CN114214622A - Surface deep-level heat treatment process for automobile part product - Google Patents
Surface deep-level heat treatment process for automobile part product Download PDFInfo
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- CN114214622A CN114214622A CN202111130832.1A CN202111130832A CN114214622A CN 114214622 A CN114214622 A CN 114214622A CN 202111130832 A CN202111130832 A CN 202111130832A CN 114214622 A CN114214622 A CN 114214622A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
- C23C28/323—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one amorphous metallic material layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1646—Characteristics of the product obtained
- C23C18/165—Multilayered product
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1689—After-treatment
- C23C18/1692—Heat-treatment
- C23C18/1698—Control of temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/1803—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces
- C23C18/1848—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces by electrochemical pretreatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
- C23C18/34—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron using reducing agents
- C23C18/36—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron using reducing agents using hypophosphites
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
- C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
- C23C28/341—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one carbide layer
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
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- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/80—After-treatment
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
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Abstract
The invention discloses a surface deep-level heat treatment process for an automobile part product, which belongs to the field of heat treatment and comprises the following steps: cleaning by using ultrasonic waves; dehydrating the surface of the part product by using alcohol, and drying the surface of the part product by using a dryer; putting the product into a furnace through a tool clamp; vacuumizing the furnace; introducing acid gas for activation; heating the temperature in the furnace to 190-210 ℃; introducing acid gas again to activate the surface; heating and introducing protective gas; raising the temperature to 440-460 ℃, and introducing carbonized gas; preserving the heat for 10-30 hours; closing the carbonized gas and cooling; cooling to 140 ℃ and 160 ℃; closing the protective gas; activating again; vacuumizing, and discharging the part product; degreasing treatment; activating the anode to deposit a priming layer and cleaning; entering the NiP coating and cleaning; heating in vacuum at 390-410 ℃ to form an amorphous corrosion-resistant coating; cleaning and drying; and (6) checking and discharging.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of heat treatment, in particular to a surface deep-level heat treatment process for an automobile part product.
Background
The heat treatment is an important one-step surface treatment process for improving the wear resistance of the workpiece, resisting salt mist environment and prolonging the service life of the workpiece, and with the higher and higher requirements of the current country on environmental protection, aiming at the heat treatment industry, the heat treatment industry is not small impact at one time, and by combining the two points, the current industry needs the surface heat treatment of high-performance products and the technology without environmental pollution.
The automobile parts aimed by the scheme can not meet the requirements of high wear resistance and high salt spray resistance tests simultaneously only by simple heat treatment, and the pollution to the environment is very serious due to the process adopted to meet the requirements at present.
In view of the problems in the prior art, the invention designs and manufactures a deep heat treatment process for the surface of an automobile part product by combining years of design and use experience in the related field and assisting with over-strong professional knowledge, so as to overcome the defects.
Disclosure of Invention
For the problems in the prior art, the surface deep-level heat treatment process for the automobile part product provided by the invention can improve the wear resistance, and simultaneously, the salt spray resistance test reaches 720h without any influence on the environment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a surface deep-level heat treatment process for automobile part products comprises the following steps:
step 1: cleaning the part product by using ultrasonic cleaning equipment to remove oil stains and related impurities on the surface;
step 2: cleaning the cleaning residues on the surface of the product by using clear water after ultrasonic cleaning;
and 3, step 3: dehydrating the surface of the part product by using alcohol;
and 4, step 4: drying the surface of the part product by using a dryer;
and 5, step 5: putting the product into a furnace through a tool clamp;
and 6, step 6: vacuumizing the furnace to 8-10 Pa;
and 7, step 7: introducing acid gas to activate for 10-20 min;
and 8, step 8: heating the temperature in the furnace to 190-210 ℃;
step 9: introducing acid gas again to activate the surface for 10-15 minutes;
step 10: heating and introducing protective gas;
and 11, step 11: raising the temperature to 440-460 ℃, and introducing carbonized gas;
step 12: preserving the heat for 10-30 hours;
step 13: closing the carbonized gas and cooling;
step 14: cooling to 140 ℃ and 160 ℃;
step 15: closing the protective gas;
step 16: activating for 9-11 minutes again;
step 17: vacuumizing, and discharging the part product;
step 18: degreasing treatment;
step 19: activating the anode to deposit a priming layer and cleaning;
step 20: entering a NiP solution for coating and then cleaning;
step 20: heating in vacuum at 390-410 ℃ to form an amorphous corrosion-resistant coating;
step 21: cleaning and drying;
step 22: and (6) checking and discharging.
