CN102234752A - Method for preparing titanium alloy micron/nano bulk by twisting-shearing combined extrusion - Google Patents
Method for preparing titanium alloy micron/nano bulk by twisting-shearing combined extrusion Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a titanium alloy micron/nano bulk by twisting-shearing combined extrusion, which belongs to the technical field of the preparation of titanium alloy micron/nano bulks. A twisting extrusion severe plastic deformation (SPD) process and a shearing extrusion SPD process are combined to exert effects, so that extrusion directions before and after deformation are consistent; a deformation area material bears hydrostatic pressure, and the defects of a microcosmic material are overcome; simultaneously, the twisting extrusion means axial symmetry shearing deformation which takes an extrusion shaft as a central shaft, the shearing extrusion means shearing deformation vertical to the extrusion shaft, and the two kinds of plastic deformation have different shearing directions and have the complementarity of refining grains; a high-performance micron/nano titanium alloy bulk material is prepared by the optimization combination of the two extrusion machining processes; and rotary type fine crystals which are prepared from the bulk material are subjected to shearing extrusion deformation, elongate rotary fine grains are subjected to repeated shearing deformation vertical to the direction of the extrusion shaft, and further refined grains are formed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to by mechanical workout and prepare the high-performance metal materials technical field, is that the violent plastic making refinement of a kind of torsional shear coextrusion titanium alloy crystal grain is that the micro-nano order of magnitude is to improve the method for its comprehensive mechanics and mechanical property.
Background technology
Titanium or titanium alloy has that density is little, outstanding, the nonmagnetic advantage such as weld of specific tenacity specific rigidity height, good corrosion resistance, mechanical behavior under high temperature excellence, antifatigue and creep property, all is used widely in fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, chemical industry, weapons, naval vessel, the energy.Particularly at aerospace field, titanium alloy has become one of primary structure material of advanced aircraft and aircraft engine, also becomes the important symbol of weighing the advanced degree of aircraft selection.But meanwhile, the continuous development of aeronautical and space technology is also had higher requirement as the comprehensive mechanical performance of structured material to titanium alloy.
Nanotechnology is the emerging technology that begins to develop the beginning of the nineties in last century, mainly is to explore between grand microcosmic but more approach the characteristics of motion and the interaction relationship thereof of the nanoscale substance system of microcosmic.Owing to its huge pushing effect to science and technology such as information science, life science and Materials science is subjected to the great attention of countries in the world and is able to fast development, all be used widely in fields such as material, information, the energy, environment, life and military affairs at present.
The metal nano polycrystal is the crossing research field of nanomaterial science and nanomechanics, mainly studies various organization mechanics performances, feature and the rule of the metal polycrystal between grain-size 1～100nm, is the important component part of modern nanotechnology.Because the atomicity that the nano-multicrystal body comprises is between 10
2～10
7Between, various microcosmic thermokinetics statistical shortcomings such as room, gap substitutional atom, dislocation fault no longer have the macroscopic statistics rule, the material microdefect of crystals significantly reduces, part crystal even approach perfect crystal, show high strength of materials feature, wherein the increase rate of elastic stiffness and plastic strength can reach 1000%.Obviously, if can prepare the Ti alloy with high performance block materials by the method for nanometer then for promoting titanium alloy as structural timber, especially the application of advanced configuration such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, plate armour material is with significant.
But the preparation method of metal current nano-multicrystal body still is in the exploratory stage, and commonly used have methods such as original position generation, powder metallurgy, amorphous crystallization, galvanic deposit, solidification Control and violent plastic making.Compare with preparation method based on physical and chemical process, (Severe Plastic Deformation, SPD) Zhi Bei nano-multicrystal body has that dense structure, pore-free crack and interface weakly connect, are difficult for introducing impurity, Interface Microstructure cleans and does not have advantage such as particle agglomeration in violent plastic making.But the bulk nanometer that solidifies preparation with nano particle is compared, there is nanocrystalline size in the bulk nanometer of at present violent plastic making preparation, and bigger than normal (problems such as (the macro-mechanical property increase rate only are 100%～120%) that there is saturation value in nanocrystalline diameter in 200nm～300nm), the repeated deformation process, the reinforcement amplitude is on the low side can't be given full play to nanocrystalline height and strengthen feature.
