CN114190081A - 用于以电的方式对功能元件进行控制的方法 - Google Patents

用于以电的方式对功能元件进行控制的方法 Download PDF

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CN114190081A
CN114190081A CN202180002338.9A CN202180002338A CN114190081A CN 114190081 A CN114190081 A CN 114190081A CN 202180002338 A CN202180002338 A CN 202180002338A CN 114190081 A CN114190081 A CN 114190081A
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frequency
unit
glazing
functional element
glazing unit
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R·斯泰尔泽
B·克劳斯
M·蔡司
D·S·克雷格
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Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
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Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于以电的方式对具有可电控光学特性的至少一个功能元件（8）进行控制的方法，其中•借助于操控单元（9）控制所述光学特性，其中所述操控单元（9）与所述功能元件（8）的至少两个透明的平面电极连接，•借助于所述操控单元（9）在所述平面电极之间施加电压，其中所述电压具有带有可变地可调整的第一频率的周期性信号变化过程，并且玻璃窗单元（10）由第二频率的光束包围，并且其中借助于传感器单元（4）检测所述光束并且根据所述第二频率改变所述第一频率，其中使所述第一频率与所述第二频率同步。

Description

用于以电的方式对功能元件进行控制的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于控制功能元件的方法以及使用这样的方法的玻璃窗装置。
背景技术
在玻璃窗单元（Verglasungseinheiten）的工业生产中使用具有可电控光学特性的功能元件。这种玻璃窗单元通常是复合板，其中功能元件嵌入到所述复合板中。复合板由至少一个外板、内板和可粘接中间层组成，所述可粘接中间层将外板与内板以平面方式连接。在此，典型的中间层是聚乙烯醇缩丁醛薄膜，所述聚乙烯醇缩丁醛薄膜除了其粘接特性之外具有高韧性和高声学衰减。中间层防止复合玻璃板在损坏时崩溃。复合板仅得到裂缝，但是保持形状稳定。
具有可电控光学特性的复合板从现有技术中是已知的。这样的复合板包含功能元件，所述功能元件典型地包含两个平面电极之间的活性层（Aktive Schicht）。活性层的光学特性可以通过施加到平面电极上的电压被改变。对此的一个示例是例如从US20120026573 A1和WO 2012007334 A1中已知的电致变色功能元件。另一示例是例如从EP0876608 B1和WO 2011033313 A1中已知的SPD功能元件（悬浮粒子器件（SuspendedParticle Device））或PDLC功能元件（聚合物分散液晶（Polymer Dispersed LiquidCrystal））。通过所施加的电压可以控制可见光穿过电致变色或SPD/PDLC功能元件的透射。
SPD和PDLC功能元件作为多层薄膜在商业上可得到。为了施加电压所需要的平面电极布置在两个PET载体薄膜之间。在制造玻璃窗单元时，所述功能元件从所述多层薄膜中以期望的大小和形状被冲裁并且被放入到中间层的薄膜之间。经由复合板之外的扁平导体将平面电极与控制模块（ECU）导电地连接。所述控制模块被构造用于在平面电极之间施加电压、尤其是具有例如50 Hz的频率的交流电压。已知的是，PDLC功能元件显示混浊的透明状态和其供电电压的当前值之间的相干性。如果光源（如氖管，一些LED灯）存在于PDLC功能元件附近并且光源具有带有类似频率的非均匀强度，则观察者将会将这感知为干扰性闪烁或在PDLC功能元件处的透明度方面的变化。
