CN114198040A - Recoverable sleeve internal anchoring mechanism - Google Patents
Recoverable sleeve internal anchoring mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN114198040A CN114198040A CN202111570363.5A CN202111570363A CN114198040A CN 114198040 A CN114198040 A CN 114198040A CN 202111570363 A CN202111570363 A CN 202111570363A CN 114198040 A CN114198040 A CN 114198040A
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- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
- E21B23/01—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for anchoring the tools or the like
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a recoverable casing internal anchoring mechanism which comprises a body assembly, and a slip assembly, a driving execution mechanism and a locking mechanism which are arranged on the body assembly; the slip assembly is positioned on the side surface of the body assembly and can move to the side surface protruding out of the body assembly in a direction deviating from the axis direction of the body assembly under the driving of the driving execution mechanism; the locking mechanism is capable of resisting movement of the slip assembly in a direction toward the axis of the body assembly. When the slip assembly is used, the slip assembly penetrates into the sleeve, the slip assembly, the driving actuating mechanism and the locking mechanism are arranged on the body assembly, the driving actuating mechanism acts on the slip assembly, the slip assembly forms pressure on the inner wall of the sleeve, the position of the slip assembly is fixed by the locking mechanism, and the slip assembly generates large static friction on the inner wall of the sleeve so as to realize anchoring. When the anchoring needs to be removed, the slip assembly is loosened, no lateral pressure exists on the inner wall of the casing, and the anchoring is removed; the product can be repeatedly used.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas drilling equipment, in particular to a recoverable casing internal anchoring mechanism with the characteristic of preventing accidental rotation or axial movement.
Background
In the process of oil or gas drilling completion, as shown in fig. 1, the downhole tool including the in-casing anchoring mechanism is reliably fixed in the casing and can be released from anchoring when necessary, which is important for completing the related downhole operation, such as casing windowing and sidetracking operation, and the whipstock is reliably fixed in the casing and released from anchoring when necessary is important for smoothly completing the casing windowing operation.
In the existing anchoring tool, the phenomenon that the window is opened due to the rotation or the movement of the whipstock caused by unreliable anchoring often occurs. The unreliable factors of the seat hanging mainly comprise several points, firstly, the structure of the slip teeth is unreasonable, and in order to meet the characteristic of releasing the anchoring, some tools only have axial one-way slips, so that the slips can only move downwards. When upward force is applied, the tool is prone to accidentally release the anchor, and the tool moves upward, resulting in failure of the anchor. The absence of slip anti-rotation causes rotation of the anchoring mechanism, which in turn causes rotation of the tool connected thereto, resulting in failure of the associated operation. Secondly, a self-locking mechanism is lacked or is unreliable; thereby causing rotation or movement of the anchoring mechanism. Thirdly, the design of the slip engaging surface is unreasonable. The anchoring mechanism is connected to a tool, such as a whipstock, connected thereto and is not coaxial with the casing axis in the anchoring mode due to functional requirements. The tools available on the market do not take into account the misalignment during the design of the slips, which causes the slips to become partially engaged, thus resulting in unreliable anchoring.
In addition, the existing anchoring tool is usually scrapped only once, cannot be reused, is extremely high in resource waste, and is not energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a recoverable casing internal anchoring mechanism, which comprises a body assembly, a slip assembly, a driving execution mechanism and a locking mechanism, wherein the slip assembly, the driving execution mechanism and the locking mechanism are arranged on the body assembly;
the slip assembly is positioned on the side surface of the body assembly and can move to the side surface protruding out of the body assembly in a direction deviating from the axis direction of the body assembly under the driving of the driving execution mechanism;
the locking mechanism is capable of resisting movement of the slip assembly in a direction toward the axis of the body assembly.
Optionally, the body assembly comprises a body, an outer cylinder and a bottom end cover; the top of the outer barrel is sleeved at the bottom end of the body, and the bottom of the outer barrel is connected with the bottom end cover through a positioning pin;
the driving actuator and the locking mechanism are both mounted inside the outer cylinder of the body assembly.
Optionally, a cutting surface is arranged on the side surface of the body, the distance between the cutting surface and the axis of the body is gradually reduced from top to bottom to form an inclined shape, the distance between the bottom end of the cutting surface and the bottom end of the body is preset, and a track is arranged on the cutting surface from top to bottom;
the slip assembly is mounted in cooperation with and movable along the track.
