CN114211874B - Detection method for printing large-area color uniformity - Google Patents
Detection method for printing large-area color uniformity Download PDFInfo
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- CN114211874B CN114211874B CN202111393929.1A CN202111393929A CN114211874B CN 114211874 B CN114211874 B CN 114211874B CN 202111393929 A CN202111393929 A CN 202111393929A CN 114211874 B CN114211874 B CN 114211874B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 25
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
- B41F33/0036—Devices for scanning or checking the printed matter for quality control
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting the uniformity of printed large-area color, which comprises the steps of utilizing a hollow white paper to locate and detect positions in a horizontal row and a longitudinal column according to the distribution position of a certain large-area uniform color on a printed sheet, inputting the detection quantity and the detection position of each row, measuring the color of the printed sheet at a blank space in a scanning mode, and calculating the color difference, the maximum color difference, the average color difference and the root mean square error between the measured color and the target color of the printed sheet corresponding to all the blank spaces; calculating the chromatic aberration, the maximum chromatic aberration, the average chromatic aberration and the standard deviation between the measured color of the printed sheet and the average value of the whole printed sheet; and calculating the color difference between the average color of each row and each column of the printed sheet and the average value of the whole sheet, and displaying the calculation result in the modes of texts, filling colors, coordinate diagrams and the like for evaluating the uniformity of the ink color. The problems that the large-area uniform ground color cannot be scanned and detected, the positioning is not clear in the existing quantitative evaluation of the uniformity of the printing large-area color, the repeatability of a measurement result is poor, the uniformity comprehensive characteristics cannot be reflected and the like are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of printing production, and particularly relates to a method for detecting the uniformity of a printed large-area color.
Background
According to the basic principle of lithography, to keep the thickness of the ink layer uniform and consistent as much as possible in the whole printing breadth, after the same number of dots of each printing color are printed, the same number of dots is kept in the whole printing breadth, and the gradation change is realized by the dot area change of the printing plate. Therefore, when a new purchased printer or a mobile phone is installed and tested, the uniformity of the printing field color and the flat screen of the machine needs to be detected and evaluated in a key way; after the printer is maintained or maintained regularly, the uniformity of the printing field and the flat screen of the printer is also detected, and especially whether the defects of ink bars, front and rear ink color depth and the like exist or not. Packaged products often use a large area of uniform color as a background to better set off the theme. Large areas of uniform color may be obtained by multicolor screening printing or by printing spot colors in the field. The quality requirement of the packaging product on the large-area ground color is that the color difference between the packaging product and the target color is as small as possible, the color of the whole large area is uniform, and the GB/T7705-2008 lithographic decoration printed matter has the quantitative index requirement on the color difference of the same batch and the same color. In addition to the uneven ink color of the large-area uniform color printed by the package possibly caused by the performance reasons of the printer, the uneven ink color possibly caused by the distribution of the layout patterns can give the impression of poor quality of the consumer product if the large-area color uniformity is poor, even the suspected counterfeit product is considered, so that the printing enterprises can very watch the quality of the large-area color uniformity.
