CN114213100B - Fireproof slurry, fireproof plate, application and preparation method of fireproof slurry - Google Patents
Fireproof slurry, fireproof plate, application and preparation method of fireproof slurry Download PDFInfo
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- CN114213100B CN114213100B CN202111375769.8A CN202111375769A CN114213100B CN 114213100 B CN114213100 B CN 114213100B CN 202111375769 A CN202111375769 A CN 202111375769A CN 114213100 B CN114213100 B CN 114213100B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/0037—Materials containing oriented fillers or elements
- C04B2111/00379—Materials containing oriented fillers or elements the oriented elements being fibres
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention relates to fireproof slurry, a fireproof plate, application and a preparation method thereof. The fireproof slurry comprises 50-70% of silicate, 1-5% of aerogel powder, 1-7% of mica powder, 1-5% of expanded perlite micropowder, 0.1-2% of wetting dispersant, 0.1-2% of water-retaining agent, 0.1-1% of stabilizer and the balance of water. The fireproof plate comprises fireproof slurry and a fiber layer. The fireproof plate can be applied to new energy batteries. The fireproof slurry is made of inorganic materials, and has the characteristics of nonflammability and no pollution. The fireproof board has the characteristics of good heat insulation, low density and light weight. The preparation method of the fireproof plate is simple and low in cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fireproof materials, and particularly relates to fireproof slurry, a fireproof plate, application and a preparation method of the fireproof slurry.
Background
With the technical development in the field of new energy automobiles, people have higher and higher requirements on the driving mileage after one-time charging. This requires that the batteries of the new energy automobile can operate for a long time. However, batteries operating for long periods of time are prone to overheating problems. The battery is overheated or causes heat to be transferred to other components of the new energy automobile, thereby causing malfunction of the other components, and in severe cases, the battery may be spontaneously ignited.
At present, a large and multipurpose mica sheet in a new energy automobile battery pack is used as a fireproof material to slow down thermal runaway and obstruct heat transfer. Although the mica sheet is a non-combustible material, due to its texture characteristics, it needs to be mixed with chemicals such as silicone gum when being processed into a device capable of being used with a battery.
In the prior art, the fireproof plate mainly comprising mica sheets has low heat insulation performance, and in combustion, due to the organic silicon contained in the fireproof plate, toxic and harmful substances are easy to generate, so that secondary harm is caused.
In addition, the mica sheet in the prior art also has the defects of environmental pollution, large weight and the like in the preparation process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing fireproof slurry, a fireproof plate, application and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the invention provides a fireproof slurry, which comprises the following components, by mass, 50-70% of silicate, 1-5% of aerogel powder, 1-7% of mica powder, 1-5% of expanded perlite micropowder, 0.1-2% of wetting dispersant, 0.1-2% of water-retaining agent, 0.1-1% of stabilizer and the balance of water.
Further, the fireproof slurry comprises 65 mass percent of silicate, 3 mass percent of aerogel powder, 5 mass percent of mica powder, 4 mass percent of expanded perlite micropowder, 1.8 mass percent of wetting dispersant, 1.5 mass percent of water-retaining agent, 0.5 mass percent of stabilizer and the balance of water.
The invention provides a fireproof plate, which comprises slurry and a base layer, wherein the slurry is the fireproof slurry, the base layer is a fiber layer, and the number of the fiber layer is 1-3; the fireproof plate is prepared by pouring the fireproof slurry into the fiber layer.
Further, the kind of the fiber layer includes one of glass fiber, boron fiber, and ceramic fiber.
Further, the number of the fiber layers is 3.
Further, the thickness of the fireproof plate is 1.5-4 mm.
The invention provides an application of the fireproof plate in a new energy battery.
The invention provides a preparation method of the fireproof plate, which comprises the steps of pouring the fireproof slurry onto the fiber layer to obtain a mixed material, and sequentially carrying out primary baking, hot pressing and secondary baking on the mixed material.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
s1), preparing the fireproof slurry;
s2) sequentially laying the fiber layers in a mould, pouring the prepared fireproof slurry, and uniformly coating the fireproof slurry to obtain the mixed material;
s3), placing the mixed material in the step S2) into an oven for primary baking, wherein the primary baking temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the primary baking time is 2-5 hours; after baking is finished, taking out the mixed material, and demolding;
s4), carrying out hot-pressing treatment on the mixed material subjected to demolding in the step S3), wherein the temperature of the hot-pressing treatment is 50-80 ℃, the pressure is 0.1-2MPa, and the pressure holding time is 20-60min;
s5) after hot pressing is finished, carrying out secondary baking on the mixed material obtained in the step S4), wherein the secondary baking temperature is 50-80 ℃, and the secondary baking time is 2-10 hours;
s6), after baking is finished, cooling the mixed material obtained in the step S5) to room temperature to obtain the fireproof plate.