Optionally, the driving actuator comprises a hydraulic assembly, a push rod, a pressure rod and a thrust spring; the hydraulic assembly is connected with the pressure rod;
the body is provided with a guide hole from the bottom end of the body to the cutting surface, the push rod penetrates through the guide hole, and the top end of the push rod is in contact with the slip assembly;
before use, the pressure rod is fixedly connected with the bottom end cover through a shearing pin, the bottom of the thrust spring is contacted with the bottom end cover, the pressure rod downwards compresses the thrust spring from the top of the thrust spring, and the pressure rod props against the bottom end of the push rod;
when the hydraulic assembly is used, the hydraulic assembly applies pulling force to the pressing rod through increasing so that the shearing pin is sheared to break the fixation between the pressing rod and the bottom end cover, and the pressing rod pushes the push rod to move upwards under the action of the thrust spring.
Optionally, the locking mechanism comprises a locking ring, a locking ring baffle and a limit pin;
the periphery of the push rod is provided with a first inclined tooth for preventing the push rod from moving downwards;
the inner wall of the lock ring is provided with a second inclined tooth matched with the first inclined tooth;
the bottom of the guide hole is provided with an accommodating part, and the lock ring is sleeved on the accommodating part in a sleeving manner;
the lock ring baffle is fixedly connected with the body through a limiting pin, and the lock ring baffle prevents the lock ring from being separated from the accommodating part.
Optionally, the hydraulic assembly includes a first piston sealing ring, a second piston sealing ring and a connecting rod;
a piston cavity is formed in the center of the bottom of the body, the first piston sealing ring and the second piston sealing ring are sequentially arranged in the piston cavity at intervals from bottom to top, a pressure transfer hole is formed in the side wall of the piston cavity and is located at the upper end of the first piston sealing ring, and the distance between the pressure transfer hole and the first piston sealing ring is smaller than the minimum gap between the first piston sealing ring and the second piston sealing ring;
the first piston sealing ring is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the piston cavity;
the connecting rod penetrates through the first piston sealing ring, the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with the second piston sealing ring, and the second piston sealing ring can move up and down in the piston cavity;
the lower end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the pressure rod.
Optionally, the outer side surface of the slip assembly, which faces away from the body assembly, is provided with a concave-convex shape, and the concave-convex shape comprises one or more of a multi-surface conical protrusion, a longitudinal rack and a transverse rack.
Optionally, the slips subassembly includes slips down and well slips, slips down and well slips deviate from the lateral surface of body subassembly and are equipped with unsmooth shape.
Optionally, the concave-convex shape of the outer side surface of the lower slip facing away from the body assembly comprises multi-surface conical protrusions arranged in an array;
the concave-convex shape of the outer side surface of the middle slip, which is away from the body assembly, comprises a longitudinal rack and a transverse rack.
Optionally, a plurality of slip assemblies are arranged on the side face of the body at intervals along the circumferential direction, each slip assembly is provided with a push rod, and the bottom end of each push rod is in contact with the same pressure rod.
The recoverable casing internal anchoring mechanism is used by penetrating into a casing, when the recoverable casing internal anchoring mechanism is used, the slip assembly, the driving execution mechanism and the locking mechanism are arranged on the body assembly, the slip assembly moves to the side surface protruding out of the body assembly in a direction deviating from the axis direction of the body assembly by adopting the action of the driving execution mechanism on the slip assembly, the slip assembly is contacted with the inner wall of the casing and forms pressure on the inner wall of the casing, the locking mechanism prevents the slip assembly from moving towards the axis direction of the body assembly (namely, the slip assembly is prevented from not being contacted with the inner wall of the casing), and the pressure of the slip assembly on the inner wall of the casing enables the slip assembly and the casing internal anchoring mechanism to generate larger static friction, so that fixation is realized, and rotation and/or axial movement are prevented. When the anchoring needs to be relieved, the actuating mechanism is driven to loosen the action on the slip assembly, so that the slip assembly does not have lateral pressure on the inner wall of the casing pipe and mutual static friction, namely the anchoring is relieved, and the state of being capable of rotating and/or axially moving is recovered; the product of the invention can not be scrapped once in use, can be recycled, and saves resources and cost.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art in-casing anchoring mechanism;
FIG. 2 is an elevational, cross-sectional view of a retrievable in-casing anchoring mechanism in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is an external elevational view of an embodiment of the retrievable, in-casing anchoring mechanism of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an angled elevation of slip assemblies with the inner wall of the casing for use with an embodiment of the retrievable in-casing anchoring mechanism of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the retrievable in-cannula anchoring mechanism of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a body assembly employing a body in an embodiment of the retrievable in-cannula anchoring mechanism of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of the body of FIG. 6 according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of the body of the embodiment of FIG. 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a middle slip used in an embodiment of the retrievable in-cannula anchoring mechanism of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a lower slip used in an embodiment of the retrievable in-casing anchoring mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a locking ring employed in an embodiment of the retrievable in-cannula anchoring mechanism of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a locking ring guard employed in an embodiment of the retrievable in-cannula anchoring mechanism of the invention;