The major cause that causes these phenomenons is that shear-stress violent in the deformation process is when causing that crystal grain along shear direction violent relatively sliding takes place, the intracrystalline microplasticity behavior of shear surface two layers of material can't be coordinated interatomic bond and close rebuilding of relation, grain refining shows as cuts off the type refinement, and forming a large amount of is the microdefect of representative with tiny crack micropore hole.Especially for strengthening phase disperse distribution and strengthening element atomic radius and the bigger solid solution strengthened alloy of matrix atomic radius difference, growth of the forming core of its microdefect and distribution show more extensively and rapid.In addition because violent plastic making prepares nanocrystal based on shearing strain, distorted area material hydrostaticpressure is almost nil, the caused microdefect of violent shearing can't obtain closed timely and repair, causing by squeezing with isometrical angle is that the macro-mechanical property of micro-nano polycrystalline material of violent viscous deformation preparation of representative does not only significantly improve sometimes, even also can be lower than coarse-grain, had a strong impact on its application as structured material.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed at present violent plastic making prepares micro-nano polycrystal and exists nanocrystalline diameter saturated and the reinforcement amplitude is on the low side, can't give full play to the nanocrystalline high problem of strengthening feature, with the titanium alloy that is called as " space metal " and " marine metal " is main object, provided the novel method of a kind of compound plasticity shaping process preparation engineering structure with the micro-nano titanium alloy block materials of high quality, has the ability that to bring into play the strong shearing strain crystal grain thinning of violent plastic making, can significantly improve the micro-nano crystalloid amount of prepared titanium alloy by improving the microdefect in the closed forming process of distorted area hydrostaticpressure again simultaneously.
The present invention mainly comprises following content:
The first step: the preparation of titanium alloy blank and the manufacturing of mould, extruding and shear extrusion mould are reversed in processing and manufacturing accordingly at final titanium alloy material geometrical dimension;
Second goes on foot: reverse the violent plastic making of extruding: titanium alloy blank is placed reverse the extruding container, reverse extrusion mould by corresponding extrusion equipment cooperation and reverse the violent viscous deformation of extruding, relying in the extrusion process with the extrusion axis is the violent rotational symmetry shearing strain at center, under the condition that does not change the blank cross-sectional geometry, become to making the torsional deformation of titanium alloy crystal grain generation intensive, strenuous exercise by dislocation forms dislocation born of the same parents and subgrain fast, forms the first refinement to titanium alloy crystal grain;
The 3rd step: sampling analysis, Mechanics Performance Testing, and microstructure observation: carry out microscopic analysis for the tissue that reverses after the crimp, determine the variation of grain-size;
The 4th step: the violent plastic making of shear extrusion places the shear extrusion container with the titanium alloy blank after reversing crimp, by corresponding apparatus and cooperate the shear extrusion mould to carry out the violent viscous deformation of shear extrusion; By being the violent changing of the relative positions type shearing strain of the plane of symmetry with the extrusion axis horizontal plane in the extrusion process, under the condition that does not change the blank cross-sectional geometry, become to making titanium alloy crystal grain generation intensive changing of the relative positions distortion, rely on the further strenuous exercise of dislocation, the dislocation born of the same parents of extruding formation are reversed in driving and subgrain rotates and further distortion, finish the refinement once more to titanium alloy crystal grain;
The 5th step: sampling analysis, Mechanics Performance Testing, and microstructure observation; Carry out microscopic analysis for the tissue after the shear extrusion distortion, determine the variation of grain-size;
The 6th step: the circulation of violent plastic forming process is compound: in conjunction with the above-mentioned Microstructure characteristics of reversing extruding and shear extrusion, the circulation of carrying out violent plastic forming process is compound.
