and consumers with power generation capability sharing electrical energy with other producers and consumers over the P2P trading framework.
3. The method for improving toughness of the power distribution system based on the P2P transaction mode and MES power sharing as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the transaction framework of P2P is:
Figure FDA0003413367230000011
wherein T is a set of time T, N is a set of producers and consumers b of the power distribution system, and G is the power distribution systemA set of medium-sized distributed generators g,
Figure FDA0003413367230000012
the active and reactive electric energy, U, obtained by participating in P2P transaction and direct transaction between the power grid and the superior power grid for the producer b in the t periodb，tThe power utilization benefit of the patient b in the period t, Cg(t) is the cost function of power generation for the producer and consumer distributed power sources, Cw(t) is the real-time electricity price of the power grid,
Figure FDA0003413367230000013
the active power of the distributed generator g at the client b during the period t,
Figure FDA0003413367230000014
active power injected from node b for the grid.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the method comprises: the output of each producer and consumer under the P2P trading framework is as follows:
Figure FDA0003413367230000015
the power sharing model under the P2P framework is:
Figure FDA0003413367230000021
wherein ω represents each electrical energy transaction; omegas、ωgThe electricity selling party and the electricity purchasing party of the P2P transaction respectively;
Figure FDA0003413367230000022
respectively representing the corresponding transaction amount of the electric energy transaction omega in the time period t, including active power and reactive power; omegatA set of electric energy transactions omega for a period t;
Figure FDA0003413367230000023
the active and reactive demands of the producer b in the period t are respectively.
5. The method for improving toughness of a power distribution system based on P2P transaction mode and MES power sharing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method also comprises the step of constraining the MES running state, including an MES running state constraint, an MES continuous charging and discharging constraint, an MES charging and discharging maximum power constraint, an MES state of charge constraint and an MES optimal capacity constraint.
6. The method for improving toughness of a power distribution system based on P2P transaction mode and MES power sharing as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the MES run state constraints are:
Figure FDA0003413367230000024
k is a set of MES with the number of K;
Figure FDA0003413367230000025
and
Figure FDA0003413367230000026
all of which are variables from 0 to 1,
Figure FDA0003413367230000027
indicating a charge signal at the person b with birth or death at time k, if
Figure FDA0003413367230000028
If the number is 1, the MES with the number of k is charged at the position of a producer b at the moment t;
Figure FDA0003413367230000029
a discharge signal indicative of the MES is provided,
Figure FDA00034133672300000210
represents a movement signal of the MES when
Figure FDA00034133672300000211
When the number is 1, the MES with the number k is in a moving state in the time period t;
the MES continuous charging and discharging constraint is as follows:
Figure FDA00034133672300000212
Figure FDA00034133672300000213
wherein N is the set of the distribution system producers and consumers b;
Figure FDA00034133672300000214
the electric quantity of the MES with the serial number of k at the time t;
Figure FDA00034133672300000215
the electric quantity of the MES with the serial number of k at the time t-1;
Figure FDA00034133672300000216
the electric quantity of the MES with the number of k at 0;
Figure FDA00034133672300000217
the power of MES numbered k at 24;
Figure FDA00034133672300000218
respectively the charging amount and the discharging amount of MES with the number of k at the time t at the position b; y iskThe initial energy coefficient of MES with the number of k is 0 to 1]；MESSkMES capacity;
the MES charging and discharging maximum power constraint is as follows:
Figure FDA0003413367230000031
Figure FDA0003413367230000032
Figure FDA0003413367230000033
Figure FDA0003413367230000034
wherein Pmax and Qmax are respectively the active and reactive maximum power limits of charging and discharging of MES;
Figure FDA0003413367230000035
Figure FDA0003413367230000036
respectively the reactive charge and discharge of MES with the number of k at the position of a producer b; when in use
Figure FDA0003413367230000037
When the maximum power limit is 1, the maximum power limit for charging and discharging the MES is the actual power limit of each MES, and when the maximum power limit is 1, the MES charges and discharges
Figure FDA0003413367230000038
When the MES charging and discharging power is 0, the MES charging and discharging power is 0;
the MES State of Charge constraints are:
Figure FDA0003413367230000039
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA00034133672300000310
the maximum and minimum of the state of charge of MES numbered k,
Figure FDA00034133672300000311
the MES state of charge numbered k at time t;
the MES optimal capacity constraint is:
Figure FDA00034133672300000312
wherein, SOCmaxkAll in one
Figure FDA00034133672300000313
SOCminkAll in one
Figure FDA00034133672300000314
7. The method for improving toughness of a power distribution system based on P2P transaction mode and MES power sharing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method for establishing the toughness improvement model of the power distribution system based on the P2P transaction mode and the MES electric energy sharing comprises the following steps:
an objective function of a distribution system toughness improvement model based on a P2P transaction mode and MES electric energy sharing is as follows:
Figure FDA0003413367230000041
