CN114188693A - Vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna, radar and vehicle - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna, radar and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN114188693A CN114188693A CN202111517395.9A CN202111517395A CN114188693A CN 114188693 A CN114188693 A CN 114188693A CN 202111517395 A CN202111517395 A CN 202111517395A CN 114188693 A CN114188693 A CN 114188693A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/002—Protection against seismic waves, thermal radiation or other disturbances, e.g. nuclear explosion; Arrangements for improving the power handling capability of an antenna
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/023—Interference mitigation, e.g. reducing or avoiding non-intentional interference with other HF-transmitters, base station transmitters for mobile communication or other radar systems, e.g. using electro-magnetic interference [EMI] reduction techniques
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
- H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna, a radar and a vehicle, wherein the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna comprises: 1 power division feed network with n, wherein n is a natural number more than 2; the power divider feed network comprises n single-row antenna arrays, wherein each single-row antenna array is correspondingly connected with 1 output end of the power divider feed network, each single-row antenna array is formed by connecting k antenna radiation units in series through a microstrip line, and k is a natural number more than 3; and the upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section is connected with the antenna radiation unit at the tail end of the single-row antenna array, and the lower bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section is connected with the microstrip line. By adding the antenna design structure of the trapezoidal reflection matching section in front of the last antenna radiation unit, the side lobe level of the directional diagram can be reduced by about 2dB, the directional diagram of the antenna can be effectively optimized, the signal-to-noise ratio of the radar system is improved, and the anti-interference capability of the millimeter wave radar system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted antennas, in particular to a vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna, a radar and a vehicle.
Background
With the year-by-year improvement of automobile reserves in China and the continuous progress of automobile active safety technology, in recent years, an automobile intelligent auxiliary driving system almost becomes a standard system of a newly produced automobile model. The intelligent auxiliary driving system for the automobile greatly improves the driving experience of a driver due to the characteristics of real time, accuracy, high efficiency and the like, and becomes one of configuration systems which are very concerned by automobile consumers of a new generation.
The intelligent auxiliary driving system sensor scheme commonly adopted by the active safe driving technology for automobiles in the industry at present comprises the following steps: the system comprises a pure vision scheme integrating a plurality of cameras, a laser radar scheme integrating a plurality of laser radars, a fusion scheme adopting the cameras and the millimeter wave radars, and a pure radar scheme adopting a pure millimeter wave radar. The pure visual scheme represents that the vehicle type is a Tesla series vehicle type, but multiple accidents at home and abroad show that the multi-camera sensor scheme has failure risk; at present, due to high price of the laser radar, most of the schemes adopting a plurality of laser radars are assembled on some concepts or high-end vehicle types; the scheme of fusion of a camera and a millimeter wave radar and the scheme of pure radar of pure millimeter wave radar are the mainstream and large-scale scheme at present due to the obvious cost performance, the former is mainly assembled on some high-and-high-configuration vehicle types, and the latter is mainly configured on some entry-level vehicle types with an intelligent auxiliary driving system.
In the technical scheme of a plurality of intelligent driving assistance system sensors, the millimeter wave radar gradually becomes an indispensable important sensor by virtue of the characteristics of all-time and all-weather work. Compared with a vision and laser detector, the millimeter wave radar has the advantages of accurate distance measurement and speed measurement and less influence by the environment; and the weakness is that the resolution is relatively low and there are many interference points. The performance of the millimeter wave radar is mainly determined by the performance of a transceiving link, the performance of a processor and the performance of an algorithm, wherein an antenna is taken as a key device of the transceiving link and has obvious influence on the overall performance of the radar. It is desirable that the antenna pattern main lobe beam be symmetric, smooth, and have as low a side lobe as possible. The lower the antenna directional diagram side lobe is, the more the antenna radiation energy is concentrated, the higher the main lobe gain is, and the stronger the anti-interference capability of the radar is, so that the side lobe level of the antenna directional diagram is particularly concerned in the design process of the millimeter wave radar antenna.
