CN114215558A - Plugging method for near-flooding civil mining roadway of tailing pond - Google Patents
Plugging method for near-flooding civil mining roadway of tailing pond Download PDFInfo
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- CN114215558A CN114215558A CN202111446777.7A CN202111446777A CN114215558A CN 114215558 A CN114215558 A CN 114215558A CN 202111446777 A CN202111446777 A CN 202111446777A CN 114215558 A CN114215558 A CN 114215558A
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003487 anti-permeability effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTKDAFGWCDAMPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N azaperone Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)CCCN1CCN(C=2N=CC=CC=2)CC1 XTKDAFGWCDAMPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/103—Dams, e.g. for ventilation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a plugging method of a near flooding civil mining roadway of a tailing pond, which comprises the following steps: calculating the overall length of the plug according to a wedge-shaped calculation method and a theoretical calculation method of a rectangular water-stop wall, and taking the maximum value of the calculation method as the total length of the plug; secondly, selecting a plugging position, arranging a supporting section and an anti-seepage section at the position of a cave opening, and arranging a plugging section in the cave; thirdly, firstly adopting shotcrete I to support in the supporting section, then adopting shotcrete II and reinforced concrete to support, arranging composite geotextile on the supporting surface, and arranging a waterproof plate on the composite geotextile; the anti-seepage section is embedded into the roadway through a reinforced concrete upright closed wall and is subjected to waterproof treatment; fifthly, filling the roadway with concrete; sixthly, forming a plurality of wedge-shaped closed walls on the plugging section, and performing waterproof treatment; and the laneways among the wedge-shaped closed walls use the waste steel rails as tie bars to be embedded into the periphery of the rock mass, and the anti-slide piles are formed after concrete filling. The invention can ensure the safe operation of the tailing pond.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tailing pond treatment, in particular to a plugging method for a near flooding civil mining roadway of a tailing pond.
Background
The tailing pond is a place for discharging residual waste materials or other industrial waste residues after the separation of stockpiled metal or nonmetal mine ores. A reasonable drainage system is arranged in the tailing pond, so that flood and tailing clarified water collected in the pond can be conveniently drained. If the drainage system of the tailing pond is locally collapsed, the damage can cause the following serious consequences: if a damaged part occurs in the tailing pond, because the buried depth of the tailing sand is large, the water level is high, and the saturated tailing sand in the tailing pond flows downstream along a drainage pipeline under the action of water power, so that a downstream river channel is possibly polluted, personal safety and property safety of downstream residents are threatened, and the safety of the whole tailing pond is threatened; if the damage part occurs in the outer slope of the accumulation dam, when the water pressure in the reservoir is greater than the covering pressure of the outer slope of the accumulation dam, piping can occur in the outer slope of the accumulation dam under the action of the water pressure in the drainage pipeline, and then accidents such as collapse and dam break of the tailing reservoir are caused.
At present, a lot of research is carried out on damage and plugging of a drainage system of a tailing pond, but due to historical reasons, some civil mining nearby the tailing pond is seriously damaged, and some near-flooded civil mining roadways need to be plugged in time to guarantee safe operation of the tailing pond, so that plugging of the civil mining roadways is an important subject in the field of safe operation of the tailing pond.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a plugging method for a near-flooding civil mining roadway of a tailing pond, which can ensure the safe operation of the tailing pond.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a plugging method of a near flooding civil mining roadway of a tailing pond, which comprises the following steps:
calculating the overall length of the plug according to a wedge-shaped calculation method and a theoretical calculation method of a rectangular water-stop wall, and taking the maximum value of the calculation method as the total length of the plug;
secondly, selecting a plugging position, sequentially arranging a supporting section and an anti-seepage section at a cave opening, and arranging a plugging section in the cave;
thirdly, firstly adopting shotcrete I to support the supporting section, then adopting shotcrete II and reinforced concrete to support, arranging composite geotextile on the supporting surface, arranging a waterproof board on the composite geotextile, and fixing the geotextile by cement shooting nails;
fourthly, embedding the anti-seepage section into a roadway by using a reinforced concrete upright closed wall body, and performing waterproof treatment;
fifthly, filling the roadway with concrete;
sixthly, forming a plurality of wedge-shaped closed walls on the plugging section by adopting an annular wedge-shaped reinforced concrete structure, and performing waterproof treatment; and the laneways among the wedge-shaped closed walls use the waste steel rails as tie bars to be embedded into the periphery of the rock mass, and the anti-slide piles are formed after concrete filling.