wherein T is a time T set; n is the set of the distribution system producers and consumers b; k is a set of MES with the number of K; CE. CP is the cost coefficient of MES; p is the loss of load cost coefficient of the producer and the consumer; MESSkMES capacity; pmax is the active maximum power limit of charging and discharging MES respectively; distributed power generation cost CgFor trading between the producers and consumersElectricity price;
Figure FDA0003413367230000042
the active power output of the distributed generator g at the place of the producer b and the consumer b in the period t; cw(t) is the real-time electricity price of the power grid;
Figure FDA0003413367230000043
active power injected from node b for the grid; n is a radical offaultA set of producers and consumers in the fault area;
Figure FDA0003413367230000044
trading the acquired active power for the producer b of the fault part of the power distribution system through P2P;
Figure FDA0003413367230000045
the active demand of the puerpera b in the period t; d is the running cost of the MES in unit time;
Figure FDA0003413367230000046
a movement signal of MES for a period t, when the movement signal is 1, the MES is shifted;
and (3) constraint conditions of a power distribution system toughness improvement model based on the P2P transaction mode and MES power sharing.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method comprises: the constraint conditions comprise power flow constraint, generator output constraint, node voltage constraint and MES charging power source constraint;
the power flow constraint is as follows:
Figure FDA0003413367230000047
Figure FDA0003413367230000048
Figure FDA0003413367230000049
Figure FDA00034133672300000410
Figure FDA00034133672300000411
Figure FDA00034133672300000412
Figure FDA0003413367230000051
wherein b and/respectively belong to a power distribution system producer and consumer and a line set N, L;
Figure FDA0003413367230000052
the idle charge quantity of MES with the number of k at the position of a producer and a consumer b;
Figure FDA0003413367230000053
the charging quantity of MES with the number of k at the time t at the b; n is a radical offaultA set of producers and consumers in the fault area; n is a radical ofnormIs a normal regional puerperal set;
Figure FDA0003413367230000054
a variable 0-1 for representing whether the line has a fault, wherein the variable is 0 when the line/has the fault, and is 1 otherwise;
Figure FDA0003413367230000055
respectively the active power and the reactive power flowing on the line/the line at the time t; slIs the capacity of the line/s; a isl，tThe square of the current flowing on the line/at the time t; v. ofb，tThe square of the voltage of the node where the victim b is located at the moment t; rl、XlResistance and reactance of the line/respectively; gb、BbThe conductance and the susceptance of the producer and the consumer b respectively;
Figure FDA0003413367230000056
respectively the active and reactive output of the distributed power supply g at the producer and the consumer b at the moment t;
Figure FDA0003413367230000057
respectively the active power and the reactive power injected by the power grid at the position of the producer b at the moment t;
Figure FDA0003413367230000058
respectively obtaining electric energy by the producer b purchasing electricity from the power grid and performing P2P transaction with other producers and consumers at the moment t; s (l) is the power outflow end of the line/s; r (l) is the power inflow end of the line/line; v. ofs(l)，t、vr(l)，tThe square of the voltage of the line/power outflow end and the inflow end respectively;
Figure FDA0003413367230000059
respectively transmitting active power and reactive power of the transmission line flowing into the producer b and the consumer b;
Figure FDA00034133672300000510
respectively transmitting active power and reactive power of the transmission line of the output producer b and the output consumer b;
the output constraint of the generator is as follows:
Figure FDA00034133672300000511
Figure FDA00034133672300000512
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA00034133672300000513
the maximum values of the active power and the reactive power of the distributed generator g at the position of the producer and the consumer b are respectively;
the node voltage constraint is:
Figure FDA00034133672300000514
wherein N isnorm、NfaultRespectively are a set of normal region fault regions of the power distribution system;
Figure FDA00034133672300000515
is the modulus of the voltage at the position of the user b at the moment t;
Figure FDA0003413367230000061
b，tVrespectively is the upper limit and the lower limit of the module value of the voltage of the position b of the user who generates or disappears at the moment t; z is a radical oftAs an auxiliary variable of the voltage constraint, ztWhen 0 there is no voltage constraint in the fault region, ztIf 1, voltage constraint exists in the fault area;
the MES charging power source constraints are:
Figure FDA0003413367230000062
Figure FDA0003413367230000063
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003413367230000064
charging MES for time tActive power, omega, from distributed generators g at producer and consumer bg，tFor a transaction set, Ω, of the t-slot distributed generator gk，tThe transaction sets are MES transaction sets with the time period t being numbered k, and the transaction sets form a transaction set omega at the time t P2Pt，
Figure FDA0003413367230000065
The discharge amount at b for MES numbered k at time t,
Figure FDA0003413367230000066
representing the corresponding trading volume of the electric energy trading omega in the period t.
9. The method for improving toughness of a power distribution system based on P2P transaction mode and MES power sharing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and solving the power distribution system by using a Gurobi solver based on Julia.
10. The method for improving toughness of a power distribution system based on P2P transaction mode and MES power sharing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method also comprises the step of carrying out cost sharing on each producer and consumer participating in the MES electric energy sharing by adopting an MES electric energy sharing cost sharing mechanism based on a proportion distribution method.
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