CN114196890A - Molybdenum-iron-chromium-aluminum-containing electrothermal alloy wire and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Molybdenum-iron-chromium-aluminum-containing electrothermal alloy wire and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114196890A CN114196890A CN202111600484.XA CN202111600484A CN114196890A CN 114196890 A CN114196890 A CN 114196890A CN 202111600484 A CN202111600484 A CN 202111600484A CN 114196890 A CN114196890 A CN 114196890A
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- -1 Molybdenum-iron-chromium-aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910002060 Fe-Cr-Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
- B21C1/003—Drawing materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special drawing methods or sequences
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/30—Stress-relieving
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
- C22C33/0285—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5% with Cr, Co, or Ni having a minimum content higher than 5%
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- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
- B22F2003/1051—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding by electric discharge
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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Abstract
The invention discloses a molybdenum-containing iron-chromium-aluminum electrothermal alloy wire and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing materials; (2) smelting; (3) deoxidizing; (4) blowing argon; (5) casting ingots; (6) crushing and sintering; (7) stress relief annealing; (8) and (4) drawing. The key point of the technical scheme is that the manufacturing process of the iron-chromium-aluminum electrothermal alloy wire is improved, and the iron-chromium-aluminum electrothermal alloy wire has the following advantages: the thermal shock resistance of the alloy is improved through the special metal content, and meanwhile, the resistivity is improved; the steel has the characteristics of low impurity, strong toughness and good tensile and oxidation resistance; the alloy is hot rolled at high temperature, the characteristic of high use temperature of the alloy is fully utilized, and the rolling effect is good; non-metallic inclusions in the alloy liquid can be effectively reduced through slagging and deoxidation; the electrothermal alloy wire prepared by the method has the advantages of reducing the total amount of inclusions, enabling the shapes of the inclusions to be regular and greatly reducing the sizes of the inclusions, and further improving the quality of the metal wire.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal wires, in particular to a molybdenum-containing iron-chromium-aluminum electrothermal alloy wire and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy has the features of high resistivity, small resistance temperature coefficient, high temperature oxidation resistance, low cost, etc. and is one of the most widely used electrothermal metal element. But in some specific cases it is desirable to insulate the surface. The OCr25A1l5 is taken as a main research object, and the surface insulating film is prepared by methods of direct oxidation, liquid immersion molten salt, anodic oxidation and the like. Meanwhile, the morphology, composition and formation mechanism of the surface insulating film are tested and analyzed by means of SEM, XRD, EDS and the like. In the direct oxidation process, the influence rule of time and temperature on the preparation of the surface insulating film is examined. In the process of preparing the liquid-immersed molten salt, the influence rule of the time of the molten salt on the preparation of the surface insulating film is examined. In the constant current anodic oxidation method, the influence rule of different current densities on the preparation of the surface insulating film is discussed.
However, the iron-chromium-aluminum electrothermal alloy manufactured by the process has the problems of defects in the internal structure, insufficient grain refinement degree, uneven distribution, poor thermal shock resistance and the like, or has unstable structure and performance, so the molybdenum-containing iron-chromium-aluminum electrothermal alloy wire and the preparation method thereof are provided for solving the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a molybdenum-containing iron-chromium-aluminum electrothermal alloy wire and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the background art.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the electrothermal alloy wire containing molybdenum, iron, chromium and aluminum and the preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) preparing materials;
(2) smelting;
(3) deoxidizing;
(4) blowing argon;
(5) casting ingots;
(6) crushing and sintering;
(7) stress relief annealing;
(8) and (4) drawing.
Further, in the batching step: the main chemical components are as follows according to the weight ratio: 26.5 to 27.8 portions of Cr; 6.0-7.0 of Al; 1.8-2.2% of Mo; 5 to 8 percent of Re; the balance being Fe.
Further, in the smelting step: vacuumizing to 1 x 10 < -4 > Pa in a medium-frequency induction vacuum furnace, melting the raw materials under a high vacuum condition, blowing oxygen for decarburization after melting, stopping blowing oxygen after the carbon content is lower than 0.02 percent, then boiling under a high vacuum for 20-25 minutes, and wrapping and placing boron powder at the bottommost part by using aluminum foil before melting.
Further, in the deoxidation step: adding aluminum for deep deoxidation, wherein the adding amount of the aluminum is 1.5-2.5 Kg/t, and the deoxidation time is more than 15-25 minutes.
