CN114211874A - Method for detecting large-area color uniformity of printing - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting large-area color uniformity of printing, which comprises the steps of positioning a detection position by utilizing transversely lined and longitudinally lined hollow white paper according to the distribution position of a certain large-area uniform color on a printed sheet, inputting the detection number and position of each line, measuring the color of the printed sheet at a blank space in a scanning mode, and calculating the color difference, the maximum color difference, the average color difference and the root mean square error between the measured color of the printed sheet corresponding to all the blank spaces and a target color; calculating the color difference, the maximum color difference, the average color difference and the standard deviation between the measured color of the printed sheet and the average value of the whole sheet; and calculating the color difference between the average color of each row and each column of the printed sheet and the average value of the whole sheet, and displaying the calculation result in the modes of texts, filling colors, coordinate graphs and the like for evaluating the ink color uniformity. The problem that large-area uniform ground color cannot be scanned and detected is solved, and the problems that positioning is unclear, repeatability of measuring results is poor, comprehensive characteristics of uniformity cannot be reflected and the like in the conventional quantitative evaluation of uniformity of printed large-area colors are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of printing production, and particularly relates to a method for detecting large-area color uniformity of printing.
Background
According to the basic principle of offset printing, the ink layer thickness of each printing color is kept uniform and consistent in the whole printing breadth as far as possible, the same screen dot yield is kept in the whole printing breadth after the screen dots with the same yield of each printing color are printed, and the change of the hierarchy is realized through the screen dot area change of a printing plate. Therefore, when a new purchased printing machine or a second-hand machine is installed and then is accepted, the important detection and evaluation on the uniformity of the solid and flat screen printed by the machine are required; after maintenance or regular maintenance of the printing machine, the uniformity of the printing field and the plain net of the machine is also detected, and particularly, whether the defects of ink sticks, dark ink before and light ink after color and the like exist or not. Packaging products often use a large area of uniform color as a background to better set off themes. Large areas of uniform color may be obtained by multi-color screening or by printing spot-color solid areas. The quality requirements of the packaging product on large-area ground color are that the color difference between the packaging product and the target color is as small as possible, the whole large-area color is uniform and consistent, and GB/T7705-2008 planographic decorating prints have quantitative index requirements on the same batch of same-color difference. Except that the large-area uniform color ink color of the package printing is not uniform due to the performance of the printing machine, the large-area uniform color ink color of the package printing can also be non-uniform due to the distribution of layout patterns, if the large-area color is not uniform, the impression that the product quality of consumers is not high can be given, even the product is considered to be suspected of being counterfeited, and therefore, the large-area color uniformity quality is very important by printing enterprises.
The color uniformity of the current printed large area is evaluated mainly by subjective visual evaluation and instrumental detection of color difference. The subjective visual evaluation method has strong dependence on experience, the human eye color distinguishing capability is limited, and quantitative evaluation cannot be performed, so that the quantitative evaluation needs to be performed by detecting chromatic aberration by using an instrument for evaluating the uniformity of large-area colors. Because scanning detection needs enough chromatic aberration to distinguish different colors, and colors at different positions of large-area ground color generally have only slight difference, according to the functions of the existing color measuring instrument, the large-area uniform ground color cannot adopt scanning detection to detect the colors at different positions, and only fixed-point detection can be adopted. Therefore, in the current method, a single-point color difference detection function of an instrument is utilized, a color value is obtained by measuring a color at a certain position of a layout and then set as a reference color, colors at other different positions are measured, and the instrument automatically calculates the color difference between the color at the current position and the reference color. The disadvantages of the measuring method are that:
(1) setting a certain position measurement color as a reference color, wherein the measurement color cannot be determined to be the color closest to the target color or the average value of the printed colors, and the color difference between other colors is detected and evaluated, so that the typical uniformity characteristic cannot be reflected;
(2) because the same color of a large area exists on the layout, the measurement position is not fixed when a worker measures, and the repeatability of the measurement value is poor;
(3) the fixed-point measurement efficiency is low, the measurement times are limited, and the efficiency of recording the measured value is low, so the number of measurement samples is small, and the instrument can only display the color difference between the current measurement color and the reference color, and cannot give the integral characteristics of average difference, maximum color difference and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a scanning type detection method for large-area color uniformity of printing, which utilizes hollow white paper to position a detection position, acquires a detected color value through software, and then performs comprehensive color difference analysis, thereby solving the problem that large-area uniform ground color cannot be scanned and detected, and further solving the problems that the positioning is not clearly fixed, the measurement result cannot reflect comprehensive characteristics of uniformity and the like in the conventional quantitative evaluation of uniformity of large-area color printing.