Preferably, the acid gas in the 7 th step and the 9 th step is nitrogen dioxide.
Preferably, hydrogen is also added to the acid gas.
Preferably, the protective gas in step 10 is used to prevent residual oxygen in the furnace or oxygen in the component products from oxidizing the component products.
Preferably, the degreasing treatment in the step 18 is to soak the product in 80-degree water for 5 minutes, then ultrasonically clean the product for 8-10 minutes by using a weak alkaline cleaning agent, transfer the product into clear water for ultrasonically cleaning for 8-10 minutes, and blow the surface of the product by strong wind for more than 15 minutes.
Preferably, the step 19 anode activation is set to be diluted to 1mg/L electrolytic nickel solution.
Preferably, the electrolytic nickel solution contains citrate at a concentration of less than 1%.
Preferably, the step 19 is to electroplate the surface of the carburized component product with a bonding layer for facilitating the bonding of the NiP coating.
Preferably, the product obtained in the step 20 is put into a NiP solution, the temperature is kept between 80 and 120 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 30 minutes.
Preferably, the NiP solution is prepared from distilled water: nickel sulfate: this phosphorous acid: sodium acetate: ammonia water 50: 2: 2: 1: 15.
the invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the invention, the NiP coating is arranged on the surface of the carbon gas activated metal, so that the wear resistance of the surface of the product is ensured, and the high salt spray resistance of the product is improved.
2. The activation of the anode of the invention is set as electrolytic nickel solution diluted to 1mg/L, and because the surface of the part product is also provided with the coating, the nickel plating is not needed to be too thick, and only a layer of bonding layer capable of improving the bonding with the NiP coating is needed, thereby using the electrolytic nickel solution which can directly reach the discharge standard and reducing the environmental pollution.
3. The NiP coating of the invention is vacuum heated at 390-410 ℃, so that the hardness of the NiP coating can reach 800HV, and the requirement of wear resistance is ensured.
4. According to the invention, nitrogen dioxide is adopted as the acid gas to remove the original passivation layer on the surface of the part product, hydrogen is introduced to play a role of protecting gas in the step 7, and if hydrogen is introduced in the step 9, the hydrogen can reduce the nitrogen dioxide at high temperature to generate water and nitrogen, wherein the nitrogen is continuously used as the protecting gas, and the water and the nitrogen dioxide form nitric acid to remove the part with thick surface passivation layer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a gold phase diagram of a first embodiment of a deep heat treatment process for a surface of an automobile component product;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic diagram of a second example of a deep heat treatment process for a surface of an automobile part product;
FIG. 3 is a gold phase diagram of a third embodiment of a deep heat treatment process for the surface of an automobile part product;
FIG. 4 is a gold phase diagram of a deep heat treatment process for the surface of an automobile component product according to a fourth embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding for those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A surface deep-level heat treatment process for automobile part products comprises the following steps:
step 1: cleaning the part product by using ultrasonic cleaning equipment to remove oil stains and related impurities on the surface;
step 2: cleaning the cleaning residues on the surface of the product by using clear water after ultrasonic cleaning;