Further, in the argon blowing step: and blowing argon at the bottom of the ladle, controlling the flow of the argon at 4-5L/min, blowing the argon for 2-3 min, standing for 2 min, and then casting into an ingot.
Further, in the pulverizing and sintering step: crushing and grinding the cast ingot to obtain alloy powder, discharging plasma, sintering at 1350-1400 ℃ for 8-9 h.
Further, the characteristics of the iron-chromium-aluminum series electric heating alloy wire obtained after the processing are as follows: resistivity: 1.53 mu omega; density: 7.10g/cm3, thermal conductivity: 45.2KJ/m.h. ° c, coefficient of linear expansion: 16.0a × 10-6/deg.C, melting point about value: 1520 ℃, tensile strength: 6830-830MPa, elongation: more than 10 percent, reduction of area: 65-75%, number of repeated bends: > 5, hardness h.b.: 200-260, microstructure: ferrite, magnetic property: there are.
Further, in the stress relief annealing step: in a vacuum heat treatment furnace, the vacuum degree is 1 multiplied by 10 < -3 > Pa, the annealing temperature is 900 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 10 hours.
Further, in the ingot casting step: the ingot is electromagnetically stirred, the frequency is 25-30Hz, and the exciting current is 450-500A.
Further, in the drawing step: and carrying out multi-pass drawing after rinsing to obtain the iron-chromium-aluminum series electric heating alloy wire.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method improves the manufacturing process of the iron-chromium-aluminum electrothermal alloy wire, and has the following advantages: the thermal shock resistance of the alloy is improved through the special metal content, and meanwhile, the resistivity is improved; the steel has the characteristics of low impurity, strong toughness and good tensile and oxidation resistance; the alloy is hot rolled at high temperature, the characteristic of high use temperature of the alloy is fully utilized, and the rolling effect is good; non-metallic inclusions in the alloy liquid can be effectively reduced through slagging and deoxidation; the electrothermal alloy wire prepared by the method has the advantages of reducing the total amount of inclusions, enabling the shapes of the inclusions to be regular and greatly reducing the sizes of the inclusions, and further improving the quality of the metal wire.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention discloses a molybdenum-iron-chromium-aluminum-containing electrothermal alloy wire and a preparation method thereof in a preferred embodiment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: the main chemical components are as follows according to the weight ratio: 26.5 parts of Cr; 6.0 of Al; 1.8 parts of Mo; 5 of Re; the balance of Fe;
(2) smelting: the method comprises the following steps of (1) vacuumizing to 1 x 10 < -4 > Pa in a medium-frequency induction vacuum furnace, melting the raw materials under a high vacuum condition, blowing oxygen for decarburization after melting, stopping blowing oxygen after the carbon content is lower than 0.02%, then boiling under a high vacuum condition for 20 minutes, and wrapping boron powder on the bottommost part by using an aluminum foil before melting;
(3) and (3) deoxidation: adding aluminum for deep deoxidation, wherein the adding amount of the aluminum is 1.5 Kg/t, and the deoxidation time is more than 15 minutes;
(4) argon blowing: argon is blown at the bottom of the ladle, argon flow is controlled at 5L/min, argon blowing time is 3 min, and casting is carried out after standing for 2 min to form a cast ingot;
(5) ingot casting: electromagnetically stirring the ingot casting, wherein the frequency is 30Hz, and the excitation current is 500A;
(6) and (3) crushing and sintering: crushing and grinding the cast ingot to obtain alloy powder, discharging plasma, and sintering at 1400 ℃ for 9 hours;
(7) stress relief annealing: in a vacuum heat treatment furnace, the vacuum degree is 1 multiplied by 10 < -3 > Pa, the annealing temperature is 900 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 10 hours;
(8) drawing: and carrying out multi-pass drawing after rinsing to obtain the iron-chromium-aluminum series electric heating alloy wire.
The iron-chromium-aluminum series electric heating alloy wire obtained after the processing by the method has the following characteristics: resistivity: 1.53 mu omega; density: 7.10g/cm3, thermal conductivity: 45.2KJ/m.h. ° c, coefficient of linear expansion: 16.0a × 10-6/deg.C, melting point about value: 1520 ℃, tensile strength: 6830-830MPa, elongation: more than 10 percent, reduction of area: 65-75%, number of repeated bends: > 5, hardness h.b.: 200-260, microstructure: ferrite, magnetic property: there are.