fig. 13 is a perspective view of the internal structure of the body assembly of the embodiment of the retractable anchoring mechanism in casing of the present invention when used in a casing.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
As shown in fig. 2-13, an embodiment of the present invention provides a retrievable in-casing anchoring mechanism, which includes a body assembly, and a slip assembly, a driving actuator and a locking mechanism 29 mounted on the body assembly;
the slip assembly is positioned on the side surface of the body assembly and can move to the side surface protruding out of the body assembly in a direction deviating from the axis direction of the body assembly under the driving of the driving execution mechanism;
the locking mechanism 29 is capable of resisting axial movement of the slip assembly toward the body assembly.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the anchor mechanism in the casing of this scheme penetrates the intraductal use of casing, during the use, through set up the slips subassembly on the body subassembly, drive actuating mechanism and locking mechanical system, adopt the action of drive actuating mechanism to the slips subassembly, let the slips subassembly do the side that deviates body subassembly axis direction and remove to protrusion body subassembly, slips subassembly and the contact of intraductal wall of casing and formation pressure to the casing, and prevent the slips subassembly with locking mechanical system and do the removal towards the axis direction of body subassembly (prevent that slips subassembly does not contact with the intraductal wall of casing promptly), make great stiction between the two by the pressure of slips subassembly to the intraductal wall of casing, thereby realize fixedly, prevent to rotate and/or axial displacement. When the anchoring needs to be relieved, the actuating mechanism is driven to loosen the action on the slip assembly, so that the slip assembly does not have lateral pressure on the inner wall of the casing pipe and mutual static friction, namely the anchoring is relieved, and the state of being capable of rotating and/or axially moving is recovered; the product of the invention can not be scrapped once in use, can be recycled, and saves resources and cost.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, the body assembly comprises a body 1, an outer barrel 14 and a bottom end cap 15; the top of the outer cylinder 14 is sleeved at the bottom end of the body 1, and the bottom of the outer cylinder 14 is connected with the bottom end cover 15 through a positioning pin 21;
the drive actuator and locking mechanism 29 are both mounted on the inside of the outer barrel 14 of the body assembly.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the cross section of the body, the outer cylinder and the bottom end cover can be circular, polygonal or regular polygonal; the top of the outer barrel is sleeved at the bottom end of the body, the bottom end cover is arranged at the bottom of the outer barrel, a cavity is formed in the outer barrel, and the driving execution mechanism and the locking mechanism are both arranged in the cavity on the inner side of the outer barrel of the body assembly, so that the driving execution mechanism and the locking mechanism can be protected, and the service lives of the driving execution mechanism and the locking mechanism are prolonged; the anchoring mechanism can not affect rotation and/or axial movement in the non-anchoring state, and can realize anchoring when anchoring is needed.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, 3, 5 and 7, the side surface of the body 1 is provided with a cutting surface, the distance between the cutting surface and the axis of the body 1 gradually decreases from top to bottom to form an inclined shape, the bottom end of the cutting surface is at a preset height from the bottom end of the body 1, and the cutting surface is provided with a track from top to bottom;
the slip assembly is mounted in cooperation with and movable along the track.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the scheme, the inclined cutting surface is arranged on the side surface of the body, the rail is arranged on the cutting surface, the rail can be a convex type or a groove type, the section of the rail can be trapezoid or T-shaped, and the slip assembly is provided with a matching part with the rail; as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the section of the matching part of the slip assembly and the rail is a trapezoidal protrusion, and correspondingly, the section of the rail is a trapezoidal groove, the trapezoidal protrusion is matched with the trapezoidal groove, and the trapezoidal protrusion can move in the trapezoidal groove; the slip assembly is arranged on a track, and moves along the track under the pushing action of a driving execution mechanism when in anchoring, and the moving direction of the anchoring is that the side surface of the inclined cutting surface far away from the axis to the protruding body is contacted with the inner wall of the casing pipe to form extrusion; the moving direction is opposite when the anchoring is released, the distance between the inclined cutting surface and the axis is continuously reduced until the inclined cutting surface does not protrude out of the side surface of the body, and the inclined cutting surface and the inner wall of the sleeve do not form extrusion; simple structure easily realizes and operates, can volume production reduce cost.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the drive actuator comprises a hydraulic assembly, a push rod 6, a pressure rod and a thrust spring 13; the hydraulic assembly is connected with the pressure rod;
the body 1 is provided with a guide hole 28 from the bottom end of the body 1 to the cutting surface, the push rod 6 penetrates through the guide hole 28, and the top end of the push rod 6 is in contact with the slip assembly;
