CN114188689A - Broadband receiving and transmitting shared coaxial waveguide duplexer - Google Patents
Broadband receiving and transmitting shared coaxial waveguide duplexer Download PDFInfo
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- CN114188689A CN114188689A CN202111439077.5A CN202111439077A CN114188689A CN 114188689 A CN114188689 A CN 114188689A CN 202111439077 A CN202111439077 A CN 202111439077A CN 114188689 A CN114188689 A CN 114188689A
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- coaxial waveguide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
- Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband transceiving shared coaxial waveguide duplexer, and belongs to the technical field of microwave antennas. The broadband transceiving shared coaxial waveguide duplexer comprises a low-frequency-band coupling waveguide, a short-circuit piece, a cross revolving door, an E-surface T-shaped synthesizer and a waveguide load, wherein a coupling hole for transmitting a low-frequency signal is formed in an outer waveguide of a coaxial waveguide and is connected with the low-frequency coupling waveguide, a groove seam is also formed in the outer waveguide of the coaxial waveguide and is used for placing the short-circuit piece, an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between the groove seam and the coupling hole for transmitting the low-frequency signal, the outer waveguide of the coaxial waveguide is connected with a round port of the cross revolving door, an inner waveguide of the coaxial waveguide is arranged in the outer waveguide of the coaxial waveguide and the cross revolving door, axes of the inner waveguide of the coaxial waveguide and the outer waveguide of the coaxial waveguide are coincided, the cross revolving door is provided with four coupling ports, two ports which are in polarization orthogonality with the coupling hole for transmitting the low-frequency signal are synthesized by the E-surface T-shaped synthesizer, and the other two ports are connected with the waveguide load. The broadband transceiving shared coaxial waveguide duplexer has the characteristics of compact structure and miniaturization, and the application of a small-caliber transceiving shared antenna can be met under the same working frequency band condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave antennas, in particular to a broadband transmitting-receiving shared coaxial waveguide duplexer.
Background
With the rapid development of science and technology, the application of satellite communication becomes more and more extensive, and due to the extreme shortage of frequency resources, the use bandwidth of the satellite communication reflector antenna is expanded by utilizing various multiplexing technologies, so that the satellite communication can realize the common use of a plurality of frequency bands, and the functions are mainly completed by a feed system. At present, the satellite communication antenna is developed towards multi-polarization, multi-frequency band, broadband and the like, and simultaneously, the requirements of miniaturization, light weight, low manufacturing cost and the like are also met.
The waveguide feed device is an important component of a feed system, in modern communication technology, the performance of a duplexer plays a crucial role in the whole system, the duplexer can not only enable signals to achieve the purposes of frequency division and polarization division, but also solve the problem that a transceiver shares a pair of antennas, simultaneously realize the separation of transmitting and receiving signals, connect the antennas and the transmitting and receiving system, influence the radiation performance of a feed system, and have increasingly wide application in satellite communication, measurement and control, military electronic countermeasure and the like. The duplexer can be formed by two filters working in different frequency bands and a common joint, and can also be formed by loading a filter on a branch port of the orthogonal mode coupler.
