CN114214639B - Photovoltaic and sunlight hydrolysis linkage coupling hydrogen production and oxygen production system - Google Patents
Photovoltaic and sunlight hydrolysis linkage coupling hydrogen production and oxygen production system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114214639B CN114214639B CN202210009049.8A CN202210009049A CN114214639B CN 114214639 B CN114214639 B CN 114214639B CN 202210009049 A CN202210009049 A CN 202210009049A CN 114214639 B CN114214639 B CN 114214639B
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
- C01B13/0203—Preparation of oxygen from inorganic compounds
- C01B13/0207—Water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
- C01B13/0229—Purification or separation processes
- C01B13/0248—Physical processing only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C01B3/042—Decomposition of water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
- C25B1/044—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water producing mixed hydrogen and oxygen gas, e.g. Brown's gas [HHO]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/50—Processes
- C25B1/55—Photoelectrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/209—Light trapping arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0266—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
Abstract
The invention relates to a photovoltaic and sunlight hydrolysis linkage coupling hydrogen and oxygen production system, which comprises a photovoltaic cell and a photosensitive semiconductor photoelectrode device electrically connected with the photovoltaic cell; the photoelectrode device comprises at least two photoelectrodes and a packaging box with an inner wall, wherein each photoelectrode comprises at least one photo anode and at least one photo cathode, the packaging box comprises an incident end face and a box body, the inner wall of the box body is provided with a reflecting layer, the incident light is transmitted into the box body through the incident end face and transmitted to the photo anodes and the photo cathodes, and the light reflected to the inner wall is transmitted to the photo anodes and the photo cathodes in a homogenizing manner after being reflected by the inner wall. This system adopts photovoltaic cell to provide required bias voltage for photosensitive semiconductor photoelectrode device to through the design to photoelectrode device encapsulation box, set up the reflection stratum on the inner wall of box body, promoted photoelectrode device to the utilization ratio of sunlight, thereby promoted hydrogen manufacturing by a wide margin and produced oxygen efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solar water decomposition, in particular to a photovoltaic and sunlight hydrolysis linkage coupling hydrogen production and oxygen production system.
Background
The rapid development of the society brings the high-speed progress of the industry, the demand and consumption of human energy are increasingly increased, the situation of over-development and utilization of non-renewable energy sources such as coal, petroleum and the like is caused by the dependence of people in the past, the demand of renewable clean new energy sources is more urgent, and solar energy is taken as an ideal clean energy source, is distributed in every corner of the earth, is inexhaustible and is bound to become an important component part of the future new energy sources.
The existing solar water splitting device has the condition of low sunlight utilization rate due to the nature of materials, so that the response range to sunlight is poor, the hydrogen production efficiency is not high, and the device for producing hydrogen and oxygen by photolysis of water without external electric energy is difficult to realize in a true sense.
How to improve the utilization ratio of sunlight to the sunlight of the sunlight water splitting device and improve the hydrogen production efficiency is one of the problems to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the primary object of the invention is to provide a photovoltaic and sunlight hydrolysis linkage coupling hydrogen and oxygen production system, the system connects a photovoltaic cell with a photosensitive semiconductor photoelectrode device, provides required bias voltage for the photosensitive semiconductor photoelectrode device by the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic cell absorbing solar energy, and further improves the utilization rate of the photoelectrode device to sunlight by the design of a packaging box of the photoelectrode device, thereby greatly improving the hydrogen and oxygen production efficiency and realizing the photovoltaic and sunlight hydrolysis linkage coupling hydrogen and oxygen production system which does not need additional electric energy in the true sense.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention at least adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a photovoltaic and sunlight hydrolysis linkage coupling hydrogen and oxygen production system, which comprises a photovoltaic cell, a photosensitive semiconductor photoelectrode device electrically connected with the photovoltaic cell and a lens, wherein incident light enters the photoelectrode device after being focused by the lens; the photoelectrode device comprises at least two photoelectrodes which are arranged in a stacked mode, a supporting column for separating the two adjacent photoelectrodes and a packaging box with an inner wall, wherein the photoelectrodes are arranged in the packaging box and comprise at least one photoanode and at least one photocathode;
the packaging box comprises an incident end face and a box body, the incident end face is provided with a light inlet, and the inner walls of the box body and the incident end face except the light inlet are provided with reflecting layers;
incident light focused by the lens is transmitted to the light anode and the light cathode in sequence after entering the light inlet, light reflected to the inner wall of the incident end face is reflected to the light anode and the light cathode through the reflecting layer, and light reflected to the inner wall is homogenized to the light anode and the light cathode after being reflected by the inner wall.
