CN114193850A - Light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114193850A
CN114193850A CN202111390180.5A CN202111390180A CN114193850A CN 114193850 A CN114193850 A CN 114193850A CN 202111390180 A CN202111390180 A CN 202111390180A CN 114193850 A CN114193850 A CN 114193850A
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absorbing
rubber
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prepreg
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CN114193850B (en
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王浩继
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Aerospace Science And Industry Wuhan Magnetism Electron Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/14—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising synthetic rubber copolymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/20—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising silicone rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/38—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising epoxy resins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/42—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres

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Abstract

The invention provides a light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials. The light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material sequentially comprises a carbon fiber layer, an M-shaped wave absorbing layer, an L-shaped wave absorbing layer, a quartz fiber layer and a low infrared emissivity layer from bottom to top, and a rubber layer is sandwiched between every two layers. The preparation method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of respectively dipping carbon fibers and quartz fibers in chlorinated rubber solution to obtain carbon fiber prepreg and quartz fiber prepreg, dipping the quartz fibers in M-type wave-absorbing coating, L-type wave-absorbing coating and low-infrared-emissivity coating to respectively obtain M-type wave-absorbing prepreg, L-type wave-absorbing prepreg and low-infrared-emissivity prepreg, laying the prepregs in a specific sequence, and then adopting a mould pressing or bag pressing forming mode to obtain the target characteristic control composite material. The target characteristic control composite material has the characteristics of good flexibility, fatigue resistance and stealth performance.

Description

Light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, in particular to a light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Stealth is one of the main design characteristics of an aircraft, when movable parts such as an aircraft control surface deflect, the control surface and fixed parts such as a wing surface or an aircraft body form a gap, the electromagnetic continuity of the whole aircraft body is blocked, the stealth effect of the aircraft is greatly reduced, and the expected stealth design requirement cannot be met. In order to achieve the effect that the gap is completely shielded, when the control surface is in various deflection states, a material is required to be tightly attached to the surface of the movable part, namely, the material has following performance, and meanwhile, the normal deflection of the control surface is not influenced. Therefore, a target feature control material is required to be installed to shield the gap, so that the electromagnetic continuity is ensured, and the requirement of the stealth function is met.
The existing target characteristic control material is mainly used for manufacturing a shielding plate according to the connection mode of a control surface and a machine body, the follow-up property, the strength requirement and the like, and then according to the stealth requirement, spraying a conductive coating, a wave-absorbing coating, a low infrared emissivity coating and the like on the outer surface of the formed shielding plate. Although the method can meet the requirement of stealth performance under the condition of not influencing the normal deflection of the control surface, the method has the risks of complex construction process, heavy weight and easy falling of a coating.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the material can be arranged on the outer surfaces of a machine body and a control surface to shield a gap between the machine body and the control surface, so that the integral electromagnetic continuity of the machine body is ensured, and the requirement of a stealth function is met; the preparation method is simple and easy to implement, and the obtained target characteristic control composite material has the characteristics of good flexibility, fatigue resistance and stealth performance.
The technical scheme includes that the light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material is sequentially provided with a carbon fiber layer, a wave absorbing layer, a quartz fiber layer and a low infrared emissivity layer from bottom to top, and a rubber layer is sandwiched between every two layers of the composite material, wherein the carbon fiber layer plays a role in shielding radar waves, the wave absorbing layer plays a role in absorbing radar waves, the quartz fiber layer plays a role in impedance matching, the low infrared emission layer plays a role in reducing infrared emissivity, and the rubber layer plays a role in increasing the elasticity and the large deformation capacity of the structure.
Further, the wave absorbing layer comprises an M-type wave absorbing layer and an L-type wave absorbing layer; when the frequency of the M-type wave-absorbing layer is 2 GHz, the dielectric constant is 50-60, the dielectric loss is 2-4, the magnetic conductivity is 2.6-3.0, and the magnetic loss rate is 1.0-1.5; when the frequency of the L-shaped wave-absorbing layer is 2 GHz, the dielectric constant is 5-10, the dielectric loss is 0.3-0.6, the magnetic conductivity is 2.0-2.5, and the magnetic loss rate is 0.5-1.0.
Furthermore, the functional filler used in the low infrared emission layer is one or more of aluminum powder, copper powder, iron powder, nickel powder or zinc powder.
