CN114194354B - Design method of bionic type air guide sleeve with noise reduction function - Google Patents
Design method of bionic type air guide sleeve with noise reduction function Download PDFInfo
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- CN114194354B CN114194354B CN202111509723.0A CN202111509723A CN114194354B CN 114194354 B CN114194354 B CN 114194354B CN 202111509723 A CN202111509723 A CN 202111509723A CN 114194354 B CN114194354 B CN 114194354B
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- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B71/00—Designing vessels; Predicting their performance
- B63B71/10—Designing vessels; Predicting their performance using computer simulation, e.g. finite element method [FEM] or computational fluid dynamics [CFD]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
- B63B2017/0045—Caps, hoods, or the like devices for protective purposes, not otherwise provided for
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2111/00—Details relating to CAD techniques
- G06F2111/10—Numerical modelling
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces
Abstract
The invention relates to a design method of a bionic air guide sleeve with a noise reduction function, the bionic air guide sleeve comprises an upper cover, a middle section and a bottom cabin, spherical protrusions are uniformly arranged on the surfaces of the upper cover, the middle section and the bottom cabin, so as to achieve the effect of reducing the sound pressure intensity of surface flow noise of the air guide sleeve in the advancing process, and the design method comprises the following steps: keeping the shape and structure of the main body of the bionic flow guide cover unchanged, and carrying out flow field numerical simulation on the bionic flow guide cover; the bionic structure design is carried out on the outer surface of the bionic type air guide sleeve; and carrying out numerical simulation verification on the noise reduction effect of the bionic air guide sleeve. The invention provides a bionic structure design method for enabling a sonar air guide sleeve to have noise reduction performance, and the air guide sleeve with the bionic structure can be designed by the design method, so that interference of flow excitation noise on a sonar signal is reduced, and the accuracy of the signal is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a ship sonar dome design technology, in particular to a bionic dome design method with a noise reduction function.
Background
When the ship runs at a high speed, flow excitation noise is generated on the surface of the sonar guide cover due to the excitation effect of fluid. The flow excitation noise can interfere with the collection of sonar signals, generate redundant signals and influence the judgment of sound source results, so that a design method for reducing the influence of noise on the dome signals is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to solve the technical problem that the bionic type air guide sleeve in the prior art can interfere with the collection of sonar signals and generate redundant signals under the influence of flow excitation noise, and provides a bionic type air guide sleeve design method with a noise reduction function.
In order to solve the technical problems, the bionic air guide sleeve design method with the noise reduction function comprises an upper cover, a middle section and a bottom cabin, wherein spherical protrusions are uniformly arranged on the surfaces of the upper cover, the middle section and the bottom cabin so as to achieve the effect of reducing the sound pressure intensity of noise on the surface of the air guide sleeve in the advancing process, and the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: keeping the shape and structure of the main body of the bionic flow guide cover unchanged, and carrying out flow field data numerical simulation on the bionic flow guide cover;
step S2: the bionic structure design is carried out on the outer surface of the bionic type air guide sleeve;
step S3: given the definition of the diameter d of the spherical protrusion,
wherein: u-dynamic viscosity coefficient of 25 ℃ water of 0.9 x 10 -6 m 2 S; ρ -density of liquid, kg/m 3 ；A Total (S) Total area of the shell of the air guide sleeve, m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the v-the navigational speed of the fairwater in water, m/s; a is the area of the plane or curved surface of the part where the spherical bulge is located, m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the V-total volume of the guide cover, m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the c, chord length of the section line of the air guide sleeve, m; t-the maximum thickness of the section, m; τ 0 -average shearing stress Pa of the outer wall surface of the guide cover where the spherical bulge is positioned;
step S4: the distance between the spherical center of the spherical bulge of the first row of the spherical bulge of the middle section of the air guide sleeve along the direction from the upper part to the lower part of the air guide sleeve and the projection line of the side surface of the upper part of the air guide sleeve is given as n, the unit mm,
wherein: d, diameter of spherical bulge, mm; g-gravity acceleration, m 2 S; h, the height of the middle section of the air guide sleeve, m; h, the depth of the gravity center of the guide cover from the water surface, m; v-total volume of the guide cover, m3; v-the navigational speed of the fairwater in water, m/s;
step S5: the distance between the center of the kth row of spherical protrusions of the middle section of the air guide sleeve along the head-to-tail direction and the projection of the center of the (k-1) row of spherical protrusions on the side is given as pk, the unit is mm,