The color uniformity of the existing printing large area is mainly evaluated by subjective visual assessment and instrument detection of chromatic aberration. The subjective visual assessment method has strong experience dependence, and the human eyes have limited color discrimination capability and cannot quantitatively assess, so that the assessment with high requirement on the uniformity of large-area color needs to adopt an instrument to detect color difference for quantitative assessment. Because the scanning type detection needs enough chromatic aberration to distinguish different colors, the colors at different positions of the large-area ground color generally have only tiny differences, and the large-area uniform ground color cannot detect the colors of different positions by adopting the scanning type according to the functions of the existing color measuring instrument and can only detect by adopting fixed points. Therefore, the current method is to use the single-point color difference detection function of the instrument to obtain the color value by measuring the color at a certain place of the layout, then set the color value as the reference color, and then measure the colors at other different positions, and the instrument automatically calculates the color difference between the color at the current position and the reference color. The measuring method has the following defects:
(1) Setting a certain position measurement color as a reference color, wherein the measurement color cannot be determined to be the color closest to the target color, cannot be determined to be the average value of the printed colors, and cannot reflect typical uniformity characteristics because other colors are detected and evaluated to be different from the reference color;
(2) Because the large-area same color exists on the layout, the measuring position is not fixed when the worker measures, and the repeatability of the measured value is poor;
(3) The fixed point measurement efficiency is low, the measurement times are limited, the efficiency of recording the measured value is low, therefore, the number of the measured samples is generally not large, the instrument can only display the chromatic aberration between the current measured color and the reference color, and the integral characteristics such as average difference, maximum chromatic aberration and the like cannot be given.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a scanning type detection method for the uniformity of a large-area color for printing, which utilizes hollowed-out white paper to position a detection position, obtains a detected color value through software, and then performs comprehensive color difference analysis, thereby solving the problem that the background color with the uniformity in large area cannot be scanned and detected, and further solving the problems that the conventional quantitative evaluation of the uniformity of the color with the large area for printing has undefined positioning, the measurement result cannot reflect the comprehensive uniformity characteristic and the like.
A method of detecting color uniformity of a printed large area, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1, hollowing out a part to be measured in a mode of transversely forming lines and longitudinally forming columns by using white paper with the same size as the printed sheet according to the specification of the printed sheet to form rectangular hollow spaces;
step 2, programming a program to control a color measuring instrument, and after the hollowed grid number, the hollowed column number and the target color are input, generating an array taking the target color as a filling color on a program interface according to the line number and the column number, wherein a multi-selection frame is arranged below each element in the array, so that the multi-selection frame corresponding to the hollowed grid is in a selected state;
step 3, covering hollowed-out white paper on the printed sheet to be detected, placing a measuring guide rail above the hollowed-out blank line, measuring the color of the printed sheet at the hollowed-out blank line by line in a scanning measurement mode, obtaining a measured value of the color of the printed sheet at a position corresponding to the hollowed-out blank, and marking the color of the printed sheet below the target color of the line on an interface by using the measured color of the printed sheet as a filling color;
step 4, if the target color is empty, turning to step 5; if the target color is not empty, after all the measurement is completed, calculating the color difference between the printed sheet measurement color corresponding to each hollowed-out grid and the target color, and marking the color difference above the corresponding filling color on the interface; calculating the maximum chromatic aberration, average chromatic aberration and root mean square error between the printed sheet measurement colors corresponding to all the hollow spaces and the target colors, and marking on an interface;
step 5, calculating the average value of all the measured colors of the printed sheets, and then calculating the color difference between each measured color of the printed sheets and the average value, and marking the color difference below the corresponding filling color on the interface; calculating the maximum chromatic aberration between the measured color of the printed sheet and the average value, and marking the average chromatic aberration and the standard deviation on an interface;
step 6, calculating the average value of each column of measured colors on the printed sheet, calculating the color difference between the average value of each column of measured colors and all printed sheets, marking the average color difference of each corresponding column on a coordinate graph by taking the number of hollow spaces from left to right as an abscissa scale and the color difference as an ordinate; calculating the average value of each row of colors on the printed sheet, calculating the color difference between the average value of each row of colors on the printed sheet and the average value of all the measured colors of the printed sheet, marking the average color difference of each corresponding row on another coordinate graph by taking the number of engraved spaces from bottom to top as an ordinate scale and the color difference as an abscissa.
Preferably, in the step 1, the to-be-measured portion is hollowed out in a manner of being transversely aligned in a longitudinal row, and the blank corresponding to the to-be-measured portion of the printed sheet is hollowed out into hollowed-out spaces by using a cutter, each hollowed-out space is a rectangle of 1.5 cm×1.5 cm, the interval between every two hollowed-out spaces is determined according to the requirement of the measurement precision, but is not less than 2.5 cm, and the hollowed-out spaces are aligned along the row and column directions.
