CN114193850B - Light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114193850B
CN114193850B CN202111390180.5A CN202111390180A CN114193850B CN 114193850 B CN114193850 B CN 114193850B CN 202111390180 A CN202111390180 A CN 202111390180A CN 114193850 B CN114193850 B CN 114193850B
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rubber
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CN114193850A (en
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王浩继
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Aerospace Science And Industry Wuhan Magnetism Electron Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/14—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising synthetic rubber copolymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/20—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising silicone rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/38—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising epoxy resins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/42—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres

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Abstract

The invention provides a light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials. The light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material sequentially comprises a carbon fiber layer, an M-shaped wave absorbing layer, an L-shaped wave absorbing layer, a quartz fiber layer and a low infrared emissivity layer from bottom to top, wherein a rubber layer is sandwiched between every two layers. The preparation method comprises the following steps: and respectively soaking carbon fiber and quartz fiber in a chlorinated rubber solution to obtain carbon fiber prepreg and quartz fiber prepreg, respectively soaking quartz fiber in an M-type wave-absorbing paint, an L-type wave-absorbing paint and a low-infrared emissivity paint to obtain the M-type wave-absorbing prepreg, the L-type wave-absorbing prepreg and the low-infrared emissivity prepreg, layering the prepregs according to a specific sequence, and adopting a mould pressing or bag pressing forming mode to obtain the target characteristic control composite material. The target characteristic control composite material has the characteristics of good flexibility, fatigue resistance and stealth performance.

Description

Light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, in particular to a light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The stealth is one of the main design characteristics of the aircraft, when the movable parts such as the control surface of the aircraft deflect, the control surface and the fixed parts such as the wing surface or the fuselage form gaps, the whole electromagnetic continuity of the fuselage is blocked, the stealth effect of the aircraft is greatly reduced, and the expected stealth design requirement cannot be met. In order to achieve the effect that the gap is completely shielded, when the control surface is in various deflection states, a material is required to be closely attached to the surface of the movable part, namely, the material has follow-up property, and meanwhile, the normal deflection of the control surface is not influenced. Therefore, a target characteristic control material shielding gap needs to be installed, so that electromagnetic continuity is ensured, and the requirement of stealth function is met.
The existing target characteristic control material mainly comprises the steps of manufacturing a shielding plate according to the connection mode, follow-up performance, strength requirements and the like of a control surface and a machine body, and then spraying conductive paint, wave-absorbing paint, low-infrared-emissivity paint and the like on the outer surface of the formed shielding plate according to stealth requirements. Although the method can meet the stealth performance requirement under the condition of not influencing the normal deflection of the control surface, the method has the risks of complex construction process, large weight and easy falling of the coating.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the material can be arranged on the outer surfaces of a machine body and a control surface, and can shield a gap between the machine body and the control surface, so that the electromagnetic continuity of the whole machine body is ensured, and the requirement of stealth function is met; and the preparation method is simple and easy to implement, and the obtained target characteristic control composite material has the characteristics of good flexibility, fatigue resistance and stealth performance.
According to the technical scheme, the light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material is sequentially provided with a carbon fiber layer, a wave absorbing layer, a quartz fiber layer and a low infrared emissivity layer from bottom to top, and a rubber layer is arranged between every two layers of the composite material, wherein the carbon fiber layer plays a role in shielding radar waves, the wave absorbing layer plays a role in absorbing radar waves, the quartz fiber layer plays an impedance matching role, the low infrared emissivity layer plays a role in reducing infrared emissivity, and the rubber layer plays a role in increasing elasticity and large deformation capacity of a structure.
Further, the wave-absorbing layer comprises an M-shaped wave-absorbing layer and an L-shaped wave-absorbing layer; when the frequency of the M-shaped wave absorbing layer is 2 GHz, the dielectric constant is 50-60, the dielectric loss is 2-4, the magnetic permeability is 2.6-3.0, and the magnetic loss rate is 1.0-1.5; when the frequency of the L-shaped wave absorbing layer is 2 GHz, the dielectric constant is 5-10, the dielectric loss is 0.3-0.6, the magnetic permeability is 2.0-2.5, and the magnetic loss rate is 0.5-1.0.