When the receiving and transmitting frequencies in a certain frequency band or a dual frequency band are far apart on the frequency spectrum, the dual frequency feed source is actually regarded as a tri-frequency feed source or a quad-frequency feed source, and in order to realize high isolation between high and low frequency bands, a coaxial waveguide hybrid feed structure is mostly adopted, wherein a coaxial waveguide channel transmits low-frequency band signals, and a coaxial inner waveguide realizes transmission of high-frequency band signals. The traditional coaxial duplexer can only realize polarization duplexing of working frequency in a low-frequency signal channel and cannot realize transceiving duplexing of the frequency band.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a broadband transceiving shared coaxial waveguide duplexer. The duplexer. The invention realizes the separation of receiving and transmitting, can meet the application of a receiving and transmitting sharing system in the field of reflecting surface antennas of satellite communication, radar, radio astronomy and the like, has the characteristics of compact structure and miniaturization, and can meet the application of a small-caliber receiving and transmitting sharing antenna under the condition of the same working frequency band.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a broadband receiving and dispatching shared coaxial waveguide duplexer comprises a coaxial waveguide inner waveguide and a coaxial waveguide outer waveguide, and is characterized by also comprising a low-frequency-band coupling waveguide, a short-circuit plate, a cross revolving door, an E-plane T-shaped synthesizer and a waveguide load; the coaxial outer waveguide is sequentially provided with a coupling hole for transmitting a low-frequency signal and a slot for placing a short-circuit piece along the transmission direction of a waveguide signal, wherein the coupling hole is connected with the low-frequency-band coupling waveguide;
the circular waveguide port of the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide is connected with the circular waveguide port of the cross revolving door; the coaxial waveguide inner waveguide is positioned in the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide and the cross revolving door, and the axes of the coaxial waveguide inner waveguide and the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide are overlapped; two opposite ports in the cross revolving door are respectively connected with two H-surface curved waveguide ports of the E-surface T-shaped synthesizer, and the other two ports of the cross revolving door are connected with a waveguide load;
two slots are arranged; the connecting line of the two slots passes through the axis of the waveguide in the coaxial waveguide and is perpendicular to the axis of the waveguide in the coaxial waveguide; the two short-circuit pieces are respectively positioned in the corresponding slots and are in contact with the waveguides in the coaxial waveguides.
Furthermore, the connecting line of the coupling hole and the axis of the coaxial waveguide inner waveguide and the connecting line of the slot and the coaxial waveguide inner waveguide form an included angle of 90 degrees.
Further, a tuning cavity for impedance matching and high-frequency signal suppression is loaded in the low-frequency-band coupling waveguide.
Furthermore, the coaxial waveguide inner waveguide comprises a circular waveguide and a frustum connected with the end part of the circular waveguide, and a flange plate is arranged on the large end surface of the frustum.
Furthermore, a transition waveguide is arranged at a circular waveguide port of the cross revolving door, and the transition waveguide is of a step structure or a curve structure.
Further, the E-plane T-type combiner includes a first H-plane waveguide, a second H-plane waveguide, and a T-type combiner.
Further, the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide is also provided with a threaded hole for matching and adjusting; and the connecting line of the threaded hole and the slot on the same side is parallel to the axis of the waveguide in the coaxial waveguide.
The invention adopts the technical scheme to produce the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention realizes the receiving and transmitting shared function mainly by coupling out the receiving and transmitting frequency bands at different positions of the coaxial waveguide, the isolation of the receiving and transmitting frequency bands is realized by a short-circuit piece between two ports, and the low-frequency band signal coupling waveguide and the high-frequency band signal coupling waveguide form a 90-degree included angle, thereby overcoming the defect that the two polarizations of the existing coaxial orthogonal mode coupler work at the same frequency and realizing the receiving and transmitting separation.