Further, the wave absorbing layer and the low infrared emissivity layer are made of one or more of polyurethane modified epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, polyurea resin, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, silicon rubber or chlorinated rubber.
Further, the carbon fiber layer and the quartz fiber layer both use rubber as a matrix, and the matrix is one or more of chlorinated rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, silicone rubber or polyurethane rubber.
Further, the rubber layer is one or more of chlorinated rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, hydrogenated butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, silicon rubber or polyurethane rubber.
Furthermore, the quartz fiber layer has a dielectric constant of 2.5 to 3.5 and a dielectric loss of 0.02 to 0.04.
Further, the total thickness of the target characteristic control composite material is 2 mm-6 mm; the thickness of the carbon fiber layer is 0.4 mm-0.6 mm, the thickness of the wave absorbing layer is 0.8 mm-1.6 mm, the thickness of the quartz fiber layer is 0.2 mm-0.6 mm, the thickness of the rubber layer is 0.2 mm-0.6 mm, and the thickness of the low infrared emissivity layer is 0.1 mm-0.2 mm.
Further, the wave absorbing layer comprises an M-type wave absorbing layer and an L-type wave absorbing layer; the thickness of the M-type wave absorbing layer is 0.4 mm-0.8 mm, and the thickness of the L-type wave absorbing layer is 0.4 mm-0.8 mm.
The invention also relates to a method for preparing the light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, respectively soaking the carbon fibers and the quartz fibers in a rubber solution to obtain carbon fiber prepregs and quartz fiber prepregs;
s2, dipping the quartz fiber in the wave-absorbing coating to obtain wave-absorbing prepreg;
s3, dipping the quartz fiber in the low-infrared-emissivity coating to obtain a low-infrared-emissivity prepreg;
s4, preparing a rubber raw sheet from the rubber material by adopting a mixing and rolling process;
and S5, laying carbon fiber prepreg, quartz fiber prepreg, wave-absorbing prepreg, low-infrared-emissivity prepreg and rubber green sheet in sequence, and then curing and molding by mould pressing or bag pressing to obtain the light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material.
Further, M-type wave-absorbing coating and L-type wave-absorbing coating are respectively prepared in S2, the wave-absorbing parameters of the M-type wave-absorbing coating and the L-type wave-absorbing coating are different, and then quartz fibers are soaked in the M-type wave-absorbing coating and the L-type wave-absorbing coating to respectively obtain M-type wave-absorbing prepreg and L-type wave-absorbing prepreg.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. compared with the existing shielding material for the machine body and the control surface, the target characteristic control composite material is prepared by compounding the wave-absorbing coating, the conductive coating, the low-infrared-emissivity coating and the fibers into the prepreg, then paving the prepreg and the quartz fiber prepreg and the rubber green sheet according to a specific sequence, and carrying out die pressing or bag pressing solidification molding, so that the target characteristic control composite material with good shielding performance, wave-absorbing performance and infrared emissivity can be obtained.
2. Compared with the existing glass steel structure wave-absorbing material, the target characteristic control composite material has the advantages that the carbon fiber layer, the quartz fiber layer, the wave-absorbing layer and the low infrared emissivity layer all use flexible rubber as a base body, and a flexible rubber layer is sandwiched between every two layers, so that the target characteristic control composite material has the characteristics of good flexibility, fatigue resistance and resilience.
3. Compared with the existing glass fiber reinforced plastic structure wave-absorbing material, the target characteristic control composite material not only has the characteristics of good flexibility, fatigue resistance and resilience, but also has the characteristics of low shielding performance, radar wave-absorbing performance and infrared emissivity.
4. Compared with the existing glass fiber reinforced plastic structure wave-absorbing material, the target characteristic control composite material has better impedance matching property and wider wave-absorbing frequency band through the multilayer structure design of the quartz fiber layer, the M-type wave-absorbing layer and the L-type wave-absorbing layer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a light-weight flexible bend-resistant target feature control composite material according to example 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a light-weight flexible bend-resistant target feature control composite material according to example 2.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a light-weight flexible bend-resistant target feature control composite of example 3.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a light-weight flexible bend-resistant target feature control composite of comparative example 2.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a light-weight flexible bend-resistant target feature control composite of comparative example 3.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
1) Target feature control composite structural design
According to the performance requirement required by the target characteristic control composite material, the total thickness of the target characteristic control composite material is designed to be 3.7mm, wherein the thickness of the carbon fiber layer is 0.4mm, the thickness of the rubber layer is 0.3mm, the thickness of the M-type wave absorbing layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the L-type wave absorbing layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the quartz fiber layer is 0.4mm, and the thickness of the low infrared emissivity layer is 0.1 mm.
