CN114216860B - System and method for detecting decomposition products of insulating gas of high-voltage equipment - Google Patents
System and method for detecting decomposition products of insulating gas of high-voltage equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114216860B CN114216860B CN202111427947.7A CN202111427947A CN114216860B CN 114216860 B CN114216860 B CN 114216860B CN 202111427947 A CN202111427947 A CN 202111427947A CN 114216860 B CN114216860 B CN 114216860B
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 110
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 84
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910018503 SF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur hexafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)(F)(F)F SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229960000909 sulfur hexafluoride Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004867 photoacoustic spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001834 photoacoustic spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000041 tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/1702—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated with opto-acoustic detection, e.g. for gases or analysing solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/1702—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated with opto-acoustic detection, e.g. for gases or analysing solids
- G01N2021/1704—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated with opto-acoustic detection, e.g. for gases or analysing solids in gases
Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for detecting an insulating gas decomposition product of high-voltage equipment, and relates to the technical field of insulating gas decomposition product detection, wherein the system comprises a detection flange, a controller, a beam splitter, a beam combiner, a photoacoustic incident optical fiber and a photoacoustic emergent optical fiber; the detection flange is internally fixed with a photoacoustic incident collimator and a photoacoustic emergent collimator; the controller comprises a photoacoustic laser and a photoelectric detector, and the photoacoustic laser, the beam splitter, the beam combiner and the photoelectric detector are sequentially connected through optical fibers; the beam splitter is connected with the photoacoustic incidence collimator through the photoacoustic incidence optical fiber, and the photoacoustic emergence collimator is connected with the beam combiner through the photoacoustic emergence optical fiber. The whole detection structure does not need to be provided with a closed photo-acoustic cell, and all photo-acoustic signal transmission modes are realized through optical fibers, so that the insulation performance of high-voltage equipment cannot be affected, and photo-acoustic signals cannot be interfered in the transmission process. The method comprises 4 steps, is based on a system, and has the beneficial effects identical to those of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of detection of insulating gas decomposition products, in particular to a system and a method for detecting insulating gas decomposition products of high-voltage equipment.
Background
The content of sulfur hexafluoride gas decomposition products in the sulfur hexafluoride high-voltage equipment predicts the running condition and fault hidden trouble of the high-voltage equipment, and has important significance for improving the defect diagnosis capability and the running reliability of the sulfur hexafluoride electrical equipment. The decomposition products are generated in hidden danger incubation period or early fault period, the fault property and the development degree are represented, the absolute value or the proportion relation of the detection data can effectively represent the relation between the fault discharge energy and the overheat index of the high-voltage equipment, the accurate detection of the decomposition products can analyze and diagnose hidden danger and fault condition of the high-voltage equipment more timely and comprehensively, and the method has important guiding significance for early warning of potential faults and life cycle management of sulfur hexafluoride high-voltage equipment.
Many decomposition products, such as sulfur dioxide gas, have no suitable absorption peak in the near infrared and only have a strong absorption peak in the mid-infrared region. However, the whole absorption peak is generally wider due to the broadening effect, and the tunable semiconductor laser absorption spectrum technology cannot be used for scanning the proper absorption peak to finish measurement, while the photoacoustic spectrum technology only needs to measure the absorbed energy, and is more suitable for measuring the measured gas in the occasion.