At present, a vertical polarization antenna form of a series microstrip patch is mostly adopted in a millimeter wave radar, the number of antenna units is generally increased, and the radiation current of each antenna unit is distributed in a Taylor weighting mode, so that the side lobe level is reduced, and the method is effective, but has some limitations: firstly, in order to reduce the sidelobe level, the number of antenna radiating elements needs to be increased, and the distance between two radiating elements is at λ g/2(λ g is the wavelength in the medium), so that the size of the antenna is remarkably increased by increasing the number of radiating elements, and the size of the whole radar is further increased, which runs counter to the low-cost target; secondly, under the condition that the number of the radiation units is not increased remarkably, the width of the radiation units at the two ends of the antenna array is reduced, so that smaller current is distributed to the radiation units at the two ends of the array to achieve the purpose of reducing the level of the side lobe.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects, provides a vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna, a radar and a vehicle, and solves the technical problems that the signal gain of the millimeter wave radar antenna is not high and the sidelobe level is high in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above technical object, a first invention provides a vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna, which is an area array antenna and includes:
1 power division feed network with n, wherein n is a natural number more than 2;
the power distribution feed network comprises n single-row antenna arrays, wherein each single-row antenna array is correspondingly connected with 1 output end of the power distribution feed network, each single-row antenna array is formed by connecting k antenna radiation units in series through a microstrip line, and k is a natural number more than 3;
and the upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section is connected with the antenna radiation unit at the tail end of the single-row antenna array, and the lower bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section is connected with the microstrip line.
Compared with the prior art, the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna has the beneficial effects that: through the antenna design structure that increases a trapezoidal reflection matching section before last antenna radiation unit, under the condition that does not increase antenna radiation unit quantity, does not seriously reduce single-row antenna array both ends antenna element width, millimeter wave radar antenna's signal gain effect is outstanding, can reduce by about 2dB with directional diagram minor lobe level is whole, can optimize the antenna directional diagram effectively, improves radar system's signal-to-noise ratio, improves millimeter wave radar system's interference killing feature.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a ratio of a width of an upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section to a width of the microstrip line is between 0.9 and 1.1.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the width of the upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section is the same as the width of the microstrip line.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the width of the lower bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section is 3-5 times the width of the microstrip line.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the single column antenna array input is a 50 ohm microstrip line.
According to some embodiments of the invention, an impedance transformation section is provided between the 50 ohm microstrip line and the first of the antenna radiating elements.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, when k is an odd number, the widths of (k +1)/2 th antenna radiation units in the single-column antenna array among all the antenna radiation units are the largest, and the widths of the antenna radiation units of the single-column antenna array decrease from the middle to both ends in sequence.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, when k is an even number, the widths of the k/2 th and (k/2) +1 st antenna radiation elements in the single-column antenna array are equal, and the widths of all the antenna radiation elements are the largest, and the widths of the antenna radiation elements of the single-column antenna array decrease from the middle to both ends.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar, including a millimeter wave radar PCB, where the millimeter wave radar PCB includes a three-layer structure, a first layer is a ground copper foil, a second layer is a dielectric plate, and a third layer is an antenna structure layer, where the antenna structure layer includes the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna according to the first aspect, and a distance between adjacent antenna radiation units is close to a wavelength of the dielectric plate.
Compared with the prior art, the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar has the beneficial effects that: the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar comprises the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna according to the first aspect, and by adding the antenna design structure of the trapezoidal reflection matching section in front of the last antenna radiation unit, under the conditions that the number of the antenna radiation units is not increased and the widths of the antenna units at two ends of the single-row antenna array are not seriously reduced, the signal gain effect of the millimeter wave radar antenna is excellent, the side lobe level of a directional diagram can be integrally reduced by about 2dB, the antenna directional diagram can be effectively optimized, the signal-to-noise ratio of a radar system is improved, and the anti-interference capability of the millimeter wave radar system is improved.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle, including the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar according to the second aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the vehicle provided by the invention comprise: the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar in the second aspect is applied, the level of the side lobe can be effectively reduced, the automatic driving performance of the vehicle is improved, meanwhile, the cost of the radar in the automatic driving of the vehicle can be effectively reduced, and the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar has good practical value and economic value.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an area array antenna without a trapezoidal reflective matching section according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an end trapezoidal reflection matching of the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a one-to-three power division feed network structure of a vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention;
figure 5 is a linear array antenna pattern without a trapezoidal reflective matching section provided by another embodiment of the present invention;
figure 6 is a linear array antenna pattern with an added trapezoidal reflective matching section provided by another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating a comparison of the directions of two linear array antennas provided by another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is an area array antenna pattern without a trapezoidal reflective matching section provided by another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is an area array antenna pattern with an added trapezoidal reflective matching section provided by another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a comparison graph of two area array antenna patterns provided by another embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: the antenna comprises a power division feed network 110, a single-column antenna array 120, an antenna radiation unit 121, a microstrip line 122 and a trapezoidal reflection matching section 123.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
The invention provides a vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna which is an area array antenna, and by adding an antenna design structure of a trapezoidal reflection matching section before the last antenna radiation unit, the signal gain effect of the millimeter wave radar antenna is excellent under the conditions that the number of the antenna radiation units is not increased and the widths of the antenna units at two ends of a single-row antenna array are not seriously reduced, the side lobe level of a directional diagram can be integrally reduced by about 2dB, an antenna directional diagram can be effectively optimized, the signal-to-noise ratio of a radar system is improved, and the anti-interference capability of the millimeter wave radar system is improved.