The carbon fiber layer, the M-type wave absorbing layer, the L-type wave absorbing layer and the quartz fiber layer are 2 layers, a rubber layer is sandwiched between every two layers, the number of the rubber layers is 4, the number of the low infrared emission layers is 1, and the structure is 13 layers in total.
2) Preparation of impregnation solution
According to the design requirement, chlorinated rubber of 10-20 mPa & s, long-oil alkyd resin, xylene and No. 200 solvent gasoline are prepared into a chlorinated rubber impregnation solution according to the mass ratio of 2.5:1.5:2: 4. And adding 80 mass percent of MZ-I type absorbent (Spaceflight department, Wuhan magnetic and electric company) into the dipping solution to obtain the L type wave-absorbing coating material. And adding 83 mass percent of MZ-II type absorbent Spaceflight engineering Wuhan magnetoelectricity Limited liability company) into the dipping solution to obtain the M type wave-absorbing coating. The coating with low infrared emissivity is obtained by adding 50% mass fraction of ZLG8120 type aluminum powder (Octopus metal pigment Co., Ltd.) into the impregnation liquid.
3) Prepreg preparation
According to design requirements, carbon fibers are immersed in chlorinated rubber solution to prepare a carbon fiber prepreg sheet for standby; soaking quartz fibers in chlorinated rubber solution to prepare a quartz fiber prepreg sheet for later use; quartz fiber is soaked in the M-type wave-absorbing coating to prepare an M-type wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; quartz fiber is soaked in the L-shaped wave-absorbing coating to prepare an L-shaped wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; and (3) dipping the quartz fiber in the low-infrared-emissivity coating to prepare a low-infrared-emissivity prepreg sheet for later use.
4) Preparation of rubber Green sheet
And preparing the hydrogenated butadiene cyanide rubber into a hydrogenated butadiene cyanide rubber green sheet for later use by adopting a mixing and rolling process. Since the surface of the rubber substrate is smooth and has few active functional groups, it is necessary to coat the adhesive surface of the rubber green sheet with a surface treatment agent in order to improve the adhesion between the rubber layer and other layers.
5) Targeted feature controlled composite preparation
According to the design requirement, laying the required prepreg and rubber green sheet of each layer according to the structure shown in figure 1, molding, curing and forming by mold pressing after laying, wherein the mold pressing pressure is 2.0-3.0 MPa, and the mold pressing temperature is 60 ℃ multiplied by 2h +120 ℃ multiplied by 2h, and cutting the sheet obtained by mold pressing according to the required size to obtain the required flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material.
The infrared emissivity of the target characteristic control composite material is 3-5 mu m and 8-14 mu m and is less than or equal to 0.3, and the infrared emissivity is tested according to GJB 5892-2006 Infrared emissivity test method 2006; s, C, X and Ku waveband traveling wave attenuation rate is more than or equal to 95%, and the traveling wave attenuation rate is determined according to the second part of the hidden material electrical property test method of the standard Q/AVIC 06048.2: testing by a surface wave attenuation testing method; the surface density is less than or equal to 6.0kg/m2Firstly weighing the surface density by a balance to obtain the mass M of the composite material, then calculating the area of the composite material, and finally calculating the surface density of the composite material according to the M/S, wherein the unit of the surface density is kg/M2And the deflection is carried out for 5000 times within the range of +/-45 degrees without the phenomena of cracking, peeling, falling off and the like, and the deflection test is tested according to GB238-2002 'method for repeated bending test of metal materials and wires'.
Example 2
1) Target feature control composite structural design
According to the performance requirement required by the target characteristic control composite material, the total thickness of the target characteristic control composite material is designed to be 4.0mm, the thickness of a rubber sheet layer in the specific structure is 0.3mm, the thickness of a carbon fiber layer is 0.4mm, the thickness of an M-type wave absorbing layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of a quartz fiber layer is 0.5mm, and the thickness of a low infrared emission layer is 0.1 mm.
