CN114216121A

CN114216121A - Energy-saving efficient boiler variable-speed combustion system

Info

Publication number: CN114216121A
Application number: CN202111540625.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张明; 孙焕东; 苏慧锋; 张洪亮
Original assignee: Huzhou Zhili Changhe Thermal Power Co ltd
Current assignee: Huzhou Zhili Changhe Thermal Power Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-16
Filing date: 2021-12-16
Publication date: 2022-03-22
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-16
Also published as: CN114216121B

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving efficient boiler variable-speed combustion system, which comprises a boiler main body, wherein a combustor is arranged in the boiler main body, one side of the boiler main body is provided with a feed hopper, a feed channel is arranged between the feed hopper and the boiler main body and comprises a first channel and a second channel, a spiral conveyor is arranged in the first channel, a filter hole is formed in the spiral conveyor, an air channel is arranged below the filter hole, a fan is arranged in the air channel, the tail end of the air channel is provided with a first discharge end, and the output end of the spiral conveyor is provided with a second discharge end; be equipped with double-deck carriage in the second passageway, be equipped with respectively on the double-deck carriage with the first transport layer that first discharge end corresponds and the second transport layer that corresponds with the second discharge end, the end on first transport layer and second transport layer all is equipped with the mixing device that evenly feeds in raw material. The invention has the characteristics of full, stable and efficient combustion and energy saving.

Description

Energy-saving efficient boiler variable-speed combustion system

Technical Field

The invention relates to a boiler combustion system, in particular to an energy-saving and efficient boiler variable-speed combustion system.

Background

A boiler is an indispensable device in many production requiring steam, and the steam of the boiler is vaporized for production by burning fuel. In the steam production process, the combustion condition of the boiler has a great influence on the steam generation and the fuel utilization rate. At present, more than 90% of the existing thermal power generating units are influenced by coal price cost factors, and poor-quality coal doped with coal is used for producing power so as to reduce the power generation cost. The boiler adopts non-designed coal, so that the situation that fuel combustion is unstable and insufficient due to incomplete combustion of some fuels during combustion is caused, resources are wasted, the smoke content in flue gas is high, the overall combustion effect is influenced, the combustion heat value is complex and changeable, and the combustion condition cannot be adjusted to respond to the change of the combustion heat value efficiently; in addition, when fuel is injected to the combustor, the fuel injection position of the combustor is fixed, so that fuel may be partially accumulated on the combustor, which also affects the sufficiency, instability and combustion efficiency of fuel combustion, and causes waste of energy.

Therefore, the existing boiler combustion system has the problems of sufficient combustion, instability, low combustion efficiency and large energy loss.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an energy-saving and efficient boiler variable-speed combustion system. The invention has the characteristics of full, stable and efficient combustion and energy saving.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an energy-saving efficient boiler variable-speed combustion system comprises a boiler main body, wherein a combustor is arranged in the boiler main body, a feed hopper is arranged on one side of the boiler main body, a feed passage is arranged between the feed hopper and the boiler main body, the feed passage comprises a first passage and a second passage, a spiral conveyor is arranged in the first passage, filter holes are formed in the bottom wall of the spiral conveyor, air channels communicated with all the filter holes are arranged below the filter holes, a fan is arranged at the starting end of each air channel, a first discharge end is arranged at the tail end of each air channel, and a second discharge end is arranged at the output end of the spiral conveyor; a double-layer conveying frame is arranged in the second channel, a first conveying layer corresponding to the first discharging end and a second conveying layer corresponding to the second discharging end are arranged on the double-layer conveying frame, and material homogenizing devices are arranged at the tail ends of the first conveying layer and the second conveying layer; the combustor comprises a first combustor and a second combustor, and the first conveying layer and the second conveying layer realize uniform feeding of the first combustor and the second combustor through the material homogenizing device respectively.

In the aforementioned energy-saving efficient boiler variable-speed combustion system, the below of first combustor is equipped with the grid plate, is equipped with a plurality of air-supply lines on the grid plate, and air-supply line and intake-tube connection are equipped with first air outlet on the pipe wall of air-supply line, and the pot head is equipped with to the last pot head of air-supply line, is equipped with a plurality of second air outlets that are the heliciform and upwards extend the distribution on the global of hood.