图1根据时间示出施加到PDLC功能元件上的交流电压（VPDLC）的变化过程以及所述PDLC功能元件的透明度行为。明显可以看出的是，在PDLC交流电压经过零点时透明度（TPDLC）降低。透明度具有剩余波纹度。
在图2中示出交流电压（VPDLC）的变化过程和外部光源的光强度。光源照射PDLC功能元件并且具有带有与PDLC功能元件的交流电压的频率轻微不同的频率的不均匀强度（IL）。如果对PDLC功能元件显得非透明并且光源同时发光、即具有强度IL>0的时间点进行比较，则由观察者明显感知PDLC功能元件的闪烁。这可能导致所谓的混叠效应A（差频效应（Schwebungseffekt））。在图2中的时间点P，PDLC功能元件是不太透明的或甚至非透明的。如果这些时间点被连接成曲线A，则形成曲线A的变化过程，所述变化过程表示由观察者感知的透明度。PDLC功能元件的这种感知对观察者产生混乱性和干扰性影响。
US 2020/133042公开一种用于运行具有可电控光学特性的功能元件的设备。该设备包括电能量源，所述电能量源经由两个引线与所述功能元件导电地连接。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于，提供一种方法，所述方法改善光学特性，尤其是减少具有可电控光学特性的玻璃窗装置的闪烁。
本发明的任务根据本发明通过根据权利要求1所述的方法解决。优选实施方案由从属权利要求得知。
根据本发明的用于以电的方式对具有可电控光学特性的功能元件进行控制的方法，至少包括
•借助于操控单元控制光学特性，其中所述操控单元与所述功能元件的至少两个透明的平面电极连接，
•借助于操控单元在平面电极之间施加电压。
在此，电压具有带有第一频率的周期性信号变化过程。频率是可变地可调整的。换句话说，周期性电压是交流电压。玻璃窗单元由第二频率的光束包围，在此借助于传感器单元检测所述光束，并且根据第二频率改变第一频率。
在一种实施方式中，所述功能元件插入玻璃窗单元中。结合本发明，“玻璃窗单元”在一般意义上可以被理解为可以直接地（无框架地）或者在插进合适的框架中之后被用于封闭交通工具或建筑物的窗户开口的产物。在现代机动车情况下，在此情况下通常是复合玻璃板，并且在中纬和北纬地区的新建筑情况下是隔绝玻璃窗，但是本发明并不限于这些。可替代地，所述功能元件可以粘合在由玻璃、塑料或丙烯酸玻璃制成的基板上。
玻璃窗单元包括至少一个外板和内板，所述外部和内板经由热塑性中间层相互连接，其中所述功能元件插入玻璃窗单元中。在本发明的意义上，用内板表示朝向内部空间的板。用外板表示朝向外部环境的板。
本发明的构思是不根据所存放的频率执行用于控制功能元件的功能。相反地，例如以预先给定的时间间隔确定实际环境光的频率的测量。为了更好地使电压的第一频率适配于环境光，进行差测量，也就是说，确定第一频率和所述环境光的第二频率之间的差。从该测量中可以推断出校正值并且相应地通过增加或减小了该校正值来适配第一频率。由此，进行频率适配。由此避免干涉效应。在此，第一频率可以处于例如40-80Hz的工作范围中。
利用本发明可以显著减少所述功能元件的透明度的由观察者感知的闪烁。由此也可以为观察者实现使用价值的明显升高，这有助于提高相应玻璃窗单元的市场展望。
玻璃窗单元由环境光包围，所述环境光通过发光物、尤其是LED或荧光灯产生。环境光具有光束，所述光束由第二频率表征。光束由传感器单元检测，使得第二频率可以被确定。
通过本发明得出以下优点：可以以对于观察者生成玻璃窗单元的几乎恒定的透明度、也即实现恒定透明度的效应的频率运行电压。通过使电压的第一频率适配于光束的第二频率，可以特别有效地减少玻璃窗单元的闪烁。通过使频率同步，功能模块的透明度显得几乎无闪烁。
在一种有利的扩展方案中，所施加的电压的相位可以被调整为使得使功能模块的透明度的最小值与环境光的光强度的最小值同步，以便实现最小感知浊度。
