CN114216637A - Multi-station synchronous vibration test device and test method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-station synchronous vibration test device and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-station synchronous vibration test device and a test method thereof, wherein the device comprises a simple foundation, a support, a tool and more than two vibration tables, the shape and the specification of the tool are set to be matched with an open cuboid container in which a sample is compatible, the tool is arranged on the simple foundation through the support to be in a main body soakage state, the support has more than two replacement groups with the height and the volume corresponding to various test directions of the sample, and the support can be detachably replaced between the simple foundation and the tool; each vibration table is installed on the simple foundation according to the vibration excitation direction required by the sample test in a positioning mode, is connected with the tool through the flexible rod and transmits vibration excitation, and synchronously outputs high-thrust combined vibration excitation facing the sample. By applying the system, a synchronous vibration test system is formed by arranging and connecting a plurality of vibration tables with various thrusts, so that the requirements of more comprehensive vibration tests on test pieces with increased volume and weight can be met; and the device adopts the reverse installation of frock to accept the excitation, has saved and alleviateed the weight gain that bearing structure brought.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vibration test system, in particular to a system solution suitable for vibration tests of samples with large volume and large mass development, and belongs to the field of electromechanical integration application.
Background
The vibration test has wide application in scientific and technical progress, product development, quality tracking and design analysis in different industries. Particularly, in various underwater detection equipment, spacecraft products and various packaging and transportation, accurate vibration resistance of each is obtained through a vibration test. It is known that the vibration test is not a single-axis operation process of applying power, but rather is a multi-axis test, so as to simulate the degree of stability of the product in actual use against various environments and stresses in different directions. Although the single vibrating table is matched with the tool to rotate so as to meet the test requirements of a part of samples, when the test direction requires three-dimensional lifting, the test mode cannot meet the requirements.
In recent years, samples (also referred to as test pieces in the industry) with vibration test requirements are developed in large volume and large mass, and the existing equipment is increasingly difficult to meet the relevant test requirements. The standard vibration table commonly used in the market can gradually reduce the vibration magnitude along with the increase of the volume and the mass of a sample, and even can not meet the minimum test requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-station synchronous vibration test device and a test method thereof, which are used for meeting the vibration test requirements of large-volume and heavy-weight samples.
The technical solution of the present invention for achieving the above object is a multi-stage synchronous vibration test apparatus, characterized in that: the device comprises a simple foundation, a support, a tool and more than two vibrating tables, wherein the shape and specification of the tool are set to be an open cuboid container which is matched with and compatible with a sample, the tool is arranged on the simple foundation through the support to be in a main body soakage shape, the support is provided with more than two replacement groups with different heights and volumes corresponding to various test directions of the sample, and the replacement groups can be detachably arranged between the simple foundation and the tool; the sample is fixedly connected with the tool through the triangular plates at two ends in the length direction, and each vibration table is fixedly connected to the simple foundation according to the vibration excitation direction required by the sample test and is connected with the tool through the flexible rod to transmit vibration.
Further, corresponding to the vibration test of a Y-axial sample with the height of the tool, at least two vibration tables are arranged at two ends of the tool in the length direction in a distributed mode, the tool is lapped on the support through the air bag group and is in roller type sliding fit along the Y-axial direction, the assembly height of the tool through the support is higher than that of the movable coil of the vibration table, the movable coil of each vibration table is connected with a frame and a triangular plate at the end of the tool through a flexible rod, and excitation of the Y-axial direction is output at the current point position.
Furthermore, a vibration table for compensating vibration is further arranged between the vibration tables arranged at the two ends of the tool, a moving coil of the vibration table is connected with the center of the bottom of the tool through a flexible rod, and excitation in the Y-axis direction is output at a connection point.
Further, corresponding to a sample vibration test of the tool length X in the axial direction, at least two vibration tables are arranged at two ends of the tool in the length direction and are respectively turned over for 90 degrees towards the tool, the tool is lapped on the support and is in sleeve type sliding fit along the X in the axial direction, the tool is matched with an output central shaft of a movable coil of each vibration table through the assembling height of the support, the movable coil of each vibration table is connected with a frame at the end part of the tool through a flexible rod, and excitation of the X in the axial direction is output at the current point position.
Furthermore, the number of the vibration tables arranged at the two ends of the tool is consistent or different.