Further, the functional filler used in the low-infrared emission layer is one or more of aluminum powder, copper powder, iron powder, nickel powder or zinc powder.
Further, the matrix used for the wave absorbing layer and the low infrared emissivity layer is one or more of polyurethane modified epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, polyurea resin, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, silicon rubber or chlorinated rubber.
Further, the carbon fiber layer and the quartz fiber layer both use rubber as a matrix, and the matrix is one or more of chlorinated rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, hydrogenated butyl cyanide rubber, silicon rubber or polyurethane rubber.
Further, the rubber layer is one or more of chlorinated rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, hydrogenated butyl cyanide rubber, silicon rubber or polyurethane rubber.
Further, the dielectric constant of the quartz fiber layer is 2.5-3.5, and the dielectric loss is 0.02-0.04.
Further, the total thickness of the target characteristic control composite material is 2 mm-6 mm; the thickness of the carbon fiber layer is 0.4 mm-0.6 mm, the thickness of the wave absorbing layer is 0.8 mm-1.6 mm, the thickness of the quartz fiber layer is 0.2 mm-0.6 mm, the thickness of the rubber layer is 0.2 mm-0.6 mm, and the thickness of the low infrared emissivity layer is 0.1 mm-0.2 mm.
Further, the wave-absorbing layer comprises an M-shaped wave-absorbing layer and an L-shaped wave-absorbing layer; the thickness of the M-shaped wave-absorbing layer is 0.4-0.8 mm, and the thickness of the L-shaped wave-absorbing layer is 0.4-0.8 mm.
The invention also relates to a preparation method of the light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material, which comprises the following specific steps:
S1, respectively soaking carbon fiber and quartz fiber in a rubber solution to obtain carbon fiber prepreg and quartz fiber prepreg;
s2, soaking quartz fibers in the wave-absorbing paint to obtain wave-absorbing prepreg;
s3, soaking quartz fibers in the low-infrared-emissivity coating to obtain low-infrared-emissivity prepreg;
s4, preparing a rubber green sheet material from the rubber material by adopting a mixing and calendaring process;
And S5, sequentially layering the carbon fiber prepreg, the quartz fiber prepreg, the wave-absorbing prepreg, the low-infrared-emissivity prepreg and the rubber green sheet, and then performing compression molding or bag compression curing molding to obtain the light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material.
And further, respectively preparing M-type wave-absorbing paint and L-type wave-absorbing paint in S2, wherein the wave-absorbing parameters of the M-type wave-absorbing paint and the L-type wave-absorbing paint are different, and then soaking quartz fibers in the M-type wave-absorbing paint and the L-type wave-absorbing paint to respectively obtain M-type wave-absorbing prepreg and L-type wave-absorbing prepreg.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. Compared with the shielding material for the prior fuselage and control surface, the target characteristic control composite material is characterized in that wave-absorbing coating, conductive coating and low infrared emissivity coating are compounded with fiber to prepare prepreg, then the prepreg, quartz fiber prepreg and rubber green sheet are layered according to a specific sequence and molded or bag-pressed and cured to form the target characteristic control composite material with good shielding performance, wave-absorbing performance and infrared emissivity.
2. Compared with the existing glass fiber reinforced plastic structure wave absorbing material, the target characteristic control composite material carbon fiber layer, quartz fiber layer, wave absorbing layer and low infrared emissivity layer all use flexible rubber as a matrix, and meanwhile, a flexible rubber layer is sandwiched between every two layers, so that the target characteristic control composite material has the characteristics of good flexibility, fatigue resistance and rebound resilience.
3. Compared with the existing glass fiber reinforced plastic structure wave-absorbing material, the target characteristic control composite material has the characteristics of good flexibility, fatigue resistance and rebound resilience, and also has the characteristics of low shielding performance, radar wave-absorbing performance and infrared emissivity.