wherein: d, diameter of spherical bulge, mm; c, chord length of the section line of the air guide sleeve, m; t-the maximum thickness of the section, m; g-gravity acceleration, m 2 S; t-the maximum thickness of the section, m; v-the navigational speed of the fairwater in water, m/s; a, a dimensionless constant, wherein the value is 1-10; h, the depth of the gravity center of the guide cover from the water surface, m;
step S6: the distance between the centers of two adjacent rows of spherical protrusions of the middle section of the air guide sleeve along the upper part to the lower part is j, the unit mm,
wherein: d, diameter of spherical bulge, mm; h, the height of the middle section of the air guide sleeve, m; c, chord length of the section line of the air guide sleeve, m; b * -a dimensionless constant, the value of which is t/c-3; n, the distance between the spherical centers of the spherical protrusions in the first row and the projection line of the side surface of the upper part of the air guide sleeve along the direction from the upper part to the lower part of the middle part of the air guide sleeve is mm;
step S7: positive in the clockwise direction, kthOn the cross section, the included angle between the first spherical bulge and the last spherical bulge and the projection line of the plane on the upper side of the bottom of the air guide sleeve is theta k0 Unit degree; n is uniformly distributed between the first spherical bulge and the last spherical bulge k Spherical protrusions, and the included angle between adjacent spherical protrusions is theta k ；
C, the chord length of the section line of the air guide sleeve, m; τ k The average shear stress of the kth cross section of the bottom of the air guide sleeve can be obtained by numerical simulation to obtain a numerical value pa; ρ -density of liquid, kg/m 3 ；
Wherein N is a dimensionless coefficient ranging from 1 to 10e Rk ；X k The kth cross-section is on the abscissa in the coordinate system shown in fig. 6; x is X 0 -the coordinate value of x when f (x) takes the maximum value; r is R k -kth cross-sectional profile line radius, m;
so that the number of the components in the product,
step S8: establishing a rectangular coordinate system, wherein the function of the middle ring contour line above the X axis is g (X), and the distance from the first row of spherical protrusions to the original point along the direction from the head to the tail is a 0 The distance from the kth column spherical protrusion to the (k-1) th column is b k The number of the spherical bulges in the kth column is M k ；
D, the diameter of a spherical bulge positioned in the middle ring of the upper cover is mm; c 0 -the chord length, m, of the middle ring contour line of the upper cover; t is t 0 Maximum thickness of middle ring contour line of upper coverDegree, m; v-the navigational speed of the fairwater in water, m/s; τ 0 -the average shear stress in the upper cover, pa; ρ -density of liquid, kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the u-dynamic viscosity coefficient of 25 ℃ water of 0.9 x 10 -6 m 2 /s；
Wherein: d, diameter of the spherical bulge in the upper cover, and mm; c0, the chord length of the middle ring contour line of the upper cover, m; c—dimensionless coefficient; g-gravity acceleration, m 2 S; t 0-the maximum thickness of the middle ring contour line of the upper cover, m; v-the navigational speed of the fairwater in water, m/s; h, the depth of the gravity center of the guide cover from the water surface, m; xk-1, a coordinate value of the k-1 column on the X axis; a is that Upper cover -total area of upper cover of air guide sleeve in overlooking direction, m 2 ；A Middle ring Area of middle ring region of upper cover of air guide sleeve, m 2 ；
Wherein: d, diameter of the spherical bulge in the middle ring of the upper cover, and mm; m is m * -a dimensionless coefficient, the value range is 1-3; x is X k -the kth column coordinates in the X-axis; w-is related to the thickness value of the inner ring of the upper cover on the kth column;
step S9: establishing a rectangular coordinate system, wherein the origin of the coordinate system is positioned at one half of the horizontal distance between the outer ring contour line and the middle ring contour line of the upper cover, namely y 0 At/2, the curve between the outer ring contour and the middle ring contour is known as y (x), the centers of the spherical protrusions are all on y (x), and the horizontal distance between the K-th row of spherical protrusions and the (K-1) row of spherical protrusions is known as l k The first column of spherical protrusions is at the origin;
wherein: d, diameter of the spherical bulge of the outer ring of the upper cover is mm; c 1 -the chord length, m, of the outer ring contour of the upper cover; z—dimensionless coefficient; g-gravity acceleration, m 2 /s；t 1 -the maximum thickness of the middle ring contour line of the upper cover, m; v-the navigational speed of the fairwater in water, m/s; h, the depth of the gravity center of the guide cover from the water surface, m; x is X k-1 -column k-1 is the coordinate value on the X axis; a is that Upper cover -total area of upper cover of air guide sleeve in overlooking direction, m 2 ；A Outer ring Area of middle ring region of upper cover of air guide sleeve, m 2 ；
Step S10: and carrying out numerical simulation verification on the noise reduction effect of the bionic air guide sleeve.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the flow field data includes the pressure, the speed and the average shear stress of the outer wall surface, and the finite element analysis is used to simulate the bionic flow guide cover and the acoustic simulation of the bionic flow guide cover under different frequencies.