Further, corresponding to a Z-axial sample vibration test of the width of the tool, at least two vibration tables are mounted on one side of the tool in the width direction in a distributed mode and are turned over by 90 degrees towards the tool, the tool is lapped on the support and is in sleeve type sliding fit along the Z-axial direction, a frame on the other side of the tool abuts against a vertical face of a reaction block connected on a simple foundation through an air bag group, the tool is matched with an output central shaft of a movable ring of the vibration tables through the assembling height of the support, the movable ring of each vibration table is connected with a frame on the side of the tool through a flexible rod, and vibration of the Z-axial direction is output at the current point position.
Further, corresponding to a Z-axial sample vibration test of the tool width, at least two vibration tables are arranged on two sides of the tool width in a distributed mode and are turned over by 90 degrees towards the tool respectively, the tool is lapped on the support and is in sleeve type sliding fit along the Z-axial direction, the tool is matched with an output central shaft of a movable coil of each vibration table through the assembling height of the support, the movable coil of each vibration table is connected with a side frame of the tool through a flexible rod, and the vibration of the Z-axial direction is output at the current point position.
Further, the frock is by aluminum plate and aluminium alloy integrated weld forming, and local hollowing subtracts heavy processing.
The technical solution for achieving the other object of the present invention is a method for testing multiple synchronous vibration, which is implemented based on the above apparatus, and comprises:
test preparation, namely positioning and connecting 2-4 vibration tables on the simple foundation according to the vibration excitation direction required by the sample test, and loading a tool and a sample by using a bracket corresponding to the test direction;
simulation analysis, wherein finite element simulation analysis is carried out on the dynamic characteristics of the combined tool and the tested sample;
and (3) carrying out test development, namely selecting and adjusting the position of an excitation point, the excitation magnitude, the position of a control point and a control mode by respectively carrying out results of a modal test and a frequency response function test on a tested sample, a tool and a combination of the tested sample and the tool.
Further, according to the result of finite element simulation analysis, the vibrating tables with the same type and output or the type and different types are arranged at the positions of two different excitation points, and the vibrating tables are controlled in a multi-point average or weighted rectangular matrix mode corresponding to the positions of the control points.
The technical solution of the multiple synchronous vibration test systems has the prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable progress: a synchronous vibration test system is formed by arranging and connecting a plurality of vibration tables with various thrusts, so that the requirements of more comprehensive vibration tests of test pieces with increased volume and weight can be met; and the device adopts the reverse installation of frock to accept the excitation, has saved and alleviateed the weight gain that bearing structure brought.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a plurality of synchronous vibration testing apparatuses of the present invention for a Y-axis vibration test.
Fig. 2 is a close-up schematic view of the tooling of the embodiment shown in fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a plurality of synchronous vibration testing devices of the present invention for X-axis vibration testing.
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a plurality of synchronous vibration testing apparatuses of the present invention for Z-axis vibration testing.
FIG. 5 is an X-axis frequency response diagram of the vibration test method of the present invention at 300-1000 Hz.
FIG. 6 is a Z-axis frequency response diagram of the vibration test method under 300-1000 Hz.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings for the purpose of understanding and controlling the technical solutions of the present invention, so as to define the protection scope of the present invention more clearly.
In view of the trend of large volume and mass development of samples required by vibration tests, the existing equipment is increasingly difficult to meet the requirements of related tests. The device and the method have the advantages that the device and the method are especially characterized in that the device is poor in volume adaptability, and the test vibration magnitude cannot meet the minimum test requirement, the applicant relies on the experience of long-term vibration table design, and innovatively provides a multi-station synchronous vibration test device and a test method thereof, so that the requirements of vibration tests of products with various volume and weight in various production fields are met.
Firstly, in view of the device structure of the multiple synchronous vibration test systems, the general structural characteristics are as follows: the device comprises a simple foundation, a support, a tool and more than two vibrating tables, wherein the shape and specification of the tool are set to be matched with an open cuboid container in which a sample is compatible, the tool is arranged on the simple foundation through the support to be in a main body soakage shape, the support has more than two replacement groups with heights and volumes corresponding to various test directions of the sample, and the replacement groups can be detachably arranged between the simple foundation and the tool; the sample is fixedly connected with the tool through the triangular plates at two ends in the length direction, and each vibration table is fixedly connected to the simple foundation according to the vibration excitation direction required by the sample test and is connected with the tool through the flexible rod to transmit vibration.