The embodiments of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an area array antenna without a trapezoidal reflective matching section according to another embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an end trapezoidal reflection matching of the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 4 is a one-to-three power division feed network structure of a vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention.
In one embodiment, the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna is an area array antenna, including: a power division feed network 110 with 1 division n, wherein n is a natural number more than 2; n single-row antenna arrays 120, wherein each single-row antenna array 120 is correspondingly connected with 1 output end of the power division feed network 110, each single-row antenna array 120 is formed by connecting k antenna radiation units 121 in series through a microstrip line 122, and k is a natural number more than 3; and the upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is connected with the antenna radiation unit 121 at the tail end of the single-row antenna array 120, and the lower bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is connected with the microstrip line 122.
The vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna provided in this embodiment may have a structure of a one-to-three power division feed network 110, where n may also be 2, 4, 5, 6 or another natural number, k may be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or another natural number, and k is 15 in this embodiment. The antenna radiation units 121 and the microstrip lines 122 are connected and arranged, the antenna radiation units 121 and the microstrip lines 122 are arranged at intervals in a staggered manner, wherein the length of each antenna radiation unit 121 is slightly less than half of the wavelength of a medium, the medium refers to a medium plate of a PCB, and the lengths of the microstrip patches are different; the length of each microstrip line 122 is close to half of the medium wavelength, and the adjacent center distance of the antenna radiation unit 121 is close to one medium wavelength, so that the radiation broadside electric fields of the antenna radiation unit 121 can be superposed in phase, and the radiation performance of the antenna is enhanced.
The single-row antenna structure without the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 takes k as 15 as an example, and 15 antenna radiation units 121 form a single-row microstrip antenna linear array. The width of the middle antenna radiation unit 121 of the microstrip antenna is the largest, and the widths of the antenna radiation units 121 are reduced from the middle to two sides in sequence. Based on the requirement of reducing the sidelobe level of the microstrip antenna, the current amplitude distribution of each microstrip patch antenna needs to satisfy the taylor weighting form, and since the width of the antenna radiation unit 121 and the impedance value are in an inverse relationship, the width of the antenna radiation unit 121 also satisfies the taylor weighting form. The width of the middle antenna radiation unit 121 is 1.35mm, and taking the width of the middle unit as a reference, the widths of other antenna units normalize the width of the middle unit, so the normalization coefficient is: 0.347, 0.41, 0.524, 0.664, 0.8, 0.909, 0.977, 1, 0.977, 0.909, 0.8, 0.664, 0.524, 0.41, 0.347.
The end trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is mainly used to reduce the overall directional pattern side lobe level, and the operating principle of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 located before the endmost antenna unit is as follows: the current incident from the microstrip line 122 to the antenna unit at the end cannot be radiated out through the antenna unit completely, and a reflected electric field is generated at the end of the antenna and absorbed by the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123, so that the influence of the reflected electric field on other antenna units is reduced, and the level of the side lobe is reduced. The width of the upper bottom surface of the trapezoid is W2 and is consistent with the width of the microstrip line 122, the width of the lower bottom surface of the trapezoid is W1 and is about 3-5 times of the width of the microstrip line 122, the specific width is determined by actual simulation results, and the length of the trapezoid is L1 and is about a quarter of the dielectric wavelength.
