CN114214850A - Washing-free polyester dyeing method - Google Patents
Washing-free polyester dyeing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114214850A CN114214850A CN202111608052.3A CN202111608052A CN114214850A CN 114214850 A CN114214850 A CN 114214850A CN 202111608052 A CN202111608052 A CN 202111608052A CN 114214850 A CN114214850 A CN 114214850A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/16—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dispersed, e.g. acetate, dyestuffs
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
- D06P1/642—Compounds containing nitrogen
- D06P1/6424—Compounds containing isocyanate or isothiocyanate groups
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
- D06P1/67333—Salts or hydroxides
- D06P1/6735—Salts or hydroxides of alkaline or alkaline-earth metals with anions different from those provided for in D06P1/67341
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/34—Material containing ester groups
- D06P3/52—Polyesters
- D06P3/54—Polyesters using dispersed dyestuffs
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
- D06P5/02—After-treatment
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Abstract
The invention relates to a washing-free polyester dyeing method, which comprises the following steps: (1) soaking the terylene grey cloth in caustic soda solution, and then sequentially carrying out water washing, soaping and high-temperature setting treatment; (2) mixing and stirring uniformly disperse dye, water, dispersant and leveling agent, and grinding until the dye particles are in a nano level to obtain primary pulp; diluting the primary pulp with water, then adding a thickening agent and a surfactant, and uniformly stirring to obtain thick pulp; diluting the thick slurry with water, and then adding a thickening agent, a dispersing agent and a surfactant to obtain a dyeing pad dye; (3) pad dyeing; (4) baking; (5) circulating air and exhausting air; (6) and (5) shaping a finished product. The dyeing method provided by the invention can ensure that the terylene is not washed after being dyed, thereby greatly reducing sewage discharge, enabling waste gas discharge to meet the standard, being energy-saving and environment-friendly, and enabling the prepared finished product to have high dye uptake, good color fastness and good hand feeling, and to achieve the quality required by the market.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polyester dyeing, and particularly relates to a washing-free polyester dyeing method.
Background
The polyester fiber is difficult to dye due to high polymerization degree, large molecular weight and compact structure, dye is difficult to enter the inside of polyester molecules, and no group capable of reacting with the dye exists in the molecules, and the most common method is to use high temperature and high pressure (130 ℃, 2 kg/cm)2Pressure) method or baking at about 220 ℃ by hot melting methodThe dye is carried into the interior of the fiber for dyeing. But then a large amount of caustic soda, sodium hydrosulfite, reducing cleaning agent and water are used for cleaning. The method needs about 40 tons of water for preparing one ton of polyester fabric and needs to be shaped and dried, which is not beneficial to environmental protection and energy conservation. Therefore, the dyeing process is optimized, and a dyeing method which is more environment-friendly and energy-saving is inevitably researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water-washing-free polyester dyeing method, which can ensure that the polyester is not washed with water after being dyed, greatly reduces sewage discharge, ensures that waste gas discharge meets the standard, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and ensures that the prepared finished product has high dye uptake, good color fastness and good hand feeling and can reach the quality required by the market.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a washing-free polyester dyeing method comprises the following steps:
(1) polyester fiber treatment: placing the terylene grey cloth in caustic soda solution with the concentration of 20-200g/L for soaking for 30-90s, preferably 200g/L for soaking for 30s, and then sequentially carrying out water washing, soaping and high-temperature setting at 220 ℃ for 30s after the completion to obtain pretreated terylene;
the polyester fiber has two parts of a skin layer and a core layer, the skin layer is very compact, and the dye is difficult to enter below 180 ℃. Firstly, carrying out pretreatment by using caustic soda, and optimally soaking the polyester for 30s by using the caustic soda with the concentration of 200g/L through repeated comparison as shown in the following table, wherein the polyester surface is slightly damaged at the moment, and the polyester surface has uneven nicks.