Preferably, the target color in step 2 is a color value, a color sample, or no target color requirement. If the target color is a color value, inputting the value in a text box; if the target color is a color sample, using a program to control a color measuring instrument to measure the color of the sample in a single-point measurement mode, and displaying a measurement result in a text box; if there is no target color requirement, the corresponding text box is left blank.
Preferably, the step 3 measures the color of the printed sheet at the hollow space line by line in a scanning measurement mode, specifically: firstly, reading the position information of the selected multi-selection frame to obtain the measurement number of each row, and respectively recording as n 1 、n 2 、……、n r The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Positioning the instrument measuring part on the white paper at the left side of the first hollow lattice of the first row, and moving the measuring equipment along the guide rail to measure in a scanning measurement mode until the instrument measuring head reaches the right side of the last hollow lattice of the first rowIs coated on white paper; the program obtains the measured color block number w of the current line 1 If (3)The program prompts re-measuring the current line, and re-measuring according to the prompts; if->The program obtains the detection values, and the 1 st, 3 rd, … … th and w th are taken out at intervals 1 The detection values are measurement color values of printed sheets at positions corresponding to the hollow spaces from left to right, are converted into RGB values of an sRGB color space, and color is filled in the right lower part of the triangle selected by the multi-selection frame of the first line of the interface according to the RGB values in sequence;
measuring the next row by the same method until the last row is measured, obtaining all measured values, and recording asj is from 1 to (n) 1 +n 2 +…+n r ) Natural number of (a) is provided.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of illustrating the color effect of each color block, specifically: the detection values of the standard color and each measurement color are converted into RGB values of the sRGB color space, and then a square is used, the color of the upper left triangle is set according to the RGB values of the standard color, and the color of the lower right triangle is set according to the RGB values of the measurement color.
Preferably, the white paper is white coated paper.
Preferably, the white paper is white coated paper, and the weight of the white coated paper is 80-120 g.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention adopts hollowed white paper to separate uniform ground color, and software is written to control a color measuring instrument, so that the problem that large-area uniform color cannot be measured and analyzed in a scanning mode is solved, the purpose of replacing fixed-point detection with scanning detection and automatically analyzing the uniformity quality of the color is realized, and the invention has the following advantages:
1. the detection and analysis efficiency is greatly improved, more position color data can be acquired, and the analysis result is more comprehensive and objective;
2. for a product, the detected position is reasonably selected and fixed, and the repeatability of the detection result is good.
3. The color difference analysis between the large-area color and the target color can be obtained by one-time detection, and the uniformity analysis of the large-area color can be obtained.
4. The uniformity distribution characteristics in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction can be analyzed, and the reason for influencing the uniformity of the ink color can be rapidly determined.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cut-out white paper for detecting full background color;
FIG. 2 is a sample of a large area of ground color printed;
FIG. 3 is a cut-out white paper for detecting local large area under color;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a detection interface for a portion of a target color;
FIG. 5 is a detection interface showing a portion of the detection results;
fig. 6 is a graph of ink uniformity across a sheet.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings;
the large-area uniform color of printing can be divided into two types, one is that the large-area uniform color is distributed on the whole layout except the paper edge, for example, in order to evaluate the ink color uniformity performance of the printing machine, each unit is usually used for printing about 3-4 full-page flat screens, the performance of the printing machine is evaluated by evaluating the ink color uniformity of the flat screen printing sheet, and the defect cause of the ink color uniformity performance is searched. Packaging printing sometimes needs to print full-version ground color, and theme graphics and texts are printed on the ground color through gold stamping; but more commonly, a uniform color is printed at a local position on a layout, for example, package printing often overprints a large-area uniform ground color on the periphery of a theme image and text, so as to set off the theme, and as shown in fig. 2, gray parts represent that a uniform color is obtained through spot color printing or multi-color flat screen overprinting, and a blank part in the middle overprints the theme image and text.