Referring to fig. 5-10, fig. 5 is a linear array antenna pattern without a trapezoidal reflective matching section 123 provided by another embodiment of the present invention; figure 6 is a linear array antenna pattern with an added trapezoidal reflective matching section 123 provided by another embodiment of the present invention; fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating a comparison of the directions of two linear array antennas provided by another embodiment of the present invention; fig. 8 is an area array antenna pattern without a trapezoidal reflective matching section 123 provided by another embodiment of the present invention; fig. 9 is an area array antenna pattern with an added trapezoidal reflective matching section 123 provided by another embodiment of the present invention; fig. 10 is a comparison graph of two area array antenna patterns provided by another embodiment of the present invention.
The vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna of the embodiment has the advantages that the antenna design structure of the trapezoidal reflection matching section is added in front of the last antenna radiation unit 121, the number of the antenna radiation units 121 is not increased, the width of the antenna units at two ends of the single-row antenna array 120 is not seriously reduced, the signal gain effect of the millimeter wave radar antenna is excellent, the side lobe level of a directional diagram can be integrally reduced by about 2dB, the antenna directional diagram can be effectively optimized, the signal-to-noise ratio of a radar system is improved, and the anti-interference capability of the millimeter wave radar system is improved.
In one embodiment, the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna is an area array antenna, including: a power division feed network 110 with 1 division n, wherein n is a natural number more than 2; n single-row antenna arrays 120, wherein each single-row antenna array 120 is correspondingly connected with 1 output end of the power division feed network 110, each single-row antenna array 120 is formed by connecting k antenna radiation units 121 in series through a microstrip line 122, and k is a natural number more than 3; and the upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is connected with the antenna radiation unit 121 at the tail end of the single-row antenna array 120, and the lower bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is connected with the microstrip line 122. The ratio of the width of the upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 to the width of the microstrip line 122 is 0.9 to 1.1, and the ratio of the width of the upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 to the width of the microstrip line 122 may be 0.9 or 1.1.
In one embodiment, the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna is an area array antenna, including: a power division feed network 110 with 1 division n, wherein n is a natural number more than 2; n single-row antenna arrays 120, wherein each single-row antenna array 120 is correspondingly connected with 1 output end of the power division feed network 110, each single-row antenna array 120 is formed by connecting k antenna radiation units 121 in series through a microstrip line 122, and k is a natural number more than 3; and the upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is connected with the antenna radiation unit 121 at the tail end of the single-row antenna array 120, and the lower bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is connected with the microstrip line 122. The width of the upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is the same as the width of the microstrip line 122.
In one embodiment, the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna is an area array antenna, including: a power division feed network 110 with 1 division n, wherein n is a natural number more than 2; n single-row antenna arrays 120, wherein each single-row antenna array 120 is correspondingly connected with 1 output end of the power division feed network 110, each single-row antenna array 120 is formed by connecting k antenna radiation units 121 in series through a microstrip line 122, and k is a natural number more than 3; and the upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is connected with the antenna radiation unit 121 at the tail end of the single-row antenna array 120, and the lower bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is connected with the microstrip line 122. The width of the lower bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is 3-5 times the width of the microstrip line 122, and the width of the lower bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 may be 3 times or 5 times the width of the microstrip line 122.
In one embodiment, the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna is an area array antenna, including: a power division feed network 110 with 1 division n, wherein n is a natural number more than 2; n single-row antenna arrays 120, wherein each single-row antenna array 120 is correspondingly connected with 1 output end of the power division feed network 110, each single-row antenna array 120 is formed by connecting k antenna radiation units 121 in series through a microstrip line 122, and k is a natural number more than 3; and the upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is connected with the antenna radiation unit 121 at the tail end of the single-row antenna array 120, and the lower bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is connected with the microstrip line 122. The input end of the single-column antenna array 120 is a 50-ohm microstrip line 122.