TABLE 1
| Serial number | Concentration of caustic soda | Temperature of | Time | Skin layer denudation condition | Weight change |
| ① | 20g/L | 102℃ | 90s | Slight denudation of the cortex | -0.5％ |
| ② | 50g/L | 102℃ | 90s | Obvious skin layer denudation | -1.5％ |
| ③ | 100g/L | At normal temperature | 90s | Has the phenomenon of denudation | -1％ |
| ④ | 150g/L | At normal temperature | 90s | Apparent degradation | -2％ |
| ⑤ | 180g/L | At normal temperature | 90s | Obvious skin layer denudation | -3％ |
| ⑥ | 200g/L | At normal temperature | 60s | Severe denudation of the cortex | -3.5％ |
| ⑦ | 200g/L | At normal temperature | 30s | General denudation of the cortex | -2％ |
As can be seen from the table above, when 50g/L of caustic soda is used for steaming at 102 ℃ for 1min, the surface of the terylene is obviously degraded, the skin layer becomes thin, the disperse dye easily enters the core layer, and the color yield is large. However, steam is used, so that the energy consumption is large, and the energy-saving principle is not met. When the concentration of caustic soda is 180g/L and the temperature is 90s, the terylene is obviously degraded, the weight is reduced by 3 percent, the weight loss of the terylene is too large, and the square meter weight gram is influenced. The time is 90s, the efficiency is low; when caustic soda is used for 200g/L concentration, the aim of peeling a thin skin layer is achieved only by 30s at normal temperature, the efficiency is greatly improved, the energy is saved (because the caustic soda is concentrated, a back tank is flushed by hot water at 50-60 ℃, and light alkali is recovered), and then the polyester fiber is subjected to hot washing and soaping, oil impurities are removed, uneven nicks are left on the surface of the polyester fiber, the surface area is increased, the thickness of a dye layer is reduced, disperse dye is easy to enter, and the color yield is deep.
The polyester fiber is formed by condensation polymerization of 85% of dihydric alcohol and terephthalic acid, and the crystallinity is about 60%. The amorphous region is only 40%, and only the amorphous region is allowed to enter the disperse dye during dyeing. On the other hand, the glass state temperature of the polyester fiber is below 180 ℃, the high elastic state temperature is above 250 ℃ and the viscous state temperature is above 250 ℃, and the process of dyeing the polyester fiber can only occur in the high elastic state temperature region. By utilizing the pre-shaping of the fabric of the shaping machine, preferably setting the temperature to be 215-220 ℃ for effective heating time of 30s, researches show that the polyester molecular beam creeps rapidly in the temperature range and twists from a parallel straight state to a loose state, the polyester molecular chain has the tendency of breaking loose and binding, the molecular chain breaks through the binding of a cortex under the action of strong heat, and a large number of carbonyl terminals are exposed. A good basis was laid for accepting the dye, as shown in the table below:
taking 300D multiplied by 48 multiplied by 36 multiplied by 160CM grey cloth of terylene oxford, carrying out high-temperature shaping after treating the grey cloth according to the concentrated caustic soda, carrying out drying detection after washing by an atlas washing device after shaping, and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the process:
the setting machine has nine sections, the preset temperatures of the sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 in the cloth feeding direction and the cloth discharging direction are different, because cold air is brought in during cloth feeding, the temperatures of the sections 1 and 2 in general cloth feeding are lower, the temperature is higher towards the center, the required temperature is completely reached to the section 4, the temperatures are basically maintained in the sections 5, 6 and 7 later, and the relationship between the sections 8 and 9 in which cold air enters is reduced. The setting temperature refers to the average effective temperature of sections 4-7. Taking nine sections of drying ovens of the setting machine, each section is 3 meters, and changing the setting temperature, the dry-wet setting and the speed (time) to obtain the conclusion of the following table:
TABLE 2
By the above comparison: scheme 7 is better, is slightly hard and thick, is beneficial to later dyeing, and has the washing shrinkage rate of 0.5 percent, thereby laying a good foundation for subsequent dyeing at 210 ℃. The section temperatures of the setting machine 1-9 are respectively 170 ℃, 180 ℃, 200 ℃, 215 ℃, 215 ℃, 215 ℃, 205 ℃, 190 ℃, and finally the cloth is cooled by two groups of cold water rollers and is finally rolled up by an A-shaped frame and a cropping to prevent folding and craping.