In the above summary scheme, it should be detailed that the simple foundation may be made of large steel plate, and the load-carrying deformation resistance of the simple foundation needs to be more than 50 tons; or a concrete terrace supported by steel bars. The shape and the specification of the tool have customizability, and the tool is usually specially customized to meet the requirements of sample loading, sensor layout and the like due to the diversity of sample shape structures and volumes. The following embodiments are made by taking a relatively common strip sample as an example, and are temporarily defined as a rectangular parallelepiped container for the convenience of describing the referential property of the layout direction of the multiple vibration tables. Because vibration test's variety, the height that the frock actually was adorned and is connect needs and shaking table looks adaptation, consequently above-mentioned support also has the replacement group of many specification styles to the realization is supporting the flexibility of high and is matchd to the frock. In particular, the number of vibration tables in the vibration system usually requires two to four, or even more. So as to meet the requirement of increasing the output thrust of the sample; therefore, for the sample body, points for vibration test are increased, and reliable and comprehensive product performance can be obtained through abundant test control.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention for the Y-axis vibration test, as can be seen from the schematic perspective structural views shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the Y-axis vibration test corresponds to the tool height direction. In the illustrated device structure, the simple foundation 1 is distributed and connected with one vibration table 41 and one vibration table 42 corresponding to the two ends of the tool 3 in the length direction, and the periphery of each vibration table is provided with a fence frame 7 for fixing the vibration table. The tool 3 is lapped on the bracket through the air bag group 6 and is carried by the bracket 21 to be in a main body soaring state. As can be seen, the vibration table is normally installed vertically, so that the moving coil A is vertically output (i.e. Y-axis direction), the top of the bracket 21 is higher than the moving coil of the vibration table, and the vibration tables at two ends are accommodated in the bracket in a half-box type structure. As can be seen from fig. 2, an auxiliary frame 211 of a limiting tool is further disposed on the top of the bracket 21, and the bracket 21 and the auxiliary frame 211 are in roller-type sliding fit through a toothed roller 212. Therefore, the tool can keep vertical bumping motion in the auxiliary frame, and the situation that lateral shaking and the like affect the test result is avoided.
In this embodiment, the moving coils of the two vibration tables are connected to the frame and the set square 81a, 81b at the end of the tool 3 through the flexible rod 5, and the excitation in the Y-axis direction is output at the current point. Meanwhile, in necessary implementation, a vibration table 43 for compensating vibration is further mounted between the vibration tables arranged at the two ends of the tool, and a moving coil of the vibration table 43 is also connected with the center of the bottom of the tool 3 through a flexible rod 5 and outputs excitation in the Y-axis direction at a connection point. Therefore, the positions of the three excitation points can be synchronously controlled to output thrust to the sample and controlled to participate in a modal test and a frequency response function test.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention for the X-axis vibration test, as can be seen from the schematic perspective view shown in fig. 3, the X-axis vibration test corresponds to the tool length direction. In the structure of the device shown in the figure, one end of the simple foundation 1 corresponding to the length direction of the tool 3 is connected with a vibration table 4a, the other end of the simple foundation is connected with two vibration tables 4b in parallel, all the vibration tables are turned over towards the tool by 90 degrees and are in a horizontal state, and respective moving coils are transversely output along the X axial direction. Similarly, a fence frame 7 is arranged on the periphery of each vibration table, and the difference is only that the anti-vibration buffering direction for fixing the vibration table is adjusted to be horizontal and transverse. The tool 3 does not need the airbag group to resist shaking and torsional vibration, is directly lapped on the bracket 22 and realizes sleeve type sliding fit along the X axis by the pipe sleeve component 221. In this embodiment, the tool 3 is adapted to the output central axis of the moving coil of the vibration table through the assembly height of the support 22, and the moving coil of each vibration table is connected to the frame at the end of the tool through the flexible rod 5, and outputs the excitation in the X-axis direction at the current point. The output thrust to the sample is also controlled synchronously at the position of the three excitation points, wherein the direction of the output thrust of the oscillating table 4a and the direction of the output thrust of the oscillating table 4b are alternately reversed, and the output thrust of the oscillating table 4a is greater than the output thrust of the individual oscillating tables 4b, but close to the total output thrust of the grouped oscillating tables 4 b.
