CN114202612A - Method and device for calculating illumination imaging - Google Patents
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for calculating illumination imaging, wherein the method comprises the following steps: building a light source array illumination imaging light path; using a light source array to sequentially illuminate the scattering medium, and irradiating the illumination speckles which penetrate through the scattering medium on a target sample to modulate target information; and acquiring a speckle-modulated target image based on the modulation of the target information, and recovering the target information by using a reconstruction algorithm according to the acquired different target speckle images. The invention realizes the modulation of the target light field without mechanical scanning, has simple and convenient system architecture and higher imaging speed, and solves the problems of longer imaging time, higher construction cost and complexity of a light path and the like in the traditional super-resolution imaging method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of computational camera science, in particular to a method and a device for computing illumination imaging.
Background
The advent of optical microscopy has played an important role in the development of modern life sciences, however the existence of optical diffraction limits has hindered the use of traditional optical microscopy at the sub-cellular level. In order to better observe the intracellular molecular structure, motion state and interaction thereof, researchers have recently proposed a series of super-resolution imaging techniques, such as stimulated emission depletion microscopy, single-molecule localization microscopy, structured light visualization microscopy, etc. The loss optical power of the stimulated emission depletion microscopy is as high as GW/cm2, so that the stimulated emission depletion microscopy is difficult to be applied to living cells. While a microscope based on single molecule positioning needs tens of thousands of exposures of the same sample in the acquisition process, the method of sacrificing time resolution to spatial resolution also limits the application of the microscope in live cell dynamic observation. The structured light illumination microscopy has low light intensity requirement and can be used for real-time dynamic imaging of living cells, so that the structured light illumination microscopy is widely applied to the aspect of living cell super-resolution optical microscopy imaging.
The light path of the structured light is modulated by a spatial light modulator, a digital micromirror array, and other devices to form a lighting mask which changes according to a certain rule, and the lighting mask is usually an optical stripe which changes periodically.
The illumination mask is projected on a target through an objective lens, so that high-frequency information of the object is loaded into a low-frequency space which can be detected by an optical system in a space mixing mode, and super-resolution imaging is realized. The illumination mask is moved to cover each area of the target, the acquisition device is used for shooting the shot image after each movement, and the acquired multiple images are reconstructed through a reconstruction algorithm to obtain the final super-resolution image.
Although the imaging speed of structured light illumination is significantly improved compared to single molecule localization microscopy, the need to move the illumination mask to combine multiple patterns still reduces the imaging speed of structured light illumination. And the target reconstruction process needs to know the prior information of the illumination mask accurately, so the cost and complexity of the imaging optical path are high.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, the invention aims to solve the problems of longer imaging time, higher construction cost and complexity of an optical path and the like in the conventional super-resolution imaging method, and provides a calculation illumination imaging method.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a computational illumination imaging apparatus.
To achieve the above object, one aspect of the present invention provides a method for computed radiography, comprising the steps of:
s1, constructing a light source array illumination imaging light path;
s2, using the light source array to sequentially illuminate the scattering medium, and illuminating speckles after penetrating through the scattering medium on the target sample to modulate the target information;
s3, based on the modulation of the target information, collecting the speckle modulated target image, and according to the collected different target speckle images, restoring the target information by using a reconstruction algorithm.
According to the method for calculating illumination imaging, a light source array illumination imaging light path is built; using a light source array to sequentially illuminate the scattering medium, and irradiating the illumination speckles which penetrate through the scattering medium on a target sample to modulate target information; and acquiring a speckle-modulated target image based on the modulation of the target information, and recovering the target information by using a reconstruction algorithm according to the acquired different target speckle images. The invention realizes the modulation of the target light field without mechanical scanning, has simple and convenient system architecture and higher imaging speed, and solves the problems of longer imaging time, higher construction cost and complexity of a light path and the like in the traditional super-resolution imaging method.
In addition, the computed radiography imaging method according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
further, step S2 includes:
s2.1, sequentially controlling different lighting point elements on the light source array by using a program;
and S2.2, based on different illumination point elements, the light penetrates through the scattering medium to form illumination speckles on the target plane.
Further, step S2.1, comprises:
the sequence of illumination of the different lamps on the array of light sources and the timing of the illumination of each lamp are controlled by programming on a computer.
