CN114215601B - Method for producing hydrogen by using abandoned oil well - Google Patents
Method for producing hydrogen by using abandoned oil well Download PDFInfo
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- CN114215601B CN114215601B CN202111674629.0A CN202111674629A CN114215601B CN 114215601 B CN114215601 B CN 114215601B CN 202111674629 A CN202111674629 A CN 202111674629A CN 114215601 B CN114215601 B CN 114215601B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 341
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 39
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/16—Modification of mine passages or chambers for storage purposes, especially for liquids or gases
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Industrial Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for producing hydrogen by utilizing waste oil wells, which comprises the following steps: step S10: selecting one of a plurality of abandoned oil wells as a gas production well; step S20: a gas injection wellhead device is connected on the gas injection well casing head in a sealing way; step S30: extracting crude oil cement slurry fluid in the gas injection well by using the continuous oil pipe; step S40: consulting the abandoned oil well exploitation parameter file to acquire the stratum pressure parameter, the crude oil viscosity, the stratum permeability and the like of the communication channel; step S50: performing ignition operation on the communication channel; step S60: introducing steam, combustion-supporting gas and carbon dioxide catalyst into the communication channel through the continuous oil pipe, and step S70: and opening the gas production wellhead device, and sequentially performing heat recovery treatment, purification and dust removal treatment, desulfurization treatment and carbon dioxide capture treatment on the mixed gas discharged from the gas production wellhead device. The invention can effectively solve the problem of resource waste caused by the difficulty in reutilization of the waste oil well in the related technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oilfield exploitation, in particular to a method for producing hydrogen by utilizing waste oil wells.
Background
In the development process of the oil field, because the crude oil resources in the oil layer are exhausted by long-term extraction, the mobility of a large amount of residual crude oil in the oil layer is greatly reduced due to the change of formation pressure and formation permeability, and many oil field blocks lose economic and recoverable values after secondary water injection and oil displacement and tertiary polymer oil displacement, particularly, the crude oil with originally poor mobility of the formation crude oil has high viscosity, the continuous or intermittent artificial lifting and extraction mode is difficult to achieve the minimum recoverable cost requirement, and the normal oil and gas production rule is that the oil well which is extracted by long-term operation enters into production stopping and scrapping, even if huge crude oil resources are still stored in the underground oil layer, the waste of the crude oil resources can be caused if the crude oil resources are not utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for producing hydrogen by utilizing waste oil wells, which aims to solve the problem of resource waste caused by difficulty in reutilization of the waste oil wells in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for producing hydrogen using a abandoned oil well, comprising: step S10: selecting one of a plurality of abandoned oil wells as a gas production well, taking the rest of abandoned oil wells as gas injection wells, laterally drilling a window in the gas injection well to guide the direction of the gas production well, enabling the window to form an inclined shaft to point to a target point on a designed oil layer bottom plate, parallelly drilling along the oil layer bottom plate in the oil layer to form an interwell gas injection and production communication channel for communicating the gas injection well with the gas production well, enabling the communication well to pass through the target point of the oil layer bottom plate from the window of the gas injection well to be communicated with the bottom of the gas production well, and enabling a stratum/an inner shaft communication channel in the oil layer to be of an uncased hole sleeve-free structure; step S20: the method comprises the steps that an original oil extraction wellhead device is replaced by a special high-temperature high-pressure gas injection wellhead device on a gas injection wellhead forming a gas injection and production communication channel, the original oil extraction wellhead device is replaced by a high-temperature high-pressure gas extraction measurement and control wellhead device on a gas extraction wellhead forming the gas injection and production communication channel, a continuous oil pipe penetrates through the gas injection wellhead device through an anti-spray nozzle and stretches into a shaft of the gas injection wellhead, and a gas parameter measurement and control device is arranged on the gas extraction wellhead device;
step S30: extracting crude oil cement slurry fluid in the gas injection well by using a continuous oil pipe, and cleaning and dredging a gas circuit for the gas injection well, the communication channel and the rock debris of the gas production well; step S40: consulting the parameter files of the drilling completion and the exploitation of the abandoned oil well to obtain the stratum pressure parameter, the crude oil viscosity, the stratum permeability and the like of the oil layer of the communication channel; step S50: performing ignition operation on the communication channel; step S60: introducing steam, combustion-supporting gas and carbon dioxide catalyst into the communication channel through the continuous oil pipe, and controlling the injection pressure of the steam, the combustion-supporting gas and the carbon dioxide catalyst to be smaller than the formation pressure of the communication channel; the method comprises the steps of measuring the components of mixed gas at a gas production well through a gas parameter measuring device at the gas production well, and increasing the injection amount of water vapor to enable the percentage of hydrogen in the mixed gas to be between 35% and 70% when the volume percentage of hydrogen in the mixed gas is measured to be lower than 35%; step S70: opening the gas production wellhead device, sequentially performing heat recovery treatment, purification and dust removal treatment, desulfurization treatment, carbon dioxide capture treatment and hydrogen separation treatment on the mixed gas discharged from the gas production wellhead device, and storing the separated hydrogen.