and 3, step 3: dehydrating the surface of the part product by using alcohol;
and 4, step 4: drying the surface of the part product by using a dryer;
and 5, step 5: putting the product into a furnace through a tool clamp;
and 6, step 6: vacuumizing the furnace to 8-10 Pa;
and 7, step 7: introducing acid gas to activate for 10-20 min;
and 8, step 8: heating the temperature in the furnace to 190-210 ℃;
step 9: introducing acid gas again to activate the surface for 10-15 minutes;
step 10: heating and introducing protective gas to prevent residual oxygen in the furnace or oxygen in the part products from oxidizing the part products;
and 11, step 11: raising the temperature to 440-460 ℃, and introducing carbonized gas;
step 12: preserving the heat for 10-30 hours;
step 13: closing the carbonized gas and cooling;
step 14: cooling to 140 ℃ and 160 ℃;
step 15: closing the protective gas;
step 16: activating for 9-11 minutes again;
step 17: vacuumizing, and discharging the part product;
step 18: degreasing, namely soaking the product in 80-degree water for 5 minutes, then ultrasonically cleaning the product for 8-10 minutes by using a weak alkaline cleaning agent, transferring the product into clear water for ultrasonically cleaning for 8-10 minutes, and drying the surface of the product by using strong wind, wherein the blowing time is more than 15 minutes;
step 19: activating the anode to deposit a priming layer and cleaning;
step 20: and (2) cleaning the coating after the coating is carried out in a NiP solution, specifically, putting the coating into the NiP solution, keeping the temperature at 80-120 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 30 minutes, wherein the NiP solution is prepared from distilled water: nickel sulfate: this phosphorous acid: sodium acetate: ammonia water 50: 2: 2: 1: 15;
step 20: heating the coating in vacuum at 390-;
step 21: cleaning and drying;
step 22: and (6) checking and discharging.
The whole production process optimizes carburization, the carburized layer of heat treatment is 2-10 mu m, the wear resistance of workpieces under different environments can be completely met, the wear resistance is improved by 3-4 times, simultaneously, after carburization, a NiP coating is arranged on the metal surface, the wear resistance of the product surface is ensured, the high salt spray resistance of the product surface is also improved, as the NiP coating and the carburized surface can not be combined, the invention electroplates the surface of a carburized part product with a bonding layer convenient for the combination of the NiP coating through anode activation deposition bottoming, thereby ensuring the combination effect of the product, ensuring the diffusion depth to reach 15-40 mu m, the salt spray test can reach 720 hours without basic metal corrosion according to DIN ISO 9227 standard, the service life of the workpieces can be improved by 3-4 times under the original state, the process can not cause any influence on the environment, and can save water and electric energy, and the process has small deformation, can be used for surface heat treatment of a precision matching piece, and improves the wear resistance of the surface of a workpiece.
The acid gas in the 7 th step and the 9 th step is nitrogen dioxide, and hydrogen is also added into the acid gas, so that the nitrogen dioxide is adopted to remove the original passivation layer on the surface of the part product, the hydrogen is introduced to play a role of mainly protecting the gas in the 7 th step, and if the hydrogen is introduced in the 9 th step, the hydrogen can reduce the nitrogen dioxide to generate water and nitrogen under the high temperature condition, wherein the nitrogen is continuously used as the protecting gas, and the water and the nitrogen dioxide form nitric acid to remove the part with thick surface passivation layer.