2. The isolation of two orthogonal polarization signals is realized through the short-circuit sheet in the coaxial waveguide, wherein one polarization is a low-frequency transmission signal and is transmitted through the coupling hole in the outer waveguide wall in front of the short-circuit sheet, and the coupling waveguide connected with the coupling hole has a filter structure, so that the suppression of high-frequency signals is realized; the other polarization is full bandwidth signal covering low frequency and high frequency, transmitted by coaxial cross-shaped revolving door structure behind the short circuit piece, and two coupling waveguides matched with the polarization are synthesized by an E-plane T-shaped synthesizer. The antenna has the advantages of simple and compact structure, miniaturization, excellent electrical property and suitability for application in a smaller-caliber reflector antenna.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an external waveguide of a coaxial waveguide in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a low band coupled waveguide in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a waveguide within a coaxial waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view and a sectional view of a turnstile according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an E-plane T-synthesizer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a waveguide loading diagram of an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a receive port reflection coefficient of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a transmit port reflection coefficient for an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: the waveguide structure comprises an external coaxial waveguide-1, a low-frequency band coupling waveguide-2, an internal coaxial waveguide-3, a short-circuit sheet-4, a cross revolving door-5, an E-surface T-shaped synthesizer-6, a waveguide load-7, a coupling hole-8, a slot-9, a threaded hole-10, a tuning cavity-11, a circular waveguide-12, a frustum-13, a transition waveguide-14, a first H-surface bent waveguide-15, a second H-surface bent waveguide-16, a T-shaped synthesizer-17 and a wave-absorbing material-18.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
A broadband transceiving shared coaxial waveguide duplexer comprises a coaxial waveguide outer waveguide, a low-frequency-band coupling waveguide, a coaxial waveguide inner waveguide, a short-circuit plate, a cross revolving door, an E-surface T-shaped synthesizer and a waveguide load; the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide is provided with a coupling hole for transmitting a low-frequency signal and two slots for placing a short-circuit piece, and the coupling hole of the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide is connected with the low-frequency section coupling waveguide; the circular waveguide port of the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide is connected with the circular waveguide port of the cross revolving door; the coaxial waveguide inner waveguide is arranged in the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide and the cross revolving door, the axes of the coaxial waveguide inner waveguide and the cross revolving door coincide, two opposite ports in the cross revolving door are respectively connected with the ports of two H-surface bent waveguides of the E-surface T-shaped synthesizer, and the other two ports in the cross revolving door are connected with a waveguide load.
The isolation of two orthogonal polarization signals is realized through a short-circuit sheet in the coaxial waveguide, wherein one polarization is a low-frequency transmission signal and is transmitted through a coupling hole in the outer waveguide wall in front of the short-circuit sheet, and the coupling waveguide connected with the coupling hole has a filter structure, so that the suppression of high-frequency signals is realized; the other polarization is full bandwidth signal covering low frequency and high frequency, transmitted by coaxial cross-shaped revolving door structure behind the short circuit piece, and two coupling waveguides matched with the polarization are synthesized by an E-plane T-shaped synthesizer.
Furthermore, the coupling hole on the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide forms a 90-degree included angle with the slot, and two opposite threaded holes are formed in the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide and the slot on the same plane, so that a screw can be inserted for matching adjustment.
Furthermore, a tuning cavity is loaded in the low-frequency-band coupling waveguide, and the functions of impedance matching and high-frequency signal suppression are achieved.
Furthermore, the coaxial waveguide inner waveguide consists of a circular waveguide and a frustum, and a flange is arranged at the lower end of the frustum.
Furthermore, the circular waveguide part of the turnstile is provided with a transition waveguide, and the transition waveguide can be stepped or curved.
Furthermore, the E-surface T-shaped synthesizer consists of an H-surface curved waveguide and a T-shaped synthesizer.
Furthermore, the coaxial circular waveguide can enable the working frequency to be well transmitted.
The following is a more specific example:
referring to fig. 1 to 7, a broadband transceiving shared coaxial waveguide duplexer is provided, which includes a coaxial waveguide outer waveguide 1, a low-band coupling waveguide 2, a coaxial waveguide inner waveguide 3, a shorting strip 4, a cross gate 5, an E-plane T-type combiner 6, and a waveguide load 7.
The coaxial waveguide outer waveguide is provided with a coupling hole 8 for transmitting low-frequency signals and two slots 9 for placing short-circuit pieces, the size of the coupling hole is obtained by optimization, the width of each slot is generally larger than 1mm, and the length of each slot is larger than 0.25 lambda of the low-frequency working frequency.
The coupling hole on the outer waveguide of the coaxial waveguide is connected with the low-frequency-band coupling waveguide;
the low-frequency-band coupling waveguide is loaded with a tuning cavity 11, and simultaneously plays a role in impedance matching and high-frequency signal suppression.
The two short-circuit pieces are symmetrical about the axis of the coaxial waveguide, are arranged at the slot of the coaxial outer waveguide and are in good contact with the coaxial inner waveguide.
