CN103364161A - Test bench of comprehensive performance of air spring - Google Patents
Test bench of comprehensive performance of air spring Download PDFInfo
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- CN103364161A CN103364161A CN2013102898429A CN201310289842A CN103364161A CN 103364161 A CN103364161 A CN 103364161A CN 2013102898429 A CN2013102898429 A CN 2013102898429A CN 201310289842 A CN201310289842 A CN 201310289842A CN 103364161 A CN103364161 A CN 103364161A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test bench of the comprehensive performance of an air spring, and belongs to the technical field of vehicle engineering. The test bench can effectively achieve the aims of carrying out the vertical, transverse and twisting tests of the air spring at the same time and simulating the actual working states of the air spring. A rack of the test bench is in a four stand column type, a bearing platform is arranged in the middle of the rack, a device for bearing balance weight is arranged above the rack, a sensor is arranged below the rack, each stand column of the rack is provided with a cone-shaped fixing nut, a vertical hydraulic actuator which is arranged in a plane triangle mode is arranged below a workbench, and the volume of an additional air chamber is adjustable. The influence to the dynamics performance of the air spring by regional environment with different temperatures can be simulated by an external air conditioner system, multi-dimensional simulation is applied to the air spring through a shock excitation source, changes of loads and deflection of the air spring under the conditions with different environment temperatures and physical parameters are measured, and parameters such as dynamic stiffness, static stiffness, damping ratio and transfer ratio of the air spring are calculated through parameters of vibration characteristics. The test bench is mainly used for testing the comprehensive performance of the air spring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention belongs to the Vehicle Engineering technical field, particularly the dynamic and static characteristic test device of vehicle air spring.
Background technology
Along with the raising of running velocity and to comfortableness require day by day strict, air spring is widely used because it has good linear Stiffness and damping performance.Its good dynamic performance makes it play vital effect aspect raising running velocity and the riding comfort.The rigidity of air spring, damping characteristic are subjected to the impact of many physical parameters and temperature and actual condition, because the material nonlinearity of air spring, the factor such as geometrical non-linearity and contact nonlinear, cause that air spring is carried out dynamic analysis and become comparatively difficult, therefore, be badly in need of a kind ofly can considering environment temperature, air spring bulk volume, auxiliary chamber volume, the throttle orifice diameter, the factors such as connecting line length are on test method and the testing equipment of the impact of air spring dynamic perfromance, in order to air spring is carried out complete dynamics research.
The four directions vehicle research has vertical vibration testing table and two kinds of testing tables of transverse vibration testing table, vertical excitation charger is housed respectively, the transversely excited charger, wherein vertical testing table can be regulated upper end load mass piece quality, maximum vertical load 20t, equipment precision did not satisfy the test demand when high frequency loaded, and the transverse test platform separates with vertical testing table, therefore can't carry out simultaneously vertical and horizontal and twisting test to air spring, good simulated air spring actual working state.
Summary of the invention
It is comprehensive performance test bed to the invention provides a kind of air spring, and it can effectively measure different physical and temperature affects the air spring dynamic performance.
The present invention realizes that the technical scheme that its goal of the invention adopts is: air spring is comprehensive performance test bed, comprise frame, actuator, hydraulic system, high-low pressure gas-holder and compressor, frame is four pillar constructions, the middle part is provided with plummer, the plummer top is provided with inside grid carrying counter weight device, and the below is provided with sensor.Framework pillar is marked with height value and is provided with the taper hold-down nut, between the mating surface of plummer lower surface and hold-down nut upper surface contact portion tapering is arranged; Worktable upper surface has annular groove, and the below is provided with and is three two vertical hydraulic actuators of ball pivot that plane triangle is arranged.The side is connected with the inferior angle of elevation of set square on being hinged on bearing by two hinged vertical hydraulic actuators, and the set square drift angle passes through single ball pivot connecting link and links to each other with worktable.For being filled with the hydraulic oil barrel-like structure, link to each other with worktable by connecting line in the auxiliary chamber, can control by the size of adjusting oil mass the size of air chamber, realize the adjustable continuously of auxiliary chamber volume size.The air intake opening of auxiliary chamber links to each other with compressor with the high-low pressure gas-holder of peripheral hardware through tracheal pressure, and the exhausr port of auxiliary chamber directly links to each other with atmosphere.