The structure comprises a carbon fiber layer, an M-type wave absorbing layer, an L-type wave absorbing layer and a quartz fiber layer, wherein the carbon fiber layer, the M-type wave absorbing layer, the L-type wave absorbing layer and the quartz fiber layer are 2 layers, a rubber fiber layer is sandwiched between every two layers, the number of the rubber layers is 5, the number of the low infrared emissivity layers is 1, and the structure comprises 14 layers in total.
2) Preparation of impregnation solution
According to the design requirement, hydroxy polydimethylsiloxane, organic amine catalyst and xylene are prepared into a silicon rubber dipping solution according to the mass ratio of 4:0.5: 5.5. And adding 83 mass percent of MZ-I absorbent (Spaceflight department, Wuhan magnetic and electric company) into the dipping solution to obtain the M-type wave-absorbing coating material. And adding 85% of MZ-II absorbent (Spaceflight engineering Wuhan magnetic and electric Limited liability company) in mass fraction into the dipping solution to obtain the L-type wave-absorbing coating. Adding 50% of ZLG8120 type aluminum powder (Octopus metal pigment Co., Ltd.) in mass fraction into the impregnation liquid to obtain the low infrared emissivity coating
3) Prepreg preparation
According to design requirements, carbon fibers are soaked in a silicon rubber solution to be prepared into a carbon fiber prepreg sheet for later use; soaking quartz fiber in a silicon rubber solution to prepare a quartz fiber prepreg sheet for later use; quartz fiber is soaked in the M-type wave-absorbing coating to prepare an M-type wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; quartz fiber is soaked in the L-shaped wave-absorbing coating to prepare an L-shaped wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; and (3) dipping the quartz fiber in the low-infrared-emissivity coating to prepare a low-infrared-emissivity prepreg sheet for later use.
4) Preparation of rubber Green sheet
The organic silicon rubber is prepared into an organic silicon rubber green sheet by adopting a mixing and rolling process for standby, and a surface treating agent is coated on the bonding surface of the rubber green sheet.
5) Targeted feature controlled composite preparation
According to the design requirement, laying the required prepreg and rubber green sheet of each layer according to the structure shown in figure 1, molding, curing and forming by mold pressing after laying, wherein the mold pressing pressure is 2.0-3.0 MPa, the mold pressing temperature is 60 ℃ multiplied by 2h +120 ℃ multiplied by 4h +160 ℃ multiplied by h, and cutting the sheet obtained by mold pressing according to the required size to obtain the required flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material.
The infrared emissivity of the target characteristic control composite material is 3-5 mu m and 8-14 mu m and is less than or equal to 0.3, and the infrared emissivity is tested according to GJB 5892-2006 Infrared emissivity test method 2006; l, S, C, X, Ku waveThe attenuation rate of the section traveling wave is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the attenuation rate of the traveling wave is determined according to the standard Q/AVIC 06048.2 & second part of the test method for the electrical property of the stealth material: testing by a surface wave attenuation testing method; the surface density is less than or equal to 7.0kg/m2Firstly weighing the surface density by a balance to obtain the mass M of the composite material, then calculating the area of the composite material, and finally calculating the surface density of the composite material according to the M/S, wherein the unit of the surface density is kg/M2And the deflection is carried out for 5000 times within the range of +/-45 ℃ at-55 ℃ without cracking, peeling, falling off and the like, and the deflection test is tested according to GB238-2002 'method for repeated bending test of metal materials and wires'.
Example 3
1) Target feature control composite structural design
According to the performance requirement required by the target characteristic control composite material, the total thickness of the target characteristic control composite material is designed to be 1.7mm, wherein the thickness of the carbon fiber layer is 0.4mm, the thickness of the rubber sheet layer is 0.3mm, the thickness of the M-type wave absorbing layer is 0.4mm, the thickness of the quartz fiber layer is 0.2mm, and the thickness of the low infrared emissivity layer is 0.1 mm.
The carbon fiber layer is 2 layers, the M-type wave-absorbing layer, the quartz fiber layer and the low infrared emissivity layer are 1 layer, a rubber layer is sandwiched between every two layers, the number of the rubber layers is 2, and the structure comprises 7 layers in total.
