CN114194421B - Holding claw type locking and separating mechanism - Google Patents
Holding claw type locking and separating mechanism Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114194421B CN114194421B CN202111464747.9A CN202111464747A CN114194421B CN 114194421 B CN114194421 B CN 114194421B CN 202111464747 A CN202111464747 A CN 202111464747A CN 114194421 B CN114194421 B CN 114194421B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- holding claw
- claw
- locking
- compression bushing
- locked structure
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- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/64—Systems for coupling or separating cosmonautic vehicles or parts thereof, e.g. docking arrangements
- B64G1/646—Docking or rendezvous systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Clamps And Clips (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a locking and separating mechanism of a holding claw, which comprises a compression bushing, a holding claw, a locked structure, a shell, a rotating shaft, a release spring, a tension spring, a locking bolt, a split nut and the like. In the locking state, the clamping bush simultaneously compresses the holding claw and the locked structure under the action of the pretightening force of the locking bolt; when unlocking is needed, the split nut is separated, the locking bolt is released from constraint and is sprung out by the release spring, the holding claw is outwards turned under the action of the tension spring until the holding claw is in hard stop contact with the top surface of the shell, the compression bushing is upwards sprung under the combined action of the turning force of the holding claw and the restoring force of the release spring, and a certain gap exists between the separated locked structure and the holding claw, so that the locked structure can be ensured to reliably operate; in the rail running process, the tension spring can continuously tighten the holding claw to avoid the inward overturning. The invention has simple and compact structure, realizes controllable gap after separation, and can be used for locking and separating rotary structures in spacecrafts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spacecraft mechanisms, in particular to a space locking and separating mechanism.
Background
The spacecraft needs a plurality of unlocking devices to realize the connection and separation functions, however, most of the existing locking and separating mechanisms aim at the occasion that the structure needs to be completely separated, and the locked structure becomes two objects which independently move after unlocking, such as the separation of a multistage carrier rocket, the separation between a satellite and the carrier rocket, and the like. For rotating structures on a spacecraft, the locked structures are still connected to the same substrate after separation, and relative movement exists between the structures, and the existing locking and separating mechanism cannot generate controllable gaps between the structures, so that collision or abrasion between the separated structures can occur, and normal operation of the spacecraft is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the problems of collision risk, complex structure and the like after separation in the prior art, and provides a locking and separating mechanism with controllable gap, reliable connection and simple structure after separation aiming at the locking and separating requirement of a rotary structure.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that: a locking and separating mechanism of a holding claw comprises a pressing bushing, a holding claw, a locked structure, a shell, a rotating shaft, a disengaging spring, a spring gland, a tension spring, a locking bolt, a split nut and the like. The shell provides support for the whole locking and separating mechanism, a plurality of pairs of lugs are longitudinally arranged at the top of the shell, and the middle of each pair of lugs is connected with a holding claw through a rotating shaft; the side of the bottom of the shell is provided with a flange for fixing the locking and separating mechanism on the spacecraft cabin plate. One end of the long arm of the L-shaped holding claw is matched with the locked structure, one end of the short arm is matched with the compression bushing, and the upper part of the outer side is connected with a pre-stretching tension spring. The head of the locking bolt presses the compression bushing, and the screw rod passes through the compression bushing and then is in threaded fit with the split nut to provide locking force for the compression bushing. The top of the compression bushing is connected with a spring gland, the upper end of the spring gland is provided with a flanging structure, and the precompressed uncoupling spring is arranged between the flanging and the locked structure.
In the locking state, the compression bushing simultaneously compresses the holding claw and the locked structure due to the pretightening force of the locking bolt, the rotation freedom degree of the holding claw is limited, the space position of the holding claw is fixed, and the bearing locking effect is achieved; when unlocking is needed, the split nut is separated, the cooperation with the locking bolt is released, the locking bolt is popped up by the release spring, the holding claw is turned outwards under the action of the tension spring, the compression bushing is popped up under the combined action of the turning force of the holding claw and the restoring force of the release spring, and a certain gap exists between the separated locked structure and the holding claw, so that the locked structure can be ensured to reliably operate; in the rail running process, the tension spring can continuously tighten the holding claw, so that the normal work of the locked structure is prevented from being influenced due to the fact that the holding claw turns inwards.
Further, the mechanism also comprises a bolt accommodating cover which can limit the restoring length of the disengaging spring and prevent the locking bolt and the compression bushing from flying outwards during unlocking.