Cutting coated paper with the same size as the printed paper and about 80-120 g according to the size specification of the printed paper, and hollowing out the position to be measured in a transverse row and longitudinal column arrangement mode. If the full printing plate is uniformly colored, as shown in fig. 1, the whole plate surface is hollowed along the row and column directions, the detection part is hollowed by utilizing a cutter, each hollowed size is about 1.5 cm multiplied by 1.5 cm, rectangular hollowed-out spaces are formed, the spaces are aligned along the row and column directions, the space between each two spaces is determined according to the requirement of detection precision, and if the requirement of the detection precision on uniformity is high, the space is smaller, but is generally not less than 2.5 cm; if the detection requirements are relatively low, the spacing of the spaces may be increased. If the color is a uniform ground color with a large area, as shown in fig. 2, the area covered by the uniform color to be detected is hollowed out by a cutter along the row and column directions, and the white paper is left at the area outside the area with the uniform color, as shown in fig. 3.
A program is written to control a color measuring instrument, such as an Airy-one Pro spectrophotometer, three editable text boxes A1, A2 and A3 are arranged on a program interface, the number r of space lines is input in the A1 text box, for example, the number of lines is 8 in FIG. 3, the number c of space lines is input in the A2 text box, for example, the number of lines is 13 in FIG. 3. If the color to be measured has a target color value, e.g. L * a * b * A numerical value is input in the A3 text box; if the target color sample to be measured is a physical sample, using a program to control a color measuring instrument to measure the color of the sample in a single-point measurement mode, and displaying a measurement result in an A3 text box; and if the color to be measured does not have the target color, keeping the A3 text box blank.
After the input is completed, the program reads the row number r and the column number c in the A1 and A2 text boxes, reads the text in the A3 text box, and if the A3 text box is not empty, the program is separated according to the space character and then converted into L * a * b * Numerical value, recorded asIf A3 text box is empty, let +.>The value was (100 0 0). The program regenerates the detection page, and isosceles right triangles of r rows and c columns are arranged on the interface, for example, fig. 3 generates a right triangle array of 8 rows and 13 columns, wherein the color of each triangle is the target color +.>After conversion to RGB values of the sRGB color space, the color effect of the fill color display is set according to the RGB. The lower part of each triangle is provided with a default selected multi-selection frame, and the non-space position is used for canceling the selected state of the multi-selection frame by contrast with the hollowed-out paper, such as the 1 st row and the 3 rd column in fig. 4.
Covering hollowed white paper on a sheet to be tested, aligning paper edges with side edges and front edges of the sheet, placing a measuring guide rail along a hollowed part of a first row, clicking a measuring button on a program interface, reading position information of a plurality of selected frames by a program, obtaining measuring numbers of each row, and respectively marking the measuring numbers as n 1 、n 2 、……、n r Storing in a memory; the instrument measuring part is positioned on the white paper on the left side of the first blank space of the first row, and the measuring equipment is moved along the guide rail to measure in a scanning measurement mode until the instrument measuring head reaches the white paper on the right side of the last blank space of the first row. In the scanning measurement process of the color measuring instrument, the program starts from the first hollowed part, different colors are distinguished according to the color difference of the measured colors, and the measurement is stopped when the color measuring instrument moves to the right paper edge, so that the number w of the measured color blocks in the current row is obtained 1 ，w 1 The color of the printed sheet in the hollowed-out area and the color number of the white paper between every two hollowed-out areas are included, ifIndicating that the detection process is wrong, re-measuring the current line by using a program prompt, and re-measuring according to the program prompt; if->Indicating normal detection process, the program obtains detection values, and intermittently takes out 1 st, 3 rd, … … th and w th of the detection values 1 The detection values are converted intoThe RGB values of sRGB color space are sequentially from left to right, the multi-selection frame of the first row is positioned at the right lower part of the triangle in the selected state on the interface, the colors are filled according to the RGB values to form squares respectively filled with the target color and the current measured color, as shown in figure 5, the squares are used for visually comparing the difference between the current measured color and the target color, meanwhile, a text prompt 'measuring the next row' appears on the program interface, a color measuring instrument is moved to the left paper edge of the next row, the next row is measured by adopting the same method until the last row is measured, all measured values are obtained and recorded as +>j is from 1 to (n) 1 +n 2 +…+n r ) Natural number of (a) is provided.