(2) Dye treatment: mixing and stirring uniformly a disperse dye, water, a dispersant and a leveling agent, grinding until the dye particles are nano-sized, preferably, grinding for 30min by using 1.2-1.4 mm zirconium beads in a grinding machine, and then grinding for 30min in a 0.8 mm-1 mm nano-sized grinding machine to obtain a primary pulp; the disperse dye, the water, the dispersant and the leveling agent are 1kg:2-5L:8-10g:8-10g, preferably 1kg:3L:9g:9g, the dye and the water are thicker when the ratio is 1:2, thinner 1:5, energy waste is caused, and the proportion is most suitable when the ratio is 1: 3; diluting the raw pulp by 5-7 times, preferably 6 times, to obtain diluted raw pulp, then adding a thickening agent and a surfactant, and uniformly stirring, wherein the thickening agent is 1L:2-4g:1-3g, preferably 1L:3g:2g, to obtain thick pulp, the thickening agent is a terylene-philic thickening agent, and the stirring is not stopped until the raw pulp is used for production; adding water into the thick slurry to dilute the thick slurry until the mass concentration of the disperse dye is 2-4% to obtain diluted thick slurry, then adding a thickening agent, a dispersing agent and a surfactant, wherein the thickening agent, the dispersing agent and the surfactant are 1L:2-4g:1-3g:1-3g, preferably 1L:3g:2g:2g, and adjusting the pH value to 5-6 to obtain a dyeing pad dye, wherein the dye liquor has adhesive force on terylene;
the low-temperature disperse dye has large molecular weight and poor sublimation fastness, can be baked and dyed at 190 ℃ of 180-. Through repeated screening, the S-type high-temperature dye is selected, but the high-temperature dye particles on the market are relatively coarse, generally 100-300 microns, and have large molecular weight, so that the absorption of the polyester fibers on the disperse dye under the high-temperature condition is not facilitated, and the high-temperature disperse dye is further cut to be smaller through a grinding mode.
(3) Pad dyeing: padding the pretreated terylene into a dyeing padding dye for dyeing, and carrying out infrared prebaking, hot air drying and drying in a drying barrel to obtain the dyed terylene;
(4) baking: placing the dyed terylene in a baking machine, baking for 1.3-1.8min at the temperature of 200-;
TABLE 3
| Middle temperature | Speed of rotation | Baking time | Dye uptake | Color fastness to staining | Hand feeling |
| 200℃ | 30m/min | 1.8min | 85％ | Grade 3 | Is softer |
| 205℃ | 30m/min | 1.8min | 90％ | Grade 3-4 | Is suitable for |
| 210℃ | 35m/min | 1.5min | 94％ | 4 stage | Is slightly hard |
| 215℃ | 38m/min | 1.3min | 97％ | 4-5 stages | Is harder |
As can be seen from the above table, the preferred baking process is baking at 210 ℃ and a machine speed of 35m/min for 1.5 min.
(5) Circulating air and exhausting air: hot air in the baking machine is sequentially guided into an electrostatic dust removal tower by an exhaust fan for electrostatic dust removal, and water mist spraying is carried out in a water mist spraying tower;
(6) shaping of a finished product: the silicone oil softener is padded by a setting machine, the setting temperature is not more than 200 ℃, the machine speed is 40-50m/min, the silicone oil or the softener is added at 5-8g/L, the hand feeling is moderate, and a 500L material padding groove with three rollers at the upper part and four rollers at the lower part is adopted: some surface auxiliary agents and trace substances are further dissolved and washed by a pad dyeing trough, if the method is better when the color is deep, 8-10g/L of adhesive for dyeing can be added into a water trough, the color fastness can be further improved, the cloth cover is cleaner and the color fastness is better when the cloth cover is washed by one-time showering and bathing of the water trough, the foot water is recovered by 3-5g/L of precipitator, and the method is recycled, and the following table is shown:
TABLE 4
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the washing-free polyester dyeing method, the dye is treated, so that the dye particles become finer and can enter the interior of polyester more easily; through the treatment of the terylene, the molecular gap of the terylene fiber becomes larger, the polymerization degree becomes lower, surface pores are increased, the surface roughness of the fiber is deepened, the skin layer becomes thinner, and the dye is easier to enter for coloring; the dye is not more remained on the surface of the fiber by circulating air and exhaust air, the dye particles in the hot air are absorbed, the dye particles are removed from the gas by electrostatic adsorption and water mist spraying, and the exhausted air reaches the air emission standard. The dyeing method can ensure that the terylene is not washed after being dyed, thereby greatly reducing sewage discharge, meeting the standard of waste gas discharge, saving energy and protecting environment, and the prepared finished product has high dye uptake, good color fastness and good hand feeling and can reach the quality required by the market.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a washing-free polyester dyeing method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) polyester fiber treatment: placing the terylene grey cloth in caustic soda solution with the concentration of 200g/L for soaking for 30s, and then sequentially carrying out hot washing, soaping and deoiling, and shaping for 30s at the high temperature of 215 ℃ before adopting the fabric of a shaping machine to obtain the pretreated terylene;