The step 19 of the anode activation of the invention is to dilute the electrolytic nickel solution to 1mg/L, the electrolytic nickel solution contains citrate with the concentration lower than 1 percent as a complexing agent, so that the surface of the carburized part product is electroplated with a bonding layer convenient for the combination of the NiP coating, and the surface of the part product is also provided with the coating, so that the nickel plating is not required to be over-thick, only one bonding layer capable of improving the combination with the NiP coating is required, and the electrolytic nickel solution which can directly reach the discharge standard is used, thereby reducing the environmental pollution.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a surface deep-level heat treatment process for automobile part products comprises the following steps:
step 1: cleaning the part product by using ultrasonic cleaning equipment to remove oil stains and related impurities on the surface;
step 2: cleaning the cleaning residues on the surface of the product by using clear water after ultrasonic cleaning;
and 3, step 3: dehydrating the surface of the part product by using alcohol;
and 4, step 4: drying the surface of the part product by using a dryer;
and 5, step 5: putting the product into a furnace through a tool clamp;
and 6, step 6: vacuumizing the furnace to 10 Pa;
and 7, step 7: introducing acid gas to activate for 20 minutes;
and 8, step 8: heating the temperature in the furnace to 200 ℃;
step 9: introducing acid gas again to activate the surface for 15 minutes;
step 10: heating and introducing protective gas to prevent residual oxygen in the furnace or oxygen in the part products from oxidizing the part products;
and 11, step 11: heating to 450 ℃, and introducing carbonized gas;
step 12: preserving the heat for 20 hours;
step 13: closing the carbonized gas and cooling;
step 14: cooling to 150 ℃;
step 15: closing the protective gas;
step 16: activating for 10 minutes again;
step 17: vacuumizing, and discharging the part product;
step 18: degreasing, namely soaking the product in 80-degree water for 5 minutes, then ultrasonically cleaning the product for 10 minutes by using a weak alkaline cleaning agent, transferring the product into clear water for ultrasonically cleaning for 10 minutes, blowing the surface of the product for drying by using strong wind, and blowing for 20 minutes;
step 19: activating the anode to deposit a bottom layer and cleaning, wherein the electrolytic nickel solution contains citrate with the concentration of less than 0.5 percent;
step 20: and (3) cleaning the coating after the coating is carried out on the coating by entering a NiP solution, specifically, putting the coating into the NiP solution, keeping the temperature at 100 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 30 minutes, wherein the NiP solution is prepared from distilled water: nickel sulfate: this phosphorous acid: sodium acetate: ammonia water 50: 2: 2: 1: 15;
step 20: heating the mixture for 1.5 hours at 380 ℃ in vacuum to form the amorphous corrosion-resistant coating.
Step 21: cleaning and drying;
step 22: and (6) checking and discharging.
And (4) judging a result:
| depth of penetrated layer | 26um | Determining the product is qualified |
| Surface hardness | 987HV | Determining the product is qualified |
Example two:
a surface deep-level heat treatment process for automobile part products comprises the following steps:
step 1: cleaning the part product by using ultrasonic cleaning equipment to remove oil stains and related impurities on the surface;
step 2: cleaning the cleaning residues on the surface of the product by using clear water after ultrasonic cleaning;
and 3, step 3: dehydrating the surface of the part product by using alcohol;
and 4, step 4: drying the surface of the part product by using a dryer;
and 5, step 5: putting the product into a furnace through a tool clamp;
and 6, step 6: vacuumizing the furnace to 10 Pa;
and 7, step 7: introducing acid gas to activate for 20 minutes;
and 8, step 8: heating the temperature in the furnace to 200 ℃;
step 9: introducing acid gas again to activate the surface for 15 minutes;
step 10: heating and introducing protective gas to prevent residual oxygen in the furnace or oxygen in the part products from oxidizing the part products;
and 11, step 11: heating to 450 ℃, and introducing carbonized gas;
step 12: preserving the heat for 20 hours;
step 13: closing the carbonized gas and cooling;
step 14: cooling to 150 ℃;
step 15: closing the protective gas;
step 16: activating for 10 minutes again;
step 17: vacuumizing, and discharging the part product;
step 18: degreasing, namely soaking the product in 80-degree water for 5 minutes, then ultrasonically cleaning the product for 10 minutes by using a weak alkaline cleaning agent, transferring the product into clear water for ultrasonically cleaning for 10 minutes, blowing the surface of the product for drying by using strong wind, and blowing for 20 minutes;
step 19: activating the anode to deposit a bottom layer and cleaning, wherein the electrolytic nickel solution contains citrate with the concentration of less than 0.5 percent;
step 20: and (3) cleaning the coating after the coating is carried out on the coating by entering a NiP solution, specifically, putting the coating into the NiP solution, keeping the temperature at 100 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 30 minutes, wherein the NiP solution is prepared from distilled water: nickel sulfate: this phosphorous acid: sodium acetate: ammonia water 50: 2: 2: 1: 15;
step 20: heating the mixture in vacuum at 400 ℃ for 1.5 hours to form the amorphous corrosion-resistant coating.
Step 21: cleaning and drying;
step 22: and (6) checking and discharging.
