CN114195741A - Preparation method of carfilzomib key intermediate isomer - Google Patents

Preparation method of carfilzomib key intermediate isomer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114195741A
CN114195741A CN202111624606.9A CN202111624606A CN114195741A CN 114195741 A CN114195741 A CN 114195741A CN 202111624606 A CN202111624606 A CN 202111624606A CN 114195741 A CN114195741 A CN 114195741A
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compound
carfilzomib
key intermediate
isomer
molar ratio
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项威威
邵志强
赵纪山
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Nanjing Gearpharma Technology Co ltd
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Nanjing Gearpharma Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D301/00Preparation of oxiranes
    • C07D301/02Synthesis of the oxirane ring
    • C07D301/03Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D303/00Compounds containing three-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D303/02Compounds containing oxirane rings
    • C07D303/36Compounds containing oxirane rings with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07BGENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B2200/00Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
    • C07B2200/07Optical isomers

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a carfilzomib key intermediate isomer, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) BOC-D-leucine (SM) is activated by pivaloyl chloride and condensed with morpholine under the action of N-methylmorpholine to obtain a compound 1; (2) reacting the compound 1 with a Grignard reagent under the action of isopropyl magnesium chloride to obtain a compound 2; (3) and oxidizing the compound 2 with sodium hypochlorite to obtain a compound 3 and a compound 4. The method can obtain isomers with high purity, and the purity can meet the requirements of structure identification, impurity spectrum research and methodology verification. Has important significance for the quality research and the quality control of the carfilzomib key intermediate compound 6 and the finished carfilzomib.