Principle of work of the present invention: by reversing the compound of violent plastic making of extruding and the violent plastic forming process of shear extrusion, bring into play two kinds of technology direction of extrusion distortion self-consistentencies, the distorted area material bears hydrostaticpressure, can repair the microcosmic fault in material, reverse extruding simultaneously for being the rotational symmetry shearing strain at center with the extrusion axis, shear extrusion is the shearing strain perpendicular to extrusion axis, two kinds of viscous deformation shear direction differences, complementarity with crystal grain thinning, by optimum combination to two kinds of extrusion processing passages, the micro-nano titanium alloy block materials of preparation high-performance.Titanium alloy material combines and is processed as pieces of bar stock with forging through casting or casting, reverse extruding by multi-pass and form that to have with the extrusion axis be the rotary-type thin crystalline substance at center, carry out the shear extrusion distortion on this basis, the rotary-type thin crystalline substance of extended is carried out forming further crystal grain thinning perpendicular to the axial shearing strain repeatedly of extruding.By to shear extrusion and the optimum combination of reversing the extruding multi-pass, process the micro-nano polycrystal of the thin brilliant high-strength titanium alloy of high quality.
Embodiment
Relate to the selection of preparation, the extrusion equipment of titanium alloy blank in the specific implementation process of the present invention, acutely shear and the manufacturing of violent extrusion mould, the design construction of compound violent plastic forming process, violent plastic making crimp and the materials microstructure after violent plastic making and the test analysis of performance, mainly comprise:
One: the manufacturing of the preparation of titanium alloy blank, lectotype selection and mould.The corresponding titanium alloy blank of geometrical dimension Design and Machining according to final shaping titanium alloy member.All do not change the cross-sectional shape of material owing to reverse extruding and shear extrusion, can repeated deformation, so the blank geometrical dimension can be identical with final required titanium alloy geometrical dimension, only stays a small amount of process redundancy to get final product.Finish simultaneously the type selecting of calculating extrusion pressure and extrusion equipment, and extruding and shear extrusion mould each one or more sets are reversed in processing and manufacturing accordingly according to the structure of final shaping titanium alloy member.
Two: compound violent plastic forming process design construction.According to the grand microtexture and the tissue characteristic of material, in conjunction with the corresponding compound violent plastic forming process of experimental result design construction.Mainly comprise compound violent plastic making order and processing passage.Because it is saturated that the grain refining of single violent plastic making exists, therefore identical passage extruding is no more than 4 times as far as possible.
Three: reverse/push compound violent plastic making.Reverse/push compound violent plastic making according to compound violent plastic forming process, rely on the distortion of violent rotational symmetry shearing strain of alternative and torsional shear to carry out grain refining.It should be noted that at this violent plastic forming process needs the lubricated of no-float, can select molybdenumdisulphide or high-performance nano lubricant for use.
Four: the material structure performance test analysis.The titanium alloy rod bar of finishing the course of processing is carried out macroscopic material performance and microtexture test, analyze final material property and tissue characteristic, carry out further compound violent plastic making processing for the bar that does not meet design requirement.
Five: the surface treatment of final drip molding, block and follow-up processing.Carry out surface treatment for the titanium alloy rod bar of analyzing after tested, and block and follow-up processing according to accessory size.
Embodiment 1
Length of side 10mm square sectional prepares ultra-fine brilliant TC series titanium alloy section bar.Because TC series titanium alloy microtexture is the alpha+beta phase, the intensity height, heat-treatable strengthened, the hot pressing processibility is good, performance has better comprehensive mechanical property, and its micro-nano polycrystalline bulk preparation can be adopted multi-pass to reverse extruding and process with multi-pass shear extrusion compound mode.