Further, in step S10: the plurality of abandoned oil wells comprise two, one of the abandoned oil wells is selected as a gas injection oil well, the other abandoned oil well is selected as a gas production oil well, and the gas injection oil well and the gas production oil well are communicated; or the plurality of abandoned oil wells comprise at least three, the abandoned oil wells positioned at the middle positions of the plurality of abandoned oil wells are selected as gas production oil wells, the rest abandoned oil wells are all used as gas injection oil wells, and a plurality of gasification communication channels in an oil layer are formed by respectively opening windows from the plurality of gas injection oil wells to the side drilling direction of the gas production well.
Further, in the case where the abandoned oil well includes at least three, the number of the gas injection wells is between 3 and 8, and the inner diameter of the gas production well is not less than 7 inches.
Further, the continuous oil pipe is a double-layer pipe, the continuous oil pipe comprises an outer pipe body and an inner pipe body penetrating through the outer pipe body, combustion-supporting gas, carbon dioxide gas and carbon dioxide catalyst mixed gas circulate in the inner pipe body, and water vapor circulates between the outer pipe body and the inner pipe body.
Further, step S50 includes: step S51: introducing combustion-supporting gas into the inner tube; step S52: measuring the temperature of the gas production wellhead through a gas production wellhead gas parameter measuring device, and stopping introducing combustion-supporting gas when the temperature of the gas production wellhead is greater than 25 ℃; step S53: a plurality of ignition balls are placed in the ignition ball throwing cylinder, combustion-supporting gas is introduced into the inner tube body, the ignition balls are thrown into the oil layer continuous gasification channel through the combustion-supporting high-pressure gas, and the combustion-supporting gas is kept to be continuously introduced.
Further, the combustion-supporting gas can be air, oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen, wherein the oxygen content in the oxygen-enriched air is between 30% and 60%, and the oxygen content in the pure oxygen is more than 95%.
Further, step S30 further includes: measuring the oil-water ratio of the extracted crude oil cement slurry fluid at intervals of a preset time length, wherein when the ratio of the oil-water ratio is more than 7: and 3, stopping extracting.
Further, between step S30 and step S40, the method of producing hydrogen using the abandoned oil well further includes: step S80: and separating crude oil in the extracted crude oil cement slurry fluid, and injecting the separated crude oil into a gas injection oil well through a continuous oil pipe.
Further, in step S60, when the components of the mixed gas at the gas production wellhead are measured, the components of the mixed gas need to be measured for a preset number of times at intervals of a preset time period, the measurement result in the preset number of times is recorded by the control device, the measurement result is analyzed, and when the components of the hydrogen and the carbon monoxide in the mixed gas are continuously reduced, the control device sends an instruction to the coiled tubing driving device, so that the gas outlet section of the coiled tubing moves for a first preset distance in a direction away from the gas production wellhead.
Further, the preset duration is between 5 seconds and 20 seconds, and the preset distance is between 5m and 10 m.