before use, the pressure lever is fixedly connected with the bottom end cover 15 through the shearing pin 20, the bottom of the thrust spring 13 is contacted with the bottom end cover 15, the pressure lever compresses the thrust spring 13 downwards from the top of the thrust spring 13, and the pressure lever is propped against the bottom end of the push rod 6;
in use, the hydraulic assembly causes the shear pin 20 to shear off the fixing between the plunger and the bottom end cap 15 by increasing the pulling force applied to the plunger so that the plunger pushes the push rod 6 upwards under the action of the push spring 13.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the shear pin can be formed by fixedly connecting the pressure lever and the bottom end cover in the lateral direction, when the pressure lever is subjected to upward tension from the hydraulic assembly, the pressure lever and the bottom end cover form shear force on the shear pin, and the shear pin can be sheared when the upward tension is greater than the limit shear force which can be borne by the shear pin; if the shear pins are not arranged laterally but longitudinally, the shear pins need to be broken by exceeding the limit tension capable of being born by the shear pins; the thrust spring and the hydraulic component form thrust to the slip component through the push rod to realize anchoring; the structure is simple, the parts are easy to obtain and easy to standard, and the cost can be reduced by mass production.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 11-12, the locking mechanism 29 includes a lock ring 4, a lock ring stop 5, and a stop pin 22;
the periphery of the push rod 6 is provided with a first inclined tooth for preventing the push rod 6 from moving downwards;
the inner wall of the lock ring 4 is provided with a second inclined tooth 42 matched with the first inclined tooth;
the bottom of the guide hole is provided with an accommodating part, and the lock ring 4 is sleeved on the accommodating part by a push rod 6;
the lock ring baffle 5 is fixedly connected with the body 1 through a limit pin 22, and the lock ring baffle 5 prevents the lock ring 4 from falling out of the accommodating part.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the section of the locking ring in the scheme is annular and is provided with the notch 41, and the width of the notch 41 can be changed when the locking ring is under the action of radial force, so that the locking ring has certain radial elasticity similar to a snap spring; the cross section shapes of the first inclined teeth and the second inclined teeth can be right triangles, the annular surfaces corresponding to right-angled sides of the cross sections of the right triangles of the first inclined teeth and the second inclined teeth are matched with each other and prevent the first inclined teeth and the second inclined teeth from moving relatively to form unidirectional locking when axial force is applied to the first inclined teeth and the second inclined teeth, the annular surfaces corresponding to hypotenuses of the cross sections of the right triangles of the first inclined teeth and the second inclined teeth are matched with each other and the locking ring is radially expanded to enable the first inclined teeth and the second inclined teeth to move relatively when axial force is applied to the first inclined teeth and the second inclined teeth; the containing part is provided with an elastic space for radially supporting the locking ring, the height of the containing part is consistent with the locking ring so as to prevent the locking ring from axially moving under the action of the locking ring baffle plate, and when the limiting pin of the locking ring baffle plate is broken when exceeding the stress limit, the locking ring moves towards the direction of the containing part along with the push rod under the action of the axial force transmitted by the push rod and from the slip assembly, so that the anchoring is released.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 6-8, the hydraulic assembly includes a first piston seal ring 8, a second piston seal ring 7, and a connecting rod 9;
a piston cavity 26 is formed in the center of the bottom of the body 1, the first piston sealing ring 8 and the second piston sealing ring 7 are sequentially arranged in the piston cavity 26 at intervals from bottom to top, a pressure transfer hole 27 is formed in the side wall of the piston cavity 26, the pressure transfer hole 27 is located at the upper end of the first piston sealing ring 8, and the distance between the pressure transfer hole 27 and the first piston sealing ring 8 is smaller than the minimum clearance between the first piston sealing ring 8 and the second piston sealing ring 7;
the first piston sealing ring 8 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the piston cavity 26;
the connecting rod 9 penetrates through the first piston sealing ring 8, the upper end of the connecting rod 9 is connected with the second piston sealing ring 7, and the second piston sealing ring 7 can move up and down in the piston cavity 26;
the lower end of the connecting rod 9 is fixedly connected with the pressure rod.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the first piston sealing ring in the scheme comprises a first piston and a piston sealing ring sleeved on the first piston, and the second piston sealing ring comprises a second piston and a piston sealing ring sleeved on the second piston; piston inner sealing rings 17 are adopted for sealing between the first piston sealing ring and the connecting rod and between the second piston sealing ring and the connecting rod, the first piston sealing ring and the inner wall of the piston cavity are sealed by a first piston outer sealing ring 19, the second piston sealing ring and the inner wall of the piston cavity are sealed by a second piston outer sealing ring 18, a sliding piston 10 can be arranged between the first piston sealing ring and the second piston sealing ring, the sliding piston 10 is sleeved on the connecting rod, and the height of the sliding piston 10 is not more than the minimum clearance of the first piston sealing ring and the second piston sealing ring; when the pressure transfer hole is used, the pressure transfer hole is connected with hydraulic equipment through a hydraulic pipe, hydraulic pressure is applied to a piston cavity at the gap between the first piston sealing ring and the second piston sealing ring, the connecting rod can be connected with the lower end face of the second piston sealing ring in a pin, hinge or welding mode, or a through hole is