In the energy-saving and efficient boiler variable-speed combustion system, the hood is internally provided with the light shielding block, the volume of the shielding block is matched with that of the hood, and the top of the shielding block is connected with the hood through the light spring.

In the aforementioned energy-conserving high-efficient type boiler variable speed combustion system, still include the treater, the input of treater is connected with temperature collector, heat collector, velocity collector, airflow collector respectively, temperature collector is used for gathering the boiler temperature, heat collector is used for gathering the heat that generates heat of combustor, velocity collector is used for gathering the conveying speed of double-deck carriage, airflow collector is used for gathering the airflow output volume of air distribution plate, the output of treater respectively with transport controller, advance the air controller and be connected.

In the energy-saving efficient boiler variable-speed combustion system, the fan is connected with the conveying motor of the screw conveyor through belt transmission, the heating body is further arranged in the air channel, and the filter screens are arranged on two sides of the heating body.

In the energy-saving and efficient boiler variable-speed combustion system, the heating body comprises a fixing frame, a plurality of rows of heating tubes are arranged on the fixing frame, and a ventilation gap is formed between every two adjacent heating tubes.

In the aforesaid energy-conserving high-efficient type boiler variable speed combustion system, the mixing device includes the conveying plate that inclines downwards articulated with the transport tail end of double-deck carriage, and the end of conveying plate is located the top of the combustor that corresponds, is equipped with the support frame in the pole setting of double-deck carriage, is equipped with the bracing piece on the support frame, is equipped with the drive wheel on the bracing piece, and the drive wheel passes through synchronous chain with the delivery wheel on the double-deck carriage to be connected, is equipped with the crank on the drive wheel, and articulate tip articulates there is the push rod, and the other end of push rod is articulated mutually with the bottom side of conveying plate.

In the energy-saving and efficient boiler variable-speed combustion system, the tail end of the feeding plate is provided with the material throwing part which is bent upwards.

Compared with the prior art, the fuel is separated according to the particle size through the spiral conveyor, the fuel is conveyed to different combustors to be combusted according to the characteristics of the fuel through the arrangement of the double-layer conveyor and the material homogenizing device, the combustion power of the two combustors can be set to be different, the combustion is more sufficient, the waste of the fuel is avoided, and the fuel energy is saved; and the fuel is uniformly thrown on the corresponding combustor through the material homogenizing device, so that the uniformity and the stability of combustion are ensured, and the condition that the combustion is insufficient due to partial accumulation of the fuel is avoided.

Furthermore, an air inlet pipe is arranged on the air distribution plate to provide fuel gas required by combustion for the boiler main body, an air cap is arranged on the air inlet pipe, and a blocking piece is arranged in the air cap, so that the air cap can automatically adjust the air supply condition of the air cap according to the air input of the air inlet pipe, the combustion stability of a combustor is ensured, the fuel gas waste is reduced, and the fuel gas energy is saved;

further, utilize the temperature condition of various collectors collection fuel feeding condition, air feed condition, combustor burning condition and boiler, according to the actual required temperature of boiler, in time, high-efficient adjusts the burning condition of combustor through adjustment fuel feeding condition and air feed condition to deal with different burning heat demands better.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure at A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a heat-generating body;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a change state of the homogenizing device during operation;

FIG. 5 is an external view of the hood;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the hood;

fig. 7 is a connection block diagram of a processor.

The labels in the figures are: 1. a boiler main body; 21. a first burner; 22. a second combustor; 3. a feed hopper; 31. a first channel; 32. a second channel; 33. a screw conveyor; 331. a filtration pore; 34. an air duct; 35. a fan; 36. a first discharge end; 37. a second discharge end; 4. a double-layer conveying frame; 41. a first transport layer; 42. a second transport layer; 43. a delivery wheel; 5. a material homogenizing device; 51. a feeding plate; 511. a material throwing part; 52. a support frame; 53. a support bar; 54. a drive wheel; 55. a synchronization chain; 56. a crank; 57. a push rod; 6. a wind distribution plate; 61. an air inlet pipe; 611. a first air outlet; 62. an air inlet pipe; 63. a hood; 64. a second air outlet; 65. a stop block is shielded; 66. a light spring; 7. a processor; 71. a temperature collector; 72. a heat collector; 73. a speed collector; 74. an airflow collector; 75. a transport controller; 76. an air intake controller; 8. a heating element; 81. a fixed mount; 82. a heat generating tube; 83. a ventilation gap; 84. and (4) a filter screen.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Example (b):

