CN114210836B - Combined shearing, extruding and deforming device for magnesium alloy - Google Patents

Combined shearing, extruding and deforming device for magnesium alloy Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114210836B
CN114210836B CN202111519613.2A CN202111519613A CN114210836B CN 114210836 B CN114210836 B CN 114210836B CN 202111519613 A CN202111519613 A CN 202111519613A CN 114210836 B CN114210836 B CN 114210836B
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plane
upper die
blank
lower die
main body
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CN114210836A (en
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于建民
李兆灿
张紫薇
路栋梁
张琦琳
郑志义
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North University of China
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/10Die sets; Pillar guides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/06Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a magnesium alloy combined shearing, extruding and deforming device which comprises an upper die assembly fixed on an upper die holder of a press and a lower die assembly fixed on a lower die holder of the press, wherein the upper die assembly comprises an upper die main body and four lateral support arms, and the lower die assembly comprises a lower die main body and four sliding blocks; the upper die body and the lower die body are used for placing blanks, the lower surface of the upper die body is matched with the upper surface of the lower die body, multistage planes are respectively arranged at intervals in height, and the two adjacent stages of planes are connected through an inclined plane so as to enable the blanks to be sheared and deformed when the upper die assembly descends relative to the lower die assembly; four side direction support arms are fixed around the upper die main body, and four sliding blocks and four side direction support arms form wedge fit and slide and set up in lower die main body upper surface to when the upper die subassembly descends relative lower die subassembly, extrude the blank from the blank all around respectively. The invention makes the processing technology of the magnesium alloy large plastic deformation material simpler and more feasible, and improves the production efficiency.

Description

Combined shearing, extruding and deforming device for magnesium alloy
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of stamping dies, in particular to a magnesium alloy combined shearing, extruding and deforming device.
Background
The large plastic deformation technology (SEVERE PLASTIC Deformation, SPD) has great potential for refining the grains of the coarse-grain material to the nanometer level, is a unique preparation process of ultrafine-grain metal and alloy materials thereof, which is developed gradually in recent years, and only needs to place the material at a lower temperature during processing, so that the material is subjected to severe plastic deformation under the action of larger external pressure, and further, the purpose of refining the grains is achieved, and an ultrafine grain structure is obtained, so that the mechanical property of the material is greatly improved, the large plastic deformation technology shows obvious technical advantages and development prospects in the aspects of high-performance magnesium alloy preparation and processing, but the existing device capable of enabling the material to generate large plastic deformation is complex in most of the processes of realizing the large plastic deformation of the material, such as reciprocating extrusion, equal channel corner extrusion, high-pressure torsional deformation and the like, and the processing efficiency on a workpiece is lower.
In view of this, if a die mounted on the existing pressure can be applied, the blank in the die is simultaneously sheared and extruded to deform by the relative movement of the upper die holder and the lower die holder of the press, so as to generate severe deformation, realize the purpose of refining grains by large plastic deformation, make the processing technology of the large plastic deformation material simpler and easier, and further improve the production efficiency of the large plastic deformation material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a magnesium alloy combined type shearing extrusion deformation device, which overcomes the defects, so that the processing technology of the large plastic deformation material is simpler and more feasible, and the production efficiency of the large plastic deformation material is further improved.
To achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention is: the magnesium alloy combined shearing, extruding and deforming device comprises an upper die assembly fixed on an upper die holder of a press machine and a lower die assembly fixed on a lower die holder of the press machine, wherein the upper die assembly comprises an upper die main body and four lateral support arms, and the lower die assembly comprises a lower die main body and four sliding blocks;
The upper die body and the lower die body are used for placing blanks, the lower surface of the upper die body is matched with the upper surface of the lower die body, multistage planes are respectively arranged at intervals in height, and the adjacent two stages of planes are connected through an inclined plane, so that when the upper die assembly descends relative to the lower die assembly, the blanks between the upper die body and the lower die body are subjected to shearing deformation;
the four lateral support arms are fixed on the periphery of the upper die main body, and the four sliding blocks are matched with the four lateral support arms in a wedge manner and are arranged on the upper surface of the lower die main body in a sliding manner, so that when the upper die assembly descends relative to the lower die assembly, the blanks are extruded from the periphery of the blanks respectively.
Further, the four lateral support arms are detachably fixed on the upper die main body respectively, and the four sliding blocks are detachably arranged on the lower die main body in a sliding manner respectively.