Further, the method for producing hydrogen by using the abandoned oil well further comprises the following steps: step S90: and (2) using the heat energy subjected to heat recovery in the step (S70) for reheating the carbon dioxide stripping and regenerating device, wherein in the step (S100), carbon dioxide gas subjected to carbon dioxide collection treatment is injected into the gas injection wellhead device through the continuous oil pipe. The carbon dioxide is captured and utilized through the action of a carbon dioxide conversion catalyst.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the internal crude oil resource can be fully utilized after the abandoned oil well is reformed, so that a new economic growth point is found for the abandoned oil well. Specifically, the application utilizes crude oil resources in abandoned oil wells by adopting an underground gasification method. Because abandoned oil wells generally extend vertically downwards, underground gasification methods require the manufacture of continuous horizontal channels to ignite and burn crude oil, which is gasified to produce gas with higher economy. It is therefore necessary to drill a communication channel between two vertically extending abandoned oil wells, making the communication channel the primary site for the combustion and gasification of crude oil. The application selects one abandoned oil well as a gas production oil well, the other abandoned oil wells as gas injection oil wells, and adopts inter-well communication gas production oil wells and gas injection oil wells to form an inter-well communication passage for gas flow. The high-temperature high-pressure gas injection wellhead device is arranged at the wellhead of the gas injection well in a replacement mode, and the high-temperature high-pressure gas production measurement and control wellhead device is arranged at the gas production wellhead in a replacement mode, so that the sealing effect on the gas injection well, the continuous channel and the gas production oil well is achieved. In addition, the gas injection well is used for introducing gases such as water vapor, combustion-supporting gas, carbon dioxide catalyst and the like, the pressure, flow and water-oxygen ratio of the gas injection can be controlled through the gas injection well head device, and the pressure regulation in the gas injection well, the continuous channel and the gas production oil well (the gas injection well, the continuous channel and the gas production oil well can form a U-shaped channel) is realized. In addition, the gas injection wellhead device can adjust the inlet amount of gases such as water vapor, combustion-supporting gas and carbon dioxide catalyst and the like and control the combustion degree of crude oil in the communication channel by the inlet pressure, the gas parameter measuring device is arranged in the gas production wellhead device and can measure the mixed gas components at the gas production wellhead, when the volume percentage of hydrogen in the measured mixed gas is lower than 35%, the injection amount of the water vapor is increased so that the percentage of the hydrogen in the mixed gas is between 35% and 70%, the ratio of the hydrogen in the mixed gas generated after the crude oil is combusted is the highest, and therefore the economical efficiency of the mixed gas generated by underground gasification and combustion of the crude oil is improved. The mixed gas exhausted from the gas production wellhead device is subjected to heat recovery treatment, purification and dust removal treatment, desulfurization treatment, carbon dioxide capture treatment and hydrogen separation treatment in sequence, so that the available components in the mixed gas are respectively collected, and the economical efficiency of the mixed gas is further improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a step diagram of a method for producing hydrogen using a abandoned oil well according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the present application provides a method for producing hydrogen using a abandoned oil well, comprising: step S10: selecting one of a plurality of abandoned oil wells as a gas production well, taking the rest of abandoned oil wells as gas injection wells, laterally drilling a window in the gas injection well to guide the direction of the gas production well, enabling the window to form an inclined shaft to point to a target point on a designed oil layer bottom plate, parallelly drilling along the oil layer bottom plate in the oil layer to form an interwell gas injection and production communication channel for communicating the gas injection well with the gas production well, enabling the communication well to pass through the target point of the oil layer bottom plate from the window of the gas injection well to be communicated with the bottom of the gas production well, and enabling a stratum/an inner shaft communication channel in the oil layer to be of an uncased hole sleeve-free structure; step S20: the method comprises the steps that an original oil extraction wellhead device is replaced by a special high-temperature high-pressure gas injection wellhead device on a gas injection wellhead forming a gas injection and production communication channel, the original oil extraction wellhead device is replaced by a high-temperature high-pressure gas extraction measurement and control wellhead device on a gas extraction wellhead forming the gas injection and production communication channel, a continuous oil pipe penetrates through the gas injection wellhead device through an anti-spray nozzle and stretches into a shaft of the gas injection wellhead, and a gas parameter measurement and control device is arranged on the gas extraction wellhead device; step S30: extracting crude oil cement slurry fluid in the gas injection well by using a continuous oil pipe, and cleaning and dredging a gas circuit for the gas injection well, the communication channel and the rock debris of the gas production well; step S40: consulting the parameter files of the drilling completion and the exploitation of the abandoned oil well to obtain the stratum pressure parameter, the crude oil viscosity, the stratum permeability and the like of the oil layer of the communication channel; step S50: performing ignition operation on the communication channel; step S60: introducing steam, combustion-supporting gas and carbon dioxide catalyst into the communication channel through the continuous oil pipe, and controlling the injection pressure of the steam, the combustion-supporting gas and the carbon dioxide catalyst to be smaller than the formation pressure of the communication channel; the method comprises the steps of measuring the components of mixed gas at a gas production well through a gas parameter measuring device at the gas production well, and increasing the injection amount of water vapor to enable the percentage of hydrogen in the mixed gas to be between 35% and 70% when the volume percentage of hydrogen in the mixed gas is measured to be lower than 35%; step S70: opening the gas production wellhead device, sequentially performing heat recovery treatment, purification and dust removal treatment, desulfurization treatment, carbon dioxide capture treatment and hydrogen separation treatment on the mixed gas discharged from the gas production wellhead device, and storing the separated hydrogen.