A method of detecting color uniformity of a printed large area, the method comprising the steps of:
step 4, if the target color is empty, turning to step 5; if the target color is not empty, after all measurements are completed, calculating the color difference between the printed sheet measurement color corresponding to each hollowed-out space and the target color, and marking the color difference above the corresponding filling color on the interface; calculating the maximum color difference, the average color difference and the root mean square error between the measured color of the printed sheet corresponding to all the hollowed-out spaces and the target color, and marking the maximum color difference, the average color difference and the root mean square error on an interface;
step 5, calculating the average value of all the measured colors of the printed sheets, calculating the color difference between each measured color of the printed sheets and the average value, and marking the color difference below the corresponding filling color on the interface; calculating the maximum color difference, the average color difference and the standard deviation between the measured color of the printed sheet and the average value, and marking the maximum color difference, the average color difference and the standard deviation on an interface;
step 6, solving the average value of each row of measured colors on the printed sheets, calculating the color difference between the average value of the measured colors of all the printed sheets, marking the corresponding average color difference of each row on a coordinate graph by taking the number of hollowed grids from left to right as abscissa scales and the color difference as ordinate; calculating the average value of the colors of each row on the printed sheets, calculating the color difference between the average value and the average value of the measured colors of all the printed sheets, taking the number of the hollow grids from bottom to top as the ordinate scale and the color difference as the abscissa, and marking the corresponding average color difference of each row on another coordinate graph.
Preferably, the step 1 of hollowing the portion to be measured in a manner of transversely forming rows and longitudinally forming columns is to use a cutter to cut white paper corresponding to the portion to be detected into hollow spaces, each hollow space is a rectangle of 1.5 cm × 1.5 cm, the distance between every two hollow spaces is determined according to the requirement of detection precision, but is not less than 2.5 cm, and the hollow spaces are aligned along the directions of the rows and the columns.
Preferably, the target color in step 2 is a color value, a color sample, or no target color requirement. If the target color is a color value, entering the value in a text box; if the target color is a color sample, controlling a color measuring instrument by using a program, measuring the color of the sample in a single-point measurement mode, and displaying the measurement result in a text box; if there is no target color requirement, the corresponding text box is left blank.
Preferably, the step 3 of measuring the color of the printed sheet at the hollow space in a scanning measurement mode line by line specifically includes: reading the position information of the selected multiple selection frames to obtain the measurement quantity of each row, and respectively recording the measurement quantity as n1、n2、……、nr(ii) a Positioning the measuring part of the instrument on the white paper on the left side of the first hollow space in the first row, and moving the measuring equipment along the guide rail in a scanning measurement mode to measure until the measuring head of the instrument reaches the white paper on the right side of the last hollow space in the first row; the program obtains the number w of color blocks to be measured of the current line1If, if
Program prompts to re-measure the current line, and re-measuring according to the prompts; if it is not
The program acquires the detection values, and takes out the 1 st, 3 rd, … … th and w th ones at intervals1The detection values are measured color values of printed sheets at positions corresponding to the left-to-right hollowed spaces, the measured color values are converted into RGB values of an sRGB color space, and colors are filled in the right lower side of the selected triangle in the first line of the interface according to the RGB values;
measuring the next line by the same method until the last line is measured, and obtaining all the measured values and recording the measured values as
j is from 1 to (n)1+n2+…+nr) Is a natural number of (1).
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of illustrating the color effect of each color block, specifically: and converting the detection values of the standard color and each measurement color into RGB values of an sRGB color space, and then using a square, wherein the color of the upper left triangle is set according to the RGB values of the standard color, and the color of the lower right triangle is set according to the RGB values of the measurement colors.
Preferably, the white paper is white coated paper.
Preferably, the white paper is white coated paper, and the weight of the white coated paper is 80-120 g.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention adopts the hollow white paper to separate the uniform ground color, writes the software to control the color measuring instrument, solves the problem that the large-area uniform color can not be measured and analyzed in a scanning mode, realizes the replacement of fixed point detection by scanning detection and automatically analyzes the uniformity quality of the color, and has the following advantages:
1. the detection and analysis efficiency is greatly improved, more position color data can be collected, and the analysis result is more comprehensive and objective;
2. for a product, the detection position is reasonably selected and fixed, and the repeatability of the detection result is good.
3. And the color difference analysis between the large-area color and the target color and the uniformity analysis of the large-area color can be obtained by one-time detection.