Further, the upper die main body is provided with a clearance groove for clearance of the four sliding blocks.
Further, the lower die body is provided with a T-shaped groove corresponding to each sliding block, and one sliding block is correspondingly clamped with one T-shaped groove and slides along the T-shaped groove.
Further, the upper surface of lower mould main part is formed with first plane, second plane, first inclined plane, first plane is higher than the second plane, first plane with pass through between the second plane first inclined plane is connected, the lower surface of upper mould main part is formed with third plane, fourth plane, second inclined plane, the third plane is higher than the fourth plane, pass through between the third plane with the fourth plane second inclined plane is connected, the third plane is located first plane top, the fourth plane is located second plane top.
Further, the first plane, the first inclined plane and the second plane are in fillet transition, and the third plane, the second inclined plane and the fourth plane are in fillet transition.
Further, the lengths of the first plane and the second plane corresponding to the blank are L 1=L3 =50-70 mm, and the length of the first inclined plane is L 2 =30-50 mm;
The radius of the fillet between the first plane and the first inclined plane is R 1 = 6-11 mm, and the radius of the fillet between the first inclined plane and the second plane is R 2 = 5-10 mm;
the included angle between the first plane and the first inclined plane and the included angle between the second plane and the first inclined plane are θ 1=θ2 =120-170 degrees.
Further, support arm inclined planes are formed at the contact positions of the four lateral support arms and the four sliding blocks, and included angles between the support arm inclined planes and the vertical direction are alpha=12°.
Further, the blank has a plate shape, and the lower die main body and the upper die main body are respectively provided with a blank fixing groove extending in the front-rear direction and the width direction of the blank.
Further, the depth of the blank fixing groove is 1-3 mm, the thickness of the blank is 5-12 mm, the ratio of the length of the blank to the thickness is 5:1-10:1, and the ratio of the width of the blank to the thickness is 3:1-7:1.
After the scheme is adopted, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the lower surface of the upper die main body is matched with the upper surface of the lower die main body, multilevel planes are respectively arranged at intervals in height, two adjacent levels of planes are connected through an inclined plane, so that blanks positioned between the upper die main body and the lower die main body are sheared and deformed when the upper die assembly descends relative to the lower die assembly, and the four sliding blocks are matched with the four lateral support arms to form wedge blocks and are arranged on the upper surface of the lower die main body in a sliding manner, so that when the upper die assembly descends relative to the lower die assembly, blanks are extruded from the periphery of the blanks respectively; the upper die main body and the lower die main body are driven to move through relative movement between the upper die base and the lower die base of the existing press, meanwhile, blanks are sheared and extruded to deform, deformation degree of the blanks is increased, production efficiency of large plastic deformation materials is improved, processing of the large plastic deformation materials is easier to implement, the sliding blocks extrude the blanks, and the blanks are fixed, so that shearing deformation is guaranteed to occur at a preset position on a workpiece, position deviation of the shearing deformation is prevented from being finally generated due to position change of the workpiece in the shearing process, and shearing deformation effect of the workpiece is affected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of the present invention in one shear and one press;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of the present invention in one shear and two presses;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of the invention in one shear and three presses;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of the invention in the front-rear direction when shearing three presses;
fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention in the front-rear direction when the pressure is applied.