The wedge-shaped calculation method in the step comprises the following steps of calculating according to the conditions of compression resistance, shear resistance, permeability resistance and impact cutting resistance:
calculating according to the compression resistance condition:
in the formula:B-enclosure wall thickness in meters; r is the radius of the closed wall with the cylindrical structure, and the unit meter; f. ofc-design value of concrete compressive strength, MPa; p is hydrostatic pressure, MPa, designed on the closed wall;
calculating according to the shear strength:
in the formula: a. b, the section size of the roadway is unit meter; f. ofv-design shear strength of concrete, MPa;
thirdly, calculating according to the anti-permeability condition:
in the formula:Kthe impermeability coefficient of the concrete, K =0.000015~0.000035, and K = 0.00002; h isab-hydrostatic head height, m;
calculating according to the punching conditions:
the theoretical calculation method of the rectangular waterproof wall in the step refers to thickness calculation according to bonding strength:
in the formula:B-enclosure wall thickness in meters; lambda is the overload coefficient, and 1.2 is taken; a, roadway width in meters; b-roadway height, unit meter; m is the coefficient of the working condition, and 1.0 is taken; n is the ratio of the bonding strength to the shearing strength, and is taken as 0.8; h-unit pressure acting on the retaining wall, MPa; tau-is the allowable shear strength of the sealing material, MPa, and is calculated according to 17% of the compressive strength of the minimum data of the shotcrete test.
The length of the support section and the anti-seepage section in the second step is 2/5 for blocking the total length.
The length of the plugging section in the second step is 3/5 of the total plugging length.
And in the step three, the composite geotextile is composed of geotextile, HDPE geomembrane and geotextile.
The step four and the waterproof treatment in the step sixteenth mean that waterglass and cement are used for plugging, wherein the amount of the waterglass is 2.5% of the amount of the cement.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention adopts a comprehensive plugging method integrating plugging, seepage prevention and supporting, has high integration level and simple and convenient construction, and recycles waste materials.
2. The invention fully utilizes the actual engineering conditions of tunnel geology, concave-convex conditions, safety and the like, integrates water prevention, seepage prevention, corrosion prevention and high strength, and can ensure the safe operation of the tailing pond.
3. The method comprehensively utilizes experimental data and various empirical formulas without direct reference experience, and provides reference for similar civil mining roadway plugging.
Drawings
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the plugging structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the portion A of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the portion B of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the portion C of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the region D in the present invention.
In the figure: 1-one port; 21-sprayed concrete I; 22-sprayed concrete II; 3-composite geotextile; 4-waterproof board; 5-cement shooting nail; 6-reinforced concrete; 7-a reinforced concrete vertical closed wall body; 8-wedge-shaped closed walls; 9-anti-slide pile; and 10, waterproofing treatment.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a method for plugging a near flooding civil mining roadway of a tailing pond comprises the following steps:
calculating the whole plugging length according to a wedge-shaped calculation method and a theoretical calculation method of a rectangular water-stop wall, and taking the maximum value of the calculation method as the total plugging length.
Wherein: the wedge calculation method is respectively calculated according to the conditions of compression resistance, shear resistance, permeability resistance and shear resistance:
calculating according to the compression resistance condition:
in the formula:B-enclosure wall thickness in meters; r is the radius of the closed wall with the cylindrical structure, and the unit meter; f. ofc-design value of concrete compressive strength, MPa; p is hydrostatic pressure, MPa, designed on the closed wall;
calculating according to the shear strength:
in the formula: a. b, the section size of the roadway is unit meter; f. ofv-design shear strength of concrete, MPa;
thirdly, calculating according to the anti-permeability condition:
in the formula:Kthe impermeability coefficient of the concrete, K =0.000015~0.000035, and K = 0.00002; h isab-hydrostatic head height, m;
calculating according to the punching conditions:
the theoretical calculation method of the rectangular water-stop wall is to calculate the thickness according to the bonding strength:
in the formula:B-enclosure wall thickness in meters; lambda is the overload coefficient, and 1.2 is taken; a, roadway width in meters; b-roadway height, unit meter; m is the coefficient of the working condition, and 1.0 is taken; n is the ratio of the bonding strength to the shearing strength, and is taken as 0.8; h-unit pressure acting on the retaining wall, MPa; tau-is the allowable shear strength of the sealing material, MPa, and is calculated according to 17% of the compressive strength of the minimum data of the shotcrete test.