By applying the technical scheme of the embodiment, the internal crude oil resources can be fully utilized after the abandoned oil well is reformed, so that a new economic growth point is found for the abandoned oil well. Specifically, the application utilizes crude oil resources in abandoned oil wells by adopting an underground gasification method. Because abandoned oil wells generally extend vertically downwards, underground gasification methods require the manufacture of continuous horizontal channels to ignite and burn crude oil, which is gasified to produce gas with higher economy. It is therefore necessary to drill a communication channel between two vertically extending abandoned oil wells, making the communication channel the primary site for the combustion and gasification of crude oil. The application selects one waste oil well as a gas production oil well, the other waste oil wells as gas injection oil wells, and adopts a communication channel to communicate the gas production oil well and the gas injection oil well so as to form a gas flowing passage. The gas injection well head is provided with a gas injection well head device, the gas production well head is connected with the gas production well head device, and the sealing effect on the gas injection well, the continuous channel and the gas production well is realized through the device. In addition, the gas injection well is used for introducing gases such as water vapor, combustion-supporting gas, carbon dioxide catalyst and the like, the pressure of the introduced gases can be controlled through the gas injection well head device, and the pressure regulation in the gas injection well, the continuous channel and the gas production well (the gas injection well, the continuous channel and the gas production well can form a U-shaped channel) is realized. In addition, the gas injection wellhead device can adjust the inlet amount of gases such as water vapor, combustion-supporting gas and carbon dioxide catalyst and the like and control the combustion degree of crude oil in the communication channel by the inlet pressure, the gas parameter measuring device is arranged in the gas production wellhead device and can measure the mixed gas components at the gas production wellhead, when the volume percentage of hydrogen in the measured mixed gas is lower than 35%, the injection amount of the water vapor is increased so that the percentage of the hydrogen in the mixed gas is between 35% and 70%, the ratio of the hydrogen in the mixed gas generated after the crude oil is combusted is the highest, and therefore the economical efficiency of the mixed gas generated by underground gasification and combustion of the crude oil is improved. According to the method, the mixed gas exhausted from the gas production wellhead device is sequentially subjected to heat recovery treatment, purification and dust removal treatment, desulfurization treatment, carbon dioxide capture treatment and hydrogen separation treatment, so that the available components in the mixed gas are respectively collected, and the economical efficiency of the mixed gas is further improved.
All selected abandoned oil wells are aimed at crude oil extraction, and are not suitable for the hydrogen production process requirements of the oil wells, so that the abandoned oil wells need to be modified. The modification process comprises the steps of performing well cementation operation on the abandoned oil well and installing an air injection wellhead device and a gas production wellhead device. In step S10, the cementing operation includes installing production casing in the gas injection well and the gas production well, respectively, and installing casing heads in the production casing, the casing heads being configured to be secured with either the gas injection wellhead or the gas production wellhead. In actual production, if production casings are already installed in the selected gas injection well and gas production well, reinstallation is not required.
Specifically, in the aspect of oil well completion of an oil field, the geological pressure of an oil layer, the sand production condition of the oil layer and the viscosity of crude oil determine the specification of a production sleeve of the oil well completion, and the production sleeve is usually 5 inches (127 mm), or 5-1/2 inches (139.7 mm), or 7 inches (177.8 mm), so that the sleeve structure can carry out oil extraction technical measures on the oil well, such as sand prevention or adjustment of the specification of an oil extraction pipe, and the like, and large drilling technical adjustment work is basically not needed in a vertical well section of the abandoned oil well, so long as two wells are communicated to form a gasification channel through an oil layer horizontal borehole formed by open-window sidetrack drilling between two vertical wells, the method can fully utilize the existing structure in the abandoned oil well in the bottom hole section of the oil extraction well, and reduce the production cost for producing hydrogen by using the method of the application.