4. The uniformity distribution characteristics in the lateral and longitudinal directions can be analyzed to quickly determine the cause of the influence on the uniformity of the ink color.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a hollow white paper for detecting a full-page ground color;
FIG. 2 is a sample sheet with a large area of background color printed thereon;
FIG. 3 is a hollow white paper for detecting a local large-area ground color;
FIG. 4 is a detection interface showing a portion of a target color;
FIG. 5 is a test interface showing a portion of the test results;
FIG. 6 is a chart of variation in ink color uniformity across a printed sheet.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings;
the large-area uniform color of the printing can be divided into two types, one type is the large-area uniform color which is distributed on the whole layout except the paper edge, for example, in order to evaluate the uniform performance of the ink color of the printing machine, each unit is generally allowed to print a full-page flat screen with about 3-4 parts, the performance of the printing machine is evaluated by evaluating the ink color uniformity of the printed sheets of the flat screen, and the reason for causing the defect of the uniform performance of the ink color is searched. Packaging printing sometimes also needs to print full-page ground color, and the ground color is printed with gold stamping or theme pictures and texts; but more commonly, the pages are printed with uniform color at local positions, for example, packaging printing often overprints a large area of uniform ground color around the subject image and text to set off the subject, as shown in fig. 2, the gray portions represent a uniform color obtained by spot color printing or multi-color flat screen overprinting, and the central blank portion overprints the subject image and text.
According to the size specification of the printed sheet, cutting the coated paper which has the same size with the printed sheet and the quantitative weight of about 80-120 g, and hollowing the part to be measured in a transverse row-by-row longitudinal row arrangement mode. If the color is uniform in the full printing plate, as shown in fig. 1, the whole printing plate is hollowed out along the row and column directions by using a cutter, the detection part is hollowed out, the size of each hollowed-out part is about 1.5 cm × 1.5 cm, rectangular hollowed-out spaces are formed, the spaces are aligned along the row and column directions, the distance between every two spaces is determined according to the requirement of detection precision, and if the requirement of the detection precision on the uniformity is high, the distance is small, but is generally not less than 2.5 cm; if the detection requirement is relatively low, the spacing of the spaces may be increased. If a large area of uniform ground color is printed locally, if the gray part is shown in fig. 2, the detection part is hollowed by a cutter along the row and column directions in the uniform color coverage area to be detected, and white paper is reserved at the part outside the uniform color area, as shown in fig. 3.
The programming controls a colorimeter, such as an aeolian-one Pro spectrophotometer or the like, and three editable text boxes a1, a2 and A3 are provided on the program interface, the number of rows r of spaces is entered in the a1 text box, for example, in fig. 3, the number of rows is 8, and the number of columns c of spaces is entered in the a2 text box, for example, in fig. 3, the number of columns is 13. If the color to be measured has a target color value, e.g. L*a*b*A numerical value entered in the A3 text box; if the target color sample of the color to be measured is a physical sample, program control is usedA color measuring instrument is manufactured, the color of the sample is measured in a single-point measurement mode, and the measurement result is displayed in an A3 text box; if the color to be tested does not have the target color, the A3 text box is left blank.
After the input is completed, the user clicks the confirm button, and the program reads the number of rows r and the number of columns c in the text boxes A1 and A2, reads the text in the text box A3, and if the text box A3 is not empty, separates the text boxes according to the space character, and converts the text boxes into L*a*b*Numerical values, are
If the A3 text box is empty, order
The value was (10000). The program then generates a test page, which is an isosceles right triangle with r rows and c columns arranged on the interface, for example, fig. 3 will generate an array of right triangles with 8 rows and 13 columns, wherein the color of each triangle is the target color, as shown in fig. 4
And after converting the RGB value into the RGB value of the sRGB color space, setting the color effect of filling color display according to the RGB value. The non-space position cancels the selected state of the multiple selection box against the stencil, as shown in row 1, column 3 of FIG. 4.