And selecting a plugging position according to conditions such as roadway geology, concave-convex conditions, safety and the like.
Position selection principle:
firstly, the position of a wall body is in a tunnel needing to be closed; secondly, the position of the wall body is positioned on the surrounding rock, the overall stability is good, drilling holes and cracks are avoided, water burst and sand burst are prevented, and the safety is ensured; thirdly, the closed wall is selected in a section with larger concave-convex fluctuation change at the periphery of the roadway, and the sliding resistance of the closed wall is increased by utilizing the concave-convex fluctuation of the roadway; and fourthly, the closed wall is selected in a section with better safety, the construction is convenient, and the engineering quantity is reduced as much as possible.
In order to meet the requirements of the integral anti-sliding, anti-shearing, anti-cracking and anti-seepage functions and safety of the underground closed wall body or the well plug, a supporting section and an anti-seepage section are sequentially arranged at a cave mouth 1, and a plugging section is arranged in the cave.
Wherein: the length of the supporting section and the seepage-proofing section is 2/5 of the total plugging length. The length of the occlusion segment is 3/5 of the total occlusion length.
Thirdly, firstly adopting the sprayed concrete I21 to support in the supporting section, then adopting the sprayed concrete II 22 and the reinforced concrete 6 to support, and arranging the composite geotextile 3 on the supporting surface to perform anti-seepage treatment. The composite geotextile 3 is provided with a waterproof board 4 and is fixed by a cement shooting nail 5.
Wherein: the composite geotextile 3 is composed of geotextile, HDPE geomembrane and geotextile.
The HDPE anti-seepage film is made of high-quality high-density polyethylene primary resin by adopting a co-extrusion technology, has high-efficiency molecular density, extremely low liquid permeability and excellent anti-seepage effect; moreover, the HDPE impermeable membrane has light weight, is convenient to transport, is paved with high flexibility on site, and can meet the requirements of different construction sites. The geotextile is used as a protective layer of the geomembrane and protects the impermeable layer from being damaged.
And the anti-seepage section is embedded into the roadway by adopting a reinforced concrete vertical closed wall body 7 and is subjected to waterproof treatment 10.
Wherein: the seepage-proofing section adopts reinforced concrete upright closed wall 7 with the tensile strength of 6 KPa.
The waterproof treatment 10 means that water glass and cement are adopted for plugging, wherein the mixing amount of the water glass is 2.5 percent of the using amount of the cement.
And fifthly, filling the roadway with concrete.
Sixthly, forming a plurality of wedge-shaped closed walls 8 in the plugging section by adopting an annular wedge-shaped reinforced concrete structure, and performing waterproof treatment 10, wherein the waterproof treatment 10 is the same as the fourth step; and the laneways among the wedge-shaped closed walls 8 are embedded into the periphery of the rock body by using the waste steel rails as tie bars, and form the anti-slide piles 9 after being filled with concrete.
The waterproof principle of the wall body of the invention is as follows:
because the water and the tailings are required to be plugged together, the strength and seepage-proofing requirements of the sealing project are higher than those of a common water-stop wall and a common waterproof door of a mine; in the closed engineering, the tailings are deposited at the later stage of the discharge of the tailing pond, and are cured layer by layer upwards, so that the bearing pressure is large; the underground closed engineering is a permanent structure, and the wall body has the function of resisting tailing reservoir water and is required to have a longer service life. Therefore, three anti-seepage measures are adopted to prevent the problems that the tailings and water seep into the blocked roadway and the like. The first is a cement wall, the second is a composite geomembrane (two cloth and one film) and a water retaining plate, and the third is a water retaining wall (see figure 3). The three protective measures integrate seepage prevention and drainage and have the advantages of high strength, puncture resistance, aging resistance, acid and alkali resistance, water and soil loss prevention and the like. Through the implementation of the engineering, the safe operation of the tailing pond can be guaranteed.
Examples
And carrying out 1901 ten thousand m high planting on the designed storage capacity of a tailing pond with the dam height of 153m and the height of the stacking dam height of 1510 m. The final dam height after project extension is 1545m, and the final dam height is 188 m.