In the process of windowing sidetracking, a combined windowing sidetracking tool with the diameter phi of 118mm is adopted to drill a directional guide well on the windowing sidetracking in a production casing according to a deflecting point required by design, a drilling tool is parallel to a bottom plate along 500mm on the bottom plate in an oil layer to form a horizontal communication well, and the horizontal communication well forms a drilling hole with the diameter of 120 mm. When the window is drilled laterally, marking is carried out in a production sleeve of the gas injection well, so that a communication channel formed after the window is drilled laterally extends towards the azimuth of the gas production well, the window is drilled obliquely to point to a target point on an oil layer bottom plate by the middle radius, and the oil layer is drilled in parallel along the oil layer bottom plate (the communication channel is about 500mm away from the oil layer inner bottom plate), so that an interwell gas injection and production communication channel for communicating the gas injection well and the gas production well is formed, and the communication channel is of an uncased hole casing-free structure.
It should be noted that the gas injection shaft is a key of continuous oil pipe gas injection, the directional guiding deflecting at the bottom of the gas injection shaft can reduce the resistance of the continuous gas injection oil pipe at the deflecting section, which is beneficial to the feeding and back pumping of the continuous gas injection pipeline, so that when the oil extraction oil well is used as the gas injection oil well, the technical transformation is needed to be carried out on the oil extraction oil well, the communication channel between multiple wells can be selected for the existing oil extraction oil well, the selected gas injection oil well is laterally drilled with a middle radius deflecting direction to the position of the oil extraction oil well, the communication channel between the oil layer and the bottom of the oil extraction oil well is formed, and the open hole structure is adopted from the window opening window of the gas injection oil well to the bottom of the oil extraction well without cementing.
In addition, if the gas injection well needs to be newly drilled, a well position gas injection well is newly selected to adopt a three-open-well structure, namely, a surface casing well bore is drilled to a depth of 200 meters to 300 meters, and the surface casing well is put into the well; the drilling string of the two-open-technology cased well and the downhole tool vertically enter the one-open-casing well from the wellhead of the one-open-surface-layer casing to drill into the stratum, the downhole drilling tool is directionally inclined at a certain depth on a designed oil layer to guide the azimuth of the gas production oil well at a medium radius, a target stop is designed on the bottom plate of the oil layer when the drilling string and the downhole tool are directionally guided into the oil layer, the technical casing is lowered, and the two-open-wellbore well cementation is performed to form the technical casing directional well; the three-open drill string drives the underground directional guide magnetic butt joint tool drilling tool, the drilling tool enters the two-open well cementation casing shaft to drill into an oil layer, the underground drilling tool is in directional guide drilling along the direction parallel to the bottom plate of the oil layer to butt joint with the bottom of the gas production well, so that a communication channel between the gas injection and production wells is formed, and the open hole structure of the communication channel between the gas injection and production wells is not well cemented (namely, the three-open well is not well cementation with open hole). After the well cementation is carried out at the second opening, a second-level combined casing head is arranged on the surface casing and the technical casing, and a high-temperature high-pressure gas injection wellhead device is connected with the casing head in a flange manner and is used for injecting various oxidant catalysts in the hydrogen production of the oil well.
In step S30, since a large amount of muddy water may be mixed in the crude oil in the abandoned oil well, the crude oil cement slurry fluid in the gas injection well is extracted by using the coiled tubing, and the gas injection well, the communication channel and the gas production well are cleaned to enhance the combustion effect of the crude oil.
In step S40, during normal and shut-in operations, the oil well has complete records of well parameters including a list of well parameters including drilling, completion, logging, test production, extraction, workover, etc., which remain even if the well is abandoned. The formation pressure of the oil well is a part of the oil well file, and determines the extraction production process means adopted in the oil well production. In the process of producing the hydrogen by transferring the oil well into gasification to produce the synthesis gas, maintaining and ensuring the inflow of crude oil in the oil well is an important parameter, and the relationship between the gas injection pressure in the horizontal gasification channel of the oil layer and the geological pressure of the oil layer is important. Specifically, in step S60: in the process of introducing steam, combustion-supporting gas and carbon dioxide catalyst into the communication channel through the coiled tubing, injection pressure of the steam, the combustion-supporting gas and the carbon dioxide catalyst needs to be controlled to be smaller than formation pressure of the communication channel.