Further, step S2.2, comprises:
the mathematical model is represented as:
I(xn,yn)＝(O(x,y)·P(x-xn,y-yn))*PSF(x,y)
wherein O (x, y) is the target object, P (x-x)n,y-yn) Is the (x) thn,yn) The illumination speckle formed by the lamp on the target after penetrating the scattering medium represents the dot product operation, the PSF (x, y) is the point spread function of the optical system, and represents the convolution operation, I (x)n,yn) To correspond to lighting up the (x) thn,yn) The individual lamp-phase camera shoots the target image modulated by the illumination speckles.
Further, the reconstruction algorithm includes:
and (3) utilizing a deep learning reconstruction algorithm and a gradient descent and alternative projection based iterative reconstruction algorithm.
To achieve the above object, another aspect of the present invention provides a computed illumination imaging apparatus, comprising:
the light path building module is used for building a light source array illumination imaging light path;
the sample illumination module is used for sequentially illuminating the scattering medium by using the light source array, and illuminating speckles on the target sample after penetrating through the scattering medium so as to modulate target information;
and the target reconstruction module is used for modulating the target information, collecting the speckle-modulated target image and recovering the target information by using a reconstruction algorithm according to the collected different target speckle images.
The illumination calculation imaging device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the illumination imaging light path of the light source array is built; using a light source array to sequentially illuminate the scattering medium, and irradiating the illumination speckles which penetrate through the scattering medium on a target sample to modulate target information; and acquiring a speckle-modulated target image based on the modulation of the target information, and recovering the target information by using a reconstruction algorithm according to the acquired different target speckle images. The invention realizes the modulation of the target light field without mechanical scanning, has simple and convenient system architecture and higher imaging speed, and solves the problems of longer imaging time, higher construction cost and complexity of a light path and the like in the traditional super-resolution imaging method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention realizes the modulation of the target light field without mechanical scanning, has simple and convenient system architecture and higher imaging speed, and solves the problems of longer imaging time, higher construction cost and complexity of a light path and the like in the traditional super-resolution imaging method.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a computed radiography method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic optical path diagram of a novel computational illumination imaging method using illumination from an array of light sources in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a target image USAF target according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a captured illuminated LED camera capturing an image of an illuminated speckle modulated target in a simulation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating simulation results obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a computed illumination imaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The method and apparatus for computed radiography proposed according to the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and first, the method for computed radiography proposed according to the embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a computed radiography method according to one embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the computed radiography imaging method includes the steps of:
and S1, constructing a light source array illumination imaging light path.
Specifically, in one embodiment of the invention, the light source array adopts a 15 × 15 LED dot matrix module, and the scattering medium adopts ground glass. After the light emitted by the LED passes through the frosted glass, its direction becomes randomized and illumination speckle is generated on the target plane. The illumination speckle is irradiated on a target sample to modulate target information, and a camera is used at a detection end to acquire a speckle pattern of a target plane. As shown in fig. 2.
And S2, using the light source array to sequentially illuminate the scattering medium, and illuminating speckles on the target sample after penetrating through the scattering medium to modulate the target information.
Specifically, different illumination point elements on the light source array are sequentially controlled by a program, and light penetrates through the scattering medium to form illumination speckles on the target plane based on the different illumination point elements.
In one embodiment of the present invention, an Arduino development board is used to control the sequence of the illumination of the different LED lights on the LED array and the time each LED light is illuminated by programming on a computer.
In one embodiment of the invention, ground glass is used as the scattering medium, with which the LED light incident on the ground glass interacts. LED light emitted from the ground glass forms illumination speckles on a target plane, so that target information is modulated; the mathematical model of this process can be expressed as:
I(xn,yn)＝(O(x,y)·P(x-xn,y-yn))*PSF(x,y)
wherein O (x, y) is the target object, P (x-x)n,y-yn) Is the (x) thn,yn) The lighting speckle formed by the LED lamp on the target after penetrating the scattering medium represents the dot product operation, the PSF (x, y) is the point spread function of the optical system, the convolution operation is represented, and I (x)n,yn) To correspond to lighting up the (x) thn,yn) And the LED camera shoots the target image modulated by the illumination speckles. In the simulation, the present invention used the USAF target shown in fig. 3 as the target, and fig. 4 is an image of the target captured by the camera in the simulation.
S3, based on the modulation of the target information, collecting the speckle modulated target image, and according to the collected different target speckle images, restoring the target information by using a reconstruction algorithm.
Specifically, the reconstruction algorithm for recovering the target structure information in the present invention includes, but is not limited to, a reconstruction algorithm using deep learning and an iterative reconstruction algorithm based on gradient descent, alternate projection, etc.