Covering the printed sheet to be measured with the hollowed white paper, aligning the paper edge with the side edge and the front edge of the printed sheet, placing the measuring guide rail along the hollowed part in the first line, clicking the measuring start button on the program interface, reading the position information of the selected multiple selection frames by the program, and obtaining the number of the measurements in each line, which is respectively recorded as n1、n2、……、nrStoring in the memory; the measuring position of the instrument is positioned on the white paper on the left side of the first blank of the first line, and the measuring equipment is moved along the guide rail in a scanning measuring mode to carry out measurement until the measuring head of the instrument reaches the white paper on the right side of the last blank of the first line. During the scanning measurement of the color measuring instrument, the program begins from the first hollowed part to distinguish different color differences based on the measured color differenceColor, stopping measurement when moving to right paper edge, and obtaining the number w of color blocks to be measured of the current line1，w1Including the number of colors of the printed sheets in the excavated area and the white paper color between every two excavated areas if
Indicating that the detection process is wrong, prompting the program to re-measure the current line, and re-measuring according to the prompting of the program; if it is not
Indicating the detection process is normal, the program acquires the detection values, and takes out the 1 st, 3 rd, … … th and w th ones at intervals1Converting the detection values into RGB values of an sRGB color space, filling colors according to the RGB values on the right lower side of a triangle with a first row of multi-selection boxes in a selected state on an interface in the order from left to right, forming squares for respectively filling a target color and a current measurement color, and as shown in FIG. 5, visually comparing the difference between the current measurement color and the target color, simultaneously, prompting a text on a program interface to measure a next row, moving a color measuring instrument to the left paper side of the next row, measuring the next row by adopting the same method until the last row is measured, obtaining all measurement values and recording the measurement values as
j is from 1 to (n)1+n2+…+nr) Is a natural number of (1).
If the target color
The value is not (10000), and the value of each measured color is calculated
Value and target color
Difference in color Δ E between valuesS_jMarking the square corresponding to the measurement color on the interface; finding Delta ES_jAverage value, recorded as Δ ES_ave(ii) a Finding out Delta ES_jMaximum value of (1), is recorded as the maximum target hue difference value Δ ES_maxThe color block of the maximum target color difference is shown by a red box, as shown in the 1 st row and the 2 nd column of FIG. 5; color difference Δ E according to each measured colorS_jCalculating a root mean square error value RMSE for evaluating the degree of deviation of the current printed color from the target color, and determining a deviation of Δ ES_ave、ΔES_maxAnd the RMSE value is displayed on a detection interface, and the RMSE calculation method comprises the following steps:
rn＝n1+n2+…+nr
if the target color
The value is (10000), indicating that no target color requirement is specified, and the above analysis of the color difference between the currently detected color and the target color and the recording on the program interface are ignored.
Calculate the average of all measured colors, and record as
Then calculate each measured color
And
difference in color Δ E betweena_jMarked below the corresponding measurement color; finding Delta Ea_jAverage value, recorded as Δ Ea_aveFinding out Delta Ea_jThe maximum value of (1) is recorded as the maximum average color difference value Delta Ea_maxThe color block of the maximum color difference is shown by a yellow box, as shown in the 2 nd row and the 4 th column of FIG. 5; according to Δ Ea_jThe value, the standard deviation σ, is calculated for evaluating the ink color uniformity of the entire layout, Δ Ea_ave、ΔEa_maxAnd the sigma value is displayed on the detection interface,the calculation method of sigma is as follows:
find the measurement color L of each column*a*b*Average of values, as in FIG. 3, column 1 is the 8 color average and column 3 is the 2 color average, and then the sum of the average color values for each column is calculated
The color difference between them, from left to right, is denoted as Δ Ea_pP is a natural number from 1 to c, the number of left-to-right spaces is used as an abscissa, the chromatic aberration is used as an ordinate, and the average chromatic aberration Delta E of each corresponding column is calculateda_pMarked on a graph, as shown in fig. 6, for evaluating the variation in the ink color uniformity across the printed sheet.
Calculate per line measurement color L*a*b*Average of values, as in FIG. 3, row 1 is the average of 13 colors and column 2 is the average of 7 colors, and then the sum of the average color values of each row is calculated
The color difference therebetween, from bottom to top, is denoted as Δ Ea_qQ is a natural number from 1 to r, the number of spaces from bottom to top is used as the ordinate, the chromatic aberration is used as the abscissa, and the corresponding average chromatic aberration delta E of each line is calculateda_qMarked on another graph for evaluating the variation of the ink color uniformity in the longitudinal direction of the printed sheet.