Except for the illustrated embodiment, the number of the vibrating tables arranged at the two ends of the tool in the X-axis vibration test can be the same, that is, one or two vibrating tables are arranged at the two ends respectively, and only the position of the flexible rod connecting frame needs to be adjusted.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention for the Z-axis vibration test, as can be seen from the schematic perspective view shown in fig. 4, the Z-axis vibration test corresponds to the width direction of the tool. In the device structure shown in the figure, three vibration tables 4 are arranged on one side of the simple foundation 1 corresponding to the width direction of the tool 3, all the vibration tables are turned over for 90 degrees towards the tool to be in a horizontal state, the respective moving coils are horizontal output along the Z-axis direction, and the fence frame 7 is similarly arranged, so that repeated description is omitted. In this embodiment, the Z-axis vibration test is a single-side output, so that the frame on the other side of the tool 3 needs to be supported by the airbag unit 6. The simple foundation 1 is connected with a reaction block 9, and the air bag group 6 is abutted against the vertical surface of the reaction block. The tool 3 is matched with the output central shaft of the moving coil of the vibration table in height through the bracket 23 by referring to an X-axis vibration test, and is also matched with a sleeve component 231 in a sleeve type in a sliding mode along the Z-axis direction. The moving coil of each vibration table 4 is connected with a side frame of the tool through a flexible rod 5, and vibration excitation in the Z-axis direction is output at the current point position of each vibration table. Although the three vibration tables output thrust in a synchronous and controlled manner, the thrust direction and the frequency can be adjusted to be different, so that various modal tests and frequency response function test tests are met.
Of course, in addition to the illustrated embodiment, the reaction mass may be replaced with an appropriate number of vibration tables, or one vibration table located at the middle position may be removed, so that the thrust forces are output to both sides in the tool width direction.
As a further optimization, in order to reduce the overall weight of the tool, aluminum plates and aluminum profiles are integrally welded, and hollowing is carried out at a proper position to reduce the weight.
Secondly, as for the test method of the multiple synchronous vibration test systems, the outlined step characteristics comprise:
firstly, test preparation, namely positioning and connecting 2-4 vibration tables on a simple foundation according to the vibration excitation direction required by a sample test, and loading a tool and a sample by using a bracket corresponding to the test direction;
secondly, simulation analysis, wherein finite element simulation analysis is carried out on the dynamic characteristics of the combined tool and the tested sample;
and thirdly, carrying out test development, namely selecting and adjusting the position of an excitation point, the excitation magnitude, the position of a control point and a control mode by respectively carrying out results of a modal test and a frequency response function test on a tested sample, a tested tool and a combined body of the tested sample and the tested tool. As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the frequency response of the multiple synchronous vibration testing devices of the present invention to a sample in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction at 300 to 1000Hz is shown.
And according to the result of finite element simulation analysis, setting the same type and output vibration table or type at two different excitation point positions, and outputting different vibration tables, and controlling the vibration tables in a multipoint average or weighted rectangular matrix mode corresponding to each control point position. The vibration test is quite mature in the current industry and has a relatively complete system from equipment to method; based on the fact that the selectable thrust range of the existing single vibration table is 10 kN-500 kN, the specific details of the test development of the invention are mostly the combined implementation of the existing test details, and the test process can be specifically optimized by being associated with a controller manufacturer, so that the detailed description of the test process and the detailed implementation thereof are omitted.
In conclusion, as can be seen from the detailed description of the embodiments of the multiple synchronous vibration test systems of the present invention, the present solution has prominent substantive features and significant progressiveness: a synchronous vibration test system is formed by arranging and connecting a plurality of vibration tables with various thrusts, so that the requirements of more comprehensive vibration tests of test pieces with increased volume and weight can be met; and the device adopts the reverse installation of frock to accept the excitation, has saved and alleviateed the weight gain that bearing structure brought.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments, and any technical solutions formed by equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations are within the scope of the present invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a many synchronous vibration test device which characterized in that: the device comprises a simple foundation, a support, a tool and more than two vibrating tables, wherein the shape and specification of the tool are set to be an open cuboid container which is matched with and compatible with a sample, the tool is arranged on the simple foundation through the support to be in a main body soakage shape, the support is provided with more than two replacement groups with different heights and volumes corresponding to various test directions of the sample, and the replacement groups can be detachably arranged between the simple foundation and the tool; the sample is fixedly connected with the tool through the triangular plates at two ends in the length direction, and each vibration table is fixedly connected to the simple foundation according to the vibration excitation direction required by the sample test and is connected with the tool through the flexible rod to transmit vibration.
2. The apparatus for testing a plurality of synchronous vibrations according to claim 1, wherein: the tool is connected to the support through the air bag group in a lap joint mode and is in roller type sliding fit along the Y axis, the assembling height of the tool is higher than that of the moving coil of the vibrating table through the support, the moving coil of each vibrating table is connected with a frame and a triangular plate at the end of the tool through a flexible rod, and excitation of the Y axis is output at the current point position.