And (4) judging a result:
| depth of penetrated layer | 30um | Determining the product is qualified |
| Surface hardness | 990HV | Determining the product is qualified |
Example three:
a surface deep-level heat treatment process for automobile part products comprises the following steps:
step 1: cleaning the part product by using ultrasonic cleaning equipment to remove oil stains and related impurities on the surface;
step 2: cleaning the cleaning residues on the surface of the product by using clear water after ultrasonic cleaning;
and 3, step 3: dehydrating the surface of the part product by using alcohol;
and 4, step 4: drying the surface of the part product by using a dryer;
and 5, step 5: putting the product into a furnace through a tool clamp;
and 6, step 6: vacuumizing the furnace to 10 Pa;
and 7, step 7: introducing acid gas to activate for 20 minutes;
and 8, step 8: heating the temperature in the furnace to 200 ℃;
step 9: introducing acid gas again to activate the surface for 15 minutes;
step 10: heating and introducing protective gas to prevent residual oxygen in the furnace or oxygen in the part products from oxidizing the part products;
and 11, step 11: heating to 450 ℃, and introducing carbonized gas;
step 12: preserving the heat for 20 hours;
step 13: closing the carbonized gas and cooling;
step 14: cooling to 150 ℃;
step 15: closing the protective gas;
step 16: activating for 10 minutes again;
step 17: vacuumizing, and discharging the part product;
step 18: degreasing, namely soaking the product in 80-degree water for 5 minutes, then ultrasonically cleaning the product for 10 minutes by using a weak alkaline cleaning agent, transferring the product into clear water for ultrasonically cleaning for 10 minutes, blowing the surface of the product for drying by using strong wind, and blowing for 20 minutes;
step 19: activating the anode to deposit a bottom layer and cleaning, wherein the electrolytic nickel solution contains citrate with the concentration of less than 0.6 percent;
step 20: and (3) cleaning the coating after the coating is carried out on the coating by entering a NiP solution, specifically, putting the coating into the NiP solution, keeping the temperature at 100 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 30 minutes, wherein the NiP solution is prepared from distilled water: nickel sulfate: this phosphorous acid: sodium acetate: ammonia water 50: 2: 2: 1: 15;
step 20: heating the mixture for 1.5 hours in vacuum at 390 ℃ to form the amorphous corrosion-resistant coating.
Step 21: cleaning and drying;
step 22: and (6) checking and discharging.
And (4) judging a result:
| depth of penetrated layer | 28um | Determining the product is qualified |
| Surface hardness | 990HV | Determining the product is qualified |
Example four:
a surface deep-level heat treatment process for automobile part products comprises the following steps:
step 1: cleaning the part product by using ultrasonic cleaning equipment to remove oil stains and related impurities on the surface;
step 2: cleaning the cleaning residues on the surface of the product by using clear water after ultrasonic cleaning;
and 3, step 3: dehydrating the surface of the part product by using alcohol;
and 4, step 4: drying the surface of the part product by using a dryer;
and 5, step 5: putting the product into a furnace through a tool clamp;
and 6, step 6: vacuumizing the furnace to 10 Pa;
and 7, step 7: introducing acid gas to activate for 20 minutes;
and 8, step 8: heating the temperature in the furnace to 200 ℃;
step 9: introducing acid gas again to activate the surface for 15 minutes;
step 10: heating and introducing protective gas to prevent residual oxygen in the furnace or oxygen in the part products from oxidizing the part products;
and 11, step 11: heating to 450 ℃, and introducing carbonized gas;
step 12: preserving the heat for 20 hours;
step 13: closing the carbonized gas and cooling;
step 14: cooling to 150 ℃;
step 15: closing the protective gas;
step 16: activating for 10 minutes again;
step 17: vacuumizing, and discharging the part product;
step 18: degreasing, namely soaking the product in 80-degree water for 5 minutes, then ultrasonically cleaning the product for 10 minutes by using a weak alkaline cleaning agent, transferring the product into clear water for ultrasonically cleaning for 10 minutes, blowing the surface of the product for drying by using strong wind, and blowing for 20 minutes;
step 19: activating the anode to deposit a bottom layer and cleaning, wherein the electrolytic nickel solution contains citrate with the concentration of less than 0.8 percent;
step 20: and (3) cleaning the coating after the coating is carried out on the coating by entering a NiP solution, specifically, putting the coating into the NiP solution, keeping the temperature at 100 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 30 minutes, wherein the NiP solution is prepared from distilled water: nickel sulfate: this phosphorous acid: sodium acetate: ammonia water 50: 2: 2: 1: 15;
step 20: heating the mixture in vacuum at 400 ℃ for 1.5 hours to form the amorphous corrosion-resistant coating.