Example 2
The invention discloses a molybdenum-iron-chromium-aluminum-containing electrothermal alloy wire and a preparation method thereof in a preferred embodiment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: the main chemical components are as follows according to the weight ratio: 27.8 parts of Cr; 7.0 of Al; 2.2 parts of Mo; re is 8; the balance of Fe;
(2) smelting: the method comprises the following steps of (1) vacuumizing to 1 x 10 < -4 > Pa in a medium-frequency induction vacuum furnace, melting the raw materials under a high vacuum condition, blowing oxygen for decarburization after melting, stopping blowing oxygen after the carbon content is lower than 0.02%, then boiling under a high vacuum condition for 25 minutes, and wrapping boron powder on the bottommost part by using an aluminum foil before melting;
(3) and (3) deoxidation: adding aluminum for deep deoxidation, wherein the adding amount of the aluminum is 2.5Kg/t, and the deoxidation time is more than 25 minutes;
(4) argon blowing: argon is blown at the bottom of the ladle, argon flow is controlled at 5L/min, argon blowing time is 3 min, and casting is carried out after standing for 2 min to form a cast ingot;
(5) ingot casting: electromagnetically stirring the ingot casting, wherein the frequency is 30Hz, and the excitation current is 500A;
(6) and (3) crushing and sintering: crushing and grinding the cast ingot to obtain alloy powder, discharging plasma, and sintering at 1400 ℃ for 9 hours;
(7) stress relief annealing: in a vacuum heat treatment furnace, the vacuum degree is 1 multiplied by 10 < -3 > Pa, the annealing temperature is 900 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 10 hours;
(8) drawing: and carrying out multi-pass drawing after rinsing to obtain the iron-chromium-aluminum series electric heating alloy wire.
The iron-chromium-aluminum series electric heating alloy wire obtained after the processing by the method has the following characteristics: resistivity: 1.53 mu omega; density: 7.10g/cm3, thermal conductivity: 45.2KJ/m.h. ° c, coefficient of linear expansion: 16.0a × 10-6/deg.C, melting point about value: 1520 ℃, tensile strength: 6830-830MPa, elongation: more than 10 percent, reduction of area: 65-75%, number of repeated bends: > 5, hardness h.b.: 200-260, microstructure: ferrite, magnetic property: there are.
Example 3
The invention discloses a molybdenum-iron-chromium-aluminum-containing electrothermal alloy wire and a preparation method thereof in a preferred embodiment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: the main chemical components are as follows according to the weight ratio: 26.5 to 27.8 portions of Cr; 6.0-7.0 of Al; 1.8-2.2% of Mo; re is 7; the balance of Fe;
(2) smelting: the method comprises the following steps of (1) vacuumizing to 1 x 10 < -4 > Pa in a medium-frequency induction vacuum furnace, melting the raw materials under a high vacuum condition, blowing oxygen for decarburization after melting, stopping blowing oxygen after the carbon content is lower than 0.02%, then boiling under a high vacuum condition for 20-25 minutes, and wrapping boron powder on the bottommost part by using an aluminum foil before melting;
(3) and (3) deoxidation: adding aluminum for deep deoxidation, wherein the adding amount of the aluminum is 1.5-2.5 Kg/t, and the deoxidation time is more than 15-25 minutes;
(4) argon blowing: blowing argon at the bottom of the ladle, controlling the flow of the argon at 4-5L/min, blowing the argon for 2-3 min, standing for 2 min, and then casting into a cast ingot;
(5) ingot casting: electromagnetically stirring the ingot, wherein the frequency is 25-30Hz, and the exciting current is 450-500A;
(6) and (3) crushing and sintering: crushing and grinding the cast ingot to obtain alloy powder, discharging plasma, sintering at 1350-1400 ℃ for 8-9 h;
(7) stress relief annealing: in a vacuum heat treatment furnace, the vacuum degree is 1 multiplied by 10 < -3 > Pa, the annealing temperature is 900 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 10 hours;
(8) drawing: and carrying out multi-pass drawing after rinsing to obtain the iron-chromium-aluminum series electric heating alloy wire.