2) Preparation of impregnation solution
According to the design requirement, polyester polyol, xylene and curing agent HDI tripolymer are prepared into polyurethane glue dipping solution according to the mass ratio of 3:5: 2. And adding 83 mass percent of MZ-II absorbent (Spaceflight engineering Wuhan magnetic and electric Limited liability company) into the dipping solution to obtain the M-type wave-absorbing coating. The coating with low infrared emissivity is obtained by adding 50% mass fraction of ZLG8120 type aluminum powder (Octopus metal pigment Co., Ltd.) into the impregnation liquid.
3) Prepreg preparation
According to design requirements, carbon fibers are soaked in a polyurethane glue solution to prepare a carbon fiber prepreg sheet for later use; soaking quartz fibers in a polyurethane glue solution to prepare a quartz fiber prepreg sheet for later use; quartz fiber is soaked in the M-type wave-absorbing coating to prepare an M-type wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; and (3) dipping the quartz fiber in the low-infrared-emissivity coating to prepare a low-infrared-emissivity prepreg sheet for later use.
4) Preparation of rubber Green sheet
The hydrogenated butadiene cyanide rubber is prepared into a hydrogenated butadiene cyanide rubber green sheet for standby by adopting a mixing and rolling process, and a surface treating agent is coated on the bonding surface of the rubber green sheet.
5) Targeted feature controlled composite preparation
According to the design requirement, laying the required prepreg and rubber green sheet of each layer according to the structure shown in figure 3, molding, curing and forming by mold pressing after laying, wherein the mold pressing pressure is 2.0-3.0 MPa, and the mold pressing temperature is 60 ℃ multiplied by 2h +120 ℃ multiplied by 2h, and cutting the sheet obtained by mold pressing according to the required size to obtain the required flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material.
The target characteristic control composite material has the infrared emissivity of less than or equal to 0.3 at the positions of 3-5 mu m and 8-14 mu m, and the infrared emissivity is tested according to GJB 5892-2006 Infrared emissivity test method; c. X, Ku wave band traveling wave attenuation rate is not less than 95%, the traveling wave attenuation rate is according to standard Q/AVIC 06048.2 stealth material electrical performance test method second part: testing by a surface wave attenuation testing method; the surface density is less than or equal to 4.0kg/m2Firstly weighing the surface density by a balance to obtain the mass M of the composite material, then calculating the area of the composite material, and finally calculating the surface density of the composite material according to the M/S, wherein the unit of the surface density is kg/M2(ii) a No phenomena of cracking, peeling, falling and the like occur after the wire is deflected for 5000 times within the range of +/-45 degrees, and the deflection test is tested according to GB238-2002 'method for repeated bending test of metal materials and wires'.
The foregoing detailed description has been given for the purpose of illustration and description, and many other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Comparative example 1
1) Target feature control composite structural design
According to the performance requirement required by the target characteristic control composite material, the total thickness of the target characteristic control composite material is designed to be 3.7mm, wherein the thickness of the carbon fiber layer is 0.4mm, the thickness of the rubber layer is 0.3mm, the thickness of the M-type wave absorbing layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the L-type wave absorbing layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the quartz fiber layer is 0.4mm, and the thickness of the low infrared emissivity layer is 0.1 mm.
The carbon fiber layer, the M-type wave absorbing layer, the L-type wave absorbing layer and the quartz fiber layer are 2 layers, a rubber layer is sandwiched between every two layers, the number of the rubber layers is 4, the number of the low infrared emission layers is 1, and the structure is 13 layers in total.
2) Preparation of impregnation solution
According to the design requirement, epoxy resin E-44, xylene and an amine curing agent are prepared into an epoxy resin impregnation solution according to the mass ratio of 4:5: 1. And adding 80 mass percent of MZ-I type absorbent (Spaceflight department, Wuhan magnetic and electric company) into the dipping solution to obtain the L type wave-absorbing coating material. And adding 83 mass percent of MZ-II absorbent (Spaceflight engineering Wuhan magnetic and electric Limited liability company) into the dipping solution to obtain the M-type wave-absorbing coating. Adding 50% of ZLG8120 type aluminum powder (Octopus metal pigment Co., Ltd.) in mass fraction into the impregnation liquid to obtain the low infrared emissivity coating
3) Prepreg preparation
According to design requirements, carbon fibers are soaked in an epoxy resin soaking solution to prepare a carbon fiber prepreg sheet for later use; soaking quartz fibers in chlorinated rubber solution to prepare a quartz fiber prepreg sheet for later use; quartz fiber is soaked in the M-type wave-absorbing coating to prepare an M-type wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; quartz fiber is soaked in the L-shaped wave-absorbing coating to prepare an L-shaped wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; and (3) dipping the quartz fiber in the low-infrared-emissivity coating to prepare a low-infrared-emissivity prepreg sheet for later use.
