CN114192670B - Continuous stamping forming process and die for step counter-sunk holes - Google Patents

Continuous stamping forming process and die for step counter-sunk holes Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114192670B
CN114192670B CN202111508821.2A CN202111508821A CN114192670B CN 114192670 B CN114192670 B CN 114192670B CN 202111508821 A CN202111508821 A CN 202111508821A CN 114192670 B CN114192670 B CN 114192670B
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die
hole
male die
counter bore
diameter
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CN114192670A (en
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杨程
彭迎娇
陈林
张金虎
陈璇
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Xian University of Architecture and Technology
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Xian University of Architecture and Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/08—Dies with different parts for several steps in a process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/001—Shaping combined with punching, e.g. stamping and perforating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
    • B21J13/10—Manipulators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a continuous stamping forming process and a continuous stamping forming die for a step counter bore, comprising a female die, a first male die, a second male die and a third male die, wherein three stations are arranged on the female die; at the first station: the first convex die punches a through hole with a circular hole shape; at the second station: a second male die step counter bore; third station: and a third male die is used for repairing the center hole. The continuous die is adopted, the strip is fed automatically and is subjected to continuous impact forging forming, and the forming efficiency is high; the problems that the appearance size change is large, the small punch is easy to break, the punch is easy to gnaw the cutting edge and the like in the traditional step countersunk head Kong Chongduan forming can be prevented; the manufacturing cost can be effectively reduced, and the precision of the workpiece, the service life of the die and the production stability are improved.