传感器单元具有至少一个光传感器。所述光传感器被设计用于探测环境中的光、由发光物发射的光的频率和/或亮度。光传感器应该在可见光谱范围内探测光。有利地，应该使光谱灵敏度分布与人眼的光谱灵敏度分布相适应，使得所测量的值与由人类观察者感知的光尽可能好地一致。光传感器应该以最小采样频率工作，所述最小采样频率大于功能元件的两倍、优选四倍的第一频率。
该传感器单元可以是玻璃窗单元的一部分，其方式是所述传感器单元被布置在复合板处。优选地，传感器单元在所述外板和内板之间嵌入在所述中间层中。该传感器单元优选地完全地布置在玻璃窗单元的内部中。此外，传感器单元可以位于印刷电路板上，所述印刷电路板具有布置于其上的至少一个光电晶体管。传感器单元适用于探测特定量的环境光。所述传感器单元连接到所述操控单元上、尤其是连接到交通工具的评估电子设备上。由传感器单元探测的信号被转发给操控单元用于评估。在建筑物情况下，传感器单元可以有利地布置在玻璃窗单元之外的空间中。
借助于所述传感器单元探测第二频率。传感器单元可以是光传感器，尤其是光电晶体管、光电二极管、光电池、光敏电阻和/或CMOS/CCD传感器。通过光电晶体管实现特别好的光敏度。在一种优选的扩展方案中，光电二极管可以是SMD构件。如果光电二极管是SMD构件，则适宜地使用SMD印刷电路板。所述印刷电路板可以直接布置在板之一上，尤其是以背离光电二极管的侧布置在内板的外侧表面上。已经表明，空间有限的印刷电路板的存在不导致层压板的稳定性的显着降低。但是，印刷电路板也可以布置在两个热塑性层之间、也即布置在热塑性中间层的两个分层之间。
例如，传感器单元也可以被设置用于以规则的时间间隔检测光束。有利地，所述传感器单元就布置在所述功能元件的附近。由于传感器单元应该检测环境光，所以该传感器单元可以布置在所述环境光可以直接或间接地射到传感器单元的传感器面上的任何地方。该传感器单元可以以距功能元件约5 mm的间隔布置。
所述操控单元具有用于从由所述传感器单元传送的信号中确定第二频率的装置。此外，操控单元将第一频率与第二频率进行比较。如果确定出差，则根据所述第二频率改变第一频率。然后以经改变的第一频率操控功能元件。
第一频率可以优选地被适配于第二频率，以便使所述第一频率适配于发光物的当前特征或特性。
玻璃窗单元包括具有可电控光学特性的功能元件，所述功能元件插入到中间层中。功能元件典型地布置在中间层的热塑性材料的至少两个层之间，其中所述功能元件通过第一层与外板连接并且通过第二层与内板连接。
这种功能元件包括至少一个活性层，所述活性层布置在第一载体薄膜和第二载体薄膜之间。活性层具有可变光学特性，所述可变光学特性可以通过施加到活性层上的电压来控制。在本发明的意义上，可电控光学特性被理解为无级可控的这样的特性，但同样也被理解为可以在两个或更多个离散状态之间切换的这样的特性。光学特性尤其是涉及光透射和/或散射行为。该功能元件此外包括用于将电压施加到所述活性层上的平面电极，所述平面电极优选地布置在载体薄膜和活性层之间。
在一种有利的扩展方案中，所述功能元件是PDLC功能元件，尤其是将玻璃窗单元的至少一个区域从透明状态切换到不透明状态并且反之亦然的这样的功能元件。PDLC功能元件的活性层包含插入到聚合物基质中的液晶。在另一优选的扩展方案中，所述功能元件是SPD功能元件。在此，活性层包含悬浮粒子，其中通过活性层对光的吸收可以借助于将电压施加到平面电极上被改变。
平面电极和活性层基本上平行于外板和内板的表面地布置。平面电极与外部电压源连接。电接触以及到所述活性层的能量源上的连接通过合适的连接电缆、例如扁平导体或薄膜导体来实现，其可选地经由所谓的汇流导体（汇流条（bus bar））、例如导电材料的条或导电压印物与平面电极连接。所述功能元件的厚度例如为0.4 mm至1 mm。
平面电极优选地被配置为透明导电层。平面电极优选地包含至少一种金属、金属合金或透明导电氧化物（transparent conducting oxide，TCO）。平面电极可以例如包含银、金、铜、镍、铬、钨、氧化铟锡（ITO）、掺杂镓或掺杂铝的氧化锌和/或掺杂氟或掺杂锑的氧化锡。平面电极优选地具有10 nm（纳米）至2 μm（微米）、特别优选地20 nm至1 μm、完全特别优选地30 nm至500 nm的厚度。