4) Preparation of rubber Green sheet
And preparing the hydrogenated butadiene cyanide rubber into a hydrogenated butadiene cyanide rubber green sheet for later use by adopting a mixing and rolling process.
5) Targeted feature controlled composite preparation
According to the design requirement, laying the required prepreg and rubber green sheet of each layer according to the structure shown in figure 1, molding, curing and forming by mold pressing after laying, wherein the mold pressing pressure is 2.0-3.0 MPa, and the mold pressing temperature is 60 ℃ multiplied by 2h +120 ℃ multiplied by 2h, and cutting the plate obtained by mold pressing according to the required size to obtain the required target characteristic control composite material.
The infrared emissivity of the target characteristic control composite material is 3-5 mu m and 8-14 mu m and is less than or equal to 0.3, and the infrared emissivity is tested according to GJB 5892-2006 Infrared emissivity test method 2006; s, C, X and Ku waveband traveling wave attenuation rate is more than or equal to 95%, and the traveling wave attenuation rate is determined according to the second part of the hidden material electrical property test method of the standard Q/AVIC 06048.2: testing by a surface wave attenuation testing method; the surface density is less than or equal to 6.0kg/m2Firstly weighing the surface density by a balance to obtain the mass M of the composite material, then calculating the area of the composite material, and finally calculating the surface density of the composite material according to the M/S, wherein the unit of the surface density is kg/M2And the deflection is carried out 100 times within the range of +/-45 degrees to cause the phenomena of cracking, peeling, falling and the like, and the deflection test is tested according to GB238-2002 'method for repeated bending test of metal materials and wires'.
Comparative example 2
1) Target feature control composite structural design
According to the performance requirements required by the target characteristic control composite material, the total thickness of the target characteristic control composite material is designed to be 2.6mm, the thickness of the carbon fiber layer is 0.4mm, the thickness of the M-type wave absorbing layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the L-type wave absorbing layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the quartz fiber layer is 0.5mm, and the thickness of the low infrared emission layer is 0.1 mm.
Wherein carbon fiber layer, M type are inhaled ripples layer, L type and are inhaled ripples layer and quartz fiber layer and are 2 layers, and low infrared emissivity layer is 1 layer, and 9 layers are altogether in this structure.
2) Preparation of impregnation solution
According to the design requirement, hydroxy polydimethylsiloxane, organic amine catalyst and xylene are prepared into a silicon rubber dipping solution according to the mass ratio of 4:0.5: 5.5. And adding 83 mass percent of MZ-I absorbent (Spaceflight department, Wuhan magnetic and electric company) into the dipping solution to obtain the M-type wave-absorbing coating material. And adding 85% of MZ-II absorbent (Spaceflight engineering Wuhan magnetic and electric Limited liability company) in mass fraction into the dipping solution to obtain the L-type wave-absorbing coating. Adding 50% of ZLG8120 type aluminum powder (Octopus metal pigment Co., Ltd.) in mass fraction into the impregnation liquid to obtain the low infrared emissivity coating
3) Prepreg preparation
According to design requirements, carbon fibers are soaked in a silicon rubber solution to be prepared into a carbon fiber prepreg sheet for later use; soaking quartz fiber in a silicon rubber solution to prepare a quartz fiber prepreg sheet for later use; quartz fiber is soaked in the M-type wave-absorbing coating to prepare an M-type wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; quartz fiber is soaked in the L-shaped wave-absorbing coating to prepare an L-shaped wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; and (3) dipping the quartz fiber in the low-infrared-emissivity coating to prepare a low-infrared-emissivity prepreg sheet for later use.
4) Targeted feature controlled composite preparation
According to the design requirement, laying the required prepreg and rubber green sheet of each layer according to the structure shown in figure 4, molding, curing and forming by mold pressing after laying, wherein the mold pressing pressure is 2.0-3.0 MPa, the mold pressing temperature is 60 ℃ multiplied by 2h +120 ℃ multiplied by 4h +160 ℃ multiplied by h, and cutting the sheet obtained by mold pressing according to the required size to obtain the required bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material.