Description

Continuous stamping forming process and die for step counter-sunk holes
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of stamping forming, and particularly relates to a continuous stamping forming process and a die for a step counter bore.
Background
The step countersink is commonly used for installing bolts or other connecting parts, and has the effect that the bolt head is buried into the part without exceeding parts and influencing the usability such as appearance, rotation and the like.
The traditional step counter bore generally adopts a machining method, has the problems of low production efficiency and high cost, and is very passive when facing mass production.
In order to avoid the defect of machining and producing the step counter bore, a continuous die stamping forming process is generally adopted, such as pre-punching, counter bore pressing and center bore trimming. While the continuous die production needs to ensure constant step pitch, materials can flow outwards at a step hole pressing station during continuous die stamping and forming of a step counter bore, so that a working procedure piece is elongated, and further mutual influence is caused among working procedures, and the problems of dimension out-of-tolerance, small punch breakage, punch and die biting, unstable production and the like caused by overlarge change of the external dimension of the working procedure piece are often caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a continuous stamping forming process and a die for a step countersink, which can prevent the extension of working procedure parts caused by outflow of materials during continuous stamping forming of the step countersink and reduce the mutual influence among working procedures.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the continuous stamping forming die for the step counter bores comprises a female die, a first male die, a second male die and a third male die, wherein a punching station, a step counter bore pressing station and a center bore repairing station are sequentially arranged on the female die;
wherein, the first male die and the punching die hole can be matched for punching;
the center of the end face of the second male die is provided with a concave, the end face of the second male die is annular, the inner diameter of the end face of the second male die and the diameter of a pressing step counter bore die hole are smaller than the inner diameter of a small-diameter section of a step counter bore to be machined, and the second male die and the pressing step counter bore Kong Mokong can be matched to press out a large-diameter section of the step counter bore to be machined;
the third male die and the hole trimming die hole can be matched with each other to punch out a small-diameter section of the countersunk hole of the step to be processed;
the upper part of the female die is respectively provided with a blank holder at the punching die hole, the step counter punch Kong Mokong and the hole trimming die hole, and the blank holder is provided with through holes for the first male die, the second male die and the third male die to pass through.
Preferably, the through holes on the blank holder are matched with the first male die, the second male die and the third male die in H7/H6 mode.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the second male die is the same as the diameter of the large-diameter section of the countersunk head hole of the step to be processed.
Preferably, the percentage of the difference between the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the countersunk hole of the step to be processed and the inner diameter of the end face of the second male die and the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the countersunk hole of the step to be processed is not more than 15 percent.
Preferably, the concave of the center of the end face of the second male die is a conical hole, a spherical hole or a cylindrical hole.
Preferably, the percentage of the difference between the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the step countersink to be processed and the diameter of the die hole of the step countersink to be processed and the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the step countersink to be processed is not more than 15 percent.
Preferably, the edge of the step counter-sunk hole die adopts fillet transition.
Preferably, the diameter of the third male die is the same as the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the countersunk hole of the step to be processed.
Preferably, the third male die is in tolerance fit with the hole of the hole trimming die.
The invention also provides a continuous stamping forming method of the step counter bore, which sequentially comprises the steps of punching, pressing the step counter bore and repairing the center bore:
the punching process comprises the following steps: punching a pre-hole on the blank, wherein the diameter of the pre-hole is larger than or equal to the inner diameter of a small-diameter section of the countersunk head hole of the step to be processed;
the step counter sinking process comprises the following steps: extruding a large-diameter section of the step countersink to be processed from one end of the pre-hole to obtain a pre-formed step countersink, wherein the pre-formed step countersink is a step countersink with machining allowance on a small-diameter section; in the process of extruding a large-diameter section of a step counter bore to be processed, the part of the blank positioned at the inner side of the pre-bore flows to the inner side of the pre-bore;
the process for repairing the center hole comprises the following steps: and (3) flushing out machining allowance on the inner side of the preformed step counter bore to obtain the step counter bore with the final size.