formed in the center of the second piston sealing ring and penetrates through the through hole, and a separation-proof shaft shoulder is arranged at the upper end of the second piston sealing ring (namely the diameter of the connecting rod at the upper end part of the second piston sealing ring is larger than that of the lower part of the connecting rod) as shown in figure 2, so that the second piston sealing ring moves upwards in the piston cavity, the second piston sealing ring drives the connecting rod to move upwards, and the connecting rod drives the pressure rod to move upwards, so that the shearing pin is sheared; the pressing rod pushes the push rod to move upwards under the action of the thrust spring, and the push rod pushes the slip assembly to move upwards along the track of the cutting surface, so that the outer peripheral surface of the slip assembly protruding out of the body is contacted with the sleeve, lateral pressure is formed on the inner wall of the sleeve, friction force is generated, and the body is prevented from acting to realize anchoring; then, certain pressure can be applied to the anchoring mechanism through operation pipe columns such as a drill rod and the like, the anchoring mechanism is further anchored on the basis of initial anchoring, and the capacity of the anchoring mechanism for responding to torque and axial force is improved; in the anchored state, the body axis may be at an angle relative to the casing axis, and the outer circumferential surfaces of the slip assemblies will also be at an angle to the casing inner wall 30, as shown in FIG. 4 at an angle of 0.5 degrees; in order to provide a secure anchoring action, the outer cylindrical surface of the slip may be arranged concentrically with the inner cylindrical surface of the casing in the anchored condition so as to provide full surface engagement for secure anchoring.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 13, the compression bar comprises a connecting disc 11 and a bottom joint 12, wherein a threaded hole is formed in the center of the connecting disc 11, and an external thread matched with the threaded hole is formed at the upper end of the bottom joint 12;
the connecting disc 11 presses on the top of the thrust spring 13, the bottom joint 12 passes through the ring of the thrust spring 13, and the lower end of the bottom joint 12 is fixedly connected with the bottom end cover 15 through a shearing pin 20.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the sectional dimension of the bottom joint in the scheme is smaller than the inner diameter of the ring of the thrust spring, and the dimension of the connecting disc is larger than the outer diameter of the ring of the thrust spring; the through hole is formed below the bottom end cover, the pull-up hole with the internal thread can be formed in the bottom end of the bottom joint, and when the bottom joint is assembled, a tool with the external thread can be adopted to penetrate through the through hole of the bottom end cover from the bottom and be connected with the pull-up hole, so that an initial pulling force is given to the bottom joint through the tool, the thrust spring is compressed, and the bottom joint and the bottom end cover are conveniently fixed through the shearing pin.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2-5 and 9-10, the slip assembly comprises a lower slip 3 and a middle slip 2, wherein the outer side surfaces of the lower slip 3 and the middle slip 2, which face away from the body assembly, are provided with concave-convex shapes;
the concave-convex shape of the outer side surface of the lower slip 3 departing from the body assembly comprises multi-surface conical bulges arranged in an array manner;
the concave-convex shape of the outer side surface of the middle slip 2, which deviates from the body assembly, comprises a longitudinal rack and a transverse rack;
the middle slip 2 is provided with a second limiting pin 23, the second limiting pin 23 is fixed on the cutting surface of the body 1 and used for limiting the position of the upper end surface of the middle slip 2 before use, and when the middle slip 2 is pushed to move upwards, the second limiting pin 23 is cut off by shearing force;
the cutting surface is provided with a third limiting pin 24, the third limiting pin 24 is used for fixing the positions of the lower slip 3 and the middle slip 2 during transportation, and the third limiting pin is removed after the third limiting pin is transported to a use destination;
the slip assembly further comprises an upper slip 16 and a fixing pin 25, a groove is formed in the side face of the body 1, the upper slip 16 is fixed in the groove in the side face of the body 1 through the fixing pin 25, and the upper slip 16 protrudes out of the side face of the body 1; the groove and the cutting surface are respectively positioned in the opposite directions of the side surfaces of the body.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the slip assembly in the scheme comprises an upper slip, a lower slip and a middle slip, wherein the upper slip is fixed in a groove in the side surface of the body through a fixing pin, the groove and the cutting surface are respectively positioned in opposite directions of the side surface of the body, the groove and the cutting surface can be respectively positioned at different axial height positions of the body, and the upper slip plays a role in righting; concave-convex shapes are arranged on the outer side faces, away from the body assembly, of the lower slip and the middle clip 2, so that the friction force contacting with the inner wall of the casing pipe during anchoring can be enhanced, and the anchoring is more stable; the concave-convex shape of the outer side surface of the middle slip adopts a longitudinal rack to strengthen the friction force for preventing rotation, and adopts a transverse rack to strengthen the friction force for preventing axial movement; the concave-convex shape of the lower slip adopts multi-surface conical protrusions arranged in an array manner, for example, the four-surface conical protrusions can be adopted, four triangular surfaces have a conical head connected together and face the radial outer side of the lower slip, wherein two triangular surfaces face and are along the axial direction, and the other two triangular surfaces face and are along the radial direction, so that the friction force for preventing axial movement and rotation can be enhanced simultaneously.