4. Compared with the existing glass fiber reinforced plastic structure wave-absorbing material, the target characteristic control composite material has better impedance matching property and wider wave-absorbing frequency band through the multi-layer structure design of the quartz fiber layer, the M-shaped wave-absorbing layer and the L-shaped wave-absorbing layer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a light flexible bending-resistant target feature control composite material according to example 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a light flexible bending-resistant target feature control composite material according to example 2.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a light flexible bending-resistant target feature control composite material according to example 3.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a light flexible bending-resistant target feature control composite material of comparative example 2.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a light flexible bending-resistant target feature control composite material of comparative example 3.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
1) Target feature control composite structural design
The total thickness of the target characteristic control composite material is designed to be 3.7mm according to the performance requirement required by the target characteristic control composite material, wherein the thickness of the carbon fiber layer is 0.4mm, the thickness of the rubber layer is 0.3mm, the thickness of the M-type wave absorbing layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the L-type wave absorbing layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the quartz fiber layer is 0.4mm, and the thickness of the low infrared emissivity layer is 0.1mm.
The carbon fiber layer, the M-shaped wave absorbing layer, the L-shaped wave absorbing layer and the quartz fiber layer are all 2 layers, a rubber layer is sandwiched between every two layers, 4 layers are provided in total, and the low infrared emission layer is 1 layer.
2) Preparation of the impregnating solution
According to design requirements, preparing chlorinated rubber impregnating solution from chlorinated rubber with the mass ratio of 10-20mPas, long-oil alkyd resin, dimethylbenzene and No. 200 solvent gasoline being 2.5:1.5:2:4. And adding 80% of MZ-I type absorbent (Wuhan magnetoelectric company of astronaut) by mass fraction into the dipping solution to obtain the L-type wave-absorbing coating. 83% of MZ-II type absorbent of the mass fraction of the impregnating solution is added into the impregnating solution to obtain the M type wave-absorbing coating. And adding ZLG8120 aluminum powder (Zhangqiu city metal pigment Co., ltd.) into the impregnating solution to obtain the low infrared emissivity coating.
3) Preparation of prepregs
According to design requirements, immersing carbon fibers in a chlorinated rubber solution to prepare a carbon fiber prepreg sheet for later use; soaking quartz fibers in a chlorinated rubber solution to prepare a quartz fiber prepreg sheet for standby; soaking quartz fibers in M-type wave-absorbing paint to prepare an M-type wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; soaking quartz fibers in the L-shaped wave-absorbing paint to prepare an L-shaped wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; and (3) immersing the quartz fiber in the low-infrared-emissivity coating to prepare a low-infrared-emissivity prepreg sheet for standby.
4) Preparation of rubber Green sheet
The hydrogenated butyl cyanide rubber is prepared into hydrogenated butyl cyanide rubber green sheets for standby by adopting a mixing and calendaring process. Since the rubber substrate has a smooth surface and few active functional groups, it is necessary to coat a surface treatment agent on the adhesive surface of the rubber green sheet in order to improve the adhesion between the rubber layer and other layers.
5) Target feature controlled composite preparation
According to design requirements, layering the needed prepreg and the needed rubber green sheet according to the structure shown in fig. 1, performing compression molding, curing and forming after layering, wherein the compression molding pressure is 2.0-3.0 MPa, the compression molding temperature is 60 ℃ multiplied by 2h+120 ℃ multiplied by 2h, and cutting the plate obtained by compression molding according to the needed size, so that the needed flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material is obtained.
The infrared emissivity of the target characteristic control composite material is 3-5 mu m and 8-14 mu m is less than or equal to 0.3, and the infrared emissivity is tested according to GJB 5892-2006 'infrared emissivity test method'; s, C, X and Ku wave band traveling wave attenuation rate is more than or equal to 95%, and the traveling wave attenuation rate is according to the second part of the stealth material electrical property test method of the standard Q/AVIC 06048.2: testing the surface wave attenuation test method; the surface density is less than or equal to 6.0kg/M 2, the surface density is firstly weighed by a balance to obtain the mass M of the composite material, then the area of the composite material is calculated, finally the surface density of the composite material is calculated according to M/S, the unit is kg/M 2, the deflection is 5000 times within the range of +/-45 degrees, the phenomena of cracking, peeling, falling off and the like are avoided, and the deflection test is tested by referring to GB238-2002 metal material and wire repeated bending test method.