In one embodiment of the invention, the middle section of the air guide sleeve is a straight cylinder stretching section, and the air guide sleeve bottom cabin is formed by rotating a section curve of the air guide sleeve middle section in the horizontal direction by half a circle around a central axis.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the center of the first column of the protrusions of the center of the middle section of the air guide sleeve along the head-to-tail direction is at the origin of coordinates, and the function expression of the horizontal section line of the middle section of the air guide sleeve is known as f (x), where f' (x) is the slope of a tangent at a certain point of the f (x).
In one embodiment of the present invention, the spherical protrusions of the pod bottom cabin are arranged in the following manner: dividing a plurality of cross sections on the guide cover along the direction from the head to the tail of the guide cover, wherein the distance between the kth cross section and the projection of the (k-1) th cross section on the side surface is pk, and the distance between the kth spherical convex spherical center of the guide cover in the direction from the head to the tail of the guide cover and the projection of the (k-1) th spherical convex spherical center of the guide cover on the side surface is the same as the distance pk; the spherical protrusions are uniformly circumferentially arranged on the cross-sectional line of the cross section, and the spherical centers are all on the cross-sectional line.
In one embodiment of the invention, the upper cover of the air guide sleeve is divided into an upper cover outer ring, a middle ring and an inner ring, the middle ring of the upper cover is higher than the outer ring, and the inner ring occupies a part of the area of the middle ring, so that the occupied part cannot be provided with spherical protrusions.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages: the invention provides a bionic structure design method for enabling a sonar air guide sleeve to have noise reduction performance, and the air guide sleeve with the bionic structure can be designed by the design method, so that interference of flow excitation noise on a sonar signal is reduced, and the accuracy of the signal is improved.
Drawings
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof that are illustrated in the appended drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bionic pod composition;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a horizontal cross-sectional line of a mid-section of the pod;
FIG. 3 is a aft view of the pod;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a bionic pod;
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a pod;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the horizontal cross-sectional line coordinates of the middle section of the pod;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional spherical bulge arrangement at the bottom of the pod;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the top cover area division;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the annular protrusion in the upper cover of the pod;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the spherical protrusions of the outer ring of the upper cover of the air guide sleeve.