At first preparing the cross section is foursquare titanium alloy rod bar.Consider the requirement of surface quality and follow-up surperficial processing precision, can select the square sectional titanium alloy rod bar of 11X11mm, lead the r=1mm fillet, length can be determined according to the actual requirements.Next calculates squeeze, selects extrusion equipment and processing and manufacturing to reverse extruding and shear extrusion mould accordingly according to squeeze and working condition, and under the requirement of satisfying the extruding tonnage, extrusion equipment both can have been selected for use and vertically also can select horizontal extruder for use.Carry out compound violent plastic forming process design once more.Can select for use multi-pass to reverse the compound violent plastic forming process that extruding cooperates the multi-pass shear extrusion for the TC series alloy.The extruding passage can select the 3-4 passage to reverse extruding back cooperation 3-4 passage shear extrusion.
Carry out the violent plastic making of coextrusion on this basis, lubricate and to select molybdenumdisulphide or high-performance nano lubricant for use.After finally determining that by the structure property test microtexture meets design requirement, such as surface quality is had requirement then can by the mechanical workout mode to the processing bar carry out surface treatment, otherwise the micro-nano polycrystalline bulk of square sectional TC series titanium alloy section bar material can directly be delivered goods.
It is pointed out that for conventional titanium alloy, if be not very high to micro-nano polycrystal specification of quality, is the time of saving Mechanics Performance Testing and microtexture, can adopt four-pass to reverse extruding and cooperate the method for four-pass shear extrusion to process.
Embodiment 2
The micro-nano polycrystal of preparation 10mm*20mm square-section TA series titanium alloy section bar.TA series titanium alloy high-temperature performance is good, and tissue is stable, and weldability is good, be the chief component of heat-resistant titanium alloy, but normal temperature strength is low, and plasticity is not high enough, and it is compound that violent plastic making can select to reverse the circulation of extruding-shear extrusion-reverse extruding-shear extrusion.
The titanium alloy section bar that at first prepares the square-section.Can select the square-section titanium alloy rod bar of 11X22mm, lead the r=1mm fillet, length is determined according to the actual requirements.After this carry out calculating extrusion pressure, and select extrusion equipment and processing and manufacturing to reverse extruding and shear extrusion mould accordingly according to squeeze and working condition, extrusion equipment both can have been selected for use and vertically also can select horizontal extruder for use.Design compound violent plastic forming process on this basis, the circulation that can select to reverse extruding-shear extrusion-reverse extruding-shear extrusion is compound.
Carry out the violent plastic making of coextrusion according to extrusion process, the micro-nano polycrystal of processing and manufacturing TA series titanium alloy section bar.It should be noted that the length limit metal flow owing to blank is inconsistent in the extrusion process, so material needs the Rotate 180 degree to descend the distortion of a time after every time extruding, lubricates and can select molybdenumdisulphide or high-performance nano lubricant for use.On this basis, determine microtexture, meet the demands as structure property and then can carry out surface treatment to institute's processing bar and also block delivery on request by the mechanical workout mode by structure property test.