The infrared emissivity of the target characteristic control composite material is 3-5 mu m and 8-14 mu m and is less than or equal to 0.3, and the infrared emissivity is tested according to GJB 5892-2006 Infrared emissivity test method 2006; C. x, Ku wave band traveling wave attenuation rate is not less than 95%, the traveling wave attenuation rate is according to standard Q/AVIC 06048.2 stealth material electrical performance test method second part: testing by a surface wave attenuation testing method; the surface density is less than or equal to 4.0kg/m2Firstly weighing the surface density by a balance to obtain the mass M of the composite material, then calculating the area of the composite material, and finally calculating the surface density of the composite material according to the M/S, wherein the unit of the surface density is kg/M2And the deflection within the range of +/-45 degrees has the phenomena of cracking, peeling, falling off and the like, and the deflection test is tested according to GB238-2002 'method for repeated bending test of metal materials and wires'.
Comparative example 3
1) Target feature control composite structural design
According to the performance requirement required by the target characteristic control composite material, the total thickness of the target characteristic control composite material is designed to be 3.7mm, wherein the thickness of the carbon fiber layer is 0.4mm, the thickness of the rubber layer is 0.3mm, the thickness of the M-type wave absorbing layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the L-type wave absorbing layer is 0.8mm, the thickness of the quartz fiber layer is 0.4mm, and the thickness of the low infrared emissivity layer is 0.1 mm.
The carbon fiber layer, the M-type wave absorbing layer, the L-type wave absorbing layer and the quartz fiber layer are 2 layers, a rubber layer is sandwiched between every two layers, the number of the rubber layers is 4, the number of the low infrared emission layers is 1, and the structure is 13 layers in total.
2) Preparation of impregnation solution
According to the design requirement, chlorinated rubber of 10-20 mPa & s, long-oil alkyd resin, xylene and No. 200 solvent gasoline are prepared into a chlorinated rubber impregnation solution according to the mass ratio of 2.5:1.5:2: 4. And adding 80 mass percent of MZ-I type absorbent (Spaceflight department, Wuhan magnetic and electric company) into the dipping solution to obtain the L type wave-absorbing coating material. And adding 83 mass percent of MZ-II absorbent (Spaceflight engineering Wuhan magnetic and electric Limited liability company) into the dipping solution to obtain the M-type wave-absorbing coating. Adding 50% of ZLG8120 type aluminum powder (Octopus metal pigment Co., Ltd.) in mass fraction into the impregnation liquid to obtain the low infrared emissivity coating
3) Prepreg preparation
According to design requirements, carbon fibers are immersed in chlorinated rubber solution to prepare a carbon fiber prepreg sheet for standby; soaking quartz fibers in chlorinated rubber solution to prepare a quartz fiber prepreg sheet for later use; quartz fiber is soaked in the M-type wave-absorbing coating to prepare an M-type wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; quartz fiber is soaked in the L-shaped wave-absorbing coating to prepare an L-shaped wave-absorbing prepreg sheet for later use; and (3) dipping the quartz fiber in the low-infrared-emissivity coating to prepare a low-infrared-emissivity prepreg sheet for later use.
4) Preparation of rubber Green sheet
And preparing the hydrogenated butadiene cyanide rubber into a hydrogenated butadiene cyanide rubber green sheet for later use by adopting a mixing and rolling process.
5) Targeted feature controlled composite preparation
According to the design requirement, laying the required prepreg and rubber green sheet of each layer according to the structure shown in figure 5, molding, curing and forming by mold pressing after laying, wherein the mold pressing pressure is 2.0-3.0 MPa, and the mold pressing temperature is 60 ℃ multiplied by 2h +120 ℃ multiplied by 2h, and cutting the sheet obtained by mold pressing according to the required size to obtain the required flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material.
The target characteristic control composite material has no infrared stealth function, and the infrared emissivity is tested according to GJB 5892 and 2006 Infrared radiance test method; s, C, X and Ku waveband traveling wave attenuation performance is poor, and the traveling wave attenuation rate is according to the second part of the hidden material electrical performance test method of the standard Q/AVIC 06048.2: testing by a surface wave attenuation testing method; the surface density is less than or equal to 6.0kg/m2Firstly weighing the surface density by a balance to obtain the mass M of the composite material, then calculating the area of the composite material, and finally calculating the surface density of the composite material according to the M/S, wherein the unit of the surface density is kg/M2And the deflection is carried out for 5000 times within the range of +/-45 degrees without the phenomena of cracking, peeling, falling off and the like, and the deflection test is tested according to GB238-2002 'method for repeated bending test of metal materials and wires'.