Description

Preparation method of carfilzomib key intermediate isomer
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medicines, and relates to a preparation method of a carfilzomib key intermediate isomer.
Background
Carfilzomib, a proteasome inhibitor, is useful for treating multiple myeloma patients. Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a malignant tumor that originates from a B cell line and is characterized by clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow microenvironment, causing bone fractures and bone marrow failure, the second most common hematologic tumor worldwide and is not curable by traditional chemotherapy regimens. Bortezomib (brotezomib) is the first proteasome inhibitor and, due to its strong resistance and the ongoing studies on the mechanism of resistance, carfilzomib, followed by bortezomib, is approved by the FDA as a second proteasome inhibitor for the treatment of multiple myeloma patients who previously received at least 2 drugs, including bortezomib and immunomodulator therapy.
Carfilzomib is a specific, irreversible targeted inhibitor, originally developed by Proteolix corporation, produced by ornix (Onyx) pharmaceutical corporation, approved by FDA for marketing at 2012, 7/20. Carfilzomib has the structure compound 5:
Figure BDA0003438497230000011
the carfilzomib structure contains 5 chiral carbon molecules, so that the prepared isomer compound has important significance for the quality research and control of carfilzomib intermediate compounds and carfilzomib bulk drugs.
A key intermediate, compound 6, is required in the carfilzomib synthesis process and has the following structure:
Figure BDA0003438497230000012
in the synthesis process of the key intermediate compound 6, a chiral is introduced into a starting material and 1 chiral center is constructed, isomer impurities are mixed in an intermediate product, and in the synthesis process, 2 isomers, namely compounds 3 and 4, are found, and the structure is as follows:
Figure BDA0003438497230000021
if the content of the isomer compound 3 and the compound 4 in the intermediate compound 6 is relatively high, the isomer impurity is derived in the subsequent synthesis of the raw material drug carfilzomib, and the derived isomer impurity is difficult to remove in the raw material drug. The research on isomers of the raw material medicine carfilzomib is important, in the process of drug development, the quality control of an intermediate is an important link, and the establishment of a quality standard needs a certain amount of reference substances, so the development of a preparation method of the isomers is an important task of drug research.
The method has great significance for relevant research on the isomer of carfilzomib, and can be used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of impurities in production of carfilzomib intermediates, so that the quality standard of carfilzomib can be improved, and important guiding significance is provided for safe medication of people.
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a key intermediate isomer of carfilzomib, which is simple to operate and mild in condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a carfilzomib key intermediate isomer, which can obtain an isomer with higher purity, and the purity can meet the requirements of structure identification, impurity spectrum research and methodology verification. Has important significance for the quality research and the quality control of the carfilzomib key intermediate compound 6 and the finished carfilzomib.
The invention provides a preparation method of a carfilzomib key intermediate isomer, which has the advantages of mild reaction conditions in each step, easiness in purification, simplicity in operation and higher yield, avoids a method obtained by liquid phase preparation, and greatly reduces the cost.
In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present inventors finally obtained the following technical solutions through a large number of experimental studies:
Figure BDA0003438497230000022
the invention provides a preparation method of a carfilzomib key intermediate isomer, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) BOC-D-leucine (SM) is activated by pivaloyl chloride and condensed with morpholine under the action of N-methylmorpholine to obtain a compound 1;
(2) reacting the compound 1 with a Grignard reagent under the action of isopropyl magnesium chloride to obtain a compound 2;
(3) and oxidizing the compound 2 with sodium hypochlorite to obtain a compound 3 and a compound 4.
In the step (1), the molar ratio of the compound SM to the pivaloyl chloride is 1:1-1:1.2, the molar ratio of the compound SM to the N-methylmorpholine is 1:1-1:1.2, the molar ratio of the N-methylmorpholine to the morpholine is 1:1-1:2, and the reaction solvent is isopropyl acetate.
In the step (2), the molar ratio of the compound 1 to isopropyl magnesium chloride is 1:1-1:1.2, the grignard reagent is prepared from 2-bromopropylene and magnesium chips, the molar ratio of the compound 1 to 2-bromopropylene is 1:2, the molar ratio of the 2-bromopropylene to the magnesium chips is 1:1.15, and the reaction solvent is a mixed solvent of petroleum ether/tetrahydrofuran (v/v ═ 1/3).
In the step (3), the molar ratio of the compound 2 to sodium hypochlorite is 1:3, and the reaction solvent is N-methylpyrrolidone.
Detailed Description
The following examples are presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to more fully understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments described herein.
Example 1
Preparation of Compound 1
Adding 10g of SM and 60g of isopropyl acetate into a reaction bottle, replacing with nitrogen, cooling to-10-0 ℃, slowly adding 4.97g of pivaloyl chloride into the system, stirring at-10-0 ℃ for 10min, slowly adding 4.47g N-methylmorpholine, heating to 20-25 ℃, reacting, cooling to-10-0 ℃, slowly adding 3.85g of morpholine into the system, heating to 20-25 ℃ for reacting, dropwise adding 8mL of 1M sulfuric acid solution into the reaction bottle, separating, standing, adding a sodium hydroxide solution into an organic phase, separating, washing the organic phase with water and saturated salt water sequentially, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain 11g of a crude compound 1, wherein the yield is 84.7%.
Example 2
Preparation of Compound 2
Dissolving 21g of compound 1 in a mixed solvent of 42mL of petroleum ether and 126mL of tetrahydrofuran, carrying out nitrogen protection, cooling to below-10 ℃, adding 3.86g of magnesium chips, dropwise adding 41.2mL of isopropyl magnesium chloride, slowly heating after dropwise addition, dropwise adding a small amount of 2-bromopropene to initiate reaction, controlling the temperature to be 30-35 ℃, continuously dropwise adding 16.9g of 2-bromopropene, finishing the reaction, adding the reaction solution into a mixed solution of 30% citric acid aqueous solution (168mL) and petroleum ether (210mL), separating liquid, washing an organic phase twice with water, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrating under reduced pressure, stirring a residue silica gel, purifying by column chromatography, and eluting with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (1/100) to obtain 2.7g of compound 2, wherein the yield is 15.1%.
Example 3
Preparation of Compounds 3, 4
Adding 15.08g of compound 2 and 210mL of N-methylpyrrolidone into a reaction bottle, dropwise adding 140g of 10% sodium hypochlorite solution, controlling the temperature to be 0-10 ℃ for reaction after the dropwise adding is finished, adding 1L of 13% sodium thiosulfate solution to quench the reaction, extracting a water phase by 300mL of 2-heptane, combining organic phases, washing the organic phases once by 200mL of water, drying the anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrating under reduced pressure, mixing the residue with silica gel, purifying by column chromatography, eluting by petroleum ether and ethyl acetate which are 50: 1-40: 1 to obtain 7g of compound 3, wherein the yield is 43.6%, and the liquid phase purity is 97.04%; petroleum ether and ethyl acetate 10:1 gave 1.27g of compound 4 in 7.9% yield and 99.23% liquid phase purity.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and features of the present invention, together with the advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (4)