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the continuous stamping forming die for the step counter-sunk hole, the first male die and the punching die hole can be matched to punch out a pre-hole; the second male die and the step countersunk head Kong Mokong can be matched to press out a large-diameter section of a step countersunk hole to be machined, because the pre-hole exists, the end face of the second male die is annular and is provided with a concave at the center, the inner diameter of the end face of the second male die and the diameter of the step countersunk hole are smaller than the inner diameter of a small-diameter section of the step countersunk hole to be machined, and the edge of the step countersunk hole is in round corner transition, metal on a blank at the pre-hole can flow to the inner side of the pre-hole in the process of pressing out the large-diameter section of the step countersunk hole to be machined, meanwhile, the concave on the end face of the second male die and the step countersunk hole can also contain the metal flowing inwards, so that blank metal outflow can be prevented, and therefore, the extension of working procedure pieces and the mutual influence among working procedures can be avoided; because the blank metal flows to the inner side of the pre-hole and the concave and the step counter bore die hole exist, the blank metal can deform and form machining allowance on the small-diameter section of the pre-formed step counter bore, and the machining allowance can be directly removed by matching the third male die with the hole trimming die hole through the third male die and the hole trimming die hole, and the small-diameter section of the step counter bore to be machined is formed. In conclusion, the continuous stamping forming die for the step counter bore can realize automatic feeding and continuous stamping forming of strips, and has high forming efficiency. Can prevent the problems of large change of external dimensions, easy breakage of small male dies, cutter gnawing of male dies and production pause caused by large change of external dimensions due to outflow of materials when the traditional step counter Kong Chongduan is formed. Therefore, the precision of the workpiece and the service life of the die can be improved, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a continuous press forging forming process of a step counter bore of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a first station of a continuous stamping forming die for a step counter bore;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second station for continuous stamping forming of a step counter bore (before forming);
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the construction of a second station of a continuous press forging die for forming a stepped counter bore according to the present invention (after forming)
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second step punch formed by continuous punch forging of a step counter bore according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a third station of the continuous stamping forming die for the step counter bore of the invention;
in the figure, 1-blank, 11-pre-hole, 12-female die, 121-punching die hole, 13-first male die, 14-first blank holder, 141-first through hole, 21-pre-formed step countersink, 221-step countersink Kong Mokong, 23-second male die, 231-concave, 24-second blank holder, 241-second through hole, 321-trimming Kong Mokong, 33-third male die, 34-third blank holder, 341-third through hole, 4-step countersink.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the continuous punch forging forming die for step counter bores of the invention comprises a female die 12, a first male die 13, a second male die 23 and a third male die 33, wherein a punching station, a step counter bore station and a center bore repairing station are sequentially arranged on the female die 12, the female die 12 is respectively provided with a punching die hole 121, a step counter bore Kong Mokong 221 and a bore repairing die hole 321 in the punching station, the step counter bore station and the center bore repairing station, and the first male die 13, the second male die 23 and the third male die 33 are respectively matched with the punching die hole 121, the step counter bore Kong Mokong 221 and the bore repairing Kong Mokong 321; wherein, referring to fig. 2, the first male die 13 and the punching die hole 121 can be matched for punching; referring to fig. 3 and 4, the center of the end surface of the second male die 23 has a recess 231, the end surface of the second male die 23 is annular, the inner diameter of the end surface of the second male die 23 and the diameter of the step counter-bore Kong Mokong 221 are smaller than the inner diameter of the small-diameter section of the step counter-bore to be machined, and the second male die 23 and the step counter-bore Kong Mokong 221 can be matched to press out the large-diameter section of the step counter-bore to be machined; referring to fig. 6, the third male die 33 and the hole trimming die hole 321 can be matched to punch out a small diameter section of the countersunk hole of the step to be processed; the upper part of the female die 12 is respectively provided with a blank holder at the punching die hole 121, the step counter punch Kong Mokong 221 and the hole trimming die hole 321, and the blank holder is provided with through holes for the first male die 13, the second male die 23 and the third male die 33 to pass through.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the through holes on the blank holder are matched with the first punch 13, the second punch 23 and the third punch 33 by H7/H6.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 4, the outer diameter of the second punch 23 is the same as the diameter of the large diameter section of the stepped counter bore to be machined.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, the difference between the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the countersink to be machined and the inner diameter of the end face of the second punch 23 is not more than 15% of the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the countersink to be machined.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3 to 5, the recess 231 in the center of the end surface of the second punch 23 is a conical hole.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the percentage of the difference between the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the step countersink to be processed and the diameter of the pressing step countersink Kong Mokong to be processed and the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the step countersink to be processed is not more than 15 percent.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the edge of the stepped counter Kong Mokong 221 is rounded.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 6, the diameter of the third punch 33 is the same as the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the stepped counter bore to be machined.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the third punch 33 is in tolerance engagement with the pilot hole 321.
The invention also provides a continuous stamping forming method of the step counter bore, which sequentially comprises the steps of punching, pressing the step counter bore and repairing the center bore:
the punching process comprises the following steps: punching a pre-hole 11 on the blank 1, wherein the diameter of the pre-hole 11 is larger than or equal to the inner diameter of a small-diameter section of a countersunk hole of a step to be processed;
the step counter sinking process comprises the following steps: extruding a large-diameter section of a step countersink to be processed from one end of the pre-hole 11 to obtain a pre-formed step countersink 21, wherein the pre-formed step countersink 21 is a step countersink with machining allowance on a small-diameter section; in the process of extruding a large-diameter section of a step counter bore to be processed, the part of the blank positioned at the inner side of the pre-bore 11 flows to the inner side of the pre-bore 11;
the process for repairing the center hole comprises the following steps: and (3) flushing out the machining allowance on the inner side of the preformed step counter bore 21 to obtain the step counter bore 4 with the final size.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1-6, the continuous punch forging forming die for the step counter bore of the embodiment comprises a female die 12, wherein three stations are arranged on the female die 12;
at the first station: a first station of the female die 12 is provided with a punching die hole 121, and the punching die hole 121 is correspondingly provided with a first male die 13; the first station is also provided with a platy first blank holder 1 for pressing the blank; the center of the first blank holder 1 is provided with a first through hole 141 with an aperture matched with the first male die 13 by H7/H6, and the first through hole 141 is used for guiding and protecting the first male die 13; a pre-orifice 11 of diameter D1 is obtained.
At the second station: a second station of the female die 12 is provided with a step countersunk head Kong Mokong 221, and a second male die 23 with a concave 231 at the center of the end surface is correspondingly arranged on the step countersunk head Kong Mokong 221; the second station is also provided with a platy second blank holder 24 for pressing the blank; the center of the second blank holder 24 is provided with a second through hole 241 with an aperture matched with the second male die 23 by H7/H6, and the second through hole 241 is used for guiding and protecting the second male die 23; a preformed step counter bore 21 with a major diameter D21 and a convex minor diameter D22 is obtained.
Third station: a third station of the female die 12 is provided with a hole trimming die hole 321; a cylindrical third male die 33 for hole trimming is arranged above the third station; the third station is also provided with a plate-shaped third blank holder 34 for pressing the blank; the center of the third blank holder 34 is provided with a third through hole 341 with an aperture matched with the third male die 33 by adopting H7/H6, and the third through hole 341 guides and protects the third male die 33; a step counter bore 4 with a major diameter D31 and a minor diameter D32 is obtained.
Wherein the first punch 13 cooperates with the punch aperture 121 to obtain the pre-aperture 11. The cross sections of the first male die 13 and the punching die hole 121 are circular. The large diameter D231 of the second male die 23 is the same as the large diameter D31 of the step counter bore 4, the diameter D232 of the concave of the second male die 23 is 0.5mm smaller than the small diameter D32 of the step counter bore 4, the concave of the second male die 23 is a conical bore, and the cone angle of the conical bore is 90 degrees. The aperture of the step-pressing countersunk head Kong Mokong 221 is 0.5mm smaller than the small diameter D32 of the step-pressing countersunk hole, and the hole edge of the step-pressing countersunk head Kong Mokong 221 adopts a rounded corner transition of R0.5. The diameter of the third punch 33 is the same as the minor diameter D32 of the final step counterbore 4. The third punch 33 is in tolerance engagement with the pilot hole 321. The large diameter D21 of the preformed step counter bore 21 obtained by the second station is equal to the step counter bore Kong Dajing D31 obtained by the third processing station, and the small diameter D22 of the protrusion of the preformed step counter bore 21 obtained by the second station is 0.5mm smaller than the small diameter D32 of the step counter bore obtained by the third step counter bore repairing station.
The continuous punch forging forming die for the step counter bore is utilized for continuous punch forging forming of the step counter bore.
The continuous stamping and forming process for the step counter bore is carried out by using the continuous stamping and forming die for the step counter bore, and comprises the following steps of:
step 1, punching: the blank 1 is pressed on a first station of the female die 12 by the first blank holder 14, and the blank 1 is punched by the first male die 13 to obtain a working procedure piece with a pre-hole 11;
step 2, pressing a step counter bore: transferring the working piece with the pre-hole 11 obtained in the working procedure 1 to a second station; after the second blank holder 24 presses the working procedure piece, the second male die 23 is matched with the pressing step counter-sunk head Kong Mokong 221 on the female die 12 downwards to form a preformed step counter-sunk hole 21; at this time, the material flows inward into the recess 231 of the second punch 23 and also flows into the step counter punch Kong Mokong 221 to form the preformed step counter hole 21 having the machining allowance in the shape of a vertically protruding part;
step 3, repairing the center hole: transferring the preformed step counter bore 21 process piece with the up-down bulge-shaped machining allowance obtained in the process 2 to a third station; the third blank holder 34 presses the working element obtained in the working procedure 2 onto the female die, and the cylindrical third male die 33 punches the upper and lower convex parts of the working element, so as to remove the superfluous metal material in the center of the center hole, thereby obtaining the final step counter bore 4.
In conclusion, the continuous die is adopted, the strip is automatically fed and continuously subjected to impact forging forming, and the forming efficiency is high; the problems that the appearance size change is large, the small punch is easy to break, the punch is easy to gnaw the cutting edge and the like in the traditional step countersunk head Kong Chongduan forming can be prevented; the manufacturing cost can be effectively reduced, and the precision of the workpiece, the service life of the die and the production stability are improved.