In one embodiment, the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna is an area array antenna, including: a power division feed network 110 with 1 division n, wherein n is a natural number more than 2; n single-row antenna arrays 120, wherein each single-row antenna array 120 is correspondingly connected with 1 output end of the power division feed network 110, each single-row antenna array 120 is formed by connecting k antenna radiation units 121 in series through a microstrip line 122, and k is a natural number more than 3; and the upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is connected with the antenna radiation unit 121 at the tail end of the single-row antenna array 120, and the lower bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is connected with the microstrip line 122. The input end of the single-row antenna array 120 is a 50-ohm microstrip line 122, and an impedance transformation section is arranged between the 50-ohm microstrip line 122 and the first antenna radiation unit 121, so as to realize better impedance matching and wider operating bandwidth.
In one embodiment, the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna is an area array antenna, including: a power division feed network 110 with 1 division n, wherein n is a natural number more than 2; n single-row antenna arrays 120, wherein each single-row antenna array 120 is correspondingly connected with 1 output end of the power division feed network 110, each single-row antenna array 120 is formed by connecting k antenna radiation units 121 in series through a microstrip line 122, and k is a natural number more than 3; and the upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is connected with the antenna radiation unit 121 at the tail end of the single-row antenna array 120, and the lower bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is connected with the microstrip line 122. When k is an odd number, the width of the (k +1)/2 th antenna radiation element 121 in the single-column antenna array 120 among all the antenna radiation elements 121 is the largest, and the widths of the antenna radiation elements 121 of the single-column antenna array 120 decrease from the middle to the two ends.
When k is 15, the 8 th antenna radiation element 121 in the single-column antenna array 120 has the largest width among all the antenna radiation elements 121; when k is 17, the width of the 9 th antenna radiation element 121 in the single-column antenna array 120 is the largest among all the antenna radiation elements 121, and the widths of the antenna radiation elements 121 of the single-column antenna array 120 decrease from the middle to the two ends in sequence.
In one embodiment, the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna is an area array antenna, including: a power division feed network 110 with 1 division n, wherein n is a natural number more than 2; n single-row antenna arrays 120, wherein each single-row antenna array 120 is correspondingly connected with 1 output end of the power division feed network 110, each single-row antenna array 120 is formed by connecting k antenna radiation units 121 in series through a microstrip line 122, and k is a natural number more than 3; and the upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is connected with the antenna radiation unit 121 at the tail end of the single-row antenna array 120, and the lower bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is connected with the microstrip line 122. When k is even, the widths of the k/2 th and (k/2) +1 st antenna radiation elements 121 in the single-column antenna array 120 are equal, and the widths of all the antenna radiation elements 121 are the largest, and the widths of the antenna radiation elements 121 in the single-column antenna array 120 decrease from the middle to the two ends in sequence.
When k is 14, the widths of the 7 th and 8 th antenna radiation elements 121 in the single-column antenna array 120 are equal, and the width of the antenna radiation elements 121 is the largest; when k is 16, the widths of the 8 th antenna radiation element 121 and the 9 th antenna radiation element 121 in the single-column antenna array 120 are equal, the widths of all the antenna radiation elements 121 are the largest, and the widths of the antenna radiation elements 121 of the single-column antenna array 120 are sequentially reduced from the middle to the two ends.
In one embodiment, the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna is an area array antenna, including: a power division feed network 110 with 1 division n, wherein n is a natural number more than 2; n single-row antenna arrays 120, wherein each single-row antenna array 120 is correspondingly connected with 1 output end of the power division feed network 110, each single-row antenna array 120 is formed by connecting k antenna radiation units 121 in series through a microstrip line 122, and k is a natural number more than 3; and the upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is connected with the antenna radiation unit 121 at the tail end of the single-row antenna array 120, and the lower bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section 123 is connected with the microstrip line 122. When n is 3, the power distribution amplitude value of the port of the one-to-three power distribution feed network 110 satisfies the taylor weighting form, the one-to-three power distribution feed network 110 includes a plurality of "bow" shaped structures for connecting the single-row antenna array 120, and the input and output ports of the one-to-three power distribution feed network 110 are both 50-ohm microstrip lines 122, which are convenient for being directly connected with the 50-ohm single-row antenna array 120.