Claims (1)
1. the torsional shear coextrusion prepares titanium alloy micro-/ nano block method, it is characterized in that:
The first step: the preparation of titanium alloy blank and the manufacturing of mould, extruding and shear extrusion mould are reversed in processing and manufacturing accordingly at final titanium alloy material geometrical dimension;
Second goes on foot: reverse the violent plastic making of extruding: titanium alloy blank is placed reverse the extruding container, reverse extrusion mould by corresponding extrusion equipment cooperation and reverse the violent viscous deformation of extruding, relying in the extrusion process with the extrusion axis is the violent rotational symmetry shearing strain at center, under the condition that does not change the blank cross-sectional geometry, become to making the torsional deformation of titanium alloy crystal grain generation intensive, strenuous exercise by dislocation forms dislocation born of the same parents and subgrain fast, forms the first refinement to titanium alloy crystal grain;
The 3rd step: sampling analysis, Mechanics Performance Testing, and microstructure observation: carry out microscopic analysis for the tissue that reverses after the crimp, determine the variation of grain-size;
The 4th step: the violent plastic making of shear extrusion places the shear extrusion container with the titanium alloy blank after reversing crimp, by corresponding apparatus and cooperate the shear extrusion mould to carry out the violent viscous deformation of shear extrusion; By being the violent changing of the relative positions type shearing strain of the plane of symmetry with the extrusion axis horizontal plane in the extrusion process, under the condition that does not change the blank cross-sectional geometry, become to making titanium alloy crystal grain generation intensive changing of the relative positions distortion, rely on the further strenuous exercise of dislocation, the dislocation born of the same parents of extruding formation are reversed in driving and subgrain rotates and further distortion, finish the refinement once more to titanium alloy crystal grain;
The 5th step: sampling analysis, Mechanics Performance Testing, and microstructure observation; Carry out microscopic analysis for the tissue after the shear extrusion distortion, determine the variation of grain-size;
The 6th step: the circulation of violent plastic forming process is compound: in conjunction with the above-mentioned Microstructure characteristics of reversing extruding and shear extrusion, the circulation of carrying out violent plastic forming process is compound.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013044599A1 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-04 | 南京理工大学 | Method for achieving high-pressure shearing deformation in tube materials by wedge principle and apparatus therefor |
| CN107617645A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-23 | 东北大学 | Large plastometric set device under a kind of multi-thread torsion Strong shear racking strain path |
| CN110153211A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-23 | 西北工业大学 | The preparation facilities and manufacturing process of a kind of Ultra-fine Grained, nanocrystalline blank |
| CN111471890A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-07-31 | 北京大学口腔医学院 | Dental implant made of nanocrystalline metal/alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112958734A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-15 | 大连交通大学 | Preparation method and application of two-dimensional metal lithium |
Citations (3)
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| JP2008194749A (en) * | 2007-02-08 | 2008-08-28 | Susumu Mizunuma | Twist extruding method with strain distribution control |
| CN101259493A (en) * | 2008-04-10 | 2008-09-10 | 上海交通大学 | L shape equal channel reciprocating extrusion die for preparing ultra-fine crystal material |
| CN101966536A (en) * | 2010-09-22 | 2011-02-09 | 上海交通大学 | Torsion type reciprocating extrusion device and process method thereof |
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2011
- 2011-06-02 CN CN2011101471446A patent/CN102234752B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008194749A (en) * | 2007-02-08 | 2008-08-28 | Susumu Mizunuma | Twist extruding method with strain distribution control |
| CN101259493A (en) * | 2008-04-10 | 2008-09-10 | 上海交通大学 | L shape equal channel reciprocating extrusion die for preparing ultra-fine crystal material |
| CN101966536A (en) * | 2010-09-22 | 2011-02-09 | 上海交通大学 | Torsion type reciprocating extrusion device and process method thereof |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013044599A1 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-04 | 南京理工大学 | Method for achieving high-pressure shearing deformation in tube materials by wedge principle and apparatus therefor |
| CN107617645A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-23 | 东北大学 | Large plastometric set device under a kind of multi-thread torsion Strong shear racking strain path |
| CN110153211A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-23 | 西北工业大学 | The preparation facilities and manufacturing process of a kind of Ultra-fine Grained, nanocrystalline blank |
| CN110153211B (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-10-27 | 西北工业大学 | Preparation device and forming method of ultrafine-grained and nanocrystalline blank |
| CN111471890A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-07-31 | 北京大学口腔医学院 | Dental implant made of nanocrystalline metal/alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111471890B (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2021-10-15 | 北京大学口腔医学院 | Dental implant made of nanocrystalline alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112958734A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-15 | 大连交通大学 | Preparation method and application of two-dimensional metal lithium |
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| CN102234752B (en) | 2012-07-25 |
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