In the existing method for detecting the concentration of sulfur hexafluoride gas decomposition products in high-voltage equipment by using the photoacoustic spectroscopy technology, a closed photoacoustic cell is required to be provided, and an acoustic microphone is adopted to collect sound vibration. In addition, the detection method uses the cable to transmit the electric signal, and the mode of transmitting the electric signal by the cable is likely to influence the insulating property of the high-voltage equipment because the high voltage of tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of volts is arranged in the high-voltage equipment, and meanwhile, the weak signal is easy to be interfered in the transmission process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: aiming at the problems, a high-voltage equipment insulation gas decomposition product detection system and a high-voltage equipment insulation gas decomposition product detection method for detecting the concentration of sulfur hexafluoride gas decomposition products by using a photoacoustic spectroscopy technology are provided, a closed photoacoustic cell is not required to be arranged, and all signals are transmitted through an optical fiber.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a high-voltage equipment insulating gas decomposition product detecting system, includes detection flange, controller, beam splitter, beam combiner, optoacoustic incident optical fiber, optoacoustic outgoing optical fiber, and detection flange installs in high-voltage equipment's access hole department to communicate with high-voltage equipment, the high-voltage equipment contains insulating gas and the gas under test that decomposition product formed in the splendid attire; the detection flange is internally fixed with a photoacoustic incident collimator and a photoacoustic emergent collimator; the controller comprises a photoacoustic laser and a photoelectric detector, and the photoacoustic laser, the beam splitter, the beam combiner and the photoelectric detector are sequentially connected through optical fibers; the beam splitter is connected with the photoacoustic incidence collimator through the photoacoustic incidence optical fiber, and the photoacoustic emergence collimator is connected with the beam combiner through the photoacoustic emergence optical fiber.
By adopting the technical scheme, the detection flange can be directly arranged at the overhaul port of the high-voltage equipment, and the detected gas in the high-voltage equipment can also enter the detection flange; the component for detection is directly arranged in the detection flange, and the detection structure is simple; all the photoacoustic signal transmission modes are realized through optical fibers, so that the insulation performance of high-voltage equipment is not affected, and interference in the transmission process is avoided.
Preferably, the high-voltage equipment insulating gas decomposition product detection system further comprises an absorption incident optical fiber, and an absorption laser collimator is fixed inside the detection flange; the controller also comprises a gas absorption laser, and the gas absorption laser is connected with the absorption laser collimator through an absorption incident optical fiber.
Preferably, the photoacoustic incident collimator is opposite to the photoacoustic emergent collimator, and the photoacoustic incident collimator and the photoacoustic emergent collimator are vertically arranged and face the center of the detection flange.
By adopting the technical scheme, the photoacoustic incidence collimator limits the incidence angle of the laser, the photoacoustic emergence collimator limits the path of the laser passing through the measured gas, and the change of the laser is not influenced by other factors.
Preferably, the edge of the detection flange is provided with a through hole, and the photoacoustic incident optical fiber, the photoacoustic emergent optical fiber and the absorption incident optical fiber pass through or penetrate into the detection flange through the through hole, and the detection flange at the through hole is in sealing connection with the photoacoustic incident optical fiber, the photoacoustic emergent optical fiber and the absorption incident optical fiber.
By adopting the technical scheme, the through hole is used for detecting the passing through of the photoacoustic incident optical fiber, the photoacoustic emergent optical fiber and the absorption incident optical fiber which are connected between the flange and the controller, and the sealing mode is used for ensuring that the detected gas in the detection flange cannot flow out of the through hole.
Preferably, the photoacoustic laser and the gas absorption laser are electrically connected with a temperature control circuit, a signal modulation circuit and a photoelectric signal demodulation circuit.
By adopting the technical scheme, the temperature control circuit, the signal modulation circuit and the photoelectric signal demodulation circuit are matched with the performance of the gas absorption laser, so that the laser frequency emitted by the gas absorption laser is changed. The modulated absorption laser emitted by the gas absorption laser is absorbed by the gas to be measured, and the gas to be measured emits a vibration signal with the same frequency as the modulation frequency of the absorption laser.
The method for detecting the decomposition products of the insulating gas of the high-voltage equipment comprises the following steps of:
s1, emitting main laser by a photoacoustic laser, wherein the main laser is divided into two beam-splitting lasers by a beam splitter and respectively recorded as first beam-splitting lasers and second beam-splitting lasers;
the gas absorption laser emits absorption laser, the absorption laser can be absorbed by the gas to be measured, and the absorption laser enters the absorption laser collimator through the absorption incident optical fiber and then enters the gas to be measured.