Description of the reference numerals: 1-upper die assembly, 2-lower die assembly, 3-upper die body, 4-lateral support arm, 5-lower die body, 6-slide block, 7-blank, 8-plane, 9-inclined plane, 10-blank fixing groove, 11-avoidance groove, 12-T-shaped groove, 13-first plane, 14-second plane, 15-first inclined plane, 16-third plane, 17-fourth plane, 18-second inclined plane, 19-support arm inclined plane.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a magnesium alloy combined type shearing, extruding and deforming device, which is shown in fig. 1-5, and comprises an upper die assembly 1 fixed on an upper die holder of a press machine and a lower die assembly 2 fixed on a lower die holder of the press machine, wherein the press machine is in the prior art (not shown in the drawing), the connection and fixation modes of the upper die assembly 1 and the lower die assembly 2 and the upper die holder and the lower die holder of the press machine are not particularly limited, the upper die assembly 1 comprises an upper die main body 3 and four lateral support arms 4, and the lower die assembly 2 comprises a lower die main body 5 and four sliding blocks 6;
The blank 7 is placed between the upper die body 3 and the lower die body 5, the blank 7 is plate-shaped, the lower die body 5 and the upper die body 3 are respectively provided with blank fixing grooves 10 which extend in the front-back direction (namely along the length direction of the blank) and the width direction of the blank 7, so that the blank 7 is positioned and primarily fixed, the lower surface of the upper die body 3 and the upper surface outline of the lower die body 5 can be mutually attached, the lower surface of the upper die body 3 and the upper surface of the lower die body 5 are mutually matched, multistage planes 8 are respectively arranged at intervals in height, and adjacent two stages of planes 8 are connected through an inclined plane 9, so that when the upper die assembly 1 is arranged downwards relative to the lower die assembly 2, the blank 7 positioned between the upper die body 3 and the lower die body 5 is subjected to shearing deformation; referring to fig. 5, in particular, in this embodiment, a first plane 13, a second plane 14, and a first inclined plane 15 are formed on the upper surface of the lower die main body 5, where the first plane 13 is higher than the second plane 14, the first plane 13 and the second plane 14 are connected by the first inclined plane 15, and rounded corners among the first plane 13, the first inclined plane 15, and the second plane 14 are in transition; a third plane 16, a fourth plane 17 and a second inclined plane 18 are formed on the lower surface of the upper die body 3, the third plane 16 is higher than the fourth plane 17, the third plane 16 and the fourth plane 17 are connected through the second inclined plane 18, rounded corners among the third plane 16, the second inclined plane 18 and the fourth plane 17 are transited, when a blank is not placed and the upper die body 3 is pressed with the lower die body 5, the first plane 13 is correspondingly attached to the third plane 16, the second plane 14 is correspondingly attached to the fourth plane 17, the first inclined plane 15 is correspondingly attached to the second inclined plane 18, and then when the blank 7 is placed between the upper die body 3 and the lower die body 5 and the lower die assembly 2 is lowered, the blank 7 is subjected to shearing deformation along the trend of the lower surface of the upper die body 3 and the upper surface of the lower die body 5;
The four lateral support arms 4 are fixed around the upper die main body 3, and in this embodiment, the four lateral support arms 4 are detachably screwed and fixed on the upper die main body 3 respectively; the four sliding blocks 6 are matched with the four lateral supporting arms 4 in a wedge manner and are arranged on the upper surface of the lower die main body 5 in a sliding manner, the four sliding blocks 6 are respectively and detachably arranged on the lower die main body 5 in a sliding manner, two sliding block groups are formed in pairs, the lower die main body 5 is correspondingly provided with a T-shaped groove 12 corresponding to each sliding block 6, one sliding block 6 is correspondingly connected with one T-shaped groove 12 in a clamping manner and slides along the extending direction of the T-shaped groove 12, the extending directions of the four T-shaped grooves 12 are respectively and correspondingly perpendicular to the peripheral surface of the blank 7, the upper die main body 3 is provided with a position avoiding groove 11 for the four sliding blocks 6, and then the four lateral supporting arms 4 and the four sliding blocks 6 are selectively assembled according to actual production requirements, so that the four sliding blocks 6 are respectively extruded from the periphery of the blank 7 when the upper die assembly 1 is arranged downwards relative to the lower die assembly 2, and the position avoiding grooves 11 are used for providing flash of the blank 7 in the extrusion and deformation process. With emphasis on fig. 3, when the four sliding blocks 6 are all detached from the four lateral support arms 4, only the blank 7 is sheared, and the blank 7 is extruded in the vertical direction (namely, sheared and pressed); with emphasis on fig. 2, when the corresponding slide block 6 and the lateral support arm 4 are installed in the left-right or front-rear direction, the blank 7 is extruded in the left-right or front-rear direction (namely, one shear and two presses) while being sheared and extruded in the vertical direction; with reference to fig. 1, when all the four sliding blocks 6 and the four lateral support arms 4 are installed, the blank 7 is extruded in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction (namely, one shear three-pressure) while being sheared and extruded in the vertical direction, and when the blank 7 is extruded in the one shear two-pressure state and the one shear three-pressure state, the sliding blocks play a role in fixing the blank 7 while playing a role in extruding the blank 7, so that the blank 7 is prevented from displacing or deflecting in the descending process of the upper die assembly 1 relative to the lower die assembly 2, the position where the blank 7 actually generates shearing deformation is different from the preset position, and the deformation effect generated after the blank 7 is jointly acted by the shearing deformation and the extruding deformation is affected.