As shown in the figure, 1, an upper cover, 2, a middle section, 3 and a bottom.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1 of the drawings,the embodiment provides a bionic design of a dome, and the specific parameters are as follows: the chord length c=2300 mm, the width t=760 mm, the speed v=20 nmile/h (i.e. 10.28 m/s) and the total volume v= 0.1819m 3 Working water depth h=5m. Surface area A of upper cover of air guide sleeve Upper cover ＝0.4117m 2 Surface area of the middle section A Middle section ＝0.8197m 2 Surface area of the bottom compartment A Bottom cabin ＝0.7434m 2 ，A Total (S) ＝1.9748m 2 The middle section length h=300 mm. Density of liquid ρ=1000 kg/m 3 Dynamic viscosity coefficient u=0.9×10 for 25 ℃ water -6 m 2 /s。
Step S1: keeping the shape and structure of the main body of the bionic flow guide cover unchanged, and carrying out flow field data numerical simulation on the bionic flow guide cover;
step S2: the bionic structure design is carried out on the outer surface of the bionic type air guide sleeve;
step S3: diameter d of spherical bulge, unit mm
Step S4: the distance n between the spherical centers of the spherical protrusions of the first row and the projection line of the side surface of the upper part of the air guide sleeve in unit mm along the direction from the upper part to the lower part of the middle section of the air guide sleeve
Step S5: referring to FIG. 2, the distance between the center of the (k-1) th row of spherical protrusions in the head-to-tail direction and the center of the (k-1) th row of spherical protrusions in the side projection is p k Sheet (S)The bits are mm. As shown in FIG. 6, a rectangular coordinate system is established, the center of the first row of protrusions is at the origin of coordinates, and the functional expression of the horizontal section line of the middle section of the air guide sleeve is known as f (x), and f' (x) is the slope of a tangent at a certain point of the f (x)
Step S6: the distance between the centers of two adjacent rows of spherical protrusions along the direction from the upper part to the lower part of the middle section of the air guide sleeve is j, and the unit mm
Step S7: the arrangement mode of the spherical bulges at the bottom of the air guide sleeve is as follows: dividing a plurality of cross sections on the guide cover along the direction from the head to the tail of the guide cover, wherein the distance between the kth cross section and the projection of the (k-1) th cross section on the side surface is p k The (k-1) th row of spherical convex center distances from the middle section of the air guide sleeve along the head-to-tail directionDistance p of projection of spherical center of spherical bulge on side k As shown in fig. 5; the spherical projections are circumferentially uniformly arranged on the cross-sectional line of the cross-section, with the centers of the spheres all on the cross-sectional line, as shown in fig. 7. On the kth cross section, the included angle between the first spherical bulge and the last spherical bulge and the plane projection line of the upper side of the bottom of the air guide sleeve is theta k0 Unit degree; n is uniformly distributed between the first spherical bulge and the last spherical bulge k Spherical protrusions, and the included angle between adjacent spherical protrusions is theta k The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the As can be seen from fig. 6 and 7, the radius r=f (x k )
Because the thickness of the air guide sleeve where the plane of the 18 th row is positioned is similar to the diameter of the spherical bulge, interference is easy to cause, so that the air guide sleeve is inconvenient to arrange;
step S8: the upper cover of the air guide sleeve is divided into an upper cover outer ring, a middle ring and an inner ring, wherein the middle ring of the upper cover is higher than the outer ring by a part, as shown in fig. 8, the inner ring occupies a part of the middle ring area, so that the occupied part cannot be provided with spherical protrusions. As shown in FIG. 9, a rectangular coordinate system is established, the function of the middle ring contour line above the X axis is g (X), and the distance from the first row of spherical protrusions to the origin in the head-to-tail direction is a 0 The distance from the kth column spherical protrusion to the (k-1) th column is b k The number of the spherical bulges in the kth column is M k ；
Step S9: as shown in FIG. 10, a rectangular coordinate system is established, the origin of which is located at half the horizontal distance between the outer ring contour line and the middle ring contour line of the upper cover, i.e., y 0 At/2, the curve between the outer ring contour and the middle ring contour is known as y (x), and the centers of the spherical protrusions are all on y (x). The horizontal distance between the spherical bulge of the Kth row and the spherical bulge of the (K-1) row is l k The first column of spherical protrusions is at the origin;