S2, the first beam splitting laser enters a beam combiner through an optical fiber; the second split laser enters the photoacoustic incidence collimator through the photoacoustic incidence optical fiber, then enters the photoacoustic emergent collimator after passing through the gas to be measured, and finally enters the beam combiner through the photoacoustic emergent optical fiber;
s3, the first beam splitting laser and the second beam splitting laser are converged to generate interference, and the interference effect changes the signal intensity of the photoelectric detector.
By adopting the technical scheme, the phase of the second beam splitting laser is changed after passing through the gas to be measured, the changed second beam splitting laser and the first beam splitting laser interfere in the beam combiner, and the required information and data are obtained through the signals of the photoelectric detector, which are changed by the interference effect.
Preferably, the method for detecting an insulating gas decomposition product of a high voltage apparatus further includes the step of, in synchronization with the step S101:
preferably, in step S1, after the gas absorption laser is set by the temperature control circuit, the signal modulation circuit, and the photoelectric signal demodulation circuit, the gas absorption laser emits absorption laser, and the absorption laser accords with the vibration frequency of the cavity part of the detection flange, so that the measured gas absorbs the absorption laser to reach the maximum resonance energy.
By adopting the technical scheme, the absorption laser is used for amplifying the resonance energy of the detected gas, so that the phase change of the second beam splitting laser is amplified, the interference effect of the second beam splitting laser and the first beam splitting laser is amplified, the signal intensity change of the photoelectric detector is more obvious finally, and the accuracy of a judging result is improved.
Preferably, in step S1, an included angle of 90 ° is formed between the absorption laser entering the gas to be measured and the optical path formed by both the photoacoustic entrance collimator and the photoacoustic exit collimator.
By adopting the technical scheme, the incidence angle of the absorption laser entering the gas to be measured is limited, and other factors are prevented from influencing the absorption laser.
Preferably, step S3 further includes the step of:
s4, calculating the absorption amplitude of the measured gas to the absorption laser energy through the signal intensity change of the photoelectric detector, and calculating the concentration of the measured gas in the high-voltage equipment through the photoelectric absorption signal detected by the photoelectric detector.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the detection structure in the system comprises a detection flange, a photoacoustic incidence collimator and a photoacoustic emergent collimator, wherein the photoacoustic incidence collimator and the photoacoustic emergent collimator are arranged in the detection flange, the detection flange can be directly arranged at an overhaul port of high-voltage equipment, and detected gas in the high-voltage equipment can also enter the detection flange to be detected; the whole detection structure does not need to be provided with a closed photo-acoustic cell, and all photo-acoustic signal transmission modes are realized through optical fibers, so that the insulation performance of high-voltage equipment cannot be affected, and photo-acoustic signals cannot be interfered in the transmission process. The method is based on a system and has the beneficial effects similar to those of the system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a high voltage equipment insulating gas decomposition product detection system.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the detection flange.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method for detecting an insulating gas decomposition product of a high-voltage apparatus.
The marks in the figure: the device comprises a detection flange-1, a detected gas-11, a photoacoustic incidence collimator-12, a photoacoustic emergent collimator-13, an absorption laser collimator-14, a through hole-15, a controller-2, a photoacoustic laser-21, a photoelectric detector-22, a gas absorption laser-23, a beam splitter-3, a beam combiner-4, a photoacoustic incidence optical fiber-5, a photoacoustic emergent optical fiber-6 and an absorption incidence optical fiber-7.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a high voltage apparatus insulation gas decomposition product detection system includes a detection flange 1, a controller 2, a beam splitter 3, a beam combiner 4, a photoacoustic incident optical fiber 5, a photoacoustic exit optical fiber 6, and an absorption incident optical fiber 7.