Referring to fig. 4, the lengths of the first plane 13 and the second plane 14 corresponding to the blank 7 (the lengths of the first plane 13 and the second plane 14 directly below the blank 7 when the blank 7 is placed between the upper die body 3 and the lower die body 5 before being deformed) are L 1=L3 =50-70 mm, and the length of the first inclined plane 15 is L 2 =30-50 mm; the fillet radius between the first plane 13 and the first inclined plane 15 is R 1 = 6-11 mm, and the fillet radius between the first inclined plane 15 and the second plane 14 is R 2 = 5-10 mm; the included angle between the first plane 13 and the first inclined plane 15, and the included angle between the second plane 14 and the first inclined plane 15 are θ 1=θ2 =120-170 °. The contact positions of the four lateral support arms 4 and the four sliding blocks 6 are respectively provided with a support arm inclined surface 19, and the inclination angle of the support arm inclined surface 19 is determined according to the feeding speed of the sliding blocks 6 required in the actual processing process, and the method is not particularly limited. The depth of the blank fixing groove 10 is 1-3 mm, the thickness of the blank 7 is 5-12 mm, the ratio of the length of the blank 7 to the thickness is 5:1-10:1, and the ratio of the width of the blank 7 to the thickness is 3:1-7:1. Further, after the billet 7 is sheared and extruded, the cumulative shearing strain of the billet 7 can reach 0.364-5.671, and the equivalent strain can reach 0.210-3.274.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the thickness of the blank 7 is 7mm, the length is 45mm, and the width is 30mm.
The method for carrying out large plastic deformation processing on the blank by using the combined shearing and extrusion die comprises the following steps:
S1, preparation before molding: at least one slide block group is arranged on the lower die main body 5, a blank 7 is placed between the upper die main body 3, the lower die main body 5 and two slide blocks 6 of each slide block group, the blank 7 is clamped in the blank fixing groove 10 along the width direction, specifically, the slide block group is not arranged when only shearing and vertical extrusion of the blank 7 are needed, one slide block group is arranged when shearing and vertical extrusion of the blank 7 are needed and extrusion along the left and right or front and back directions is also needed, and the two slide block groups are arranged on the lower die main body 5 when shearing and vertical extrusion of the blank 7 are needed and extrusion along the left and right and front and back directions is also needed;
S2, blank positioning: the upper die holder of the press drives the upper die assembly 1 to move downwards, and each lateral support arm 4 pushes against the corresponding sliding block 6 to contact the blank 7 respectively so as to position the blank 7, so that each blank 7 with consistent dimension specifications is positioned in the same position relation with the upper die assembly 1 and the lower die assembly 2, and the shearing and extrusion deformation effects of each subsequent blank 7 are the same;
s3, shearing and extruding: the upper die holder of the press is enabled to drive the upper die assembly 1 to continue to move downwards, and each lateral support arm 4 is enabled to continuously push the corresponding sliding block 6 to slide towards the blank 7 so as to clamp and enable the blank 7 to be extruded and deformed; meanwhile, the multistage plane 8 pushes the blank 7 in the descending process of the upper die assembly 1 to enable the blank 7 to be subjected to shearing deformation, specifically, in the descending process of the upper die assembly 1, the fourth plane 17 and the first plane 13 push the blank 7 from the upper side and the lower side of the blank 7 respectively to enable the blank 7 to be subjected to shearing deformation until the blank 7 contacts the third plane 16 and the second plane 14 to finish shearing deformation, and when the sliding block set is installed, the sliding block set has a fixing effect on the blank 7 besides the blank 7, so that the shearing deformation is ensured to occur at a preset position on a workpiece, and the position deviation of the shearing deformation caused by pose change of the workpiece in the shearing process is prevented, and the shearing deformation effect of the workpiece is affected.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not limited to the present invention, and all equivalent changes made according to the design key of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A magnesium alloy combined shearing, extruding and deforming device is characterized in that: the die comprises an upper die assembly (1) fixed on an upper die holder of a press and a lower die assembly (2) fixed on a lower die holder of the press, wherein the upper die assembly (1) comprises an upper die main body (3) and four lateral support arms (4), and the lower die assembly (2) comprises a lower die main body (5) and four sliding blocks (6);
The upper die body (3) and the lower die body (5) are used for placing blanks (7), the lower surface of the upper die body (3) is matched with the upper surface of the lower die body (5), multistage planes (8) are respectively arranged at intervals in height, and the adjacent two stages of planes (8) are connected through an inclined plane (9) so that when the upper die assembly (1) descends relative to the lower die assembly (2), the blanks (7) between the upper die body (3) and the lower die body (5) are subjected to shearing deformation;
The four lateral support arms (4) are fixed on the periphery of the upper die main body (3), and the four sliding blocks (6) are matched with the four lateral support arms (4) in a wedge manner and are arranged on the upper surface of the lower die main body (5) in a sliding manner, so that when the upper die assembly (1) descends relative to the lower die assembly (2), the blanks (7) are extruded from the periphery of the blanks (7) respectively;
The upper die holder of the press drives the upper die assembly (1) to descend, and each lateral support arm (4) pushes the corresponding sliding block (6) to contact the blank (7) so as to position the blank (7); the upper die holder of the press drives the upper die assembly (1) to continue to move downwards, and each lateral support arm (4) continuously pushes the corresponding sliding block (6) to slide towards the blank (7) so as to clamp and enable the blank (7) to be extruded and deformed; simultaneously, the multistage plane (8) pushes the blank (7) in the descending process of the upper die assembly (1) so as to enable the blank (7) to be subjected to shearing deformation.