The method has the greatest difficulty in controlling balance among three flow states, namely controlling crude oil/water in the oil layer to flow to crude oil in a continuous channel, and synchronously gasifying the entering crude oil when an oxidation catalyst is injected, so that water filling in a gasification cavity is avoided due to large injection amount; secondly, controlling the flow and the content of various combustion-supporting gases, carbon dioxide gas, carbon dioxide catalysts and water vapor injected from a gas injection wellhead, ensuring that crude oil is fully gasified in a continuous channel, and controlling the effective components in the synthesis gas during the gasification of the crude oil according to design and control targets; thirdly, the flow, pressure and components of the synthesis gas to be controlled at the gas production wellhead are realized according to control targets, the relation among the three is realized by carrying out real-time online data acquisition, calculation, analysis and decision-making on the gas through the gas production measurement control wellhead and a measurement and control computer, and the control instruction of the measurement and control computer is executed by the change of injection parameters at the gas injection side.
In the present embodiment, in step S10: the plurality of abandoned oil wells comprises two, one of the abandoned oil wells is selected as a gas injection oil well, and the other abandoned oil well is selected as a gas production oil well, and the gas injection oil well and the gas production oil well are communicated.
Of course, in other embodiments not shown in the figures, the plurality of abandoned oil wells may further include at least three, the abandoned oil well located at the middle position of the plurality of abandoned oil wells is selected as a gas production oil well, the remaining abandoned oil wells are all used as gas injection oil wells, and communication channels are formed by respectively sidetracking the plurality of gas injection oil wells to the gas production well. In the case of a gas production well comprising at least three, the number of gas injection wells is between 3 and 8, and the wellbore inside diameter of the gas production well is 7 inches (177.8 mm or more diameter). The term "intermediate position" as used herein refers to a position other than the midpoint of the connection between two abandoned oil wells, and is an oil well located relatively close to the intermediate position of the central point among the distribution of a plurality of adjacent oil wells, and the distances from the other oil wells are relatively equal.
In this embodiment, the coiled tubing is a double-layer tube, and the coiled tubing comprises an outer tube body and an inner tube body penetrating through the outer tube body, wherein combustion-supporting gas, carbon dioxide gas and carbon dioxide catalyst mixed gas circulate in the inner tube body, and water vapor circulates between the outer tube body and the inner tube body. The rotary nozzle is arranged at the tail end opening of the continuous oil pipe, and when gas and steam are injected, the rotary nozzle can spray atomized liquid drops into the continuous channel, and the reaction efficiency of the original combustion gasification can be improved through the structure.
In the present embodiment, step S50 includes: step S51: introducing combustion-supporting gas into the inner tube; step S52: measuring the temperature of the gas production well head by a gas parameter measuring device, and stopping introducing combustion-supporting gas when the temperature of the gas production well head is higher than 25 ℃; step S53: a plurality of ignition balls are placed in the ignition ball throwing cylinder, combustion-supporting gas is introduced into the inner tube body, the ignition balls are thrown into the oil layer continuous gasification channel through the combustion-supporting gas, and the combustion-supporting gas is kept to be continuously introduced. Specifically, in this embodiment, the combustion-supporting gas may be air, oxygen-enriched air, or pure oxygen, where the oxygen content in the oxygen-enriched air is between 30% and 60%, and the oxygen content in the pure oxygen is above 95%. In this example, the temperature of the injected water vapor is 300 ℃, and the temperature of the combustion-supporting gas is normal temperature.
In this embodiment, step S30 further includes: measuring the oil-water ratio of the extracted crude oil cement slurry fluid at intervals of a preset time length, wherein when the ratio of the oil-water ratio is more than 7: and 3, stopping extracting. The structure can improve the crude oil content in the gas injection well, the continuous channel and the gas production well, thereby playing a good role in gasifying and burning crude oil.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the method of producing hydrogen using a abandoned oil well between step S30 and step S40 further includes: step S80: and separating crude oil in the extracted crude oil cement slurry fluid, and injecting the separated crude oil into a gas injection oil well through a continuous oil pipe. The method can avoid waste of crude oil and improve the economy of the method for producing hydrogen by using the waste oil well.