Further, a spherical gasket is arranged between the head of the locking bolt and the compression bushing, so that the centering requirement of the locking bolt in the installation process is reduced.
Further, the compaction bushing is of a T-shaped structure with a central through hole, the central through hole is used for penetrating through the locking bolt, the upper end of the compaction bushing is used for compacting the locked structure, the lower end of the compaction bushing is used for compacting the enclasping claw, and the center of the top end of the compaction bushing is provided with a spherical groove matched with the spherical gasket.
Further, by precisely controlling the length of the axial section of the compression bushing, it is ensured that it can simultaneously compress the holding pawl and the locked structure.
Further, the structure of holding claw is L type, and long arm one end is equipped with the conical surface for with by locking structure's sphere cooperation, short arm one end is the plane, be used for with compressing tightly the bush cooperation.
Further, the number of the holding claws is at least 2, and the holding claws are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction so as to ensure the stress balance, and the number of the holding claws can be set according to the actual size and the requirement.
Further, the inner cambered surface diameter of the long arm section of the holding claw is larger than the outer diameter of the axial section of the compression bushing, so that a sufficient gap is reserved between the long arm section and the inner cambered surface in the locking state, and smooth ejection of the compression bushing in the separation process is ensured.
Further, the connecting line of the spherical center of the spherical surface between the holding claw and the locked structure and the rotating shaft has a certain included angle, so that the possibility that the holding claw is at a dead point position and cannot turn over can be avoided.
Further, each holding claw is driven by 2 tension springs, any 1 tension spring can drive the holding claw to overturn to a designated position, the holding claw can reliably overturn even after the 1 tension spring is broken, and the holding claw can be reliably tensioned after overturning so as to maintain the space position.
Further, a certain gap is reserved between the holding claw and the shell lug, so that the resistance of the holding claw in the overturning process is reduced.
Furthermore, the shell is also provided with a hard stop part for controlling the overturning angle of the holding claw, so as to control the clearance between the holding claw and the locked structure after overturning, the size of the clearance depends on the height of the hard stop of the shell, and the height of the hard stop of the shell can be designed according to actual requirements to control the clearance.
Compared with the existing locking and separating technology, the invention has the advantages of controllable gap, high reliability, simple structure and the like after separation, and is particularly characterized in the following two aspects:
(1) According to the locking and separating mechanism of the enclasping claw, after separation, the enclasping claw can be overturned to a designated position, and a controllable gap is formed between the enclasping claw and a locked structure, so that collision is avoided after separation.
(2) According to the invention, two redundant tension springs are adopted to drive the holding claw to turn over, so that the separation reliability of the mechanism is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention in a locked state;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention in a separated state;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a compression bushing of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the clasping pawl of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the force transmission path between the clasping pawl and the locked structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the cooperation of the holding claw, the rotating shaft and the housing, wherein FIG. 6 (a) is a three-dimensional view, and FIG. 6 (b) is a cross-sectional view;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the position of the holding claw before and after unlocking, wherein fig. 7 (a) is before unlocking and fig. 7 (b) is after unlocking.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. compressing the bushing; 2. holding the claw tightly; 3. a locked structure; 4. a housing; 5. a rotating shaft; 6. a release spring; 7. a spring gland; 8. a tension spring; 9. a locking bolt; 10. a split nut; 11. a spherical spacer; 12. a bolt housing cover; 101. compressing the spherical surface of the bushing; 102. compressing the liner shaft section; 103. pressing the upper plane of the bushing; 104. compressing the lower plane of the bushing; 201. tightly holding the conical surface of the claw; 202. holding the claw plane tightly; 203. a mating hole; 401. a housing tab; 402. the housing is hard stop.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a clasping claw type locking and separating mechanism, which comprises: the clamping bushing 1, the clamping claw 2, the locked structure 3, the shell 4, the rotating shaft 5, the release spring 6, the spring gland 7, the tension spring 8, the locking bolt 9, the split nut 10, the spherical gasket 11 and the bolt accommodating cover 12.
Wherein, the shell 4 provides support for the whole mechanism, and its top is equipped with multiunit paired shell tab 401 along vertically, connects a holding claw 2 through pivot 5 in the middle of each pair tab (in this embodiment, set up 3 pairs of shell tabs and 3 holding claws along circumference equipartition). The holding claw 2 is L-shaped, one end of a long arm of the holding claw is matched with the locked structure 3, one end of a short arm of the holding claw is matched with the compression bushing 1, and the upper part of the outer side of the holding claw is connected with a pre-stretched tension spring 8. The threaded section of the lower end of the locking bolt 9 cooperates with the split nut 10 to provide a locking force for the compression bushing 1. The top of the compression bushing 1 is connected with a spring gland 7, the upper end of the spring gland is provided with a flanging structure, and a precompressed disengaging spring 6 is arranged between the flanging and the locked structure 3.