The detection flange 1 is arranged at an access hole of high-voltage equipment and is communicated with the high-voltage equipment, the high-voltage equipment is filled with a detected gas 11 formed by insulating gas and decomposition products thereof, and the detected gas 11 can enter and fully fill the detection flange 1. The photoacoustic incidence collimator 12, the photoacoustic emergent collimator 13 and the absorption laser collimator 14 are fixed on the inner side wall of the detection flange 1, the photoacoustic incidence collimator 12 is opposite to the photoacoustic emergent collimator 13, the photoacoustic incidence collimator 12 and the photoacoustic emergent collimator 13 are vertically arranged and face the center of the detection flange 1, the absorption laser collimator 14 is horizontally arranged and face the center of the detection flange 1, the photoacoustic incidence collimator 12 and the absorption laser collimator 14 limit the incidence angle of laser, the photoacoustic emergent collimator 13 limit the path of the laser passing through the measured gas 11, and the laser change is prevented from being influenced by other factors. The beam splitter 3 is connected to the photoacoustic entrance collimator 12 through the photoacoustic entrance fiber 5, and the photoacoustic exit collimator 13 is connected to the beam combiner 4 through the photoacoustic exit fiber 6.
The controller 2 comprises a photoacoustic laser 21, a photoelectric detector 22 and a gas absorption laser 23, wherein the photoacoustic laser 21, the beam splitter 3, the beam combiner 4 and the photoelectric detector 22 are sequentially connected through optical fibers, the gas absorption laser 23 is connected with the absorption laser collimator 14 through an absorption incident optical fiber 7, and all photoacoustic signal transmission modes are realized through the optical fibers, so that the insulation performance of high-voltage equipment is not affected, and the interference in the transmission process is avoided; the modulated absorption laser light emitted from the gas absorption laser 23 is absorbed by the measured gas 11, and the measured gas 11 emits a vibration signal of the same frequency as the modulation frequency of the absorption laser light. The photoacoustic laser 21 and the gas absorption laser 23 are electrically connected with a temperature control circuit, a signal modulation circuit and a photoelectric signal demodulation circuit, and the three circuits are used for matching the performances of the photoacoustic laser 21 and the gas absorption laser 23 and modulating laser emitted by the photoacoustic laser 21 and the gas absorption laser 23. The photoacoustic laser 21 and the gas absorption laser 23 are near infrared lasers, and the photoacoustic laser 21 is a general wavelength laser with 1310nm and 1550nm wave bands; the laser emitted by the photoacoustic laser 21 cannot be absorbed by the measured gas 11, and the laser emitted by the gas absorption laser 23 can be absorbed by the measured gas 11; photodetector 22 is selected from, but not limited to, an ingaas detector.
The edge of the detection flange 1 is provided with a through hole 15, and the photoacoustic incidence optical fiber 5, the photoacoustic emergence optical fiber 6 and the absorption incidence optical fiber 7 pass through the through hole 15 and penetrate through the detection flange 1, wherein the through hole 15 is used for the photoacoustic incidence optical fiber 5, the photoacoustic emergence optical fiber 6 and the absorption incidence optical fiber 7 connected between the detection flange 1 and the controller 2 to pass through; the detection flange 1 at the through hole 15 is in sealing connection with the photoacoustic incident optical fiber 5, the photoacoustic emergent optical fiber 6 and the absorption incident optical fiber 7, and the sealing mode is used for ensuring that the detected gas 11 in the detection flange 1 cannot flow out of the through hole 15. The detection flange 1 is connected with the controller 2 through only three optical fibers.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, a method for detecting an insulation gas decomposition product of a high-voltage device includes the following steps:
s1: the photoacoustic laser emits main laser, and the main laser is divided into two beam-splitting lasers with the same wavelength but different phases by the beam splitter and respectively recorded as first beam-splitting laser and second beam-splitting laser;