In one example of the present invention, a gradient descent method is employed, comprising the steps of:
a) the reconstruction process proceeds from the object of interest O (x, y), th (x)n,yn) An illumination mask P (x-x)n,y-yn) And an initial estimate of the system point spread function PSF (x, y), the initial values being set as follows: the O (x, y) initial value is set to the sum and average of all target speckle patterns captured by the camera as:
n is the number of target speckle patterns acquired by the camera, P (x-x)n,y-yn) Is set to all 1, the Fourier transform is performed on O (x, y), and 5% of the maximum value of the Fourier spectrum intensity is selected as the cutoff frequency fcutoffUsing a cut-off frequency of fcutoffAs the initial PSFA value;
b) setting gradient descending step length for updating O (x, y), P (x-x) in each iterationn,y-yn) And step sizes a, b, c of PSF (x, y) are set as follows, respectively:
a＝1/|max(P(x-xn,y-yn))|2
b＝1/|max(O(x,y))|2
c＝1/|max(F(O(x,y)·P(x-xn,y-yn)))|2
c) updating O (x, y), P (x-x)n,y-yn) And PSF (x, y)
Oupdate(x,y)＝O(x,y)-a[(O(x,y)·P(x-xn,y-yn))*PSF(x,y)-I(xn,yn)]*PSF(x,y)·P(x-xn,y-yn)
Pupdate(x-xn,y-yn)
＝P(x-xn,y-yn)-b[(O(x,y)·P(x-xn,y-yn))*PSF(x,y)-I(xn,yn)]*PSF(x,y)·O(x,y)
PSFupdate(x,y)
＝PSF(x,y)-c[(O(x,y)·P(x-xn,y-yn))*PSF(x,y)-I(xn,yn)]*(O(x,y)·P(x-xn,y-yn))
d) Repeating the steps b) and c) until convergence, wherein the convergence condition is the reconstruction results O (x, y) and O (x, y) of two adjacent iterationsupdateThe difference between (x, y) is less than a threshold.
In order to verify the effectiveness of the method, in an embodiment of the present invention, a gradient descent method is used to solve the input target speckle pattern, a simulation result is shown in fig. 5, and the target structure information of the reconstruction result is highly consistent with the true value.
Through the steps, the illumination imaging method for calculating the illumination is characterized in that a light source array illumination imaging light path is built; using a light source array to sequentially illuminate the scattering medium, and irradiating the illumination speckles which penetrate through the scattering medium on a target sample to modulate target information; and acquiring a speckle-modulated target image based on the modulation of the target information, and recovering the target information by using a reconstruction algorithm according to the acquired different target speckle images. The invention realizes the modulation of the target light field without mechanical scanning, has simple and convenient system architecture and higher imaging speed, and solves the problems of longer imaging time, higher construction cost and complexity of a light path and the like in the traditional super-resolution imaging method.
It should be noted that there are many implementation manners of the computed illumination imaging method, but no matter how the specific implementation manner is, as long as the method solves the problems of long imaging time, high construction cost and complexity of the optical path and the like existing in the current super-resolution imaging method, the method is a solution to the problems in the prior art and has a corresponding effect.
In order to implement the above-mentioned embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment further provides a computed illumination imaging apparatus 10, where the apparatus 10 includes: the system comprises a light path building module 100, a sample illumination module 200 and an object reconstruction module 300.
The light path building module 100 is used for building a light source array illumination imaging light path;
the sample illumination module 200 is configured to sequentially illuminate the scattering medium by using the light source array, and the illumination speckles after penetrating through the scattering medium illuminate the target sample to modulate target information;
and an object reconstruction module 300, configured to modulate the object information, collect speckle-modulated object images, and recover the object information using a reconstruction algorithm according to the collected different object speckle images.
Further, the sample illumination module 200 includes:
the illumination control module is used for sequentially controlling different illumination point elements on the light source array by using a program;
and the speckle forming module is used for forming illumination speckles on the target plane by transmitting the light through the scattering medium based on different illumination point elements.
Further, a lighting control module to:
the sequence of illumination of the different lamps on the array of light sources and the timing of the illumination of each lamp are controlled by programming on a computer.
Further, the mathematical model of the speckle formation module is represented as:
I(xn,yn)＝(O(x,y)·P(x-xn,y-yn))*PSF(x,y)
wherein O (x, y) is the target object, P (x-x)n,y-yn) Is the (x) thn,yn) The illumination speckle formed by the lamp on the target after penetrating the scattering medium represents the dot product operation, the PSF (x, y) is the point spread function of the optical system, and represents the convolution operation, I (x)n,yn) To correspond to lighting up the (x) thn,yn) The individual lamp-phase camera shoots the target image modulated by the illumination speckles.