Example 2
1) Target feature control composite structural design
According to the required performance requirement of the target characteristic control composite material, the total thickness of the target characteristic control composite material is designed to be 4.0mm, the thickness of the rubber sheet layer in a specific structure is 0.3mm, the thickness of the carbon fiber layer is 0.4mm, the thickness of the M-shaped wave-absorbing layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the quartz fiber layer is 0.5mm, and the thickness of the low-infrared emission layer is 0.1mm.
The carbon fiber layer, the M-shaped wave absorbing layer, the L-shaped wave absorbing layer and the quartz fiber layer are all 2 layers, a rubber fiber layer is sandwiched between every two layers, 5 layers are provided in total, and the low infrared emissivity layer is 1 layer.
2) Preparation of the impregnating solution
According to design requirements, preparing the silicone rubber impregnating solution by using hydroxy polydimethylsiloxane, an organic amine catalyst and dimethylbenzene according to the mass ratio of 4:0.5:5.5. 83% of MZ-I type absorbent (Wuhan magnetoelectric company of astronaut) by mass fraction is added into the dipping solution to obtain the M type wave-absorbing coating material. 85% by mass of MZ-II type absorbent (WUHan and Magnetitum, inc. of astronaut) was added to the above impregnating solution to obtain an L-type wave-absorbing coating. Adding ZLG8120 aluminum powder (Zhangqiu city metal pigment Co., ltd.) into the soaking solution to obtain low infrared emissivity coating
3) Preparation of prepregs
According to design requirements, carbon fibers are soaked in a silicon rubber solution to prepare a carbon fiber prepreg sheet for standby; soaking quartz fibers in a silicone rubber solution to prepare a quartz fiber prepreg sheet for standby; soaking quartz fibers in M-type wave-absorbing paint to prepare an M-type wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; soaking quartz fibers in the L-shaped wave-absorbing paint to prepare an L-shaped wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; and (3) immersing the quartz fiber in the low-infrared-emissivity coating to prepare a low-infrared-emissivity prepreg sheet for standby.
4) Preparation of rubber Green sheet
The organic silicon rubber is prepared into organic silicon rubber green sheets for standby by adopting a mixing and calendaring process, and the surface treatment agent is coated on the bonding surface of the rubber green sheets.
5) Target feature controlled composite preparation
According to design requirements, layering the needed prepreg and the needed rubber green sheet according to the structure shown in fig. 1, performing compression molding, curing and forming after layering, wherein the compression molding pressure is 2.0-3.0 MPa, the compression molding temperature is 60 ℃ multiplied by 2h+120 ℃ multiplied by 4h+160 ℃ multiplied by h, and cutting the plate obtained by compression molding according to the needed size, so that the needed flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material is obtained.
The infrared emissivity of the target characteristic control composite material is 3-5 mu m and 8-14 mu m is less than or equal to 0.3, and the infrared emissivity is tested according to GJB 5892-2006 'infrared emissivity test method'; the forward wave attenuation rate of L, S, C, X, ku wave band is more than or equal to 95%, and the forward wave attenuation rate is according to the second part of the stealth material electrical property test method of standard Q/AVIC 06048.2: testing the surface wave attenuation test method; the surface density is less than or equal to 7.0kg/M 2, the surface density is firstly weighed by a balance to obtain the mass M of the composite material, then the area of the composite material is calculated, finally the surface density of the composite material is calculated according to M/S, the unit is kg/M 2, the deflection is 5000 times within the range of minus 55 ℃ without cracking, peeling, falling off and other phenomena, and the deflection test is tested by referring to GB238-2002 metal material and wire repeated bending test method.
Example 3
1) Target feature control composite structural design
The total thickness of the target characteristic control composite material is designed to be 1.7mm according to the performance requirements required by the target characteristic control composite material, wherein the thickness of the carbon fiber layer is 0.4mm, the thickness of the rubber sheet layer is 0.3mm, the thickness of the M-type wave absorbing layer is 0.4mm, the thickness of the quartz fiber layer is 0.2mm, and the thickness of the low infrared emissivity layer is 0.1mm.
Wherein the carbon fiber layer is 2 layers, the M-shaped wave absorbing layer, the quartz fiber layer and the low infrared emissivity layer are 1 layer, a rubber layer is sandwiched between every two layers, and the total number of the rubber layers is 2, and the structure is 7 layers in total.