Described hydraulic system comprises pipeline and the cooling system of power pump, oil sources, connection actuator, actuator rated pressure 210--280bar, and its tailpiece of the piston rod adopts hydrostatic bearing.Plummer can be followed counter weight device and be done vertical vibration along column.The counter weight device quality can be regulated, and is used for simulating actual empty spring load; The taper hold-down nut is arranged on the framework pillar, can be with plummer along vertical and horizontal fixing.Framework pillar is marked with height value, can carry out fine adjustment to four hold-down nut height on the same workplace, and it is crooked to avoid plummer to occur; The upper surface of lower end hold-down nut and plummer lower surface and hold-down nut mating surface have tapering, can utilize the plummer deadweight to carry out centering.
The worktable below of bearing test part (such as air spring etc.) is provided with vertical excitation charger, the worktable side is provided with the transversely excited charger and reverses the excitation charger, and their actuator all links to each other with hydraulic system.Have annular groove on the worktable, can place rubber seal, satisfy there being impermeability to require the testing requirements of testpieces, three two vertical hydraulic actuators of ball pivot are arranged under the worktable, be plane triangle and arrange.Described transversely excited charger is to be connected with set square on being hinged on bearing by two hinged vertical hydraulic actuators, links to each other with worktable by single ball pivot connecting link, catenary motion can be transformed to transverse movement.The described exciting bank that reverses is comprised of two groups of transversely excited chargers, when two two hinged hydraulic actuator anti-phase motion, by the set square connection that is hinged on the bearing catenary motion is changed to transverse movement, makes worktable produce twisting motion.Vertical, horizontal, reverse exciting bank and form whole six degree of freedom excitation system and be installed in the melt pit, can adjust height of table by regulating actuator, with the standard operation height of warranty test spare (such as air spring etc.).Like this, the six degree of freedom exciting device can accurately be realized dynamically mobile and rotation of three directions (vertical, horizontal, vertical).Also be connected with flexible empty spring insulating cover between described worktable and the plummer, empty spring insulating cover side links to each other with the peripheral hardware air-conditioning by airduct.Realization is to the regulatory function of air spring operating ambient temperature
Compared with prior art, the effect that the present invention is useful is:
One, this testing table combines six degree of freedom exciting bank vertical, horizontal, that reverse air spring is carried out dynamic load, and than simple transverse vibration testing table and vertical testing table, experimentation cost is lower, tests more convenient.When wherein vertical excitation loads, but upper end mass free movement can reflect the air spring stressing conditions more really, and the well vertical free vibration of simulating vehicle is so that test figure is more true and reliable.
Two, adopt the peripheral hardware air-conditioning that temperature is controlled, can the temperature of simulated air spring in actual working environment, particularly the dynamics research tool of high-cold vehicle air spring is of great significance.
Three, can implement to load up to the high frequency of 50Hz to air spring, because domestic there is no at present for air spring applies 10Hz with the development test of upper frequency, therefore, this testing table seems very important for the research air spring at the dynamics under the high frequency pumping.
Four, adopt tapered cup nut, cooperates with the upper end plummer, utilize the deadweight automatic centering of counter weight device, thereby avoided the upper end plummer in moving process, to rub with important actor etc. owing to the position deviation center, affect the accuracy of test figure.
Five, auxiliary chamber is interior links to each other with worktable by connecting line for being filled with the hydraulic oil barrel-like structure, can control by the size of adjusting oil mass the size of air chamber volume, realizes the adjustable continuously of auxiliary chamber volume size.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is main TV structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is A-A sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is left TV structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is vertical hydraulic actuator schematic layout pattern of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is vertical hydraulic actuator schematic perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is perspective view of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment
The present invention has considered that the different physical such as variation of ambient temperature and air spring capsule type, bulk volume, auxiliary chamber volume, throttle orifice diameter, connecting line length and diameter and excitation amplitude, excitation frequency are on the impact of air spring dynamic performance.