本发明此外包括用于执行根据本发明的方法的交通工具或建筑物的玻璃窗装置，所述玻璃窗装置至少包括
•具有可电控光学特性的玻璃窗单元，所述玻璃窗单元包括外板和内板，所述外板和内板经由热塑性中间层相互连接，并且具有可电控光学特性的功能元件插入到所述玻璃窗单元中，所述功能元件包括活性层，在两个表面处透明的平面电极分配给所述活性层，和
•用于以电的方式对玻璃窗单元的光学特性进行控制的操控单元，所述操控单元与所述功能元件的平面电极连接并且被构造用于在平面电极之间施加具有第一频率的电压，
其中传感器单元被设置用于检测第二频率的包围玻璃窗单元的光束。
因此，设置传感器单元，所述传感器单元也可以集成在玻璃窗单元、复合板或建筑物或机动车板中。该传感器单元可以被设置用于将所检测的信号或数据转发给所述操控单元。
所述操控单元可以被设置用于评估所检测的数据和用于使所述第一频率与所述第二频率同步。
在一种优选的实施方式中，传感器单元布置在玻璃窗单元处。传感器单元具有光传感器、尤其是光电晶体管，其上限频率为至少160 Hz。
外板和内板优选地由玻璃制成，尤其是由钠钙玻璃制成，这对于窗户板是常见的。但是，板原则上也可以由其他玻璃类型（例如硼硅玻璃、石英玻璃、铝硅玻璃）或透明塑料（例如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯或聚碳酸酯）制成。外板和内板的厚度可以广泛地变化。优选地，使用具有在0.8 mm至5 mm、优选1.4 mm至2.5 mm的范围中的厚度的板，例如具有标准厚度1.6mm或2.1 mm的板。
外板、内板和热塑性中间层可以是明亮的和无色的，但是也可以是有色的或着色的。相应的挡风板在中心视野中必须具有足够的光透射，优选地根据ECE-R43在主透视区域A中至少70％。外板和内板可以彼此无关地不被预加应力、被部分预加应力或被预加应力。如果所述板中的至少一个应该具有预应力，则这可以是热或化学预应力。
外板、内板和/或中间层可以具有本身已知的其他合适的覆层，例如抗反射覆层、防黏覆层、防刮伤覆层、光催化覆层或遮阳覆层或低辐射覆层。
玻璃窗单元可以通过本身已知的方法制造。外板和内板经由中间层彼此被层压，例如通过压蒸方法、真空袋方法、真空环方法、压延方法、真空层压机或其组合。外板和内板的连接在此通常在热、真空和/或压力的作用下进行。
根据本发明的另一方面，描述具有根据本发明的玻璃窗装置的交通工具、尤其是载客汽车（PKW）。
本发明的另一方面包括根据本发明的玻璃窗装置在用于陆上、空中或水上交通的运输工具中、尤其是在机动车中例如作为挡风板、后窗板、侧窗板和/或顶窗板以及作为功能性单件以及作为在家具、设备和建筑物中的装入式零件的用途。
附图说明
下面根据附图和实施例更详细地阐述本发明。所述附图是示意图并且不是按正确比例绘制的。附图不以任何方式限制本发明。
图1示出来自现有技术的透明度和施加在PDLC功能元件上的电压的变化过程，
图2示出来自现有技术的施加在PDLC功能元件上的电压的变化过程以及外部光源的强度的变化过程，
图3示出根据本发明的一种扩展方案的示意性装置，
图4示出通过根据本发明的玻璃窗单元的横截面，以及
图5示出示范性方法流程。
具体实施方式
具有数值的说明通常不应被理解为精确值，而是也包含+/-1％直至+/-10％的公差。
图3示出根据本发明的示意性玻璃窗装置100。示出传感器单元4、尤其是光传感器，其与操控单元9连接。操控单元9（在机动车中也称为ECU）给PDLC功能元件8供应供电电压，并且被设置用于控制所述PDLC功能元件8。为此，操控单元9与PDLC功能元件8连接并且尤其是与PDLC功能元件8的两个透明PDLC平面电极连接。供电电压是具有带有第一频率F1的周期性信号变化过程的电压、尤其是交流电压。
传感器单元4检测PDLC功能元件8的通过光源11（LED）产生的环境光，并且将信号传导给操控单元9用于评估。为了评估信号，操控单元9具有微处理器。环境光由发光物、例如LED产生。环境光的光束具有第二频率F2。
在该操控单元9中，将第一频率F1与第二频率F2进行比较。如果在第一频率F1和第二频率F2之间确定出差，则改变第一频率F1并且使其适配于第二频率F2。
此外，传感器单元4可以重复地以规则的时间间隔对环境光进行采样。