(2) dye treatment: mixing and stirring an S-type high-temperature dye, soft water, a GOON 303-type dispersing agent and a leveling agent octadecane isocyanate uniformly, wherein the soft water is used as the S-type high-temperature dye, the GOON 303-type dispersing agent is used as the soft water, the leveling agent octadecane isocyanate is 1kg, 3L, 9g and 9g, adjusting the pH value to 5.2, grinding the mixture for 30min by using zirconium beads with the thickness of 1.2 mm in a grinding machine, and then grinding the mixture for 30min by using a nano grinding machine with the thickness of 0.8 mm to obtain primary pulp; adding soft water into the raw stock to dilute by 6 times to obtain diluted raw stock, adding an acrylic acid thickening agent and a JFC surfactant into the diluted raw stock, and uniformly stirring, wherein the acrylic acid thickening agent and the JFC surfactant are 1L, 3g and 2g to obtain thick stock; adding soft water into the thick slurry to dilute the thick slurry until the mass concentration of the disperse dye is 2% to obtain diluted thick slurry, adding an acrylic thickener, an NNO diffusant and a JFC surfactant into the diluted thick slurry, wherein the acrylic thickener, the NNO diffusant and the JFC surfactant are 1L, 3g, 2g and 2g, and adjusting the pH value to 5.2 to obtain the dyeing pad dye;
(3) pad dyeing: using MH 552-180 type evenness calender: the left air pressure, the middle oil pressure and the right air pressure. Because the shaft has deflection and the middle pressure is slightly larger, the rolling residual rate is 65 percent, and the terylene fiber is hydrophobic fiber and prevents the generation of streaks due to the migration: the cloth with water to be pressed and dried by pre-rolling materials enters MH66S infrared ray pre-drying, then enters a drying room of two MH633 hot air machines for drying, the drying temperature is 110 ℃, the cloth enters an MH612 (diameter 800mm) drying cylinder for drying after drying, and the cloth is rolled by an A-shaped frame to prevent natural pressing and wrinkling;
(4) baking: baking with a baking machine of Tibetan cloth 58m at 210 deg.C and 35m/min for 1.5 min;
(5) circulating air and exhausting air: the air discharge quantity is selected to be 9.57 multiplied by 103The exhaust fan guides the high-heat hot air in the drying room into the electrostatic dust removal tower with high-voltage static electricity 40KV current of 200mA for treatment through an air suction pipe with the diameter of 45cm, wherein the mixed gas subjected to internal circulation in the drying room is basically absorbed by slight dye particles under the condition of static electricity adsorption; the hot air then further enters a water mist spray tower. The entry was determined to be 0.12 kg of soot particles per hour: 45mg/m3The discharge concentration is less than or equal to 15mg/m3Far below the national exhaust emission standard.
(6) Shaping of a finished product: the silicone oil softener is padded by a setting machine, 5g/L of silicone oil is added, the setting temperature is 200 ℃, and the machine speed is 40 m/min. Through determination, the finished product has the dye-uptake of 97 percent, moderate hand feeling and color fastness: medium and light color: dry grinding 4-5 grade, wet grinding 4-5 grade, soaping and staining 4-5 grade; dark color: dry grinding 4-5 grade, wet grinding 4 grade, soaping and staining 4 grade, and completely reaching the industrial delivery standard.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a washing-free polyester dyeing method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) polyester fiber treatment: placing the terylene grey cloth in caustic soda solution with the concentration of 200g/L for soaking for 30s, and then sequentially carrying out hot washing, soaping and deoiling, and shaping for 30s at the high temperature of 215 ℃ before adopting the fabric of a shaping machine to obtain the pretreated terylene;
(2) dye treatment: mixing and stirring an S-type high-temperature dye, soft water, a GOON303 dispersant and a leveling agent octadecane isocyanate uniformly, wherein the soft water is used as the S-type high-temperature dye, the GOON303 dispersant is used as the soft water, the leveling agent octadecane isocyanate is 1kg, 2L and 8g, the pH value is adjusted to 5.8, grinding is carried out for 30min by using 1.4 mm zirconium beads in a grinding machine, and then grinding is carried out for 30min by using a 1 mm nano-grade grinding machine, so as to obtain a primary pulp; adding soft water into the raw stock to dilute by 5 times to obtain diluted raw stock, adding an acrylic acid thickening agent and a JFC surfactant into the diluted raw stock, and uniformly stirring, wherein the acrylic acid thickening agent and the JFC surfactant are 1L:2g:1g to obtain concentrated stock; adding soft water into the thick slurry to dilute the thick slurry until the mass concentration of the disperse dye is 4% to obtain diluted thick slurry, adding an acrylic thickener, an NNO diffusant and a JFC surfactant into the diluted thick slurry, wherein the acrylic thickener, the NNO diffusant and the JFC surfactant are 1L, 2g, 1g and 1g, and adjusting the pH value to 5.5 to obtain a dyeing pad dye;