The present invention includes frame, actuator, hydraulic system, high-low pressure gas-holder and compressor and form, frame 1 is four pillar constructions, and the middle part is provided with plummer 3, and its top is provided with carrying counter weight device 2, and carrying counter weight device 2 inside are provided with grid.Frame 1 column is marked with height value and is provided with taper hold-down nut 4, between the upper surface of hold-down nut 4 and plummer 3 lower surfaces and the mating surface thereof tapering is arranged; Worktable 5 upper surfaces have annular groove, the below is provided with and is three two vertical hydraulic actuators 6 of ball pivot that plane triangle is arranged, the side is connected with the inferior angle of elevation of set square 9 on being hinged on bearing 8 by two hinged vertical hydraulic actuators 7, set square 9 drift angles link to each other with worktable by single ball pivot connecting link, auxiliary chamber 11 is interior for being filled with the hydraulic oil barrel-like structure, link to each other with worktable 5 by connecting line 12, can control by the size of adjusting oil mass the size of air chamber, realize the adjustable continuously of auxiliary chamber 11 volume sizes.The air intake opening of auxiliary chamber 11 links to each other with compressor with the high-low pressure gas-holder of peripheral hardware through tracheal pressure, and the exhausr port of auxiliary chamber 11 directly links to each other with atmosphere.
Described hydraulic system comprises that the pipeline, power pump, oil sources, the cooling system that connect actuator 6 or actuator 7 form, actuator rated pressure 210--280bar, and its tailpiece of the piston rod adopts hydrostatic bearing.
Plummer 3 can be followed counter weight device 2 and be done vertical vibration along column, and counter weight device 2 quality can be regulated, and is used for simulating actual empty spring load; On frame 1 column taper hold-down nut 4 is arranged, can be with plummer 3 along vertical and horizontal fixing, frame 1 column is marked with height value, can highly carry out fine adjustment to four hold-down nuts 4 on the same workplace, and it is crooked to avoid plummer to occur; The upper surface of lower end hold-down nut 4 and plummer 3 lower surfaces and hold-down nut mating surface have tapering, can utilize plummer 3 deadweights to carry out centering.The vertical excitation charger of worktable 5 belows of bearing test part (such as air spring etc.), the transversely excited charger of worktable 5 sides and reverse the excitation charger, with vertical excitation charger, the transversely excited charger, reverse the hydraulic system that the excitation charger links to each other, have annular groove on the worktable 5, can place rubber seal, satisfy there being impermeability to require the testing requirements of testpieces, worktable has three two vertical hydraulic actuators 6 of ball pivot for 5 times, being plane triangle arranges, described transversely excited charger is to be connected with set square 9 on being hinged on bearing 8 by two hinged vertical hydraulic actuators 7 catenary motion is transformed to transverse movement, link to each other with worktable 5 by single ball pivot connecting link 10, the described exciting bank that reverses is comprised of two groups of transversely excited chargers, when two two hinged hydraulic actuator 7 anti-phase motion, by set square 9 connections that are hinged on the bearing 8 catenary motion is changed to transverse movement, makes worktable 5 produce twisting motions.Vertical, horizontal, reverse exciting bank and form whole six degree of freedom excitation system and be installed in the melt pit, can adjust height of table by regulating actuator, with the standard operation height of warranty test spare (such as air spring etc.).Also be connected with flexible empty spring insulating cover 14 between described worktable 5 and the plummer 3, empty spring insulating cover 14 sides link to each other with the peripheral hardware air-conditioning by airduct 13.Realization is to the regulatory function of air spring operating ambient temperature.
The course of work of the present invention and principle are to carry out the damper element correlation test such as air spring: air spring is placed on the worktable 5, unclamps hold-down nut 4, be inflated to the standard operation height in air spring.When carrying out vertical test, vertical excitation charger applies vertical excitation to air spring, when carrying out transverse test, the transversely excited charger applies transversely excited to air spring, when carrying out twisting test, reverse the excitation charger and air spring is applied reverse excitation, and the load mode of different directions can carry out simultaneously.By regulating hydraulic actuator 6 or actuator 7, can realize the control to excitation amplitude and frequency, highest frequency can reach 50Hz.