as shown in fig. 1-7, an energy-saving and efficient boiler variable-speed combustion system comprises a boiler main body 1, a combustor is arranged in the boiler main body 1, a feed hopper 3 is arranged on one side of the boiler main body 1, a feed channel is arranged between the feed hopper 3 and the boiler main body 1, the feed channel comprises a first channel 31 and a second channel 32, a spiral conveyor 33 is arranged in the first channel 31, a feed inlet communicated with the feed hopper 3 is arranged at the top of the spiral conveyor 33, a filtering hole 331 is arranged on the bottom wall of the spiral conveyor 33, air channels 34 communicated with all the filtering holes 331 are arranged below the filtering hole 331, a fan 35 is arranged at the starting end of each air channel 34, a first discharge end 36 extending into the second channel 32 is arranged at the tail end of each air channel 34, and a second discharge end 37 extending into the second channel 32 is arranged at the output end of the spiral conveyor 33; the fan 35 is connected with the conveying motor of the screw conveyor 33 through belt transmission, the heating body 8 is further arranged in the air duct 34, the heating body 8 is located at the starting end of the screw conveyor 33, and filter screens 84 are arranged on two sides of the heating body 8.

The heating body 8 comprises a fixing frame 81, a plurality of rows of heating tubes 82 are arranged on the fixing frame 81, and a ventilation gap 83 is formed between every two adjacent heating tubes 82.

Fuel enters into screw conveyer 33 from feeder hopper 3, through screw conveyer 33 limit transport limit filtration separation, divide into large granule fuel and tiny particle fuel respectively with the fuel, large granule fuel falls into in second passageway 32 through the second discharge end 37 of screw conveyer 33 output end department, tiny particle fuel drops into in wind channel 34 through filtration pore 331, utilize fan 35's hot air power to blow in tiny particle fuel blows in second passageway 32 from first discharge end 36, utilize the heat energy of heat-generating body 8 simultaneously, preheat, dry fuel avoids fuel mutual adhesion, separation efficiency and subsequent combustion efficiency are improved.

A double-layer conveying frame 4 is arranged in the second channel 32, a first conveying layer 41 corresponding to the first discharging end 36 and a second conveying layer 42 corresponding to the second discharging end 37 are arranged on the double-layer conveying frame 4, and material homogenizing devices 5 are arranged at the tail ends of the first conveying layer 41 and the second conveying layer 42; the burner comprises a first burner 21 and a second burner 22, and a first conveying layer 41 and a second conveying layer 42 realize uniform feeding of the first burner 21 and the second burner 22 through a material homogenizing device 5.

The first conveying layer 41 and the second conveying layer 42 are both provided with conveying wheels 43, and the conveying wheels 43 are connected with driving motors for driving transmission. The material homogenizing device 5 comprises a feeding plate 51 which is hinged with the conveying tail end of the double-layer conveying frame 4 and inclines downwards, the tail end of the feeding plate 51 is positioned above the corresponding combustor, a supporting frame 52 is arranged on the vertical rod of the double-layer conveying frame 4, a supporting rod 53 is arranged on the supporting frame 52, a driving wheel 54 is arranged on the supporting rod 53, the driving wheel 54 is connected with the conveying wheel 43 on the double-layer conveying frame 4 through a synchronous chain 55, a crank 56 is arranged on the driving wheel 54, the end part of the crank 56 is hinged with a push rod 57, and the other end of the push rod 57 is hinged with the bottom side of the feeding plate 51. The end of the feeding plate 51 is provided with an upward bent throwing part 511. So that the material can be thrown further.

The driving motor drives the conveying wheel 43 to rotate, so that the first conveying layer 41 and the second conveying layer 42 realize normal conveying of the fuel until the fuel is conveyed to the feeding plate 51; when the conveying wheel 43 rotates, the driving wheel 54 is driven to rotate through the synchronous chain 55, the driving wheel 54 drives the crank 56 to rotate, the crank 56 drives the feeding plate 51 to swing by taking the conveying tail end of the double-layer conveying frame 4 as a circle center through the push rod 57, the tail end of the feeding plate 51 swings back and forth on the combustor, and fuel is uniformly thrown onto the corresponding combustor, so that fuel is received at each position on the combustor, partial accumulation of the fuel on the combustor is avoided, and the combustion is uniform, stable and high in efficiency.