(3) pad dyeing: using MH 552-180 type evenness calender: the left air pressure, the middle oil pressure and the right air pressure. Because the shaft has deflection and the middle pressure is slightly larger, the rolling residual rate is 65 percent, and the terylene fiber is hydrophobic fiber and prevents the generation of streaks due to the migration: the cloth with water to be pressed and dried by pre-rolling materials enters MH66S infrared ray pre-drying, then enters a drying room of two MH633 hot air machines for drying, the drying temperature is 120 ℃, the cloth enters an MH612 (diameter 800mm) drying cylinder for drying after drying, and the cloth is rolled by an A-shaped frame to prevent natural pressing and wrinkling;
(4) baking: baking with a baking machine of Tibetan cloth 58m at 200 deg.C and 30m/min for 1.8 min;
(5) circulating air and exhausting air: the air discharge quantity is selected to be 9.57 multiplied by 103The exhaust fan guides the high-heat hot air in the drying room into the electrostatic dust removal tower with high-voltage static electricity 40KV current of 200mA for treatment through an air suction pipe with the diameter of 45cm by the mixed gas subjected to internal circulation in the drying room, and the mixed gas is collected in the static electricityAttached, slightly dye particles are basically absorbed; the hot air then further enters a water mist spray tower.
(6) Shaping of a finished product: padding a silicone oil softener by using a setting machine, adding 8g/L of AP-8004 softener, setting the temperature at 200 ℃, and setting the speed at 50 m/min.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a washing-free polyester dyeing method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) polyester fiber treatment: placing the terylene grey cloth in caustic soda solution with the concentration of 200g/L for soaking for 30s, and then sequentially carrying out hot washing, soaping and deoiling, and shaping for 30s at the high temperature of 215 ℃ before adopting the fabric of a shaping machine to obtain the pretreated terylene;
(2) dye treatment: mixing and stirring an S-type high-temperature dye, soft water, a GOON 303-type dispersing agent and a leveling agent octadecane isocyanate uniformly, wherein the soft water is used as the S-type high-temperature dye, the GOON 303-type dispersing agent is used as the soft water, the leveling agent octadecane isocyanate is 1kg, 5L and 10g, the pH value is adjusted to 5.3, grinding the mixture for 30min by using 1.4 mm zirconium beads in a grinding machine, and then grinding the mixture for 30min by using a 1 mm nano-grade grinding machine to obtain primary pulp; adding soft water into the raw stock to dilute by 7 times to obtain diluted raw stock, adding an acrylic acid thickening agent and a JFC surfactant into the diluted raw stock, and uniformly stirring, wherein the acrylic acid thickening agent and the JFC surfactant are 1L:4g:3g to obtain thick stock; adding soft water into the thick slurry to dilute the thick slurry until the mass concentration of the disperse dye is 4% to obtain diluted thick slurry, adding an acrylic thickener, an NNO diffusant and a JFC surfactant into the diluted thick slurry, wherein the acrylic thickener, the NNO diffusant and the JFC surfactant are 1L, 4g, 3g and 3g, and adjusting the pH value to 5.2 to obtain the dyeing pad dye;
(3) pad dyeing: using MH 552-180 type evenness calender: the left air pressure, the middle oil pressure and the right air pressure. Because the shaft has deflection and the middle pressure is slightly larger, the rolling residual rate is 65 percent, and the terylene fiber is hydrophobic fiber and prevents the generation of streaks due to the migration: the cloth with water to be pressed and dried by pre-rolling materials enters MH66S infrared ray pre-drying, then enters a drying room of two MH633 hot air machines for drying, the drying temperature is 120 ℃, the cloth enters an MH612 (diameter 800mm) drying cylinder for drying after drying, and the cloth is rolled by an A-shaped frame to prevent natural pressing and wrinkling;
(4) baking: baking with a baking machine of Tibetan cloth 58m at 215 deg.C and 38m/min for 1.3 min;
(5) circulating air and exhausting air: the air discharge quantity is selected to be 9.57 multiplied by 103The exhaust fan guides the high-heat hot air in the drying room into the electrostatic dust removal tower with high-voltage static electricity 40KV current of 200mA for treatment through an air suction pipe with the diameter of 45cm, wherein the mixed gas subjected to internal circulation in the drying room is basically absorbed by slight dye particles under the condition of static electricity adsorption; the hot air then further enters a water mist spray tower.