The invention provides a photovoltaic and sunlight hydrolysis linkage coupling hydrogen and oxygen production system, which comprises a photovoltaic cell and a photosensitive semiconductor photoelectrode device electrically connected with the photovoltaic cell;
the photoelectrode device comprises at least two photoelectrodes which are stacked, a support column for separating the two adjacent photoelectrodes and a packaging box with an inner wall, wherein each photoelectrode comprises at least one photoanode and at least one photocathode, the packaging box comprises an incident end face and a box body, a reflecting layer is arranged on the inner wall of the box body, the incident light is transmitted into the box body through the incident end face, and then transmitted through the photoanode and the photocathode in sequence, and the light reflected to the inner wall is homogenized to the photoanode and the photocathode after being reflected by the inner wall.
The invention provides a photovoltaic and sunlight hydrolysis linkage coupling hydrogen and oxygen production system, which comprises a photovoltaic cell and a photosensitive semiconductor photoelectrode device electrically connected with the photovoltaic cell;
the photoelectrode device comprises at least two photoelectrodes and a packaging box with an inner wall, wherein each photoelectrode comprises at least one photoanode and at least one photocathode, the photoanodes and the photocathodes are arranged in parallel, the packaging box comprises an incident end face and a box body, a reflecting layer is arranged on the inner wall of the box body, the incident light is transmitted into the box body through the incident end face and transmitted to the photoanodes and the photocathodes, and the light reflected to the inner wall is homogenized to the photoanodes and the photocathodes after being reflected by the inner wall.
In one embodiment, the box body comprises a bottom and a side wall, the inner walls of the bottom and the side wall are formed by splicing a plurality of rectangular pyramid units, and the reflecting layers are arranged on four sides of the rectangular pyramid units.
In one embodiment, the light receiving surface of the lens is greater than or equal to the photoelectrode.
In an embodiment, a reflective layer is disposed on an inner wall of the incident end surface except for the light entrance, and an area of the light entrance is slightly larger than an area of a light spot at a focal point of the lens.
In an embodiment, the light inlet is a through hole opened on the incident end surface.
In one embodiment, the ion exchange membrane is disposed between the photo-anode and the photo-cathode.
In one embodiment, the device further comprises an oxyhydrogen gas separation device.
In one embodiment, the oxyhydrogen gas separation device includes a pressure boosting unit, a gas storage unit, a filter cartridge, and a hydrogen and oxygen storage unit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts the photovoltaic cell to provide required bias voltage for the photosensitive semiconductor photoelectrode device, and on the basis, through the design of a photoelectrode device packaging box, a reflecting layer is arranged on the inner wall of a box body of the packaging box, in one embodiment, the bottom and the side wall of the box body are spliced by a plurality of rectangular pyramid units, and the reflecting layer is arranged on the side surface of the rectangular pyramid unit, so that the light reflected to the inner wall of the box body is homogenized, and the homogenized light is transmitted to the photoanode and the photocathode, thereby improving the utilization rate of the photoelectrode device on the light and improving the efficiency of hydrogen production and oxygen production. In another embodiment, the light focused by the lens enters the box body along the light inlet of the incident end face, the inner wall of the incident end face is provided with the reflecting layer, and the light reflected to the inner wall of the incident end face reaches the photo-anode and the photo-cathode again after being reflected by the reflecting layer, so that the utilization rate of the photo-electrode to the light is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic light-entering diagram of a photoelectrode device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of light entering of a photoelectrode device using a lens according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the reflective structure of the bottom and sidewalls of the enclosure in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a stacked arrangement of photoelectrodes in a photoelectrode device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a tiling arrangement of optical electrodes in the photoelectrode device according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for producing hydrogen and oxygen using a proton exchange membrane in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a system for producing hydrogen and oxygen using an oxyhydrogen gas separation device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the present invention, and the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Other embodiments, which can be obtained by persons skilled in the art without any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention. The experimental methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials, unless otherwise indicated, are commercially available from a public disclosure.