2) Preparation of the impregnating solution
According to the design requirement, polyester polyol, dimethylbenzene and a curing agent HDI trimer are prepared into polyurethane adhesive dipping solution according to the mass ratio of 3:5:2. 83% by mass of MZ-II type absorbent (WUHan and Magnetitum, inc. of astronaut) was added to the above impregnating solution to obtain M type wave-absorbing paint. And adding ZLG8120 aluminum powder (Zhangqiu city metal pigment Co., ltd.) into the impregnating solution to obtain the low infrared emissivity coating.
3) Preparation of prepregs
According to design requirements, carbon fibers are soaked in polyurethane glue solution to prepare carbon fiber prepreg sheets for standby; soaking quartz fibers in polyurethane gel solution to prepare a quartz fiber prepreg sheet for standby; soaking quartz fibers in M-type wave-absorbing paint to prepare an M-type wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; and (3) immersing the quartz fiber in the low-infrared-emissivity coating to prepare a low-infrared-emissivity prepreg sheet for standby.
4) Preparation of rubber Green sheet
The hydrogenated butyl cyanide rubber is prepared into hydrogenated butyl cyanide rubber green sheets for standby by adopting a mixing and calendaring process, and the surface treatment agent is coated on the bonding surface of the rubber green sheets.
5) Target feature controlled composite preparation
According to design requirements, layering the needed prepreg and the needed rubber green sheet according to the structure shown in fig. 3, performing compression molding, curing and forming after layering, wherein the compression molding pressure is 2.0-3.0 MPa, the compression molding temperature is 60 ℃ multiplied by 2h+120 ℃ multiplied by 2h, and cutting the plate obtained by compression molding according to the needed size, so that the needed flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material is obtained.
The target characteristic controls the infrared emissivity of the composite material to be less than or equal to 0.3 at 3-5 mu m and 8-14 mu m, and the infrared emissivity is tested according to GJB 5892-2006 'infrared emissivity test method'; C. the forward wave attenuation rate of X, ku wave band is more than or equal to 95%, and the forward wave attenuation rate is according to the second part of the stealth material electrical property test method of standard Q/AVIC 06048.2: testing the surface wave attenuation test method; the surface density is less than or equal to 4.0kg/M 2, the surface density is firstly weighed by a balance to obtain the mass M of the composite material, then the area of the composite material is calculated, and finally the surface density of the composite material is calculated according to M/S, wherein the unit is kg/M 2; deflection within the range of +/-45 degrees is 5000 times without cracking, peeling, falling and other phenomena, and the deflection test is tested by referring to GB238-2002 'repeated bending test method for metal materials and wires'.
The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and descriptive of the present invention, and many other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Comparative example 1
1) Target feature control composite structural design
The total thickness of the target characteristic control composite material is designed to be 3.7mm according to the performance requirement required by the target characteristic control composite material, wherein the thickness of the carbon fiber layer is 0.4mm, the thickness of the rubber layer is 0.3mm, the thickness of the M-type wave absorbing layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the L-type wave absorbing layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the quartz fiber layer is 0.4mm, and the thickness of the low infrared emissivity layer is 0.1mm.
The carbon fiber layer, the M-shaped wave absorbing layer, the L-shaped wave absorbing layer and the quartz fiber layer are all 2 layers, a rubber layer is sandwiched between every two layers, 4 layers are provided in total, and the low infrared emission layer is 1 layer.
2) Preparation of the impregnating solution
According to design requirements, preparing the epoxy resin impregnating solution from the epoxy resin E-44, the dimethylbenzene and the amine curing agent according to the mass ratio of 4:5:1. And adding 80% of MZ-I type absorbent (Wuhan magnetoelectric company of astronaut) by mass fraction into the dipping solution to obtain the L-type wave-absorbing coating. 83% by mass of MZ-II type absorbent (WUHan and Magnetitum, inc. of astronaut) was added to the above impregnating solution to obtain M type wave-absorbing paint. Adding ZLG8120 aluminum powder (Zhangqiu city metal pigment Co., ltd.) into the soaking solution to obtain low infrared emissivity coating
3) Preparation of prepregs
According to design requirements, carbon fibers are soaked in epoxy resin soaking solution to prepare carbon fiber prepreg sheets for standby; soaking quartz fibers in a chlorinated rubber solution to prepare a quartz fiber prepreg sheet for standby; soaking quartz fibers in M-type wave-absorbing paint to prepare an M-type wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; soaking quartz fibers in the L-shaped wave-absorbing paint to prepare an L-shaped wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; and (3) immersing the quartz fiber in the low-infrared-emissivity coating to prepare a low-infrared-emissivity prepreg sheet for standby.