If the target colorThe value is not (100 0 0), the +.>Value and target color->Color difference ΔE between values S_j Marking the square corresponding to the measurement color on the interface; delta E determination S_j Average value, denoted as ΔE S_ave The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Find ΔE S_j The maximum value of (2) is recorded as the maximum target color difference value delta E S_max The color block where the maximum target color difference is located is shown by a red box, as shown in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column of fig. 5; color difference delta E according to each measured color S_j Calculating a root mean square error value RMSE for evaluating the deviation degree of the current printing color from the target color, and determining delta E S_ave 、ΔE S_max And the RMSE value is displayed on a detection interface, and the calculation method of the RMSE comprises the following steps:
rn＝n 1 +n 2 +…+n r
if the target colorThe value is (100 0 0) indicating that no target color requirement is specified, ignoring the color difference analysis and recording on the program interface between the current detected color and the target color.
Calculate the average of all measured colors, record asRe-calculate each measured color +.>And->Chromatic aberration delta E between a_j Marking under the corresponding measurement color; delta E determination a_j Average value, denoted as ΔE a_ave Finding ΔE a_j The maximum value of (a) is recorded as the maximum average color difference value delta E a_max The color block where the maximum color difference is shown by a yellow box, as shown in the line 2 and the column 4 of fig. 5; according to delta E a_j Calculating standard deviation sigma for evaluating the ink color uniformity of the whole page and determining delta E a_ave 、ΔE a_max And sigma value is displayed on the detection interface, and the sigma calculation method is as follows:
find the measurement color L of each column * a * b * The average of the values is shown in FIG. 3, wherein column 1 is 8 color averages and column 3 is 2 color averages, and the average color value and sum of the individual columns are calculatedThe color difference between them is shown as delta E from left to right a_p P is a natural number from 1 to c, and is a horizontal sitting number of spaces from left to rightThe mark takes the chromatic aberration as the ordinate, and the corresponding average chromatic aberration delta E of each column is calculated a_p Marked on the graph as shown in fig. 6, for evaluating the lateral ink uniformity variation of the sheet.
Find the measurement color L of each row * a * b * The average of the values is shown in FIG. 3, where row 1 is the average of 13 colors, column 2 is the average of 7 colors, and the average color values and sum of the individual rows are calculatedThe color difference between them is shown as delta E from bottom to top a_q Q is a natural number from 1 to r, the corresponding average color difference delta E of each row is calculated by taking the space number from bottom to top as the ordinate and the color difference as the abscissa a_q Marked on another graph for evaluation of ink uniformity variation for print Zhang Zongxiang.