In one embodiment, a plurality of slip assemblies are arranged on the side surface of the body 1 at intervals along the circumferential direction, each slip assembly is provided with a push rod 6, and the bottom end of each push rod 6 is in contact with the same compression rod.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the scheme, the plurality of slip components are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the body 1, if two slip components are arranged, the centers of the slip components and the axis are in the same linear position (namely 180 degrees in the circumferential direction), and if three slip components are arranged, the central angle of the connecting line of the centers of the slip components and the axis is 120 degrees, so that the stress distribution of the connecting disc of the pressure lever is more balanced, the action is more stable, and the connecting disc cannot incline or form a clamping state with the inner wall of the outer cylinder to influence the movement of the connecting disc; additionally, the provision of multiple slip assemblies may enhance the anchoring effect.
In one embodiment, the cross section of the push rod is circular or polygonal, and in combination with the concave-convex shape arranged on the outer side surface of the slip assembly, the minimum size of the cross section of the push rod satisfies the following formula:
in the above formula, DminThe minimum size of the cross section of the push rod is represented, if the cross section is circular, the minimum size is the diameter, and if the cross section is square, the minimum size is the smaller value of the width and the thickness of the square; l represents the length of the push rod; w represents the minimum size of the middle section of a bulge in the concave-convex shape of the outer side surface of the slip assembly, and the middle section of the bulge refers to the section of the middle position of the vertical height between the top of the bulge and the bottom of the bulge; mu represents the friction coefficient of the slip assembly and the inner wall of the casing; k represents the arrangement density coefficient of the bulges in the concave-convex shape of the outer side surface of the slip assembly, namely the number of the bulges arranged on the unit area of the outer side surface of the slip assembly; τ represents the axial flow induction factor at which rotation occurs; p represents the tangential moment of the central position of the push rod relative to the circumferential direction of the axis of the body, the tangential moment is determined by the central position of the push rod and the axis position of the body, and the tangential moment is preset during design.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the method adopts the above formula to determine the relationship between the section size and the length of the push rod, the design of the push rod needs to be combined with the product design and the use requirements, and the push rod is reflected in the formula to be related to factors such as the inner wall of the sleeve, the concave-convex shape of the slip assembly and the outer side surface thereof, the rotation which needs to be prevented by anchoring and the like, the formula is regarded as dimensionless during calculation, and only the numerical relationship is examined; this scheme of adoption can carry out accurate reasonable selection to the push rod size when the design, prevents that the size design is improper to lead to the push rod to easily damage or the anchoring inefficacy, ensures the stability and the reliability of product.
In order to promote the oil and gas well to smoothly complete casing windowing or other operations, prevent a tool from being anchored in advance in the process of running into the well, prevent accidental axial movement or rotation after anchoring and have the performance of releasing the anchoring, the invention designs a mechanism anchored by hydraulic pressure, which has the characteristic of preventing accidental movement or rotation and has the characteristic of releasing the anchoring.
When the slip component is divided into an upper slip, a middle slip and a lower slip, the upper slip plays a role in supporting and righting, and the body leans against the inner wall of the casing; the middle slip is provided with slip teeth which are prevented from rotating and slip teeth which are prevented from moving axially; the lower slip is the main slip, and the slip teeth mainly prevent the tool from moving axially downwards.
When going into the well state, the slips is restricted at initial condition by stop screw, and the effective diameter of slips department is less than the body diameter of slips department, prevents to anchor in advance drilling into the well in-process under.
Go into the well to preset position, when needing to start the anchor, because the hydraulic pressure that ground provided or circulating liquid pass through the pressure that the instrument throttle in the pit produced, transmit the piston chamber through the biography pressure hole on the body, promote the removal of second piston sealing ring, the removal of second piston sealing ring drive connecting rod upper portion joint, when fluid pressure reaches a definite value, cut off the shear pin. When the well enters, the thrust spring is in a compressed state, after the shearing pin is sheared, the spring is released to push the connecting disc, the connecting disc pushes the lower slip push rod, the middle slip and the lower slip are further pushed to move, the middle slip limiting pin is sheared, the middle slip and the lower slip are further moved, and the middle slip and the lower slip are meshed with the wall of the casing to complete primary anchoring. And then certain pressure is applied to the anchoring mechanism through a working string such as a drill pipe and the like, the anchoring mechanism is further anchored on the basis of initial anchoring, and the capacity of the anchoring mechanism for responding to torque and axial force is improved. The connecting rod is provided with teeth which are inclined towards one direction and matched with the teeth on the locking ring, so that the connecting rod can only move towards the direction of pushing the anchoring of the slip, and the slip is locked at a fixed position after the anchoring is finished.