2. A combined shear extrusion deformation apparatus for magnesium alloy as defined in claim 1, wherein: the four lateral support arms (4) are respectively and detachably fixed on the upper die main body (3), and the four sliding blocks (6) are respectively and detachably arranged on the lower die main body (5) in a sliding manner.
3. A combined shear extrusion deformation apparatus for magnesium alloy as defined in claim 1, wherein: and a clearance groove (11) for avoiding the four sliding blocks (6) is formed in the upper die main body (3).
4. A combined shear extrusion deformation apparatus for magnesium alloy as defined in claim 1, wherein: the lower die body (5) is provided with a T-shaped groove (12) corresponding to each sliding block (6), and one sliding block (6) is correspondingly clamped with one T-shaped groove (12) and slides along the T-shaped groove (12).
5. A combined shear extrusion deformation apparatus for magnesium alloy as defined in claim 1, wherein: the upper surface of lower mould main part (5) is formed with first plane (13), second plane (14), first inclined plane (15), first plane (13) are higher than second plane (14), first plane (13) with pass through between second plane (14) first inclined plane (15) are connected, the lower surface of last mould main part (3) is formed with third plane (16), fourth plane (17), second inclined plane (18), third plane (16) are higher than fourth plane (17), third plane (16) with pass through between fourth plane (17) second inclined plane (18) are connected, third plane (16) are located first plane (13) top, fourth plane (17) are located second plane (14) top.
6. The magnesium alloy combined shear extrusion deformation apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the first plane (13), the first inclined plane (15) and the second plane (14) are in fillet transition, and the third plane (16), the second inclined plane (18) and the fourth plane (17) are in fillet transition.
7. The magnesium alloy combined shear extrusion deformation apparatus of claim 6, wherein: the lengths of the first plane (13) and the second plane (14) corresponding to the blank (7) are L 1=L3 =50-70 mm, and the lengths of the first inclined planes (15) are L 2 =30-50 mm;
the radius of a fillet between the first plane (13) and the first inclined plane (15) is R 1 = 6-11 mm, and the radius of a fillet between the first inclined plane (15) and the second plane (14) is R 2 = 5-10 mm;
The included angle between the first plane (13) and the first inclined plane (15) and the included angle between the second plane (14) and the first inclined plane (15) are θ 1=θ2 =120-170 degrees.
8. A combined shear extrusion deformation apparatus for magnesium alloy as defined in claim 1, wherein: the contact positions of the four lateral support arms (4) and the four sliding blocks (6) are respectively provided with a support arm inclined surface (19), and the included angles between the support arm inclined surfaces (19) and the vertical direction are alpha=12 degrees.
9. A combined shear extrusion deformation apparatus for magnesium alloy as defined in claim 1, wherein: the blank (7) is plate-shaped, and the lower die main body (5) and the upper die main body (3) are respectively provided with a blank fixing groove (10) extending in the front-rear direction and the width direction of the blank (7).
10. The magnesium alloy combined shear extrusion deforming apparatus as in claim 9, wherein: the depth of the blank fixing groove (10) is 1-3 mm, the thickness of the blank (7) is 5-12 mm, the ratio of the length of the blank (7) to the thickness is 5:1-10:1, and the ratio of the width of the blank (7) to the thickness is 3:1-7:1.
CN202111519613.2A 2021-12-13 2021-12-13 Combined shearing, extruding and deforming device for magnesium alloy Active CN114210836B (en)

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