In the locking state, under the pretightening force of the locking bolt 9, the compression bushing 1 simultaneously compresses the holding claw 2 and the locked structure 3, and the rotation freedom degree of the holding claw 2 is limited. When unlocking is needed, the split nut 10 is separated, the locking bolt 9 loses constraint and is ejected by the release spring 6, the holding claw 2 is turned outwards under the action of the tension spring 8 until contacting with the hard stop part on the top surface of the shell, the compression bushing 1 is sprung upwards under the combined action of the turning force of the holding claw 2 and the restoring force of the release spring 6, and the clamping bushing 1 and the sprung locking bolt 9 are stored together by the bolt storage cover 12. A certain gap exists between the separated locked structure 3 and the holding claw 2, so that the locked structure 3 can be ensured to reliably operate; during rail operation, the tension spring 6 continuously tightens the holding claw 8 to avoid the inward overturning.
The structure of the compression bushing 1 is shown in fig. 3, and is a T-shaped structure with a central through hole, the locking bolt 9 penetrates through the through hole, the center of the top end is a spherical surface 101 and is used for being matched with the spherical gasket 11, so that the pretightening force of the locking bolt 9 is transmitted, the length of the shaft section 102 of the compression bushing is accurately controlled, and the upper plane 103 of the compression bushing and the lower plane 104 of the compression bushing can be ensured to respectively compress the locked structure 3 and the holding claw 2.
The structure of the holding claw 2 is shown in fig. 4, the holding claw is of an L-shaped structure, and one end of a long arm is provided with a conical surface 201 which is used for being matched with the spherical surface of the locked structure 3; one end of the short arm is a plane 202 for matching with the lower plane 104 of the compression bushing 1; the holding claw 2 is also provided with 1 round hole 203 which is used for being matched with the rotating shaft 5, and when the holding claw 2 is separated, the holding claw 2 overturns around the rotating shaft 5.
In the locking state, the force transmission path between the holding claw 2 and the locked structure 3 is shown in fig. 5, and a certain included angle AOB is formed between the contact normal OA of the holding claw 2 and the locked structure 3 and the connecting line OB of the spherical center of the spherical surface of the locked structure 3 and the rotating shaft 5, and the angle AOB is 0, so that the possibility that the holding claw 2 cannot turn over due to the dead point position can be avoided.
The fitting mode of the enclasping claw 2, the rotating shaft 5 and the shell 4 is shown in fig. 6 (a) and 6 (b), a certain gap delta is reserved between the enclasping claw 2 and the shell lug 401, the overturning resistance of the enclasping claw 2 during separation can be reduced, and the restoring force of the tension spring 8 is ensured to be enough to drive the enclasping claw 2 to be in contact with the shell hard stop 402.
The position of the holding claw 2 before and after unlocking is shown in fig. 7 (a) and 7 (b), and the housing hard stop 402 is used for controlling the overturning angle of the holding claw 2 during separation, and the holding claw 2 is separated from the locked structure 3 after overturning and generates a certain gap, so that collision with the locked structure after separation is avoided.
In the above embodiment, the compression bushing 1 and the spring end cover 7 may be connected by bolts as shown in the drawings, by snap, pipe threads, interference fit, welding, or adhesion, or by an integral structure.