the absorption laser emits absorption laser, the absorption laser enters the absorption laser collimator through the absorption incident optical fiber and then enters the gas to be tested, and an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between the absorption laser and a light path formed by the photoacoustic incident collimator and the photoacoustic emergent collimator, so that the incident angle of the absorption laser entering the gas to be tested is limited, and the influence of other factors on the absorption laser is prevented; the temperature control circuit, the signal modulation circuit and the photoelectric signal demodulation circuit are used for setting the performance of the gas absorption laser, so that the absorption laser is changed into modulated laser with frequency, the modulated laser is consistent with the vibration frequency of the part of the detection flange, which is full of the detected gas, and the detected gas absorbs the absorption laser to reach the maximum resonance energy; the absorption laser is used for amplifying the resonance energy of the detected gas, so that the phase change of the second beam splitting laser is amplified, the interference effect of the second beam splitting laser and the first beam splitting laser is further amplified, the signal intensity change of the photoelectric detector is more obvious finally, and the accuracy of a judging result is improved;
s2: the first beam splitting laser enters the beam combiner through an optical fiber; the second split laser enters the photoacoustic incidence collimator through the photoacoustic incidence optical fiber, then enters the photoacoustic emergent collimator after passing through the gas to be measured, and finally enters the beam combiner through the photoacoustic emergent optical fiber;
s3: the first beam splitting laser and the second beam splitting laser are converged in the beam combiner, and as the second beam splitting laser generates phase change after passing through the gas to be measured, the first beam splitting laser and the second beam splitting laser generate interference due to phase difference, and the interference effect changes the signal intensity of the photoelectric detector; when the first beam splitting laser is identical to the second beam splitting laser, the signal intensity of the photoelectric detector is strongest, and when the phase difference between the first beam splitting laser and the second beam splitting laser is 180 degrees, the signal intensity of the photoelectric detector is weakest; the factors influencing the phase of the second split laser are only the detected gas filled in the detection flange;
s4: calculating the absorption amplitude of the measured gas to the absorption laser energy through the signal intensity change of the photoelectric detector; and judging the photoelectric absorption energy through the phase angle of interference of the first beam splitting laser and the second beam splitting laser in the beam combiner received by the photoelectric detector, and calculating the concentration of the measured gas in the high-voltage equipment according to the photoelectric absorption energy and through an inversion algorithm, wherein the larger the phase angle is, the larger the photoelectric absorption energy is.
The method is an online photoacoustic spectrum detection method formed by using a photoacoustic spectrum technology, two beams of laser with different wavelengths are led into high-voltage equipment, namely absorption laser and second beam splitting laser, the absorption laser is modulated light which can be absorbed by tested gas, and the tested gas absorbs the absorption laser to generate thermal expansion and generate resonance under regular modulation; the second beam-splitting laser penetrates through the point where the absorption laser generates resonance, and the second beam-splitting laser passes through different paths due to different densities generated by gas vibration, so that phase change occurs. The intensity of the vibration of the measured gas can be measured by testing the phase change of the second beam-splitting laser through the optical interference effect generated by the second beam-splitting laser and the first beam-splitting laser, and then the concentration of the measured gas, namely the concentration of the sulfur hexafluoride decomposition product, is reversely derived.
The method adopts pure optical fiber to transmit signals, and realizes all-optical measurement without electric signals. The laser narrow linewidth spectrum absorption technology is adopted to detect the detected gas, the TDLAS technology adopts a single line absorption spectrum to detect, an absorption spectrum line which possibly has cross interference is avoided when the absorption spectrum is detected, and an absorption spectrum line which does not interfere with other gases is selected to measure, so that the cross interference of other gases can be avoided in principle, and the full-component and cross interference-free detection is realized. The optical interference effect is innovatively applied, the acoustic vibration is measured with high sensitivity, the on-line measurement of the measured gas based on the photoacoustic spectroscopy technology is realized by matching with the modulation laser, and meanwhile, the sensitivity of detecting the vibration of the measured gas through the optical fiber principle is higher.