Claims (10)

1. The continuous stamping forming die for the step counter bores is characterized by comprising a female die (12), a first male die (13), a second male die (23) and a third male die (33), wherein a punching station, a step counter bore pressing station and a center bore repairing station are sequentially arranged on the female die (12), the female die (12) is respectively provided with a punching die hole (121), a step counter bore Kong Mokong (221) and a center bore repairing station, and the first male die (13), the second male die (23) and the third male die (33) are respectively matched with the punching die hole (121), the step counter bore Kong Mokong (221) and the center bore repairing station;
wherein, the first male die (13) and the punching die hole (121) can be matched for punching;
the center of the end face of the second male die (23) is provided with a concave (231), the end face of the second male die (23) is annular, the inner diameter of the end face of the second male die (23) and the diameter of the step countersunk head Kong Mokong (221) are smaller than the inner diameter of the small-diameter section of the step countersunk hole to be machined, and the second male die (23) and the step countersunk head Kong Mokong (221) can be matched and pressed out to form the large-diameter section of the step countersunk hole to be machined;
the third male die (33) and the hole trimming die hole (321) can be matched to punch out a small-diameter section of the countersunk hole of the step to be processed;
the upper part of the female die (12) is respectively provided with a blank holder at the punching die hole (121), the step countersunk head Kong Mokong (221) and the trimming Kong Mokong (321), and the blank holder is provided with through holes for the first male die (13), the second male die (23) and the third male die (33) to pass through.
2. The continuous punch forming die for the stepped counter bore according to claim 1, wherein the through hole on the blank holder is matched with the first punch (13), the second punch (23) and the third punch (33) in a manner of H7/H6.
3. A continuous press forging die for a stepped counter bore according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the second punch (23) is the same as the diameter of the large diameter section of the stepped counter bore to be machined.
4. The continuous press forging die for the stepped countersink according to claim 1, wherein the percentage of the difference between the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the stepped countersink to be machined and the inner diameter of the end face of the second male die (23) to the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the stepped countersink to be machined is not more than 15%.
5. A continuous press forging die for a stepped counter bore according to claim 1, wherein the recess (231) in the center of the end face of the second punch (23) is a conical hole, a spherical hole or a cylindrical hole.
6. The continuous press forging die for the stepped countersink according to claim 1, wherein the percentage of the difference between the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the stepped countersink to be machined and the diameter of the stepped countersink Kong Mokong (221) to be machined and the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the stepped countersink to be machined is not more than 15%.
7. The continuous press forging die for a stepped counterbore according to claim 1, wherein the edge of the step counterbore Kong Mokong (221) is rounded.
8. The continuous press forging die for the stepped counterbore according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the third punch (33) is the same as the inner diameter of the small diameter section of the stepped counterbore to be machined.
9. A continuous punch forming die for stepped countersunk holes according to claim 1, wherein the third punch (33) is in tolerance fit with the hole-trimming die hole (321).
10. A continuous stamping and forging forming method for a step counter bore, which is characterized by adopting the continuous stamping and forging forming die for the step counter bore according to any one of claims 1-9, and sequentially comprising the steps of punching, step counter bore pressing and center hole repairing:
the punching process comprises the following steps: punching a pre-hole (11) on the blank (1), wherein the diameter of the pre-hole (11) is larger than or equal to the inner diameter of a small-diameter section of a countersunk hole of a step to be processed;
the step counter sinking process comprises the following steps: extruding a large-diameter section of a step countersink to be processed from one end of the pre-hole (11) to obtain a pre-formed step countersink (21), wherein the pre-formed step countersink (21) is a step countersink with machining allowance on a small-diameter section; in the process of extruding a large-diameter section of a step counter bore to be processed, the part of the blank positioned at the inner side of the pre-bore (11) flows towards the inner side of the pre-bore (11);
the process for repairing the center hole comprises the following steps: and (3) flushing out machining allowance on the inner side of the preformed step counter bore (21) to obtain the step counter bore with the final size.
CN202111508821.2A 2021-12-10 2021-12-10 Continuous stamping forming process and die for step counter-sunk holes Active CN114192670B (en)

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CN114192670B true CN114192670B (en) 2023-10-20

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1058084A (en) * 1996-08-20 1998-03-03 Akamatsu Forsys Kk Heading gear and heading tool set for producing the same
CN105834348A (en) * 2016-05-25 2016-08-10 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 Method for forging workblank of transmission disc of locomotive
CN109433988A (en) * 2018-10-30 2019-03-08 西安建筑科技大学 A kind of continuous press forging forming process of taper counter sink and mold
CN209238826U (en) * 2018-12-01 2019-08-13 无锡烁然机械科技有限公司 For forming the progressive die of sliding rail connector

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1058084A (en) * 1996-08-20 1998-03-03 Akamatsu Forsys Kk Heading gear and heading tool set for producing the same
CN105834348A (en) * 2016-05-25 2016-08-10 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 Method for forging workblank of transmission disc of locomotive
CN109433988A (en) * 2018-10-30 2019-03-08 西安建筑科技大学 A kind of continuous press forging forming process of taper counter sink and mold
CN209238826U (en) * 2018-12-01 2019-08-13 无锡烁然机械科技有限公司 For forming the progressive die of sliding rail connector

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
金属板料台阶孔冲锻成形工艺研究;王可胜;周林;李尚荣;;模具工业(06);全文 *

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