The parts of the invention not disclosed in detail, such as the release spring 6, the tension spring 8 and the split nut 10, are all of the state of the art.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is provided for the purpose of illustration only, and is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements as may fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A hugging jaw locking and separating mechanism, comprising: the clamping sleeve comprises a compression bushing (1), a clamping claw (2), a locked structure (3), a shell (4), a rotating shaft (5), a release spring (6), a spring gland (7), a tension spring (8), a locking bolt (9) and a split nut (10);
The compression bushing (1) is of a T-shaped structure with a central through hole, the central through hole is used for penetrating through the locking bolt (9), the upper plane (103) of the compression bushing is used for compressing the locked structure (3), the lower plane (104) of the compression bushing is used for compressing the holding claw (2), and the center of the top end of the compression bushing is provided with a spherical groove matched with the spherical gasket (11);
One end of the long arm of the holding claw (2) is provided with a conical surface which is used for being matched with the spherical surface of the locked structure (3); one end of the short arm is a plane and is used for being matched with the compression bushing (1); the upper part of the outer side is connected with a pre-stretched tension spring (8); at least 2 holding claws (2) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction so as to ensure the stress balance;
the shell (4) provides support for the whole mechanism, a plurality of groups of paired lugs are longitudinally arranged at the top of the shell, the middle of each pair of lugs is connected with an L-shaped enclasping claw (2) through a rotating shaft (5), and a shell hard stop (402) is arranged at the position, corresponding to the enclasping claw (2), of the top surface of the shell (4) and is used for controlling the overturning angle of the enclasping claw (2); the height of the housing hard stop (402) determines the size of the gap between the clasping claw (2) and the locked structure (3) after separation;
The screw rod of the locking bolt (9) passes through the compression bushing (1) and is in threaded fit with the split nut (10) to provide locking force for the compression bushing (1); the top of the compression bushing (1) is connected with a spring gland (7), and a precompressed uncoupling spring (6) is arranged between a flanging of the spring gland (7) and the locked structure (3);
In the locking state, the compression bushing (1) simultaneously compresses the holding claw (2) and the locked structure (3) under the action of the pretightening force of the locking bolt (9); when unlocking is needed, the split nut (10) is separated, the locking bolt (9) is out of constraint and is ejected by the release spring (6), the holding claw (2) is turned outwards under the action of the tension spring (8), the compression bushing (1) is sprung upwards under the combined action of the turning force of the holding claw (2) and the restoring force of the release spring (6), and a gap exists between the separated locked structure (3) and the holding claw (2), so that the locked structure (3) can be ensured to reliably operate; in the rail running process, the tension spring (8) can continuously tighten the holding claw (2) to avoid the inward overturning.
2. The clasping pawl-type locking and disengaging mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism further comprises a bolt housing cover (12) which limits the return length of the disengagement spring (6) and prevents the locking bolt (9) and the compression bushing (1) from flying outwards when unlocked.
3. The holding claw type locking and separating mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a spherical gasket (11) is arranged between the head of the locking bolt (9) and the compression bushing (1), so that the centering requirement of the locking bolt (9) in the installation process can be reduced.
4. The clasping claw type locking and separating mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the inner cambered surface diameter of the long arm section of the clasping claw (2) is larger than the outer diameter of the axial section of the compression bushing (1).
5. The locking and separating mechanism of the clasping claw according to claim 1, wherein an included angle between a contact normal line of the clasping claw (2) and the locked structure (3) and a connecting line of a spherical center of a contact spherical surface of the locked structure (3) and the rotating shaft (5) is larger than zero, so that the clasping claw (2) can be prevented from being at a dead point position and not being overturned.
6. The clasping jaw locking and separating mechanism according to claim 1, wherein each clasping jaw (2) is driven by 2 tension springs (8), wherein any 1 tension spring can drive the clasping jaw (2) to turn to a designated position, thereby ensuring that the clasping jaw (2) is reliably turned over and reliably tensioned after turning over.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111464747.9A CN114194421B (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Holding claw type locking and separating mechanism |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111464747.9A CN114194421B (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Holding claw type locking and separating mechanism |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114194421A CN114194421A (en) | 2022-03-18 |
| CN114194421B true CN114194421B (en) | 2024-06-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111464747.9A Active CN114194421B (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Holding claw type locking and separating mechanism |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114194421B (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN216332868U (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-04-19 | 北京灵翼航宇科技有限公司 | Holding claw type locking and separating mechanism |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5002418A (en) * | 1988-12-09 | 1991-03-26 | Vsi Corporation | Hold down device with extended capture pawl mechanism |
| KR101324661B1 (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2013-11-08 | 한국항공우주연구원 | Low Shock, Non-Explosive Release Device Using Shape Memory Alloy and Release Method |
| CN108190051A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of super large load tripper of SMA driving |
| CN109050987B (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2021-12-21 | 上海宇航系统工程研究所 | Plate chain type star-arrow connection unlocking machine |
| CN209535506U (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-10-25 | 北京灵翼航宇科技有限公司 | A kind of non-firer driving divides valve nut type tripper |
| CN112319869B (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2022-03-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Large-space-tolerance butt joint device and locking method |
-
2021
- 2021-12-03 CN CN202111464747.9A patent/CN114194421B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN216332868U (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-04-19 | 北京灵翼航宇科技有限公司 | Holding claw type locking and separating mechanism |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114194421A (en) | 2022-03-18 |
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