In this embodiment, in step S60, when the components of the mixed gas at the gas production wellhead are measured, the components of the mixed gas need to be measured for a preset number of times at intervals of a preset duration, the measurement result in the preset number of times is recorded by the control device, the measurement result is analyzed, and when the components of the hydrogen and the carbon monoxide in the mixed gas are continuously reduced, the control device sends an instruction to the coiled tubing driving device, so that the gas outlet section of the coiled tubing moves a first preset distance towards a direction away from the gas production wellhead. When the components of the mixed gas at the gas production wellhead are measured, the components of the mixed gas are automatically measured at preset sampling intervals at preset intervals, decisions are made by calculating and analyzing the collected data of the gas production measurement and control wellhead device, each time the measured data is compared with the maximum data of the effective component (hydrogen) of the comet in the measurement and control computer, the computer configured by the gas production measurement and control wellhead device sends decision control instructions to gas injection equipment related to the gas injection side, and further adjusts and controls related gas injection parameters or when the components of the hydrogen and the carbon monoxide in the mixed gas continuously decrease and the water content continuously increases, the sampling rate is accelerated, and when the judgment trend is consistent, the measurement and control computer sends instructions to the continuous oil pipe driving device, and the gas injection point position of the continuous oil pipe is pumped back, so that the gas outlet end port of the continuous oil pipe moves back by a preset distance towards the direction away from the gas production well.
In this embodiment, the preset maximum period of time is 180 seconds, the preset sampling rates of the gas production wellhead data are 5s,10s,15s and 20s are adjustable, and the preset distance is between 5m and 10 m.
The length of the withdrawal displacement of the coiled tubing is relatively large each time, but the interval for moving the coiled tubing is relatively long. The large displacement is to ensure the content of crude oil in the communication channel (the longer the length of the communication channel communicated with the gas production oil well is, the more the content of crude oil permeates into the communication channel), the crude oil continuously permeates into the communication channel in the formation while continuously gasifying, the content of the crude oil in the communication channel needs to be controlled, and the communication channel is prevented from being blocked due to the fact that the amount of the crude oil entering the well communication channel is too large. Once the continuous channel is blocked, the air pressure in the continuous channel is too high, so that a large amount of crude oil is not completely gasified and flows into the gas production wellhead device or the gas injection wellhead device, and the production cost is increased and the cleaning difficulty of the device is increased.
It should be noted that if the water content of crude oil in the oil layer is higher than the parameters measured and set before start-up during oil layer gasification, the injection amount of water vapor needs to be reduced, and the gas injection pressure is increased, so as to reduce the water content at the gas production wellhead and ensure normal operation of crude oil combustion gasification.
In this embodiment, the method for producing hydrogen using a abandoned oil well further comprises: step S90: and (2) using the heat energy subjected to heat recovery in the step (S70) for reheating the carbon dioxide stripping and regenerating device, wherein in the step (S100), carbon dioxide gas subjected to carbon dioxide collection treatment is injected into the gas injection wellhead device through the continuous oil pipe. According to the method, carbon dioxide gas is re-injected into the continuous channel, and carbon elements are provided for subsequent mixed gas generation, so that the emission rate of carbon dioxide can be greatly reduced, the carbon dioxide is immediately put into use after being recovered, and the whole system is free from arranging carbon dioxide storage equipment, so that the method is environment-friendly and beneficial to reducing the production cost.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for producing hydrogen from a abandoned oil well, comprising:
step S10: selecting one of a plurality of abandoned oil wells as a gas production oil well, taking the rest abandoned oil wells as gas injection oil wells, forming a communication channel which is communicated with the gas injection oil well and the gas production oil well by sidetrack drilling in the gas injection oil well, and performing well cementation operation on the gas production oil well and the gas injection oil well, wherein the communication channel is of an open hole sleeve-free structure;
step S20: the method comprises the steps that a gas injection wellhead device is connected to a gas injection well casing head after well cementation operation is completed in a sealing mode, a gas production wellhead device is connected to a gas production well casing head after well cementation operation is completed in a sealing mode, a continuous oil pipe penetrates through the gas injection wellhead device through an anti-spraying nozzle and stretches into a shaft of the gas injection wellhead, and a gas parameter measurement and control device is arranged on the gas production wellhead device;
step S30: and (3) extracting crude oil cement slurry fluid in the gas injection well by using the continuous oil pipe, cleaning the gas injection well, the communication channel and the gas production well, measuring the oil-water ratio of the extracted crude oil cement slurry fluid at intervals of preset time, and when the ratio of the oil-water ratio is more than 7:3, stopping extracting;
separating crude oil in the extracted crude oil cement slurry fluid, and injecting the separated crude oil into the gas injection well through the continuous oil pipe;
step S40: consulting the abandoned oil well exploitation parameter file to obtain the stratum pressure parameter, the crude oil viscosity and the stratum permeability of the communication channel;
step S50: performing ignition operation on the communication channel;
step S60: introducing steam, combustion-supporting gas and a carbon dioxide catalyst into the communication channel through a continuous oil pipe, and controlling the injection pressure of the steam, the combustion-supporting gas and the carbon dioxide catalyst to be smaller than the formation pressure of the communication channel; the method comprises the steps of measuring the components of mixed gas at a gas production well through a gas parameter measuring device at the gas production well, and increasing the injection amount of water vapor to enable the percentage of hydrogen in the mixed gas to be between 35% and 70% when the volume percentage of hydrogen in the mixed gas is measured to be lower than 35%;
step S70: and opening the gas production wellhead device, sequentially performing heat recovery treatment, purification and dust removal treatment, desulfurization treatment, carbon dioxide capture treatment and hydrogen separation treatment on the mixed gas discharged from the gas production wellhead device, and storing the separated hydrogen.