Step 21: cleaning and drying;
step 22: and (6) checking and discharging.
And (4) judging a result:
| depth of penetrated layer | 33um | Determining the product is qualified |
| Surface hardness | 991HV | Determining the product is qualified |
It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should also be understood that various alterations, modifications and/or variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art after reading the technical content of the present invention, and all such equivalents fall within the protective scope defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A surface deep-level heat treatment process for automobile part products is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: cleaning the part product by using ultrasonic cleaning equipment to remove oil stains and related impurities on the surface;
step 2: cleaning the cleaning residues on the surface of the product by using clear water after ultrasonic cleaning;
and 3, step 3: dehydrating the surface of the part product by using alcohol;
and 4, step 4: drying the surface of the part product by using a dryer;
and 5, step 5: putting the product into a furnace through a tool clamp;
and 6, step 6: vacuumizing the furnace to 8-10 Pa;
and 7, step 7: introducing acid gas to activate for 10-20 min;
and 8, step 8: heating the temperature in the furnace to 190-210 ℃;
step 9: introducing acid gas again to activate the surface for 10-15 minutes;
step 10: heating and introducing protective gas;
and 11, step 11: raising the temperature to 440-460 ℃, and introducing carbonized gas;
step 12: preserving the heat for 10-30 hours;
step 13: closing the carbonized gas and cooling;
step 14: cooling to 140 ℃ and 160 ℃;
step 15: closing the protective gas;
step 16: activating for 9-11 minutes again;
step 17: vacuumizing, and discharging the part product;
step 18: degreasing treatment;
step 19: activating the anode to deposit a priming layer and cleaning;
step 20: entering a NiP solution for coating and then cleaning;
step 20: heating in vacuum at 390-410 ℃ to form an amorphous corrosion-resistant coating;
step 21: cleaning and drying;
step 22: and (6) checking and discharging.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the acidic gas in the steps 7 and 9 is nitrogen dioxide.
3. The process of claim 2, wherein hydrogen is further added to the acid gas.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein the protective gas in step 10 is used to prevent residual oxygen in the furnace or oxygen in the part from oxidizing the part.
5. The deep heat treatment process for the surface of the automobile part product as claimed in claim 1, wherein the degreasing treatment in the 18 th step is to soak the product in 80-degree water for 5 minutes, then ultrasonically clean the product for 8-10 minutes by using a weak alkaline cleaning agent, transfer the product into clean water for ultrasonically clean the product for 8-10 minutes, blow-dry the surface of the product by using strong wind, and blow-dry the surface for more than 15 minutes.
6. The process of claim 1, wherein the 19 th step of anodic activation is set as a dilution to 1mg/L electrolytic nickel solution.
7. The process of claim 1, wherein the step 19 is carried out by electroplating the surface of the carburized component product with a bonding layer for bonding the NiP coating.
8. The process of claim 1, wherein the product of step 20 is placed in a NiP solution, and the temperature is maintained at 80-120 ℃ for 30 minutes.
9. The surface deep heat treatment process of the automobile part product as claimed in claim 1, wherein the NiP solution is prepared from distilled water: nickel sulfate: this phosphorous acid: sodium acetate: ammonia water 50: 2: 2: 1: 15.
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2021
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| GB1452257A (en) * | 1974-03-14 | 1976-10-13 | Nordstjernan Rederi Ab | Nickel and/or coablat-coated steel with carburized interface |
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