An air distribution plate 6 is arranged below the first combustor 21, a plurality of air inlet pipes 61 are arranged on the air distribution plate 6, the air inlet pipes 61 are connected with an air inlet pipe 62, first air outlets 611 are arranged on the pipe walls of the air inlet pipes 61, an air cap 63 is sleeved on the upper end of each air inlet pipe 61, and a plurality of second air outlets 64 which are spirally and upwardly extending and distributed are arranged on the circumferential surface of the air cap 63. The second air outlet 64 extends upwards in a spiral shape, so that airflow sprayed out from the hood 63 forms certain rotational flow, gas can be better supplied to a burner positioned above the second air outlet, and damage and non-combustion loss of the gas caused by impact of the gas on the inner wall of the boiler main body 1 are reduced.

A light shielding block 65 is arranged in the blast cap 63, the volume of the shielding block 65 is matched with that of the blast cap 63, and the top of the shielding block 65 is connected with the blast cap 63 through a light spring 66.

The air inlet pipe 62 provides gas required by combustion for the burner, and the impact force of the airflow ejected by the air inlet pipe 61 and with different sizes on the shielding block 65 is different, so that the shielding block 65 is different in position in the hood 63, and the shielding amount of the second air outlet 64 is different, thereby adjusting the air outlet condition. When the input airflow of the air inlet pipe 62 is larger, the force of the airflow impacting the blocking piece 65 is larger, so that the degree of upward movement of the blocking piece 65 is larger, the more second air outlets 64 are exposed, the large-flow airflow can be conveniently and quickly conveyed, and the combustion efficiency is improved; when the input airflow of the air inlet pipe 62 is smaller, the force of the airflow impacting the blocking piece 65 is smaller, the blocking piece 65 moves downwards more under the action of gravity and a spring, and the blocking closed second air outlet 64 is more, so that the air outlet quantity is reduced, certain airflow ejection speed and stability are ensured, and when no airflow enters the air inlet pipe 62, the blocking piece 65 blocks all the second air outlets 64, and the situation that fuel is blocked when entering the air inlet pipe 61 from the second air outlet 64 is avoided. And the second air outlet 64 extends upwards in a spiral shape, so that the adjusting precision of the blocking piece 65 on the second air outlet 64 is higher.

The double-layer conveying frame is characterized by further comprising a processor 7, wherein the input end of the processor 7 is connected with a temperature collector 71, a heat collector 72, a speed collector 73 and an air flow collector 74 respectively, the temperature collector 71 is used for collecting the temperature of the boiler, the heat collector 72 is used for collecting the heating heat of the combustor, the speed collector 73 is used for collecting the conveying speed of the double-layer conveying frame 4, the air flow collector 74 is used for collecting the air flow output quantity of the air distribution plate 6, and the output end of the processor 7 is connected with a conveying controller 75 and an air inlet controller 76 respectively. The conveyance controller 75 is connected to the drive motor of the double-deck conveyance rack 4, and the intake controller 76 is connected to the intake pipe 62.