Spatially relative terms, such as "below," "lower," "above," "over," "upper," and the like, may be used in this specification to explain the positioning of one element relative to a second element. These terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in addition to different orientations than those depicted in the figures.
In addition, terms such as "first", "second", and the like, are used to describe various elements, layers, regions, sections, and the like and are not intended to be limiting. The use of "having," "containing," "including," and the like, are open-ended terms that indicate the presence of stated elements or features, but do not exclude additional elements or features. Unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
An embodiment of the invention provides a photovoltaic and sunlight hydrolysis linkage coupling hydrogen production and oxygen production system, as shown in figure 1, the system comprises a photovoltaic cell and a photosensitive semiconductor photoelectrode device, the photovoltaic cell is a photovoltaic cell sheet packaged by a packaging adhesive film, and the photovoltaic cell sheet is siliconA base solar cell or an inorganic compound thin film solar cell. The silicon-based solar cell may be monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, or amorphous silicon, among others. The inorganic compound thin film solar cell comprises an absorption layer, wherein the material of the absorption layer comprises Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 (CZTS)、Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 (CIGS)、CuSbS 2 、Sb 2 Se 3 、Cu 2 O, cdTe, gaAs, gaSe, or Cu 3 BiS 3 And so on. The light receiving surface of the photovoltaic cell is covered with dust removal glass, the other surface of the photovoltaic cell is fixed with a back plate, and the whole cell is fixed by an aluminum alloy frame and a support frame. And a junction box is arranged on one side of the photovoltaic cell.
The photosensitive semiconductor photoelectrode device comprises at least two photoelectrodes and a packaging box, wherein the photoelectrodes are arranged in the packaging box. The photoelectrode includes a photoanode and a photocathode. The photocathode comprises a substrate, a back electrode, an absorption layer, a buffer layer, a wide-band-gap semiconductor protection layer and a nano metal particle layer which are sequentially stacked. In particular, the material of the absorption layer is selected from the same materials as those of the photovoltaic cell, such as monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, cu 2 ZnSnS 4 (CZTS) layer, cu (In, ga) Se 2 (CIGS) layer, cuSbS 2 Layer, sb 2 Se 3 Layer, cu 2 O layer, cdTe layer, gaAs layer, gaSe layer, and Cu 3 BiS 3 Layers, and the like. The absorption layer material has a high light absorption coefficient and a proper optical band gap, and can improve the utilization rate of sunlight compared with other materials.
And a junction box is arranged on the outer side of a packaging box of the photoelectrode device, and the junction box on one side of the photovoltaic cell is connected with the junction box on the outer side of the packaging box to provide required bias voltage for the photoelectrode device. The photovoltaic cell has the auxiliary effect of the photovoltaic cell, and provides required bias voltage for the photosensitive semiconductor photoelectrode device, so that the hydrogen production efficiency is greatly improved. The device for photolyzing water and generating hydrogen by itself without external electric energy is realized in the true sense.
The photosensitive semiconductor photoelectrode device comprises at least two photoelectrodes and a packaging box, wherein the photoelectrodes are arranged in the packaging box, and when the photosensitive semiconductor photoelectrode device is used, water is injected into the packaging box, so that the water decomposition by external bias can be realized under the assistance of a photovoltaic cell. The packaging box comprises an incident end face and a box body, and the incident end face and the box body form a cavity. The photoelectrode is arranged in the cavity. The box body is provided with a bottom and a side wall, and reflecting layers are arranged on the bottom and the inner wall of the side wall. As shown in fig. 3, the bottom and the inner wall of the sidewall are formed by splicing a plurality of rectangular pyramid units, and light reflecting layers, such as silver layers, are disposed on four sides of the rectangular pyramid units. The four side surfaces are spliced to form the light reflecting surface, so that light reflected to the bottom and the side wall of the box body is uniformly distributed in the cavity, the condition that light which is not absorbed by the photoelectrode is reflected towards a certain direction and is wasted is avoided, and the utilization rate of incident light is improved. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the incident light enters the box body along the incident end surface and is projected to the photoelectrode, and the light which is not absorbed and utilized by the photoelectrode is reflected to the bottom and the side wall of the box body, and then is absorbed by the photoelectrode again after being reflected by the bottom and the side wall.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a lens is disposed outside the incident end surface, a light inlet is disposed in a middle position of the incident end surface, and the incident light is focused by the lens and then enters the box body along the light inlet to be projected onto the photoelectrode. The area of the light inlet is slightly larger than the area of the light spot at the focal point of the lens, optionally, the light inlet can be a through hole formed on the incident end face, and the through hole can also be used for injecting water into the packaging box. Optionally, the light inlet may also be a light-transmitting window located on the incident end face.