4) Preparation of rubber Green sheet
The hydrogenated butyl cyanide rubber is prepared into hydrogenated butyl cyanide rubber green sheets for standby by adopting a mixing and calendaring process.
5) Target feature controlled composite preparation
According to design requirements, layering the needed prepreg and the needed rubber green sheet according to the structure shown in fig. 1, performing compression molding, curing and forming after layering, wherein the compression molding pressure is 2.0-3.0 MPa, the compression molding temperature is 60 ℃ multiplied by 2h+120 ℃ multiplied by 2h, and cutting the plate obtained by compression molding according to the needed size to obtain the needed target characteristic control composite material.
The infrared emissivity of the target characteristic control composite material is 3-5 mu m and 8-14 mu m is less than or equal to 0.3, and the infrared emissivity is tested according to GJB 5892-2006 'infrared emissivity test method'; s, C, X and Ku wave band traveling wave attenuation rate is more than or equal to 95%, and the traveling wave attenuation rate is according to the second part of the stealth material electrical property test method of the standard Q/AVIC 06048.2: testing the surface wave attenuation test method; the surface density is less than or equal to 6.0kg/M 2, the surface density is firstly weighed by a balance to obtain the mass M of the composite material, then the area of the composite material is calculated, finally the surface density of the composite material is calculated according to M/S, the unit is kg/M 2, the deflection test is carried out by referring to GB238-2002 metal material and wire repeated bending test method when phenomena such as cracking, stripping and falling occur within the range of +/-45 degrees for 100 times.
Comparative example 2
1) Target feature control composite structural design
According to the performance requirements required by the target characteristic control composite material, the total thickness of the target characteristic control composite material is designed to be 2.6mm, the thickness of the carbon fiber layer is 0.4mm, the thickness of the M-type wave-absorbing layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the L-type wave-absorbing layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the quartz fiber layer is 0.5mm, and the thickness of the low infrared emission layer is 0.1mm.
Wherein the carbon fiber layer, the M-shaped wave-absorbing layer, the L-shaped wave-absorbing layer and the quartz fiber layer are all 2 layers, the low infrared emissivity layer is 1 layer, and the structure is 9 layers in total.
2) Preparation of the impregnating solution
According to design requirements, preparing the silicone rubber impregnating solution by using hydroxy polydimethylsiloxane, an organic amine catalyst and dimethylbenzene according to the mass ratio of 4:0.5:5.5. 83% of MZ-I type absorbent (Wuhan magnetoelectric company of astronaut) by mass fraction is added into the dipping solution to obtain the M type wave-absorbing coating material. 85% by mass of MZ-II type absorbent (WUHan and Magnetitum, inc. of astronaut) was added to the above impregnating solution to obtain an L-type wave-absorbing coating. Adding ZLG8120 aluminum powder (Zhangqiu city metal pigment Co., ltd.) into the soaking solution to obtain low infrared emissivity coating
3) Preparation of prepregs
According to design requirements, carbon fibers are soaked in a silicon rubber solution to prepare a carbon fiber prepreg sheet for standby; soaking quartz fibers in a silicone rubber solution to prepare a quartz fiber prepreg sheet for standby; soaking quartz fibers in M-type wave-absorbing paint to prepare an M-type wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; soaking quartz fibers in the L-shaped wave-absorbing paint to prepare an L-shaped wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; and (3) immersing the quartz fiber in the low-infrared-emissivity coating to prepare a low-infrared-emissivity prepreg sheet for standby.