step S10: and the numerical simulation verification is carried out on the noise reduction effect of the bionic air guide sleeve, the air guide sleeve with the spherical bulge structure has obvious noise reduction effect for medium-high frequency noise, and the maximum sound pressure level value reduction range is 58-67 dB. When the pit type air guide sleeve is at 10000Hz, the maximum sound pressure level value is reduced by 1dB, the maximum sound pressure level value of other frequencies is not reduced, but the sound pressure levels at two sides of the pit type air guide sleeve cabin are distributed uniformly, and no area with higher sound pressure level value is formed.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations and modifications of the present invention will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The bionic air guide sleeve design method with the noise reduction function comprises an upper cover (1), a middle section (2) and a bottom cabin (3), wherein spherical protrusions are uniformly arranged on the surfaces of the upper cover (1), the middle section (2) and the bottom cabin (3) so as to achieve the effect of reducing the sound pressure intensity of surface flow noise of the air guide sleeve in the advancing process, and the design method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: keeping the shape and structure of the main body of the bionic flow guide cover unchanged, and carrying out flow field data numerical simulation on the bionic flow guide cover;
step S2: the bionic structure design is carried out on the outer surface of the bionic type air guide sleeve;
step S3: given the definition of the diameter d of the spherical protrusion,
wherein: u-dynamic viscosity coefficient of 25 ℃ water of 0.9 x 10 -6 m 2 S; ρ -density of liquid, kg/m 3 ；A Total (S) Total area of the shell of the air guide sleeve, m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the v-the navigational speed of the fairwater in water, m/s;a is the area of the plane or curved surface of the part where the spherical bulge is located, m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the V-total volume of the guide cover, m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the c, chord length of the section line of the air guide sleeve, m; t-the maximum thickness of the section, m; τ 0 -average shearing stress Pa of the outer wall surface of the guide cover where the spherical bulge is positioned; "e" is a natural base;
step S4: the distance between the spherical centers of the spherical protrusions of the first row of the middle section (2) of the guide cover along the upper to lower direction and the projection line of the side surface of the upper part of the guide cover is given as n, the unit mm,
wherein: d, diameter of spherical bulge, mm; g-gravity acceleration, m 2 S; h, the height of the middle section of the air guide sleeve, m; h, the depth of the gravity center of the guide cover from the water surface, m; v-total volume of the guide cover, m3; v-the navigational speed of the fairwater in water, m/s;
step S5: the distance between the center of the kth row of spherical protrusions of the middle section of the air guide sleeve along the head-to-tail direction and the projection of the center of the (k-1) row of spherical protrusions on the side is given as pk, the unit is mm,
wherein: d, diameter of spherical bulge, mm; c, chord length of the section line of the air guide sleeve, m; t-the maximum thickness of the section, m; g-gravity acceleration, m 2 S; t-the maximum thickness of the section, m; v-the navigational speed of the fairwater in water, m/s; a, a dimensionless constant, wherein the value is 1-10; h, the depth of the gravity center of the guide cover from the water surface, m; x is X k Is the abscissa value of the sphere center of the kth column of spherical bulge along the head-to-tail direction in the horizontal section line coordinate system of the middle section of the air guide sleeve;
step S6: the distance between the centers of two adjacent rows of spherical protrusions of the middle section (2) of the air guide sleeve along the upper part to the lower part is j, the unit mm,
wherein: d, diameter of spherical bulge, mm; h, the height of the middle section of the air guide sleeve, m; c, chord length of the section line of the air guide sleeve, m; b * -a dimensionless constant, the value of which is t/c-3; n, the distance between the spherical centers of the spherical protrusions in the first row and the projection line of the side surface of the upper part of the air guide sleeve along the direction from the upper part to the lower part of the middle part of the air guide sleeve is mm;
step S7: on the kth cross section, the included angle between the first spherical bulge and the last spherical bulge and the plane projection line of the upper side of the bottom of the air guide sleeve is theta k0 Unit degree; n is uniformly distributed between the first spherical bulge and the last spherical bulge k Spherical protrusions, and the included angle between adjacent spherical protrusions is theta k ；
C, the chord length of the section line of the air guide sleeve, m; τ k The average shear stress of the kth cross section of the bottom of the air guide sleeve can be obtained by numerical simulation to obtain a numerical value pa; ρ -density of liquid, kg/m 3 ；
Wherein N is a dimensionless coefficient ranging from 1 to 10e Rk ；X k The kth cross-section is on the abscissa in the coordinate system shown in fig. 6; x is X 0 -the coordinate value of x when f (x) takes the maximum value; r is R k -kth cross-sectional profile line radius, m;
so that the number of the components in the product,
step S8: establishing a rectangular coordinate system, wherein the middle ring contour line is arranged atThe function above the X axis is g (X), and the distance from the spherical protrusion of the first row to the origin is a along the direction from the head to the tail 0 The distance from the kth column spherical protrusion to the (k-1) th column is b k The number of the spherical bulges in the kth column is M k ；