The method realizes the online pure optical measurement of the high-voltage equipment based on the photoacoustic spectroscopy technology, perfects the evaluation means of the running condition of the sulfur hexafluoride high-voltage equipment, and further effectively ensures the safe and stable running of the high-voltage equipment. Because the system and the method are based on the pure optical principle for non-contact measurement, the system and the method can work in severe environments such as high corrosiveness and high temperature, and can be applied to environments such as process control.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be merely illustrative of the methods of the present invention and their core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (5)
1. The high-voltage equipment insulating gas decomposition product detection system is characterized by comprising a detection flange, a controller, a beam splitter, a beam combiner, a photoacoustic incident optical fiber and a photoacoustic emergent optical fiber, wherein the detection flange is arranged at an overhaul port of the high-voltage equipment and is communicated with the high-voltage equipment, and the high-voltage equipment is filled with insulating gas and detected gas formed by the insulating gas and decomposition products thereof; the detection flange is internally fixed with a photoacoustic incident collimator and a photoacoustic emergent collimator; the controller comprises a photoacoustic laser and a photoelectric detector, and the gas absorption laser, the beam splitter, the beam combiner and the photoelectric detector are sequentially connected through optical fibers; the beam splitter is connected with the photoacoustic incidence collimator through a photoacoustic incidence optical fiber, and the photoacoustic emergence collimator is connected with the beam combiner through a photoacoustic emergence optical fiber; the detection flange is internally fixed with an absorption laser collimator; the controller also comprises a gas absorption laser, and the gas absorption laser is connected with the absorption laser collimator through an absorption incident optical fiber; the photoacoustic incident collimator is opposite to the photoacoustic emergent collimator, and the photoacoustic incident collimator and the photoacoustic emergent collimator are vertically arranged and face the center of the detection flange; the laser emitted by the photoacoustic laser cannot be absorbed by the gas to be detected, and the laser emitted by the gas absorption laser can be absorbed by the gas to be detected; the gas absorption laser emits absorption laser, the absorption laser enters the absorption laser collimator through the absorption incident optical fiber and then enters the tested gas, and an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between the absorption laser and a light path formed by the photoacoustic incident collimator and the photoacoustic emergent collimator.
2. The high voltage equipment insulating gas decomposition product detection system according to claim 1, wherein a through hole is formed in the edge of the detection flange, the photoacoustic incident optical fiber, the photoacoustic emergent optical fiber and the absorption incident optical fiber pass through or penetrate through the detection flange, and the detection flange at the through hole is in sealing connection with the photoacoustic incident optical fiber, the photoacoustic emergent optical fiber and the absorption incident optical fiber.
3. The high voltage equipment insulating gas decomposition product detection system according to claim 2, wherein said photoacoustic laser and said gas absorption laser are electrically connected to a temperature control circuit, a signal modulation circuit, and a photoelectric signal demodulation circuit.
4. A method for detecting an insulating gas decomposition product of a high-voltage apparatus, characterized by providing the insulating gas decomposition product detection system of a high-voltage apparatus according to claim 3, comprising the steps of:
s1, emitting main laser by a photoacoustic laser, wherein the main laser is divided into two beam-splitting lasers by a beam splitter and respectively recorded as first beam-splitting lasers and second beam-splitting lasers;
the gas absorption laser emits absorption laser, the absorption laser can be absorbed by the gas to be detected, and the absorption laser enters the absorption laser collimator through the absorption incident optical fiber and then enters the gas to be detected;
s2, the first beam splitting laser enters a beam combiner through an optical fiber; the second split laser enters the photoacoustic incidence collimator through the photoacoustic incidence optical fiber, then enters the photoacoustic emergent collimator after passing through the gas to be measured, and finally enters the beam combiner through the photoacoustic emergent optical fiber;
s3, converging the first beam splitting laser and the second beam splitting laser to generate interference, and changing the signal intensity of the photoelectric detector by the interference effect;
s4, calculating the absorption amplitude of the measured gas to the absorption laser energy through the signal intensity change of the photoelectric detector, and calculating the concentration of the measured gas in the high-voltage equipment through the photoelectric absorption signal detected by the photoelectric detector.
5. The method for detecting the decomposition products of insulating gas in high voltage equipment according to claim 4, wherein in the step S1, after the gas absorption laser is set by the temperature control circuit, the signal modulation circuit and the photoelectric signal demodulation circuit, the absorption laser is emitted, and the absorption laser accords with the vibration frequency of the cavity part of the detection flange, so that the detected gas absorbs the absorption laser to reach the maximum resonance energy.
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