Further, in the step S3), the first baking temperature is 70 ℃, and the first baking time is 5 hours; in the step S4), the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is 60 ℃, the pressure is 1.8MPa, and the pressure holding time is 50min; in the step S5), the secondary baking temperature is 60 ℃, and the secondary baking time is 8h.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) All components in the fireproof slurry are inorganic materials, and the fireproof slurry has the characteristic of non-flammability; in addition, the prepared plate can realize the effect of no open fire when encountering fire, and no toxic and harmful substances are released in the combustion process.
2) The fireproof plate can still have good heat transfer blocking effect under the condition of lower thickness, and has excellent heat insulation performance; in addition, the composite material also has the characteristics of low density and light weight.
3) In the preparation method, the mixed material is respectively hardened by adopting two times of baking, so that the problems of plate fracture or crack and the like possibly caused by overhigh temperature due to one time of baking in the prior art can be prevented; meanwhile, a hot pressing step is arranged between the two baking steps, so that the hardness of the plate can be further improved, and the effect of secondary baking can be better.
4) The preparation method of the fireproof plate is simple, and the prepared fireproof plate has excellent fireproof and heat-insulating properties, is particularly suitable for new energy batteries, and has good fireproof and heat-insulating effects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating the combustion profile of a fire retardant panel, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the combustion curves of a fire-proof plate and a mica sheet, each having a thickness of 1.5mm, in a comparative test according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The fireproof slurry comprises, by mass, 50-70% of silicate, 1-5% of aerogel powder, 1-7% of mica powder, 1-5% of expanded perlite micropowder, 0.1-2% of wetting dispersant, 0.1-2% of water-retaining agent, 0.1-1% of stabilizer and the balance of water.
All components in the fireproof slurry are inorganic materials, and the fireproof slurry has the characteristic of non-flammability; in addition, the prepared plate can realize the effect of no open fire when being burnt by fire, and no toxic and harmful substances are released in the burning process.
In the above embodiment, preferably, each component of the fireproof slurry comprises, by mass, 65% of silicate, 3% of aerogel powder, 5% of mica powder, 4% of expanded perlite micropowder, 1.8% of wetting dispersant, 1.5% of water-retaining agent, 0.5% of stabilizer, and the balance of water.
The fireproof plate comprises the slurry and a base layer, wherein the slurry is the fireproof slurry, the base layer is a fiber layer, and the number of the fiber layer is 1-3; the fireproof plate is prepared by pouring fireproof slurry into a fiber layer.
The fireproof plate can be applied to new energy batteries; particularly, the battery heat insulation insert can be used for covering a battery pack top layer and can also be used as a heat insulation insert of a battery module.
When the number of the fiber layers serving as the base layer is too large, the plate body is too thick under the condition of enough slurry, and although the thicker the plate body is, the better the fireproof effect is, in practical use, particularly when the new energy battery is subjected to fireproof, the size of the new energy battery is limited, and the too thick plate body can cause the too large size of the new energy battery, so that the application range of the new energy battery is influenced; therefore, the number of layers of the fireproof plate is 3 at most, and the fireproof plate with 3 layers of fibers has good fireproof effect and proper thickness and can be widely applied to various scenes.
The fireproof plate prepared by the fireproof slurry has the characteristic of non-flammability, can realize the effect of no open fire when burning, and has no release of toxic and harmful substances in the burning process; in addition, the fireproof plate has good heat transfer blocking effect and excellent heat insulation performance.
The fiber layer is used as the base layer of the fireproof plate, so that the strength of the fireproof plate can be effectively improved, and the fireproof performance of the fireproof plate is greatly improved; the fireproof board of the invention has 1-3 fiber layers.
The fireproof plate has the characteristics of low density and light weight.