The light receiving surface of the lens is equal to or larger than the area of the photoelectrode, and preferably the light receiving surface of the lens is larger than the area of the photoelectrode; more preferably, the light receiving surface of the lens is 2 times the area of the photoelectrode; more preferably, the light receiving surface of the lens can be a multiple of the area of the photoelectrode according to the requirement of the actual device on the light receiving quantity. The focus of the lens is close to the light inlet. Preferably, the focal point of the lens is located outside or inside the incident end surface, near the light entrance.
The incident end face has an inner wall, and a light reflection layer is arranged on the inner wall except for the light inlet, and the light reflection layer is a silver layer, for example. The light reflection layer reflects the light reflected by the photoelectrode, the side wall of the box body or the inner wall of the bottom to the direction inside the box body, and the photoelectrode absorbs and utilizes the light reflection layer again, so that the utilization rate of incident light is further improved.
The photosensitive semiconductor photoelectrode device further comprises a support pillar, the photoelectrode comprises at least one photoanode and at least one photocathode, and the photoanode is connected with the photocathode through a conducting wire. In a preferred embodiment, the photo-anode and the photo-cathode are stacked in the packaging box, and the supporting column is arranged between two adjacent photo-electrodes, so that a certain space is kept between the two adjacent photo-electrodes, absorption of sunlight in the largest range is guaranteed, meanwhile, production of hydrogen and oxygen is facilitated, and further, the stacking mode is favorable for miniaturization of the volume of the hydrogen and oxygen production system. Preferably, the photo anode is disposed above the photo cathode in the order of absorption spectra, as shown in fig. 4, and the incident light is transmitted through the photo anodes 1 and 2 and then to the photo cathodes 3 and 4. In a preferred embodiment, the ion exchange membrane is arranged between the photo-anode and the photo-cathode, and the photo-anode and the photo-cathode are separated, so that the purpose of separating gas products is achieved, the collection of the products is greatly simplified, and the hydrogen and the oxygen are directly collected separately in the follow-up process. As shown in fig. 6, the separated hydrogen and oxygen gases are separately contained in a hydrogen cylinder and an oxygen cylinder.
In another preferred embodiment, the oxyhydrogen gas separation device is used for separating hydrogen and oxygen. And separating and purifying the obtained gas mixed product through a gas separation device. The oxyhydrogen gas separation device mainly comprises a pressure boosting unit, a double gas storage unit, a throttle valve, a filter cylinder, a vacuum pump and a hydrogen and oxygen storage part. The boosting unit is preferably a boosting pump, as shown in fig. 7, the pressure of the mixed gas is adjusted by the boosting pump through the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas output by the photosensitive semiconductor photoelectrode device, then the pressure in the pipeline is maintained by using the double gas storage units, the gas flow rate is adjusted through the throttle valve, a filter core with a higher hydrogen passing rate is selected, the hydrogen is separated out after the mixed gas flows through the filter cylinder, and the rest is oxygen.
In another preferred embodiment, the photo-anode and the photo-cathode are tiled and arranged in parallel in the packaging box. Optionally, an ion exchange membrane is disposed between the photo-anode and the photo-cathode to separate hydrogen and oxygen. In another alternative, as shown in fig. 7, the oxyhydrogen gas separation apparatus is used to separate hydrogen and oxygen.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The photovoltaic and sunlight hydrolysis linkage coupling hydrogen production and oxygen production system comprises a photovoltaic cell, a photosensitive semiconductor photoelectrode device electrically connected with the photovoltaic cell and a lens, wherein incident light enters the photoelectrode device after being focused by the lens;
the photoelectrode device comprises at least two photoelectrodes which are arranged in a stacked mode, a supporting column for separating the two adjacent photoelectrodes and a packaging box with an inner wall, wherein the photoelectrodes are arranged in the packaging box and comprise at least one photoanode and at least one photocathode;
the packaging box comprises an incident end face and a box body, the incident end face is provided with a light inlet, and reflecting layers are arranged on the inner walls of the box body and the incident end face except the light inlet;
incident light focused by the lens is transmitted to the light anode and the light cathode in sequence after entering the light inlet, the light reflected to the inner wall of the incident end face is reflected to the light anode and the light cathode through the reflecting layer, and the light reflected to the inner wall is homogenized to the light anode and the light cathode after being reflected by the inner wall;
the photocathode comprises a substrate, a back electrode, an absorption layer, a buffer layer, a wide band gap semiconductor protection layer and a nano metal particle layer which are sequentially stacked;
the box body comprises a bottom and side walls, the inner walls of the bottom and the side walls are formed by splicing a plurality of rectangular pyramid units, and the reflecting layers are arranged on four side surfaces of the rectangular pyramid units;
the ion exchange membrane is arranged between the photo anode and the photo cathode, and the oxyhydrogen gas separation device comprises a boosting unit, a gas storage unit, a filter cylinder and a hydrogen and oxygen storage part.