While the preferred embodiments and principles of this invention have been described in detail, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variations may be made in the embodiments based on the teachings of the invention and such variations are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for detecting color uniformity of a printed large area, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1, according to the specification of a printed sheet, utilizing white paper with the same size as the printed sheet to hollowing out the part to be measured in a mode of transversely arranging lines and longitudinally forming rows to form a rectangular hollow space;
step 2, compiling a program to control a color measuring instrument, and generating an array taking the target color as a filling color according to the number of lines and columns on a program interface after inputting the number of lines, the number of columns and the target color of the hollow grids, wherein a multi-choice frame is arranged below each element in the array, so that the multi-choice frame corresponding to the hollow grids is in a selected state;
step 3, covering the hollow white paper on the printed sheet to be detected, placing the measuring guide rail above the hollow grid rows, measuring the color of the printed sheet at the hollow grid positions in a scanning measurement mode line by line to obtain the color measured value of the printed sheet at the corresponding position of the hollow grid, and marking the target color below the row of the target color on the interface by using the printed sheet measured color as filling color;
step 4, if the target color is empty, turning to step 5; if the target color is not empty, after all measurements are completed, calculating the color difference between the printed sheet measurement color corresponding to each hollowed-out space and the target color, and marking the color difference above the corresponding filling color on the interface; calculating the maximum color difference, the average color difference and the root mean square error between the measured color of the printed sheet corresponding to all the hollowed-out spaces and the target color, and marking the maximum color difference, the average color difference and the root mean square error on an interface;
step 5, calculating the average value of all the measured colors of the printed sheets, calculating the color difference between each measured color of the printed sheets and the average value, and marking the color difference below the corresponding filling color on the interface; calculating the maximum color difference, the average color difference and the standard deviation between the measured color of the printed sheet and the average value, and marking the maximum color difference, the average color difference and the standard deviation on an interface;
step 6, solving the average value of each row of measured colors on the printed sheets, calculating the color difference between the average value of the measured colors of all the printed sheets, marking the corresponding average color difference of each row on a coordinate graph by taking the number of hollowed grids from left to right as abscissa scales and the color difference as ordinate; calculating the average value of the colors of each row on the printed sheets, calculating the color difference between the average value and the average value of the measured colors of all the printed sheets, taking the number of the hollow grids from bottom to top as the ordinate scale and the color difference as the abscissa, and marking the corresponding average color difference of each row on another coordinate graph.
2. The method of claim 1 for detecting color uniformity of a printed large area, comprising: the step 1 of hollowing the part to be measured in a mode of transversely forming rows and longitudinally forming columns is to use a cutter to cut white paper corresponding to the part to be detected into hollow spaces, each hollow space is a rectangle of 1.5 cm multiplied by 1.5 cm, the distance between every two hollow spaces is determined according to the requirement of detection precision, but is not less than 2.5 cm, and the hollow spaces are aligned along the directions of the rows and the columns.
3. The method of claim 1 for detecting color uniformity of a printed large area, comprising: step 2, the target color is a color numerical value, a color sample or has no target color requirement, and if the target color is the color numerical value, the numerical value is input in the text box; if the target color is a color sample, controlling a color measuring instrument by using a program, measuring the color of the sample in a single-point measurement mode, and displaying the measurement result in a text box; if there is no target color requirement, the corresponding text box is left blank.
4. The method of claim 1 for detecting color uniformity of a printed large area, comprising: step 3, measuring the color of the printed sheet at the hollow space in a scanning measurement mode line by line, specifically: reading the position information of the selected multiple selection frames to obtain the measurement quantity of each row, and respectively recording the measurement quantity as n1、n2、……、nr(ii) a Positioning the measuring part of the instrument on the white paper on the left side of the first hollow space in the first row, and moving the measuring equipment along the guide rail in a scanning measurement mode to measure until the measuring head of the instrument reaches the white paper on the right side of the last hollow space in the first row; the program obtains the number w of color blocks to be measured of the current line1If, if
Program prompts to re-measure the current line, and re-measuring according to the prompts; if it is not
The program acquires the detection values, and takes out the 1 st, 3 rd and … … th ones at intervalsW th1The detection values are measured color values of printed sheets at positions corresponding to the left-to-right hollowed spaces, the measured color values are converted into RGB values of an sRGB color space, and colors are filled in the right lower side of the selected triangle in the first line of the interface according to the RGB values;
measuring the next line by the same method until the last line is measured, and obtaining all the measured values and recording the measured values as
j is from 1 to (n)1+n2+…+nr) Is a natural number of (1).
5. The method of claim 1 for detecting color uniformity of a printed large area, comprising: the method also comprises the following steps of using the color effect of each color block shown in a figure, specifically: and converting the detection values of the standard color and each measurement color into RGB values of an sRGB color space, and then using a square, wherein the color of the upper left triangle is set according to the RGB values of the standard color, and the color of the lower right triangle is set according to the RGB values of the measurement colors.
6. The method of claim 1 for detecting color uniformity of a printed large area, comprising: the white paper is white coated paper.
7. A method of detecting large area color uniformity of printing as claimed in claim 1 or 6, wherein: the white paper is white coated paper, and the weight of the white coated paper is 80-120 g.
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| CN116404318B (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2024-03-22 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Battery cell |
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