4) Target feature controlled composite preparation
According to design requirements, layering the needed prepreg and the needed rubber green sheet according to the structure shown in fig. 4, performing compression molding, curing and forming after layering, wherein the compression molding pressure is 2.0-3.0 MPa, the compression molding temperature is 60 ℃ multiplied by 2h+120 ℃ multiplied by 4h+160 ℃ multiplied by h, and cutting the plate obtained by compression molding according to the needed size, so that the needed bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material is obtained.
The infrared emissivity of the target characteristic control composite material is 3-5 mu m and 8-14 mu m is less than or equal to 0.3, and the infrared emissivity is tested according to GJB 5892-2006 'infrared emissivity test method'; C. the forward wave attenuation rate of X, ku wave band is more than or equal to 95%, and the forward wave attenuation rate is according to the second part of the stealth material electrical property test method of standard Q/AVIC 06048.2: testing the surface wave attenuation test method; the surface density is less than or equal to 4.0kg/M 2, the surface density is firstly weighed by a balance to obtain the mass M of the composite material, then the area of the composite material is calculated, finally the surface density of the composite material is calculated according to M/S, the unit is kg/M 2, the phenomena of cracking, peeling, falling off and the like occur when deflection occurs within the range of +/-45 degrees, and the deflection test is tested by referring to GB238-2002 metal material and wire repeated bending test method.
Comparative example 3
1) Target feature control composite structural design
The total thickness of the target characteristic control composite material is designed to be 3.7mm according to the performance requirement required by the target characteristic control composite material, wherein the thickness of the carbon fiber layer is 0.4mm, the thickness of the rubber layer is 0.3mm, the thickness of the M-type wave absorbing layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the L-type wave absorbing layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the quartz fiber layer is 0.4mm, and the thickness of the low infrared emissivity layer is 0.1mm.
The carbon fiber layer, the M-shaped wave absorbing layer, the L-shaped wave absorbing layer and the quartz fiber layer are all 2 layers, a rubber layer is sandwiched between every two layers, 4 layers are provided in total, and the low infrared emission layer is 1 layer.
2) Preparation of the impregnating solution
According to design requirements, preparing chlorinated rubber impregnating solution from chlorinated rubber with the mass ratio of 10-20mPas, long-oil alkyd resin, dimethylbenzene and No. 200 solvent gasoline being 2.5:1.5:2:4. And adding 80% of MZ-I type absorbent (Wuhan magnetoelectric company of astronaut) by mass fraction into the dipping solution to obtain the L-type wave-absorbing coating. 83% by mass of MZ-II type absorbent (WUHan and Magnetitum, inc. of astronaut) was added to the above impregnating solution to obtain M type wave-absorbing paint. Adding ZLG8120 aluminum powder (Zhangqiu city metal pigment Co., ltd.) into the soaking solution to obtain low infrared emissivity coating
3) Preparation of prepregs
According to design requirements, immersing carbon fibers in a chlorinated rubber solution to prepare a carbon fiber prepreg sheet for later use; soaking quartz fibers in a chlorinated rubber solution to prepare a quartz fiber prepreg sheet for standby; soaking quartz fibers in M-type wave-absorbing paint to prepare an M-type wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; soaking quartz fibers in the L-shaped wave-absorbing paint to prepare an L-shaped wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; and (3) immersing the quartz fiber in the low-infrared-emissivity coating to prepare a low-infrared-emissivity prepreg sheet for standby.
4) Preparation of rubber Green sheet
The hydrogenated butyl cyanide rubber is prepared into hydrogenated butyl cyanide rubber green sheets for standby by adopting a mixing and calendaring process.
5) Target feature controlled composite preparation
According to design requirements, layering the needed prepreg and the needed rubber green sheet according to the structure shown in fig. 5, performing compression molding, curing and forming after layering, wherein the compression molding pressure is 2.0-3.0 MPa, the compression molding temperature is 60 ℃ multiplied by 2h+120 ℃ multiplied by 2h, and cutting the plate obtained by compression molding according to the needed size, so that the needed flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material is obtained.