Further, the reconstruction algorithm includes: and (3) utilizing a deep learning reconstruction algorithm and a gradient descent and alternative projection based iterative reconstruction algorithm.
According to the illumination computing imaging device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the light source array illumination imaging light path is built; using a light source array to sequentially illuminate the scattering medium, and irradiating the illumination speckles which penetrate through the scattering medium on a target sample to modulate target information; and acquiring a speckle-modulated target image based on the modulation of the target information, and recovering the target information by using a reconstruction algorithm according to the acquired different target speckle images. The invention realizes the modulation of the target light field without mechanical scanning, has simple and convenient system architecture and higher imaging speed, and solves the problems of longer imaging time, higher construction cost and complexity of a light path and the like in the traditional super-resolution imaging method.
It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the embodiment of the computed radiography method is also applicable to the computed radiography apparatus of this embodiment, and is not repeated here.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A computed radiography imaging method comprising the steps of:
s1, constructing a light source array illumination imaging light path;
s2, using the light source array to sequentially illuminate the scattering medium, and illuminating speckles after penetrating through the scattering medium on the target sample to modulate the target information;
s3, modulating the target information based on the above, collecting the speckle modulated target image, and restoring the target information by using a reconstruction algorithm according to the collected different target speckle images.
2. The computed radiography imaging method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said S2 comprises:
s2.1, sequentially controlling different lighting point elements on the light source array by using a program;
and S2.2, based on the different illumination point elements, the light penetrates through the scattering medium to form illumination speckles on the target plane.
3. The computed radiography imaging method of claim 1 wherein S2.1, comprises:
the sequence of the illumination of the different lamps on the array of light sources and the timing of the illumination of each lamp are controlled by programming on a computer.
4. The computed radiography imaging method of claim 1 wherein the mathematical model of S2.2 is represented as:
I(xn，yn)＝(O(x，y)·P(x-xn，y-yn))*PSF(x，y)
wherein O (x, y) is the target object, P (x-x)n，y-yn) Is the (x) thn，yn) The illumination speckle formed by the lamp on the target after penetrating the scattering medium represents the dot product operation, the PSF (x, y) is the point spread function of the optical system, and represents the convolution operation, I (x)n，yn) To correspond to lighting up the (x) thn，yn) The individual lamp-phase camera shoots the target image modulated by the illumination speckles.
5. The computed radiography imaging method of claim 1 wherein the reconstruction algorithm comprises:
and (3) utilizing a deep learning reconstruction algorithm and a gradient descent and alternative projection based iterative reconstruction algorithm.
6. A computed illumination imaging apparatus, comprising:
the light path building module is used for building a light source array illumination imaging light path;
the sample illumination module is used for sequentially illuminating the scattering medium by using the light source array, and illuminating speckles after penetrating through the scattering medium on a target sample so as to modulate target information;
and the target reconstruction module is used for modulating the target information based on the target information, collecting the speckle-modulated target image and recovering the target information by using a reconstruction algorithm according to the collected different target speckle images.
7. The computed illumination imaging apparatus of claim 6, wherein the sample illumination module comprises:
the illumination control module is used for sequentially controlling different illumination point elements on the light source array by using a program;
and the speckle forming module is used for forming illumination speckles on the target plane by the light transmitting scattering medium based on the different illumination point elements.
8. The computed-illumination imaging apparatus of claim 6, wherein the illumination control module is further configured to:
the sequence of the illumination of the different lamps on the array of light sources and the timing of the illumination of each lamp are controlled by programming on a computer.
9. The computed illumination imaging apparatus of claim 6, wherein the mathematical model of the speckle formation module is represented as:
I(xn，yn)＝(0(x，y)·P(x-xn，y-yn))*PSF(x，y)
wherein 0(x, y) is the target object, P (x-x)n，y-yn) Is the (x) thn，yn) The illumination speckle formed by the lamp on the target after penetrating the scattering medium represents the dot product operation, the PSF (x, y) is the point spread function of the optical system, and represents the convolution operation, I (x)n，yn) To correspond to lighting up the (x) thn，yn) The individual lamp-phase camera shoots the target image modulated by the illumination speckles.
10. The computed illumination imaging apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the reconstruction algorithm comprises:
and (3) utilizing a deep learning reconstruction algorithm and a gradient descent and alternative projection based iterative reconstruction algorithm.
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