While the foregoing has been with reference to the preferred embodiments and principles of the present invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes in this embodiment may be made without departing from the principles of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for detecting color uniformity of a printed large area, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1, hollowing out a part to be measured in a mode of transversely forming lines and longitudinally forming columns by using white paper with the same size as the printed sheet according to the specification of the printed sheet to form rectangular hollow spaces;
step 2, programming a program to control a color measuring instrument, and after the hollowed grid number, the hollowed column number and the target color are input, generating an array taking the target color as a filling color on a program interface according to the line number and the column number, wherein a multi-selection frame is arranged below each element in the array, so that the multi-selection frame corresponding to the hollowed grid is in a selected state;
step 3, covering hollowed-out white paper on the printed sheet to be tested, placing a measuring guide rail above the hollowed-out blank line, measuring the color of the printed sheet at the hollowed-out blank line by line in a scanning measurement mode, obtaining a measured value of the color of the printed sheet at a position corresponding to the hollowed-out blank, and marking the measured color of the printed sheet below the target color of the line on an interface;
step 4, if the target color is empty, turning to step 5; if the target color is not empty, after all the measurement is completed, calculating the color difference between the printed sheet measurement color corresponding to each hollowed-out grid and the target color, and marking the color difference above the corresponding filling color on the interface; calculating the maximum chromatic aberration, average chromatic aberration and root mean square error between the printed sheet measurement colors corresponding to all the hollow spaces and the target colors, and marking on an interface;
step 5, calculating the average value of all the measured colors of the printed sheets, and then calculating the color difference between each measured color of the printed sheets and the average value, and marking the color difference below the corresponding filling color on the interface; calculating the maximum chromatic aberration between the measured color of the printed sheet and the average value, and marking the average chromatic aberration and the standard deviation on an interface;
step 6, calculating the average value of each column of measured colors on the printed sheet, calculating the color difference between the average value of each column of measured colors and all printed sheets, marking the average color difference of each corresponding column on a coordinate graph by taking the number of hollow spaces from left to right as an abscissa scale and the color difference as an ordinate; calculating the average value of each row of colors on the printed sheet, calculating the color difference between the average value of each row of colors on the printed sheet and the average value of all the measured colors of the printed sheet, marking the average color difference of each corresponding row on another coordinate graph by taking the number of engraved spaces from bottom to top as an ordinate scale and the color difference as an abscissa.
2. A method of detecting printed large area color uniformity as set forth in claim 1 wherein: in the step 1, the to-be-measured part is hollowed in a transverse row and longitudinal column mode, white paper corresponding to the to-be-measured part of the printed sheet is hollowed into hollowed-out spaces by using a cutter, each hollowed-out space is a rectangle of 1.5 cm multiplied by 1.5 cm, the distance between every two hollowed-out spaces is determined according to the requirement of the detection precision, but not less than 2.5 cm, and the hollowed-out spaces are aligned along the row and column directions.
3. A method of detecting printed large area color uniformity as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the target color in the step 2 is a color value, a color sample or no target color is required, and if the target color is the color value, the value is input in a text box; if the target color is a color sample, using a program to control a color measuring instrument to measure the color of the sample in a single-point measurement mode, and displaying a measurement result in a text box; if there is no target color requirement, the corresponding text box is left blank.
4. A method of detecting printed large area color uniformity as set forth in claim 1 wherein: step 3, measuring the color of the printed sheet at the hollow space line by line in a scanning measurement mode, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, reading the position information of the selected multi-selection frame to obtain the measurement number of each row, and respectively recording as n 1 、n 2 、……、n r The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Positioning an instrument measuring part on white paper on the left side of a first hollowed-out grid of a first row, and moving a measuring device along a guide rail in a scanning measuring mode to measure until an instrument measuring head reaches the white paper on the right side of a last hollowed-out grid of the first row; the program obtains the color of the printed sheet of the hollowed-out area of the current line and the color number w of the white paper color between every two hollowed-out areas 1 If (3)The program prompts re-measuring the current line, and re-measuring according to the prompts; if it is The program obtains the detection values, and the 1 st, 3 rd, … … th and w th are taken out at intervals 1 The detection values are measurement color values of printed sheets at positions corresponding to the hollow spaces from left to right, are converted into RGB values of an sRGB color space, and color is filled in the right lower part of the triangle selected by the multi-selection frame of the first line of the interface according to the RGB values in sequence;
measuring the next row by the same method until the last row is measured, obtaining all measured values, and recording asj is from 1 to (n) 1 +n 2 +…+n r ) Natural number of (a) is provided.
5. A method of detecting printed large area color uniformity as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the method also comprises the step of illustrating the color effect of each color block, specifically: the detection values of the standard color and each measurement color are converted into RGB values of the sRGB color space, and then a square is used, the color of the upper left triangle is set according to the RGB values of the standard color, and the color of the lower right triangle is set according to the RGB values of the measurement color.
6. A method of detecting printed large area color uniformity as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the white paper is white coated paper.
7. A method of detecting printed large area color uniformity according to claim 1 or 6, wherein: the white paper is white coated paper, and the weight of the white coated paper is 80-120 g.
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