The iron-chromium-aluminum series electric heating alloy wire obtained after the processing by the method has the following characteristics: resistivity: 1.53 mu omega; density: 7.10g/cm3, thermal conductivity: 45.2KJ/m.h. ° c, coefficient of linear expansion: 16.0a × 10-6/deg.C, melting point about value: 1520 ℃, tensile strength: 6830-830MPa, elongation: more than 10 percent, reduction of area: 65-75%, number of repeated bends: > 5, hardness h.b.: 200-260, microstructure: ferrite, magnetic property: there are.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
cr: dissolved in austenite, and improves the high-temperature oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of the alloy. In order to maintain sufficient high temperature oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, a large Cr content is required; cr increases the thermal expansion coefficient and the instability of the structure of the alloy, so the content is not suitable to be too high; mo: the alloy has large atomic radius and obvious solid solution strengthening effect on the alloy matrix.
The method improves the manufacturing process of the iron-chromium-aluminum electrothermal alloy wire, and has the following advantages: the thermal shock resistance of the alloy is improved through the special metal content, and meanwhile, the resistivity is improved; the steel has the characteristics of low impurity, strong toughness and good tensile and oxidation resistance; the alloy is hot rolled at high temperature, the characteristic of high use temperature of the alloy is fully utilized, and the rolling effect is good; non-metallic inclusions in the alloy liquid can be effectively reduced through slagging and deoxidation; the electrothermal alloy wire prepared by the method of the invention has the advantages of reduced total amount of inclusions, regular appearance of the inclusions, greatly reduced size, and further improved quality
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The molybdenum-iron-chromium-aluminum-containing electrothermal alloy wire and the preparation method thereof are characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparing materials;
(2) smelting;
(3) deoxidizing;
(4) blowing argon;
(5) casting ingots;
(6) crushing and sintering;
(7) stress relief annealing;
(8) and (4) drawing.
2. The Mo-containing Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy wire and its preparing process according to claim 1, wherein: the burdening step comprises the following steps: the main chemical components are as follows according to the weight ratio: 26.5 to 27.8 portions of Cr; 6.0-7.0 of Al; 1.8-2.2% of Mo; 5 to 8 percent of Re; the balance being Fe.
3. The Mo-containing Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy wire and its preparing process according to claim 2, wherein: in the smelting step: vacuumizing to 1 x 10 < -4 > Pa in a medium-frequency induction vacuum furnace, melting the raw materials under a high vacuum condition, blowing oxygen for decarburization after melting, stopping blowing oxygen after the carbon content is lower than 0.02 percent, then boiling under a high vacuum for 20-25 minutes, and wrapping and placing boron powder at the bottommost part by using aluminum foil before melting.
4. The Mo-containing Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy wire and its preparing process according to claim 3, wherein: in the deoxidation step: adding aluminum for deep deoxidation, wherein the adding amount of the aluminum is 1.5-2.5 Kg/t, and the deoxidation time is more than 15-25 minutes.
5. The Mo-containing Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy wire and its preparing process according to claim 1, wherein: in the argon blowing step: and blowing argon at the bottom of the ladle, controlling the flow of the argon at 4-5L/min, blowing the argon for 2-3 min, standing for 2 min, and then casting into an ingot.
6. The Mo-containing Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy wire and its preparing process according to claim 2, wherein: the crushing and sintering steps are as follows: crushing and grinding the cast ingot to obtain alloy powder, discharging plasma, sintering at 1350-1400 ℃ for 8-9 h.
7. The Mo-containing Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy wire and its preparing process according to claim 1, wherein: the characteristics of the iron-chromium-aluminum series electric heating alloy wire obtained after the processing are as follows: resistivity: 1.53 mu omega; density: 7.10g/cm3, thermal conductivity: 45.2KJ/m.h. ° c, coefficient of linear expansion: 16.0a × 10-6/deg.C, melting point about value: 1520 ℃, tensile strength: 6830-830MPa, elongation: more than 10 percent, reduction of area: 65-75%, number of repeated bends: > 5, hardness h.b.: 200-260, microstructure: ferrite, magnetic property: there are.
8. The Mo-containing Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy wire and its preparing process according to claim 2, wherein: the stress relief annealing step comprises: in a vacuum heat treatment furnace, the vacuum degree is 1 multiplied by 10 < -3 > Pa, the annealing temperature is 900 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 10 hours.
9. The Mo-containing Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy wire and its preparing process according to claim 8, wherein: the ingot casting step comprises: the ingot is electromagnetically stirred, the frequency is 25-30Hz, and the exciting current is 450-500A.
10. The Mo-containing Fe-Cr-Al electrothermal alloy wire and its preparing process according to claim 9, wherein: in the drawing step: and carrying out multi-pass drawing after rinsing to obtain the iron-chromium-aluminum series electric heating alloy wire.
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