The invention also provides a vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar which comprises a millimeter wave radar PCB, wherein the millimeter wave radar PCB comprises a three-layer structure, the first layer is a grounding copper foil, the second layer is a dielectric plate which can be Rogers 3003 series dielectric plates, the third layer is an antenna structure layer, the antenna structure layer comprises the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna, and the distance between adjacent antenna radiation units 121 is close to the wavelength of one dielectric plate. The first layer is a large grounding copper foil, and the thickness of the copper foil can be selected from 18 mu m or 35 mu m electrolytic copper foil with ultralow surface roughness; the second layer is a Rogers 3003 dielectric slab with the thickness of 5 mils; the third layer is a copper foil of the microstrip antenna layer, and the thickness of the copper foil can be selected from 18 mu m or 35 mu m electrolytic copper foil with ultralow surface roughness.
The vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar comprises the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna as the first aspect, and by adding the antenna design structure of the trapezoidal reflection matching section before the last antenna radiation unit 121, the signal gain effect of the millimeter wave radar antenna is excellent under the conditions that the number of the antenna radiation units 121 is not increased and the widths of the antenna units at two ends of the single-row antenna array 120 are not seriously reduced, the level of a directional diagram side lobe can be integrally reduced by about 2dB, an antenna directional diagram can be effectively optimized, the signal-to-noise ratio of a radar system is improved, and the anti-interference capability of the millimeter wave radar system is improved.
The invention also provides a vehicle which comprises the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar, the level of the side lobe can be effectively reduced, the automatic driving performance of the vehicle is improved, meanwhile, the cost of the radar for automatic driving of the vehicle can be effectively reduced, and the vehicle has good practical value and economic value.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention. The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna, is area array antenna, its characterized in that includes:
1 power division feed network with n, wherein n is a natural number more than 2;
the power distribution feed network comprises n single-row antenna arrays, wherein each single-row antenna array is correspondingly connected with 1 output end of the power distribution feed network, each single-row antenna array is formed by connecting k antenna radiation units in series through a microstrip line, and k is a natural number more than 3;
and the upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section is connected with the antenna radiation unit at the tail end of the single-row antenna array, and the lower bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section is connected with the microstrip line.
2. The vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of a width of an upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section to a width of the microstrip line is between 0.9 and 1.1.
3. The vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna according to claim 2, wherein a width of an upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section is the same as a width of the microstrip line.
4. The vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a width of a lower bottom surface of the trapezoidal reflection matching section is 3 to 5 times a width of the microstrip line.
5. The vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna of claim 1, wherein the single column antenna array input is a 50 ohm microstrip line.
6. The vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna according to claim 5, wherein an impedance conversion section is provided between the 50 ohm microstrip line and a leading one of the antenna radiation units.
7. The vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna according to claim 1, wherein when k is an odd number, the widths of (k +1)/2 th antenna radiation units in the single-column antenna array among all the antenna radiation units are the largest, and the widths of the antenna radiation units in the single-column antenna array are sequentially reduced from the middle to two ends.
8. The vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna according to claim 1, wherein when k is an even number, the widths of the k/2 th and (k/2) +1 th antenna radiation elements in the single-column antenna array are equal, and the widths of all the antenna radiation elements are the largest, and the widths of the antenna radiation elements of the single-column antenna array are sequentially reduced from the middle to two ends.
9. A vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar comprising a millimeter wave radar PCB, wherein the millimeter wave radar PCB comprises a three-layer structure, a first layer is a grounding copper foil, a second layer is a dielectric plate, and a third layer is an antenna structure layer, the antenna structure layer comprises the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and a distance between adjacent antenna radiation units is close to a wavelength of the dielectric plate.
10. A vehicle comprising an in-vehicle millimeter-wave radar according to claim 9.
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| CN202111517395.9A CN114188693A (en) | 2021-12-13 | 2021-12-13 | Vehicle-mounted millimeter wave radar antenna, radar and vehicle |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114976612A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-08-30 | 长沙莫之比智能科技有限公司 | High-gain small-size millimeter wave array antenna and radar |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114976612A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-08-30 | 长沙莫之比智能科技有限公司 | High-gain small-size millimeter wave array antenna and radar |
| CN114976612B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2024-05-14 | 长沙莫之比智能科技有限公司 | High-gain small-size millimeter wave array antenna and radar |
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