When a position of the fireproof plate is burnt, the burning-through time of the position can reach 20 min-120 min.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the kind of the fiber layer includes one of glass fiber, boron fiber, and ceramic fiber.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the number of the fiber layers is 3, and one of glass fiber, boron fiber and ceramic fiber is used; the thickness of the fireproof plate is 1.5-4 mm; it is further preferred that the thickness of the fireproof plate is 4mm, and a position of the fireproof plate with the thickness is burnt by a flame spray gun at 1200 ℃, and the burning-through time of the position is 80min. Testing the temperature of the other side of the position when the flame spray gun burns through experiments; after testing, after burning for 10min, the temperature of the other side of the position of the fireproof plate reaches 300 ℃, and the fireproof plate reaches thermal balance. Continuing to burn for 80min, wherein the fireproof plate still has no cracks, namely the fireproof plate of the embodiment is not burnt through; the fire retardant panel of the present embodiment has a combustion curve as shown in fig. 1.
According to the preparation method of the fireproof plate, the fireproof slurry is poured onto the fiber layer to obtain the mixed material, and then the mixed material is sequentially subjected to primary baking, hot pressing and secondary baking.
In the preparation method, the mixed material is hardened by baking twice, so that the problems of plate fracture or crack and the like possibly caused by overhigh temperature due to one-time baking in the prior art can be prevented; meanwhile, a hot pressing step is arranged between the two baking steps, so that the hardness of the plate can be further improved, and the effect of secondary baking can be better.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
s1), preparing fireproof slurry;
s2) laying fiber layers in the mold in sequence, pouring the prepared fireproof slurry, and uniformly coating the fireproof slurry to obtain a mixed material;
s3), placing the die in the step S2) into an oven for primary baking, wherein the primary baking temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the primary baking time is 2-5 hours; after baking is finished, taking out the die, and demolding the mixed material;
s4), carrying out hot-pressing treatment on the mixed material subjected to demolding in the step S3), wherein the temperature of the hot-pressing treatment is 50-80 ℃, the pressure is 0.1-2MPa, and the pressure holding time is 20-60min;
s5) after hot pressing is finished, carrying out secondary baking on the mixed material obtained in the step S4), wherein the secondary baking temperature is 50-80 ℃, and the secondary baking time is 2-10 hours;
s6), after baking is finished, cooling the mixed material obtained in the step S5) to room temperature to obtain the fireproof plate.
In the above embodiment, preferably, in step S3), the first baking temperature is 70 ℃, and the first baking time is 5 hours; in the step S4), the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is 60 ℃, the pressure is 1.8MPa, and the pressure holding time is 50min; in the step S5), the second baking temperature is 60 ℃, and the second baking time is 8 hours.
The technical effects of the present invention will be described below by experimental data of specific examples and comparative examples.
The fireproof slurry of the fireproof plate comprises 65% of silicate, 3% of aerogel powder, 5% of mica powder, 4% of expanded perlite micropowder, 1.8% of wetting dispersant, 1.5% of water-retaining agent, 0.5% of stabilizer and the balance of water; the number of the fiber layers is 3, and the fiber layers are respectively glass fiber, boron fiber and ceramic fiber in sequence.
The comparative examples are commercially available mica sheets or plates.
1) Temperature equilibration time comparison test
Carry out the detection of temperature balance time to the PLASTIC LAMINATED of 1.5mm thickness and mica plate respectively, this experiment can embody fireproof material's heat-proof quality. In this experiment, a spray gun at a temperature of 1200 ℃ was used to burn the panels. The specific experimental results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 temperature equilibration times for different sheets
As can be seen from the experimental data in table 1, the back temperature of the mica sheet reaches 300 ℃ after 1 minute, while the back temperature of the fire protection plate of the embodiment is only 111 ℃ after 5 minutes of combustion. Therefore, the fireproof plate has good heat insulation performance compared with mica sheets.
In addition, the density of the fireproof plate is only 1.1g/cm 3 The density of the mica sheet reaches 2.15g/cm 3 It can be seen that the fire retardant panel of the present invention has the advantage of being lighter in weight, at the same thickness and size.