The temperature collector 71 collects the temperature of the boiler in real time, the heat collector 72 collects the heating heat of the burner in real time, the speed collector 73 collects the conveying speed of the double-layer conveying frame 4 in real time, and the airflow collector 74 collects the airflow output quantity of the air distribution plate 6 in real time, so that the combustion condition of the boiler can be accurately and timely known. When the boiler temperature is insufficient and the combustion heat value needs to be further increased, the processor 7 controls the conveying speed of the double-layer conveying frame 4 to be increased through the conveying controller 75 to increase the fuel feeding amount, and controls the air inflow of the air inlet pipe 62 to be increased through the air inlet controller 76 to increase the combustion heat of the combustor; similarly, when the heating value needs to be reduced, the conveying speed and the air input are correspondingly reduced, the heating value and the boiler temperature are effectively controlled, and the response degree of the adjustment performance and the load adjustment of various boiler combustion parameters is improved.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an energy-conserving high-efficient type boiler variable speed combustion system, includes boiler main body (1), is equipped with the combustor in boiler main body (1), and one side of boiler main body (1) is equipped with feeder hopper (3), is equipped with feedstock channel, its characterized in that between feeder hopper (3) and boiler main body (1): the feeding channel comprises a first channel (31) and a second channel (32), a spiral conveyor (33) is arranged in the first channel (31), filter holes (331) are formed in the bottom wall of the spiral conveyor (33), air channels (34) communicated with all the filter holes (331) are arranged below the filter holes (331), a fan (35) is arranged at the starting end of each air channel (34), a first discharging end (36) is arranged at the tail end of each air channel (34), and a second discharging end (37) is arranged at the output end of the spiral conveyor (33); a double-layer conveying frame (4) is arranged in the second channel (32), a first conveying layer (41) corresponding to the first discharging end (36) and a second conveying layer (42) corresponding to the second discharging end (37) are arranged on the double-layer conveying frame (4), and material homogenizing devices (5) are arranged at the tail ends of the first conveying layer (41) and the second conveying layer (42); the burner comprises a first burner (21) and a second burner (22), and a first conveying layer (41) and a second conveying layer (42) are uniformly fed to the first burner (21) and the second burner (22) through a material homogenizing device (5) respectively.

2. The variable-speed combustion system of an energy-saving and high-efficiency boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the utility model discloses a combustor, including first combustor (21), air distribution plate (6) are equipped with in the below of first combustor (21), are equipped with a plurality of air-supply lines (61) on air distribution plate (6), and air-supply line (61) are connected with intake pipe (62), are equipped with first air outlet (611) on the pipe wall of air-supply line (61), and the upper end cover of air-supply line (61) is equipped with hood (63), is equipped with a plurality of second air outlets (64) that are the heliciform and upwards extend the distribution on the global of hood (63).

3. The variable-speed combustion system of an energy-saving and high-efficiency boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: a light blocking piece (65) is arranged in the hood (63), the volume of the blocking piece (65) is matched with that of the hood (63), and the top of the blocking piece (65) is connected with the hood (63) through a light spring (66).

4. The variable-speed combustion system of an energy-saving and high-efficiency boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the boiler temperature collector is characterized by further comprising a processor (7), the input end of the processor (7) is respectively connected with a temperature collector (71), a heat collector (72), a speed collector (73) and an air flow collector (74), the temperature collector (71) is used for collecting boiler temperature, the heat collector (72) is used for collecting heating heat of a combustor, the speed collector (73) is used for collecting conveying speed of the double-layer conveying frame (4), the air flow collector (74) is used for collecting air flow output quantity of the air distribution plate (6), and the output end of the processor (7) is respectively connected with a conveying controller (75) and an air inlet controller (76).

5. The variable-speed combustion system of an energy-saving and high-efficiency boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fan (35) is connected with a conveying motor of the screw conveyor (33) through belt transmission, a heating body (8) is further arranged in the air duct (34), and filter screens (84) are arranged on two sides of the heating body (8).

6. The variable-speed combustion system of an energy-saving and high-efficiency boiler according to claim 5, wherein: the heating body (8) comprises a fixing frame (81), a plurality of rows of heating tubes (82) are arranged on the fixing frame (81), and a ventilation gap (83) is formed between every two adjacent heating tubes (82).

7. The variable-speed combustion system of an energy-saving and high-efficiency boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material homogenizing device (5) comprises a feeding plate (51) which is hinged with the conveying tail end of the double-layer conveying frame (4) and inclines downwards, the tail end of the feeding plate (51) is located above a corresponding combustor, a supporting frame (52) is arranged on a vertical rod of the double-layer conveying frame (4), a supporting rod (53) is arranged on the supporting frame (52), a driving wheel (54) is arranged on the supporting rod (53), the driving wheel (54) is connected with a conveying wheel (43) on the double-layer conveying frame (4) through a synchronous chain (55), a crank (56) is arranged on the driving wheel (54), a push rod (57) is hinged to the end portion of the crank (56), and the other end of the push rod (57) is hinged to the bottom side of the feeding plate (51).

8. The variable-speed combustion system of an energy-saving and high-efficiency boiler according to claim 7, wherein: the tail end of the feeding plate (51) is provided with an upward bent material throwing part (511).