The target characteristic control composite material has no infrared stealth function, and the infrared emissivity is tested according to GJB 5892-2006 'infrared emissivity test method'; s, C, X and Ku wave band traveling wave attenuation performance is poor, and the traveling wave attenuation rate is the second part of the stealth material electrical property test method according to the standard Q/AVIC 06048.2: testing the surface wave attenuation test method; the surface density is less than or equal to 6.0kg/M 2, the surface density is firstly weighed by a balance to obtain the mass M of the composite material, then the area of the composite material is calculated, finally the surface density of the composite material is calculated according to M/S, the unit is kg/M 2, the deflection is 5000 times within the range of +/-45 degrees, the phenomena of cracking, peeling, falling off and the like do not occur, and the deflection test is tested by referring to the metal material and wire repeated bending test method of GB 238-2002.

Claims (3)

1. A light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material is characterized in that: a carbon fiber layer, a wave absorbing layer, a quartz fiber layer and a low infrared emissivity layer are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and a rubber layer is sandwiched between every two layers of the composite material;
The preparation method comprises the following specific preparation steps: the carbon fiber layer and the quartz fiber layer are made of rubber as a matrix, and the matrix is one or more of chlorinated rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, hydrogenated butyl cyanide rubber, silicon rubber and polyurethane rubber; the rubber layer is one or more of chlorinated rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, hydrogenated butyl cyanide rubber, silicon rubber and polyurethane rubber; the wave-absorbing layer comprises an M-shaped wave-absorbing layer and an L-shaped wave-absorbing layer; when the frequency of the M-shaped wave absorbing layer is 2 GHz, the dielectric constant is 50-60, the dielectric loss is 2-4, the magnetic permeability is 2.6-3.0, and the magnetic loss rate is 1.0-1.5; when the frequency of the L-shaped wave absorbing layer is 2 GHz, the dielectric constant is 5-10, the dielectric loss is 0.3-0.6, the magnetic permeability is 2.0-2.5, and the magnetic loss rate is 0.5-1.0; the total thickness of the target characteristic control composite material is 2 mm-6 mm; the thickness of the carbon fiber layer is 0.4-0.6 mm, the thickness of the wave absorbing layer is 0.8-1.6 mm, the thickness of the quartz fiber layer is 0.2-0.6 mm, the thickness of the low infrared emissivity layer is 0.1-0.2 mm, and the thickness of the rubber layer is 0.2-0.6 mm; the wave-absorbing layer comprises an M-shaped wave-absorbing layer and an L-shaped wave-absorbing layer; the thickness of the M-shaped wave absorbing layer is 0.4 mm-0.8 mm, and the thickness of the L-shaped wave absorbing layer is 0.4 mm-0.8 mm
S1, respectively soaking carbon fiber and quartz fiber in a rubber solution to obtain carbon fiber prepreg and quartz fiber prepreg;
S2, soaking quartz fibers in the wave-absorbing paint to obtain wave-absorbing prepreg; specifically, respectively preparing M-type wave-absorbing paint and L-type wave-absorbing paint, wherein wave-absorbing parameters of the M-type wave-absorbing paint and the L-type wave-absorbing paint are different, and then soaking quartz fibers in the M-type wave-absorbing paint and the L-type wave-absorbing paint to respectively obtain M-type wave-absorbing prepreg and L-type wave-absorbing prepreg;
s3, soaking quartz fibers in the low-infrared-emissivity coating to obtain low-infrared-emissivity prepreg;
s4, preparing a rubber raw sheet material from a rubber material by adopting a mixing and calendaring process, and coating a surface treatment agent on an adhesive surface during preparation of the rubber raw sheet;
And S5, sequentially layering the carbon fiber prepreg, the quartz fiber prepreg, the wave-absorbing prepreg, the low-infrared-emissivity prepreg and the rubber green sheet, and then performing compression molding or bag compression curing molding to obtain the light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material.
2. The lightweight flexible kink-resistant target feature control composite of claim 1, wherein: the substrate used by the wave absorbing layer and the low infrared emissivity layer is one or more of polyurethane modified epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, polyurea resin, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, silicon rubber and chlorinated rubber.
3. The lightweight flexible kink-resistant target feature control composite of claim 1, wherein: the dielectric constant of the quartz fiber layer is 2.5-3.5, and the dielectric loss is 0.02-0.04.
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