(6) Shaping of a finished product: the silicone oil softener is padded by a setting machine, 8g/L of silicone oil is added, the setting temperature is 200 ℃, and the machine speed is 40 m/min.
The above examples relate to partial raw material introduction:
1. "S" type high temperature type dye: the disperse dye is produced specially for dyeing polyester fiber, is slightly soluble in water and is highly dispersed in water with the help of dispersant. The disperse dyes are further classified into low-temperature type (E type) disperse dyes, medium-temperature type (SE type) disperse dyes, and high-temperature type (S type) disperse dyes. The low-temperature type disperse dye has small molecular weight, and generally adopts high temperature and high pressure, wherein the temperature is 130 ℃, and the pressure is 2kg/cm2Meanwhile, the dyeing is carried out by an intermittent exhaustion method in an overflow dyeing device. However, because of the small molecular weight, the dye can be directly sublimated in the hot-melt dyeing process, high-temperature baking and ironing, and the hot-melt dyeing at the high temperature of 210 ℃ is not facilitated. The high-temperature S-type disperse dye has relatively large molecular weight and does not sublimate at high temperature. However, because the molecular weight is large, the coloring can be carried out only at a very high temperature, otherwise, the problems of small color yield, light color and washfastness exist.
2. Leveling agent: the leveling agent is a water-soluble surfactant. The chemical composition is mainly octadecane isocyanate and is a surfactant which is both dye-philic and fiber-philic, in the production process, the dye can be uniformly adhered to the fiber without robbing dyeing and competitive dyeing, and the principle is as follows: the leveling agent is drawn to the dye firstly, so that the migration rate and the diffusion speed of the dye are reduced, and the dyeing time is delayed. When the dyeing temperature is not reached, the dye is prevented from entering the fiber to dye the fiber too early, stains and color spots are avoided, and when the temperature is high, the dye breaks away from the constraint. So that the dyeing liquid enters and is combined with the fiber to achieve the aim of level dyeing.
3. Dispersing agent: the adopted GOON303 type dispersant is an inorganic dispersion which is a product of Jiahong organic special science and technology company in Dongguan city, has a pH value of 7-8, is negative in molecules and has affinity to terylene; acid resistance, alkali resistance, hot water resistance, hard water resistance and high temperature resistance. The molecules have long chain segments with affinity and charge with dyes, and can break up flocculent materials in liquid, which is called deflocculation. Affinity groups of molecules of the dispersing agent and the surface of the dye are anchored on the surfaces of the powder particles, and non-anchoring chain segments extend into water to form enclosure for the particles and carry certain charges, so that the particles are mutually ordered to achieve the effect of stabilizing and not flocculating, and further form the stable liquid dispersion. In the anhydrous dyeing according to the invention, the action of the dispersant is crucial, the dispersant and the thickener supporting each other and maintaining the effect of stabilizing the liquor. The superfine disperse dye is not flocculated and deposited into blocks in the production process, so that the dyed cloth generates streaky and mottled spots.
4. Thickening agent: the acrylic acid thickener is a rheological aid, can thicken the dye liquor, has affinity to terylene, can endow the dye liquor with excellent mechanical flow property and storage stability, is very important for disperse dye aqueous solution with low viscosity, and the hydrophilic end of the thickener is in hydrogen bond combination with water molecules. The hydrophobic end is adsorbed together with floating particles, latex particles, surfactant and the like, and the hydrophobic end is vertically and horizontally combined with the floating particles, so that the viscosity of the dye solution is increased, and the association between the thickening agent and the particles of the dispersed phase can improve the intermolecular potential energy. Exhibit a higher apparent viscosity at high shear rates. The coating is favorable for being full when the coating is coated on the surface of cloth, the dye liquid is convenient to level on the surface of the cloth, the dye is favorable for being attached to and dyed on the polyester fiber with strong hydrophobicity, and when the cloth is dried at high temperature, the large network molecules adsorbed by the Van der Waals force disappear along with the disappearance of water. The quality of the cloth cover is not affected, and the dosage is selected by the following process, so that the thickener has a good effect of 3-4g/L of the whole liquid.