When the plugging engineering is implemented, the height of a stacking dam of a tailing pond reaches 1489 m; the roadway is close to civil mining roadway, one part of the roadway is located at 60m of the southeast side of the tailing pond, the elevation of the tunnel mouth is 1495m, the other part of the abandoned prospecting roadway is located at 15m of the southeast side of the tailing pond, the elevation of the roadway mouth is 1490m, the roadway mouth is close to a small mine nearby, the roadway is submerged at any time according to the discharge amount of tailings, if the roadway is not permanently plugged, the tailing pond runs with diseases, and once an accident occurs, the consequence is unreasonable. Therefore, the permanent plugging is carried out on the civil mining roadway by adopting the method, the tailing pond runs safely for 7 years after the plugging engineering is implemented, and the plugging engineering and the tailing pond facility run well.
Claims (7)
1. A plugging method for a near-flooded civil mining roadway of a tailing pond comprises the following steps:
calculating the overall length of the plug according to a wedge-shaped calculation method and a theoretical calculation method of a rectangular water-stop wall, and taking the maximum value of the calculation method as the total length of the plug;
secondly, selecting a plugging position, sequentially arranging a supporting section and an anti-seepage section at the cave mouth (1), and arranging a plugging section in the cave;
thirdly, firstly adopting shotcrete I (21) to support the supporting section, then adopting shotcrete II (22) and reinforced concrete (6) to support, arranging composite geotextile (3) on the supporting surface, arranging waterproof boards (4) on the composite geotextile (3), and fixing the waterproof boards through cement shooting nails (5);
fourthly, embedding the anti-seepage section into a roadway by using a reinforced concrete vertical closed wall (7) and performing waterproof treatment (10);
fifthly, filling the roadway with concrete;
sixthly, forming a plurality of wedge-shaped closed walls (8) on the plugging section by adopting an annular wedge-shaped reinforced concrete structure, and performing waterproof treatment (10); and the laneways among the wedge-shaped closed walls (8) are embedded into the periphery of the rock body by using the waste steel rails as tie bars, and form the anti-slide piles (9) after being filled with concrete.
2. The plugging method for the near-flooded civil mining roadway of the tailing pond of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the wedge-shaped calculation method in the step comprises the following steps of calculating according to the conditions of compression resistance, shear resistance, permeability resistance and impact cutting resistance:
calculating according to the compression resistance condition:
in the formula:B-enclosure wall thickness in meters; r is the radius of the closed wall with the cylindrical structure, and the unit meter; f. ofc-design value of concrete compressive strength, MPa; p is hydrostatic pressure, MPa, designed on the closed wall;
calculating according to the shear strength:
in the formula: a. b-size of section of tunnelPositioning rice; f. ofv-design shear strength of concrete, MPa;
thirdly, calculating according to the anti-permeability condition:
in the formula:Kthe impermeability coefficient of the concrete, K =0.000015~0.000035, and K = 0.00002; h isab-hydrostatic head height, in meters;
calculating according to the punching conditions:
3. the plugging method for the near-flooded civil mining roadway of the tailing pond of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the theoretical calculation method of the rectangular waterproof wall in the step refers to thickness calculation according to bonding strength:
in the formula:B-enclosure wall thickness in meters; lambda is the overload coefficient, and 1.2 is taken; a, roadway width in meters; b-roadway height, unit meter; m is the coefficient of the working condition, and 1.0 is taken; n is the ratio of the bonding strength to the shearing strength, and is taken as 0.8; h-unit pressure acting on the retaining wall, MPa; tau-is the allowable shear strength of the sealing material, MPa, and is calculated according to 17% of the compressive strength of the minimum data of the shotcrete test.
4. The plugging method for the near-flooded civil mining roadway of the tailing pond of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the length of the support section and the anti-seepage section in the second step is 2/5 for blocking the total length.
5. The plugging method for the near-flooded civil mining roadway of the tailing pond of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the length of the plugging section in the second step is 3/5 of the total plugging length.
6. The plugging method for the near-flooded civil mining roadway of the tailing pond of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and in the step three, the composite geotextile (3) is composed of geotextile, HDPE geomembrane and geotextile.
7. The plugging method for the near-flooded civil mining roadway of the tailing pond of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the step four and the waterproof treatment (10) in the step sixteenth mean that water glass and cement are used for plugging, wherein the amount of the water glass is 2.5% of the amount of the cement.
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|---|---|
| CN114215558B (en) | 2023-10-10 |
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