2. The system for producing hydrogen and oxygen by linkage coupling of photovoltaic and sunlight hydrolysis comprises a photovoltaic cell and a photosensitive semiconductor photoelectrode device electrically connected with the photovoltaic cell;
the photoelectrode device comprises at least two photoelectrodes which are arranged in a stacked mode, a supporting column used for separating the two adjacent photoelectrodes and a packaging box with an inner wall, wherein each photoelectrode comprises at least one photoanode and at least one photocathode,
the packaging box comprises an incident end face and a box body, the inner wall of the box body is provided with a reflecting layer,
incident light is transmitted into the box body through the incident end face, is transmitted through the photo-anode and the photo-cathode in sequence, and is reflected to the inner wall and then homogenized to the photo-anode and the photo-cathode after being reflected by the inner wall;
the photocathode comprises a substrate, a back electrode, an absorption layer, a buffer layer, a wide band gap semiconductor protection layer and a nano metal particle layer which are sequentially stacked;
the box body comprises a bottom and side walls, the inner walls of the bottom and the side walls are formed by splicing a plurality of rectangular pyramid units, and the reflecting layers are arranged on four side surfaces of the rectangular pyramid units;
the ion exchange membrane is arranged between the photo-anode and the photo-cathode, and the oxyhydrogen gas separation device comprises a boosting unit, a gas storage unit, a filter cylinder and a hydrogen and oxygen storage part.
3. The photovoltaic and sunlight hydrolysis linkage coupling hydrogen production and oxygen production system comprises a photovoltaic cell and a photosensitive semiconductor photoelectrode device electrically connected with the photovoltaic cell;
the photoelectrode device comprises at least two photoelectrodes and a packaging box with an inner wall, wherein each photoelectrode comprises at least one photoanode and at least one photocathode, the photoanodes and the photocathodes are arranged in parallel, the packaging box comprises an incident end face and a box body, a reflecting layer is arranged on the inner wall of the box body, the incident light is transmitted into the box body through the incident end face and transmitted to the photoanodes and the photocathodes, and the light reflected to the inner wall is homogenized to the photoanodes and the photocathodes after being reflected by the inner wall;
the photocathode comprises a substrate, a back electrode, an absorption layer, a buffer layer, a wide band gap semiconductor protection layer and a nano metal particle layer which are sequentially stacked;
the box body comprises a bottom and side walls, the inner walls of the bottom and the side walls are formed by splicing a plurality of rectangular pyramid units, and the reflecting layers are arranged on four side surfaces of the rectangular pyramid units;
the ion exchange membrane is arranged between the photo anode and the photo cathode, and the oxyhydrogen gas separation device comprises a boosting unit, a gas storage unit, a filter cylinder and a hydrogen and oxygen storage part.
4. The system for producing hydrogen and oxygen of claim 1, wherein the lens has a light receiving surface that is greater than or equal to the photoelectrode.
5. The system for producing hydrogen and oxygen according to claim 1 or 4, wherein a reflecting layer is arranged on the inner wall of the incident end face except the light inlet, and the area of the light inlet is slightly larger than the area of the light spot at the focus of the lens.
6. The system for producing hydrogen and oxygen according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the light inlet is a through hole formed on the incident end surface.
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Inventor after: Jiang Feng Inventor before: Jiang Feng Inventor before: Fang Yusu |