2. The method for producing hydrogen using abandoned oil well according to claim 1, wherein in step S10:
the plurality of abandoned oil wells comprise two, one of the abandoned oil wells is selected as a gas injection oil well, the other abandoned oil well is selected as a gas production oil well, and the gas injection oil well and the gas production oil well are communicated; or,
the plurality of abandoned oil wells comprise at least three abandoned oil wells, the abandoned oil wells positioned at the middle positions of the plurality of abandoned oil wells are selected as gas production oil wells, the rest abandoned oil wells are all used as gas injection oil wells, and communication channels are formed by respectively drilling from the plurality of gas injection oil wells to the open window side of the gas production well.
3. The method of producing hydrogen using abandoned oil wells according to claim 2 wherein the number of gas injection wells is between 3 and 8, the inner diameter of the gas production wells being greater than or equal to 7 inches, in the case where the gas production wells comprise at least three.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the coiled tubing is a double-layer tubing, the coiled tubing comprises an outer tube body and an inner tube body penetrating the outer tube body, the combustion-supporting gas, the carbon dioxide gas and the carbon dioxide catalyst mixture gas are circulated in the inner tube body, and the water vapor is circulated between the outer tube body and the inner tube body.
5. The method for producing hydrogen using abandoned oil well according to claim 4, wherein said step S50 comprises:
step S51: introducing combustion-supporting gas into the inner tube;
step S52: measuring the temperature of the gas production well head by a gas parameter measuring device, and stopping introducing combustion-supporting gas when the temperature of the gas production well head is higher than 25 ℃;
step S53: and a plurality of ignition balls are placed in the ignition ball throwing cylinder, combustion-supporting gas is introduced into the inner pipe, the ignition balls are thrown into the communication channel through the combustion-supporting gas, and the combustion-supporting gas is kept to be continuously introduced.
6. The method for producing hydrogen using abandoned oil well according to claim 1, wherein the combustion-supporting gas is air, oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen, wherein the oxygen content in the oxygen-enriched air is between 30% and 60%, and the oxygen content in the pure oxygen is above 95%.
7. The method for producing hydrogen using abandoned oil well according to claim 1, wherein, in said step S60,
when the components of the mixed gas at the gas production well head are measured, the components of the mixed gas are measured for preset times at intervals of preset time, the measurement results in the preset times are recorded by the control device, the measurement results are analyzed, and when the components of the hydrogen and the carbon monoxide in the mixed gas are continuously reduced, the control device sends an instruction to the continuous oil pipe driving device, so that the gas outlet section of the continuous oil pipe moves for a first preset distance towards the direction away from the gas production well.
8. The method of producing hydrogen from abandoned oil wells according to claim 7 wherein the preset time period is between 5 seconds and 20 seconds and the preset distance is between 5m and 10 m.
9. The method of producing hydrogen using a waste oil well of claim 1, further comprising:
step S90: the heat energy subjected to heat recovery in the step S70 is used for reheating of the carbon dioxide stripping regeneration device,
and S100, injecting the carbon dioxide gas after the carbon dioxide collection treatment into the gas injection wellhead device through the continuous oil pipe.
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