D, the diameter of a spherical bulge positioned in the middle ring of the upper cover is mm; c 0 -the chord length, m, of the middle ring contour line of the upper cover; t is t 0 -the maximum thickness of the middle ring contour line of the upper cover, m; v-the navigational speed of the fairwater in water, m/s; τ 0 -the average shear stress in the upper cover, pa; ρ -density of liquid, kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the u-dynamic viscosity coefficient of 25 ℃ water of 0.9 x 10 -6 m 2 /s；
Wherein: d, diameter of the spherical bulge in the upper cover, and mm; c 0 -the chord length, m, of the middle ring contour line of the upper cover; c * -dimensionless coefficients; g-gravity acceleration, m 2 /s；t 0 -the maximum thickness of the middle ring contour line of the upper cover, m; v-the navigational speed of the fairwater in water, m/s; h, the depth of the gravity center of the guide cover from the water surface, m; x is X k-1 -column k-1 is the coordinate value on the X axis; a is that Upper cover -total area of upper cover of air guide sleeve in overlooking direction, m 2 ；A Middle ring Area of middle ring region of upper cover of air guide sleeve, m 2 ；
Wherein: d, diameter of the spherical bulge in the middle ring of the upper cover, and mm; m is m * -a dimensionless coefficient, the value range is 1-3; x is X k -the kth column coordinates in the X-axis; w-is related to the thickness value of the inner ring of the upper cover on the kth column; m is M k The number of the spherical bulges in the kth column;
step S9: establishing a rectangular coordinate system, wherein the origin of the coordinate system is positioned at one half of the horizontal distance between the outer ring contour line and the middle ring contour line of the upper cover, namely y 0 At/2, the curve between the outer ring contour and the middle ring contour is known as y (x), the centers of the spherical protrusions are all on y (x), and the horizontal distance between the K-th row of spherical protrusions and the (K-1) row of spherical protrusions is known as l k The first column of spherical protrusions is at the origin;
wherein: d, diameter of the spherical bulge of the outer ring of the upper cover is mm; c 1 -the chord length, m, of the outer ring contour of the upper cover; z—dimensionless coefficient; g-gravity acceleration, m 2 /s；t 1 -the maximum thickness of the middle ring contour line of the upper cover, m; v-the navigational speed of the fairwater in water, m/s; h, the depth of the gravity center of the guide cover from the water surface, m; x is X k-1 -column k-1 is the coordinate value on the X axis; a is that Upper cover -total area of upper cover of air guide sleeve in overlooking direction, m 2 ；A Outer ring Area of middle ring region of upper cover of air guide sleeve, m 2 ；
Step S10: and carrying out numerical simulation verification on the noise reduction effect of the bionic air guide sleeve.
2. The design method of the bionic air guide sleeve with the noise reduction function according to claim 1, wherein the design method is characterized in that: the flow field data comprise the pressure intensity, the speed and the wall surface average shear stress of the outer wall surface, and the bionic type air guide sleeve and the acoustic simulation of the bionic type air guide sleeve under different frequencies are carried out by utilizing finite element analysis.
3. The design method of the bionic air guide sleeve with the noise reduction function according to claim 1, wherein the design method is characterized in that: the air guide sleeve middle section (2) is a straight cylinder stretching section, and the air guide sleeve bottom cabin (3) is formed by rotating a section curve of the air guide sleeve middle section in the horizontal direction by half a circle around a central axis.
4. The design method of the bionic air guide sleeve with the noise reduction function according to claim 1, wherein the design method is characterized in that: the spherical center of the first column of spherical center bulge of the middle section of the air guide sleeve along the head-to-tail direction is at the origin of coordinates, and the functional expression of the horizontal section line of the middle section of the air guide sleeve is known as f (x), and f' (x) is the slope of a tangent line at a certain point of the functional expression.
5. The design method of the bionic air guide sleeve with the noise reduction function according to claim 1, wherein the design method is characterized in that: the spherical protrusions of the dome bottom cabin (3) are arranged in the following manner: dividing a plurality of cross sections on the guide cover along the direction from the head to the tail of the guide cover, wherein the distance between the kth cross section and the projection of the (k-1) th cross section on the side surface is p k Distance p between the center of the kth row of spherical protrusions along the head-to-tail direction and the center of the (k-1) row of spherical protrusions in side projection from the middle section of the air guide sleeve k The same; the spherical protrusions are uniformly circumferentially arranged on the cross-sectional line of the cross section, and the spherical centers are all on the cross-sectional line.
6. The method for designing a bionic air guide sleeve with noise reduction function according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the upper cover (1) of the air guide sleeve is divided into an upper cover outer ring, a middle ring and an inner ring, the middle ring of the upper cover is higher than the outer ring, and the inner ring occupies the area of a part of the middle ring, so that spherical protrusions cannot be arranged on the occupied part.
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