The test that the present invention can carry out comprises: air spring is vertical, horizontal, reverse statics test, dynamic test and torture test; Yielding rubber spare vertical horizontal, vertical, reverse statics test, dynamic test and torture test; The test of seat comfort degree.Considered that the different physical such as environment temperature and air spring capsule type, bulk volume, auxiliary chamber volume, throttle orifice diameter, connecting line length and diameter and excitation amplitude, excitation frequency are on the impact of air spring dynamic performance.
Claims (6)
1. an air spring is comprehensive performance test bed, comprise frame, actuator, hydraulic system, high-low pressure gas-holder and compressor, it is characterized in that: frame (1) is four pillar constructions, the middle part is provided with plummer (3), plummer (3) top is provided with the device (2) of carrying counterweight, the below is provided with sensor, on frame (1) column taper hold-down nut (4) is arranged, and between the mating surface of plummer (3) lower surface and hold-down nut (4) upper surface contact portion tapering is arranged; Worktable (5) below is provided with and is three two vertical hydraulic actuators of ball pivot (6) that plane triangle is arranged, the side is connected with the inferior angle of elevation of set square (9) on being hinged on bearing (8) by two hinged vertical hydraulic actuators (7), set square (9) drift angle links to each other with worktable (5) by single ball pivot connecting link (10), auxiliary chamber (11) is interior for being filled with the hydraulic oil barrel-like structure, link to each other with worktable (5) by connecting line (12), the air intake opening of auxiliary chamber (11) links to each other with compressor with the high-low pressure gas-holder of peripheral hardware through tracheal pressure, and the exhausr port of auxiliary chamber (11) directly links to each other with atmosphere.
2. a kind of air spring according to claim 1 is comprehensive performance test bed, it is characterized in that: described hydraulic system comprises pipeline and the cooling system of power pump, oil sources, connection actuator, actuator rated pressure 210--280bar, its tailpiece of the piston rod adopts hydrostatic bearing.
3. a kind of air spring according to claim 1 is comprehensive performance test bed, it is characterized in that: also be connected with flexible empty spring insulating cover (14) between described worktable (5) and the plummer (3), empty spring insulating cover (14) side links to each other with the peripheral hardware air-conditioning by airduct (13).
4. a kind of air spring according to claim 1 is comprehensive performance test bed, it is characterized in that: described frame (1) column is marked with height value.
5. a kind of air spring according to claim 1 is comprehensive performance test bed, it is characterized in that: described device (2) inside is provided with grid.
6. a kind of air spring according to claim 1 is comprehensive performance test bed, it is characterized in that: described worktable (5) upper surface has annular groove.
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| CN104034497A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-09-10 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | Dynamic stiffness simulating assembly of booster |
| CN104280230A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2015-01-14 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Torsion test device and method for air spring |
| CN104697776A (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-06-10 | 柳州市永益机械制造有限公司 | Gas spring detecting table |
| CN104792507A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-07-22 | 南车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | Spring fatigue experiment device and method |
| CN105021388A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-11-04 | 安徽舒城华云弹簧制造有限公司 | Spring swing life test device |
| CN105043703A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-11-11 | 大连大学 | General shock absorber dynamic and static test stand |
| CN105181310A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2015-12-23 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Air-spring mechanical property test device and experiment machine |
| CN105241622A (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2016-01-13 | 天津航天瑞莱科技有限公司 | Vibration test system with static preloading |
| CN105510013A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-04-20 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | Side force loading apparatus for hydro-pneumatic spring testing bench |
| CN105547667A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-05-04 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | Hydro-pneumatic spring test bench with side force simulation device |
| CN106017951A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-10-12 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | Integrated simulated hydro-pneumatic suspension testing system with road load and environmental stress integration |
| CN106197912A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-12-07 | 常州市莱特气弹簧有限公司 | Stiffness test device with auxiliary chamber air spring |
| CN106872191A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-06-20 | 吉林大学 | A kind of rail vehicle air spring six degree of freedom low-temperature test platform |
| CN107131178A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-05 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | The servo-cylinder performance test methods and its test system of a kind of stiffness variable |
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