图4示出具有集成的传感器单元4的根据本发明的玻璃窗单元10的一种扩展方案。玻璃窗单元10是复合板，所述复合板由（具有外侧表面I和内部空间侧表面II的）外板1和（具有外侧表面III和内部空间侧表面IV）的内板2构建。外板1经由热塑性中间层3以平面方式与内板2连接。外板1和内板2由钠钙玻璃构成并且具有例如 2.1 mm的厚度。中间层3由约0.76mm厚的由聚乙烯醇缩丁醛（PVB）制成的薄膜构造。玻璃窗单元10被设置为机动车的挡风板。
玻璃窗单元10在中心区域中装备有PDLC功能元件8，所述PDLC功能元件8插入到中间层3中。该中间层3包括总共三个热塑性层，所述热塑性层分别通过由PVB制成的具有约0.38 mm的厚度的热塑薄膜构造。第一热塑性层与外板1连接，第二热塑性层与内板2连接。位于中间的第三热塑性层基本上在所有侧处齐平地包围裁剪的PDLC功能元件8（PDLC多层薄膜）。因此，PDLC功能元件8在周围嵌入到热塑性材料中并且由此受到保护。
玻璃窗单元10装备有传感器单元4。传感器单元4可以由装备有光电晶体管的柔性印刷电路板5构成。印刷电路板5完全布置在玻璃窗单元10内。所述印刷电路板直接放在内板2的外侧表面上，并且经由中间层3与外板连接。所述印刷电路板具有两个电接线面（未示出），所述电接线面与作为接线电缆6的双极扁平导体的各一个极焊接。接线电缆6从复合板中延伸超出玻璃窗单元10的边。接线电缆6用于经由其他连接电缆（典型地圆形电缆）将印刷电路板5与操控单元9电连接。操控单元9分析传感器单元4的信号——从而操控单元9可以例如根据环境光的第二频率F2适配施加到PDLC功能元件上的电压的第一频率F1。
例如光电二极管也适合作为传感器单元4。所述光电二极管有利地具有小尺寸（高度0.55 mm，宽度1.6 mm，深度1.5 mm）和良好近似地模仿人眼的光谱灵敏度分布的光谱灵敏度分布。灵敏度最大值大约处于500 nm，并且在500 nm至600 nm的整个范围中，灵敏度为500 nm处的最大值的超过60％。由此确保由光传感器测量的光量也与由人类分类为相关的一致。
印刷电路板5是柔性印刷电路板，包括约150 μm厚的聚酰亚胺薄膜和压印于其上的印制导线。每个印刷电路板5均被成形为T形的，并且具有较细的引线分段和宽的端部分段（对应于“T的横梁”），其中所述引线分段朝向玻璃窗单元10的边。引线分段例如具有50mm的宽度和65 mm的长度。端部分段例如具有200 mm的宽度和15 mm的长度。传感器单元4布置在印刷电路板5的端部分段中，而引线分段用于与接线电缆6连接。两个未示出的接线面布置在引线分段的端部处，所述接线面对应于该系统在印制导线处的两个极并且分别与双极接线电缆6的极焊接。
如对于挡风板常见的那样，玻璃窗单元10具有框架状不透明的覆盖印刷物7。覆盖印刷物7被构造为外板1和内板2的内部空间侧表面上的经压印和煅烧的黑色搪瓷。所述印刷电路板5布置在覆盖印刷物7的区域中，使得所述印刷电路板既不从外部可见也不从内部可见。外板1上的外部覆盖印刷物7在传感器单元4的位置处具有空隙，使得光可以落到传感器单元4上，并且所述光传感器能够履行其功能。
图5示出根据本发明的方法的一种实施例，所述方法可以包括以下步骤：
•借助于操控单元9将具有第一频率F1的交流电压施加到平面电极上（步骤101），
•利用发光物（光源11）、例如LED照射所述玻璃窗单元10（步骤102），
•借助于传感器单元4检测通过发光物发射的光束（103），
•由传感器单元将所检测的信号转发给操控单元9（104），
•借助于操控单元9从所检测的信号中确定第二频率f2（105），
•借助于操控单元9将第一和第二频率F1、F2进行比较（步骤106），
•如果已经确定出第一频率F1和第二频率F2之间的差，则使所述第一频率F1适配于第二频率F2，并且以经改变的第一频率F1操控PDLC功能元件（步骤107）。
根据本发明，利用根据本发明的方法提供玻璃窗装置，所述玻璃窗装置在光学性能和美学外观方面能够被改善并且相对于已知的玻璃窗装置能够进一步被优化。能够利用功能元件来实现几乎无闪烁的玻璃窗单元。该结果对本领域技术人员是出乎意料的和令人惊讶的。
附图标记列表
1 外板
2 内板
3 热塑性中间层
4 传感器单元