Claims (10)

1. A light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material is characterized in that: from bottom to top be equipped with carbon fiber layer, absorbing layer, quartz fiber layer and low infrared emissivity layer in proper order, and this combined material presss from both sides a layer rubber layer every two-layer centre.
2. The lightweight flexible bend-resistant target feature control composite as recited in claim 1, wherein: the wave absorbing layer comprises an M-shaped wave absorbing layer and an L-shaped wave absorbing layer; when the frequency of the M-type wave-absorbing layer is 2 GHz, the dielectric constant is 50-60, the dielectric loss is 2-4, the magnetic conductivity is 2.6-3.0, and the magnetic loss rate is 1.0-1.5; when the frequency of the L-shaped wave-absorbing layer is 2 GHz, the dielectric constant is 5-10, the dielectric loss is 0.3-0.6, the magnetic conductivity is 2.0-2.5, and the magnetic loss rate is 0.5-1.0.
3. The lightweight flexible bend-resistant target feature control composite as recited in claim 1, wherein: the wave-absorbing layer and the low infrared emissivity layer are made of one or more of polyurethane modified epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, polyurea resin, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, silicon rubber and chlorinated rubber.
4. The lightweight flexible bend-resistant target feature control composite as recited in claim 1, wherein: the carbon fiber layer and the quartz fiber layer both take rubber as a matrix, and the matrix is one or more of chlorinated rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, hydrogenated butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, silicone rubber and polyurethane rubber.
5. The lightweight flexible bend-resistant target feature control composite as recited in claim 1, wherein: the rubber layer is one or more of chlorinated rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, hydrogenated butadiene cyanide rubber, silicone rubber and polyurethane rubber.
6. The lightweight flexible bend-resistant target feature control composite as recited in claim 1, wherein: the quartz fiber layer has a dielectric constant of 2.5 to 3.5 and a dielectric loss of 0.02 to 0.04.
7. The lightweight, flexible bend-resistant target feature control composite as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the total thickness of the target characteristic control composite material is 2 mm-6 mm; the thickness of the carbon fiber layer is 0.4 mm-0.6 mm, the thickness of the wave absorbing layer is 0.8 mm-1.6 mm, the thickness of the quartz fiber layer is 0.2 mm-0.6 mm, the thickness of the low infrared emissivity layer is 0.1 mm-0.2 mm, and the thickness of the rubber layer is 0.2 mm-0.6 mm.
8. The lightweight flexible bend-resistant target feature control composite as recited in claim 7, wherein: the wave absorbing layer comprises an M-shaped wave absorbing layer and an L-shaped wave absorbing layer; the thickness of the M-type wave absorbing layer is 0.4 mm-0.8 mm, and the thickness of the L-type wave absorbing layer is 0.4 mm-0.8 mm.
9. The preparation method of the light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
s1, respectively soaking the carbon fibers and the quartz fibers in a rubber solution to obtain carbon fiber prepregs and quartz fiber prepregs;
s2, dipping the quartz fiber in the wave-absorbing coating to obtain wave-absorbing prepreg;
s3, dipping the quartz fiber in the low-infrared-emissivity coating to obtain a low-infrared-emissivity prepreg;
s4, preparing a rubber raw sheet from the rubber material by adopting a mixing and rolling process;
and S5, laying carbon fiber prepreg, quartz fiber prepreg, wave-absorbing prepreg, low-infrared-emissivity prepreg and rubber green sheet in sequence, and then curing and molding by mould pressing or bag pressing to obtain the light flexible bending-resistant target characteristic control composite material.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein: and S2, preparing M-type wave-absorbing coating and L-type wave-absorbing coating respectively, wherein the wave-absorbing parameters of the M-type wave-absorbing coating and the L-type wave-absorbing coating are different, and then respectively soaking the quartz fiber in the M-type wave-absorbing coating and the L-type wave-absorbing coating to obtain M wave-absorbing prepreg and L-type wave-absorbing prepreg.
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