3. The apparatus for testing a plurality of synchronous vibrations according to claim 2, wherein: and a vibrating table for compensating vibration is also arranged between the vibrating tables arranged at the two ends of the tool, and a moving coil of the vibrating table is connected with the center of the bottom of the tool through a flexible rod and outputs excitation in the Y-axis direction at a connection point.
4. The apparatus for testing a plurality of synchronous vibrations according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps that a sample vibration test corresponding to the length X axial direction of a tool is carried out, at least two vibration tables are arranged at two ends of the tool in the length direction in a distributed mode and turn over towards the tool by 90 degrees respectively, the tool is lapped on a support and matched in a sleeve-type sliding mode along the X axial direction, the tool is matched with an output central shaft of a movable coil of each vibration table through the assembling height of the support, the movable coil of each vibration table is connected with a frame at the end part of the tool through a flexible rod, and X axial excitation is output at the current point position.
5. The apparatus for testing a plurality of synchronous vibrations according to claim 4, wherein: the number of the vibration tables arranged at the two ends of the tool is consistent or different.
6. The apparatus for testing a plurality of synchronous vibrations according to claim 1, wherein: the tool width Z axial sample vibration test is characterized in that at least two vibration tables are mounted on one side of the tool width Z in a distributed mode and are turned over by 90 degrees towards the tool, the tool is lapped on a support and is in sleeve type sliding fit along the Z axial direction, a frame on the other side of the tool abuts against a vertical face of a reaction block connected on a simple foundation through an air bag group, the tool is matched with an output central shaft of a movable ring of the vibration table through the assembling height of the support, the movable ring of each vibration table is connected with the frame on the side of the tool through a flexible rod, and Z axial excitation is output at the current point position.
7. The apparatus for testing a plurality of synchronous vibrations according to claim 1, wherein: in the Z-axial sample vibration test of the tool width, at least two vibration tables are arranged on two sides of the tool width in a distributed manner and are respectively turned over by 90 degrees towards the tool, the tool is lapped on a support and is in sleeve type sliding fit along the Z axis, the tool is matched with an output central shaft of a movable coil of each vibration table through the assembling height of the support, the movable coil of each vibration table is connected with a side frame of the tool through a flexible rod, and the vibration of the Z axis is output at the current point position.
8. The apparatus for testing a plurality of synchronous vibrations according to claim 1, wherein: the frock is by aluminum plate and aluminium alloy integrated welding shaping, and local hollowing out subtracts heavy processing.
9. A multi-station synchronous vibration test method which is realized based on the device of any one of claims 1 to 8 and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
test preparation, namely positioning and connecting 2-4 vibration tables on the simple foundation according to the vibration excitation direction required by the sample test, and loading a tool and a sample by using a bracket corresponding to the test direction;
simulation analysis, wherein finite element simulation analysis is carried out on the dynamic characteristics of the combined tool and the tested sample;
and (3) carrying out test development, namely selecting and adjusting the position of an excitation point, the excitation magnitude, the position of a control point and a control mode by respectively carrying out results of a modal test and a frequency response function test on a tested sample, a tool and a combination of the tested sample and the tool.
10. The method for testing a plurality of synchronous vibrations according to claim 9, characterized in that: according to the result of finite element simulation analysis, the same type and output vibration table or type are set at two different excitation point positions, different vibration tables are output, and the vibration table is controlled by adopting a multipoint average or weighted rectangular matrix mode corresponding to each control point position.
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| CN107543671A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2018-01-05 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | More and exciting movement controller and digit phase isochronous controller matching process |
| CN206208485U (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-05-31 | 天津航天瑞莱科技有限公司 | A kind of dual stage simultaneously swashs horizontal vibrating test system |
| CN106872130A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-06-20 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | A kind of vibration experiment and test method |
| CN107941442A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-20 | 北京强度环境研究所 | Vibration testing device and the method that vibration test is carried out to product |
| CN109682559A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-26 | 天津航天瑞莱科技有限公司 | Double 35 tons of shake tables simultaneously swash test adjustment tooling |
| CN110057523A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-07-26 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | A kind of more of broadband simultaneously pushes away pilot system |
| CN112710449A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-27 | 北京苏试创博环境可靠性技术有限公司 | Horizontal excitation test device, combination thereof and installation method of horizontal excitation test device |
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