5 印刷电路板
6 接线电缆/扁平导体
7 不透明的覆盖印刷物
8 PDLC功能元件
9 操控单元
10 玻璃窗单元
11 光源
100 玻璃窗装置。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于以电的方式对具有可电控光学特性的至少一个功能元件（8）进行控制的方法，其中
•借助于操控单元（9）控制所述光学特性，其中所述操控单元（9）与所述功能元件（8）的至少两个透明的平面电极连接，
•借助于所述操控单元（9）在所述平面电极之间施加电压，
其中所述电压具有带有可变地可调整的第一频率的周期性信号变化过程，并且玻璃窗单元（10）由第二频率的光束包围，并且其中借助于传感器单元（4）检测所述光束并且根据所述第二频率改变所述第一频率，其中使所述第一频率与所述第二频率同步。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述功能元件插入玻璃窗单元（10）中，其中所述玻璃窗单元（10）包括外板（1）和内板（2），所述外板和内板经由热塑性中间层（3）相互连接。
3.根据权利要求1或2中任一项所述的方法，其中借助于光传感器、尤其是光电晶体管探测所述第二频率。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其中所述传感器单元（4）是玻璃窗单元（10）的一部分。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其中由所述传感器单元（4）探测的信号被转发给所述操控单元（9）。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其中借助于所述操控单元（9）将所述第一频率与所述第二频率进行比较。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其中如果已经确定出所述第一频率和所述第二频率之间的差，则使所述第一频率适配于所述第二频率。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，其中所述功能元件（8）是PDLC功能元件，所述PDLC功能元件使玻璃窗单元（10）在电压供应装置被接通时至少局部地显得透明并且在电压供应装置被关断时显得不透明。
9.一种用于执行根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法的交通工具或建筑物的玻璃窗装置（100），至少包括：
•具有可电控光学特性的玻璃窗单元（10），所述玻璃窗单元包括外板（1）和内板（2），所述外板和内板经由热塑性中间层（3）相互连接，并且具有可电控光学特性的功能元件（8）插入到所述玻璃窗单元中，所述功能元件包括活性层，在两个表面处透明的平面电极分配给所述活性层，和
•用于以电的方式对所述玻璃窗单元（10）的光学特性进行控制的操控单元（9），所述操控单元（9）与所述功能元件（8）的平面电极连接，并且被构造用于在所述平面电极之间施加具有第一频率的电压，
其中传感器单元（4）被设置用于检测第二频率的包围所述玻璃窗单元（10）的光束。
10.根据权利要求9所述的玻璃窗装置，其特征在于，所述操控单元（9）被设置用于使所述第一频率与所述第二频率同步。
11.根据权利要求9或10中任一项所述的玻璃窗装置，其特征在于，所述传感器单元（4）被设置用于将所检测的数据转发给所述操控单元（9），并且所述操控单元（9）被设置用于评估所检测的数据。
12.根据权利要求9至11中任一项所述的玻璃窗装置，其特征在于，所述传感器单元（4）布置在所述玻璃窗单元（10）处。
13.根据权利要求9至12中任一项所述的玻璃窗装置，其特征在于，所述传感器单元（4）具有光传感器、尤其是光电晶体管。
14.根据权利要求9至13中任一项所述的玻璃窗装置，其特征在于，光源（11）、尤其是LED模块被设置用于生成包围所述玻璃窗装置的光束。
15.一种交通工具、尤其是载客汽车，具有根据权利要求9所述的玻璃窗装置（100）。
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