In the anchoring state, the axis of the body is at a certain inclination angle relative to the axis of the inner cylinder of the casing. In order to provide a secure anchoring action, the outer cylindrical surface of the slip and the inner cylindrical surface of the casing are concentric in the anchoring configuration so that all surfaces engage to provide a secure anchoring.
During assembly, the body 1 is fixed firstly, the upper slip 16 is placed in a corresponding groove on the body, and the slip fixing screw 25 is screwed up; mounting a lower slip 3 on the body; installing a middle slip 2 on the body; mounting a second stop pin 23; mounting a third limit pin 24; mounting a push rod 6 to the corresponding guide hole of the body; installing a lock ring 4; installing the lock ring baffle 5 and tightening the locating pin 22; second piston sealing rings and sealing rings 17 and 18 are arranged; mounting the second piston and the second piston sealing ring to the connecting rod 9; fitting a connecting rod and a second piston into the body piston bore; installing a sliding piston into the body piston bore; installing a first piston sealing ring and sealing rings 17 and 19, and installing a second piston; connecting the connecting disc 11 with the connecting rod in a threaded manner; installing a power spring 13; connecting the lower joint 12 and the connecting disc 11; connecting the outer barrel 14 threads with the body threads; connecting the bottom end cover with the outer cylinder through threads; installing and screwing down the positioning pin 21; shear pins 20 are installed.
When the anchoring mechanism is used, the anchoring mechanism is connected with other tools on the upper part through threads or pins, and the third limiting pin 24 is dismounted before the anchoring mechanism is driven into a well; connecting a pressure transfer line (hydraulic tube) to the body pressure transfer bore; the upper end of the pressure transmission pipeline is connected with an upper tool; when the well is drilled to a preset position, the pump is started to generate pressure, the shearing pin 20 is sheared, the power spring is released, the push rod is pushed, and the push rod pushes the lower slip and the middle slip to be in contact with the inner wall of the sleeve and anchored in the sleeve; after anchoring, the slips are ensured to be in full contact with the inner wall of the casing pipe by the structural design of the slips; if necessary, a certain weight can be applied from above from the wellhead, increasing the squeezing and anchoring force; after anchoring, the position of the push rod is locked at a fixed position by the lock sleeve, so that the accidental release of anchoring caused by an accident of the underground tool is avoided. When the anchoring needs to be released, only the tool string (anchoring mechanism) needs to be lifted from the wellhead, when the lifting force reaches the tensile strength of the locking ring baffle positioning pin 22, the pin is broken, the middle slip and the lower slip move downwards, and the anchoring is released.
The invention is mainly used in the field of petroleum and natural gas, has the characteristic of preventing accidental rotation or axial movement, and is a recoverable underground tool casing internal anchoring mechanism. It has the characteristic of preventing unexpected movement or rotation, and has the characteristic of releasing anchoring at the same time. The middle slip and the lower slip of the slip mechanism are two independent parts, and the middle slip and the lower slip can be provided with independent tracks on the body. The middle slip and the lower slip can also be combined into one piece; the upper slip plays a role in righting.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A recoverable casing internal anchoring mechanism is characterized by comprising a body assembly, a slip assembly, a driving execution mechanism and a locking mechanism, wherein the slip assembly, the driving execution mechanism and the locking mechanism are arranged on the body assembly;
the slip assembly is positioned on the side surface of the body assembly and can move to the side surface protruding out of the body assembly in a direction deviating from the axis direction of the body assembly under the driving of the driving execution mechanism;
the locking mechanism is capable of resisting movement of the slip assembly in a direction toward the axis of the body assembly.
2. The retractable in-cannula anchoring mechanism of claim 1, wherein the body assembly comprises a body, an outer barrel, and a bottom end cap; the top of the outer barrel is sleeved at the bottom end of the body, and the bottom of the outer barrel is connected with the bottom end cover through a positioning pin;
the driving actuator and the locking mechanism are both mounted inside the outer cylinder of the body assembly.
3. The retractable in-casing anchoring mechanism of claim 2, wherein the side surface of the body is provided with a cutting surface, the distance between the cutting surface and the axis of the body gradually decreases from top to bottom to form an inclined shape, the distance between the bottom end of the cutting surface and the bottom end of the body is a preset height, and the cutting surface is provided with a track from top to bottom;
the slip assembly is mounted in cooperation with and movable along the track.