1. A preparation method of a carfilzomib key intermediate isomer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Figure FDA0003438497220000011
(1) BOC-D-leucine (SM) is activated by pivaloyl chloride, and is condensed with morpholine under the action of N-methylmorpholine to obtain a compound 1:
Figure FDA0003438497220000012
(2) reacting the compound 1 with a Grignard reagent under the action of isopropyl magnesium chloride to obtain a compound 2:
Figure FDA0003438497220000013
(3) oxidation of compound 2 with sodium hypochlorite yielded compound 3 and compound 4:
Figure FDA0003438497220000014
2. the method for preparing the isomer of the carfilzomib key intermediate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (1), the molar ratio of the compound SM to the pivaloyl chloride is 1:1-1:1.2, the molar ratio of the compound SM to the N-methylmorpholine is 1:1-1:1.2, the molar ratio of the N-methylmorpholine to the morpholine is 1:1-1:2, and the reaction solvent is isopropyl acetate.
3. The method for preparing the isomer of the carfilzomib key intermediate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (2), the molar ratio of the compound 1 to isopropyl magnesium chloride is 1:1-1:1.2, the grignard reagent is prepared from 2-bromopropylene and magnesium chips, the molar ratio of the compound 1 to 2-bromopropylene is 1:2, the molar ratio of the 2-bromopropylene to the magnesium chips is 1:1.15, and the reaction solvent is a mixed solvent of petroleum ether/tetrahydrofuran (v/v ═ 1/3).
4. The method for preparing the isomer of the carfilzomib key intermediate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (3), the molar ratio of the compound 2 to the sodium hypochlorite is 1:3, and the reaction solvent is N-methylpyrrolidone.
CN202111624606.9A 2021-12-28 2021-12-28 Preparation method of carfilzomib key intermediate isomer Pending CN114195741A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116023347A (en) * 2022-10-09 2023-04-28 无锡紫杉药业股份有限公司 Method for preparing carfilzomib side chain isomer

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050256324A1 (en) * 2004-05-10 2005-11-17 Proteolix, Inc. Synthesis of amino acid keto-epoxides
CN101883779A (en) * 2007-10-04 2010-11-10 欧尼斯治疗公司 Synthesizing of crystalline peptide epoxy ketone protease inhibitors and amino acid ketone-epoxide
CN109641863A (en) * 2016-08-05 2019-04-16 美国安进公司 (S) synthesis of-2- amino-4- methyl-1-((R)-2- methyl oxirane-2- base)-amyl- 1- ketone and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050256324A1 (en) * 2004-05-10 2005-11-17 Proteolix, Inc. Synthesis of amino acid keto-epoxides
CN101883779A (en) * 2007-10-04 2010-11-10 欧尼斯治疗公司 Synthesizing of crystalline peptide epoxy ketone protease inhibitors and amino acid ketone-epoxide
CN109641863A (en) * 2016-08-05 2019-04-16 美国安进公司 (S) synthesis of-2- amino-4- methyl-1-((R)-2- methyl oxirane-2- base)-amyl- 1- ketone and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
ANDREW J. MALONEY等: ""A Virtual Plant for Integrated Continuous Manufacturing of a Carfi lzomib Drug Substance Intermediate, Part 3: Manganese-Catalyzed Asymmetric Epoxidation, Crystallization, and Filtration"", ORG. PROCESS RES. DEV., vol. 24, pages 1891 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116023347A (en) * 2022-10-09 2023-04-28 无锡紫杉药业股份有限公司 Method for preparing carfilzomib side chain isomer

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