2) Comparative test of flame resistance parameter
The flame-retardant parameters of the fireproof plate and the mica plate with the thickness of 4mm are respectively detected, and the test can comprehensively reflect the flame resistance of the fireproof material. In this experiment, a spray gun at 1000 ℃ was used to burn the panels. The specific experimental results are shown in table 2 and fig. 2:
TABLE 2 flame resistance parameters of different panels
As can be seen from Table 2 and FIG. 2, in this example, the flame retardant time of the fire retardant board with a thickness of 4mm can reach the same time as that of the mica board, which is 120min, but the flame propagation ratio and the quality loss are much lower than those of the mica board, which indicates that the fire retardant board of the present invention has better heat insulation performance.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. The fireproof plate comprises slurry and a base layer, and is characterized in that the slurry comprises the following components, by mass, 50-70% of silicate, 1-5% of aerogel powder, 1-7% of mica powder, 1-5% of expanded perlite micropowder, 0.1-2% of wetting dispersant, 0.1-2% of water-retaining agent, 0.1-1% of stabilizer and the balance of water;
the base layer is a fiber layer, and the number of the fiber layers is 1-3;
the fireproof plate is prepared by pouring the fireproof slurry onto the fiber layer, and the specific preparation method comprises the steps of pouring the fireproof slurry onto the fiber layer to obtain a mixed material, and sequentially carrying out primary baking, hot pressing and secondary baking on the mixed material;
the method comprises the following steps:
s1), preparing the fireproof slurry;
s2) sequentially laying the fiber layers in a mould, pouring the prepared fireproof slurry, and uniformly coating the fireproof slurry to obtain the mixed material;
s3), carrying out primary baking on the mixed material in the step S2), wherein the primary baking temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the primary baking time is 2-5h; after baking is finished, taking out the mixed material, and demolding;
s4), carrying out hot-pressing treatment on the mixed material subjected to demoulding in the step S3), wherein the temperature of the hot-pressing treatment is 50-80 ℃, the pressure is 0.1-2MPa, and the pressure holding time is 20-60min;
s5) after hot pressing is finished, carrying out secondary baking on the mixed material obtained in the step S4), wherein the secondary baking temperature is 50-80 ℃, and the secondary baking time is 2-10 hours;
s6) after baking is finished, cooling the mixed material obtained in the step S5) to room temperature to obtain the fireproof plate.
2. The fire protection plate according to claim 1, wherein the fire protection slurry comprises 65% by mass of silicate, 3% by mass of aerogel powder, 5% by mass of mica powder, 4% by mass of expanded perlite micropowder, 1.8% by mass of wetting dispersant, 1.5% by mass of water-retaining agent, 0.5% by mass of stabilizer, and the balance of water.
3. The flame retardant panel of claim 1, wherein, the fiber layer is of a type that includes one of glass fibers, boron fibers, and ceramic fibers.
4. The flame retardant panel of claim 3, wherein the number of fibrous layers is 3.
5. The fire protection plate according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the fire protection plate is 1.5 to 4mm.
6. The fire protection plate according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3), the first baking temperature is 70 ℃, and the first baking time is 5 hours;
in the step S4), the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is 60 ℃, the pressure is 1.8MPa, and the pressure holding time is 50min;
in the step S5), the second baking temperature is 60 ℃, and the second baking time is 8 hours.
7. Use of a fire protection plate according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in a new energy battery.
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WO2015056138A1 (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2015-04-23 | Adt Aero Dämm Technik Gmbh | Stable molded bodies or plates made of lightweight material for thermal insulation and for use as fire protection, method for the production thereof, use thereof, and building equipped therewith |
CN105040848A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-11-11 | 孟庆牛 | Method for preparing fireproof plate |
CN107266116A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2017-10-20 | 南京唯才新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of aerogel composite and preparation method thereof |
CN108301522A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-20 | 合肥候鸟新型材料有限公司 | A kind of environment-friendly fireproof plate and preparation method thereof |
KR20200060609A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2020-06-01 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Case of battery pack |
CN113571814A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-29 | 保定市宏腾科技有限公司 | New energy automobile battery fireproof material and manufacturing method thereof |
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WO2015056138A1 (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2015-04-23 | Adt Aero Dämm Technik Gmbh | Stable molded bodies or plates made of lightweight material for thermal insulation and for use as fire protection, method for the production thereof, use thereof, and building equipped therewith |
CN105040848A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-11-11 | 孟庆牛 | Method for preparing fireproof plate |
CN107266116A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2017-10-20 | 南京唯才新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of aerogel composite and preparation method thereof |
CN108301522A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-20 | 合肥候鸟新型材料有限公司 | A kind of environment-friendly fireproof plate and preparation method thereof |
KR20200060609A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2020-06-01 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Case of battery pack |
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