4. The retractable in-casing anchoring mechanism of claim 3, wherein the drive actuator comprises a hydraulic assembly, a push rod, a pressure rod and a thrust spring; the hydraulic assembly is connected with the pressure rod;
the body is provided with a guide hole from the bottom end of the body to the cutting surface, the push rod penetrates through the guide hole, and the top end of the push rod is in contact with the slip assembly;
before use, the pressure rod is fixedly connected with the bottom end cover through a shearing pin, the bottom of the thrust spring is contacted with the bottom end cover, the pressure rod downwards compresses the thrust spring from the top of the thrust spring, and the pressure rod props against the bottom end of the push rod;
when the hydraulic assembly is used, the hydraulic assembly applies pulling force to the pressing rod through increasing so that the shearing pin is sheared to break the fixation between the pressing rod and the bottom end cover, and the pressing rod pushes the push rod to move upwards under the action of the thrust spring.
5. The retractable in-casing anchoring mechanism of claim 4, wherein the locking mechanism comprises a lock ring, a lock ring stop, and a stop pin;
the periphery of the push rod is provided with a first inclined tooth for preventing the push rod from moving downwards;
the inner wall of the lock ring is provided with a second inclined tooth matched with the first inclined tooth;
the bottom of the guide hole is provided with an accommodating part, and the lock ring is sleeved on the accommodating part in a sleeving manner;
the lock ring baffle is fixedly connected with the body through a limiting pin, and the lock ring baffle prevents the lock ring from being separated from the accommodating part.
6. The retractable in-casing anchoring mechanism of claim 4, wherein the hydraulic assembly comprises a first piston sealing ring, a second piston sealing ring, and a connecting rod;
a piston cavity is formed in the center of the bottom of the body, the first piston sealing ring and the second piston sealing ring are sequentially arranged in the piston cavity at intervals from bottom to top, a pressure transfer hole is formed in the side wall of the piston cavity and is located at the upper end of the first piston sealing ring, and the distance between the pressure transfer hole and the first piston sealing ring is smaller than the minimum gap between the first piston sealing ring and the second piston sealing ring;
the first piston sealing ring is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the piston cavity;
the connecting rod penetrates through the first piston sealing ring, the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with the second piston sealing ring, and the second piston sealing ring can move up and down in the piston cavity;
the lower end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the pressure rod.
7. The retrievable in-casing anchoring mechanism of claim 1, wherein an outer side of the slip assembly facing away from the body assembly is provided with a concave-convex shape comprising one or more of a multi-faceted conical projection, a longitudinal rack, and a transverse rack.
8. The retrievable in-casing anchoring mechanism of claim 1, wherein the slip assembly includes a lower slip and a middle slip, and outer sides of the lower slip and the middle slip facing away from the body assembly are provided with a concave-convex shape.
9. The retractable in-casing anchoring mechanism of claim 8, wherein the concave-convex shape of the outer side of the lower slip facing away from the body assembly comprises multi-sided conical protrusions arranged in an array;
the concave-convex shape of the outer side surface of the middle slip 2 departing from the body assembly comprises a longitudinal rack and a transverse rack.
10. The retrievable in-casing anchoring mechanism of claim 4, wherein a plurality of slip assemblies are provided at intervals along a circumferential direction on a side surface of the body, each slip assembly is provided with a push rod, and a bottom end of each push rod is in contact with the same push rod.
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| CN202111570363.5A CN114198040B (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2021-12-21 | Recoverable intraductal anchor mechanism of cover |
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| CN202111570363.5A CN114198040B (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2021-12-21 | Recoverable intraductal anchor mechanism of cover |
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| CN114198040B CN114198040B (en) | 2023-08-04 |
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| CN101158276A (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2008-04-09 | 白霞 | Anti-jack slips anchoring propulsion mechanism |
| US20120037381A1 (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2012-02-16 | Richard Lee Giroux | Anchor for use with expandable tubular |
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| CN110863793A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-03-06 | 贵州高峰石油机械股份有限公司 | Double-slip hydraulic anchoring packer for window sidetracking |
| CN211342870U (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-08-25 | 贵州高峰石油机械股份有限公司 | Double-slip hydraulic anchoring packer for window sidetracking |
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2021
- 2021-12-21 CN CN202111570363.5A patent/CN114198040B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101158276A (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2008-04-09 | 白霞 | Anti-jack slips anchoring propulsion mechanism |
| US20120037381A1 (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2012-02-16 | Richard Lee Giroux | Anchor for use with expandable tubular |
| CN106761541A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-05-31 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of Hydraulic Anchorage sealing device |
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