TABLE 5
| Amount of thickener | Dye uptake | Amount of liquid on tape | Color density | Visual hand feeling |
| 2g/L | 86％ | 55％ | 88％ | Shallow and thin |
| 3g/L | 92％ | 60％ | 90％ | Deep and correct hand feeling |
| 4g/L | 95％ | 65％ | 93％ | Hard and full color |
| 5g/L | 97％ | 68％ | 95％ | Hard hand feeling and deep color |
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A washing-free polyester dyeing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) polyester fiber treatment: placing the terylene grey cloth in caustic soda solution with the concentration of 20-200g/L for soaking for 30-90s, and then sequentially carrying out water washing, soaping and high-temperature setting at the temperature of 180-220 ℃ for 30s to obtain pretreated terylene;
(2) dye treatment: mixing and stirring uniformly disperse dye, water, dispersant and leveling agent, adjusting pH to 5-6, and grinding until dye particles are nano-scale to obtain raw stock; the disperse dye comprises water, a dispersant and a leveling agent, wherein the leveling agent is 1kg, 2-5L, 8-10g and 8-10 g; diluting the raw pulp by 5-7 times with water to obtain diluted raw pulp, adding a thickening agent and a surfactant, and uniformly stirring, wherein the thickening agent is 1L, and the surfactant is 2-4g, and 1-3g, so as to obtain thick pulp; adding water into the thick slurry to dilute until the mass concentration of the disperse dye is 2-4% to obtain diluted thick slurry, then adding a thickening agent, a dispersing agent and a surfactant, wherein the thickening agent, the dispersing agent and the surfactant are 1L, 2-4g, 1-3g, and adjusting the pH value to 5-6 to obtain a dyeing pad dye;
(3) pad dyeing: padding the pretreated terylene into a dyeing padding dye for dyeing, and carrying out infrared prebaking, hot air drying and drying in a drying barrel to obtain the dyed terylene;
(4) baking: placing the dyed terylene in a baking machine, baking for 1.3-1.8min at the temperature of 200-;
(5) circulating air and exhausting air: hot air in the baking machine is sequentially guided into an electrostatic dust removal tower by an exhaust fan for electrostatic dust removal, and water mist spraying is carried out in a water mist spraying tower;
(6) shaping of a finished product: padding a silicone oil softening agent by using a setting machine, wherein the setting temperature is not more than 200 ℃, and the machine speed is 40-50 m/min.
2. The method for dyeing polyester fiber without washing in water according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), caustic soda solution with concentration of 200g/L is used for soaking for 30 s.
3. The method for dyeing polyester without washing according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the high temperature setting is performed by adopting the fabric pre-setting of a setting machine, and the temperature of the high temperature setting is 215 ℃.
4. The method for dyeing polyester without washing according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the disperse dye, the water, the dispersant and the leveling agent are 1kg, 3L, 9g and 9 g.
5. The water-washing-free polyester dyeing method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (2), the dilution is performed by 6 times, and the diluted raw stock, the thickener and the surfactant are 1L, 3g and 2 g.
6. The water-washing-free polyester dyeing method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (2), the diluted concentrated slurry, the thickening agent, the dispersing agent and the surfactant are 1L, 3g, 2g and 2 g.
7. The method for dyeing polyester fibers in a water-free manner according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the grinding is carried out in a grinder by using 1.2-1.4 mm zirconium beads for 30min, and then in a 0.8 mm-1 mm nano-grade grinder for 30 min.
8. The water-washing-free polyester dyeing method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (4), the baking is carried out at 210 ℃ and the machine speed of 35m/min for 1.5 min.
9. The water-washing-free polyester dyeing method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (6), the amount of the silicone oil softener is 5-8 g/L; the finished product of the setting machine is also added with a dyeing adhesive, and the dosage of the dyeing adhesive is 8-10 g/L.
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