The circular waveguide port of the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide is connected with the circular waveguide port of the cross revolving door;
the short-circuit piece is arranged between the coupling hole on the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide and the port of the cross revolving door circular waveguide.
The coaxial waveguide inner waveguide is arranged in the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide and the cross revolving door, and the axes of the coaxial waveguide inner waveguide and the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide are overlapped.
The diameter of the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide and the diameter of the coaxial waveguide inner waveguide are selected based on the principle that the working frequency is more than 1.1 times of the cutoff frequency of the coaxial waveguide.
Two opposite ports in the cross revolving door are respectively connected with the ports of two H-surface curved waveguides of the E-surface T-shaped synthesizer, and the other two ports in the cross revolving door are connected with a waveguide load.
The coupling hole on the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide forms an included angle of 90 degrees with the slot, and two opposite threaded holes 10 are formed in the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide and the slot on the same plane, so that a screw can be inserted for matching and adjusting.
The coaxial waveguide inner waveguide consists of a circular waveguide 12 and a frustum 13, and a flange is arranged at the bottom end of the frustum.
The circular waveguide portion of the turnstile is provided with a transition waveguide 14, which may be stepped or curved.
The E-plane T-shaped synthesizer consists of a first H-plane curved waveguide 15, a second H-plane curved waveguide 16 and a T-shaped synthesizer 17.
The connection mode among all the parts can be realized by flange connection or by adopting an integral processing technique.
The waveguide load comprises a rectangular waveguide cavity, and wave-absorbing materials 18 are arranged in the rectangular waveguide cavity.
FIG. 8 illustrates the internal reflection coefficient of the low frequency coupled port of the present invention is < -21dB at 3.625GHz-4.8 GH.
FIG. 9 illustrates that the reflection coefficient of the E-plane T-shaped composite port of the invention is < -20dB in 3.625GHz-6.725GHz, and the E-plane T-shaped composite port can cover the C-band transceiving frequency band and has a broadband characteristic.
The invention has the following brief working principle:
the separation of two orthogonal polarization signals is realized through the short-circuit sheet in the coaxial waveguide, wherein one polarization is a low-frequency transmission signal and is transmitted by the coupling hole on the outer waveguide wall in front of the short-circuit sheet, and the coupling waveguide connected with the coupling hole has a filter structure, so that the suppression of high-frequency signals is realized; the other polarization is full-bandwidth signals covering low frequency and high frequency, the signals are transmitted by a coaxial cross-shaped revolving door structure behind the short-circuit sheet, two coupling waveguides matched with the polarization are synthesized by an E-surface T-shaped synthesizer, and the two coupling waveguides orthogonal to the polarization are connected with an absorption load.
Claims (7)
1. A broadband receiving and dispatching shared coaxial waveguide duplexer comprises a coaxial waveguide inner waveguide and a coaxial waveguide outer waveguide, and is characterized by also comprising a low-frequency-band coupling waveguide, a short-circuit plate, a cross revolving door, an E-plane T-shaped synthesizer and a waveguide load; the coaxial outer waveguide is sequentially provided with a coupling hole for transmitting a low-frequency signal and a slot for placing a short-circuit piece along the transmission direction of a waveguide signal, wherein the coupling hole is connected with the low-frequency-band coupling waveguide;
the circular waveguide port of the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide is connected with the circular waveguide port of the cross revolving door; the coaxial waveguide inner waveguide is positioned in the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide and the cross revolving door, and the axes of the coaxial waveguide inner waveguide and the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide are overlapped; two opposite ports in the cross revolving door are respectively connected with two H-surface curved waveguide ports of the E-surface T-shaped synthesizer, and the other two ports of the cross revolving door are connected with a waveguide load;
two slots are arranged; the connecting line of the two slots passes through the axis of the waveguide in the coaxial waveguide and is perpendicular to the axis of the waveguide in the coaxial waveguide; the two short-circuit pieces are respectively positioned in the corresponding slots and are in contact with the waveguides in the coaxial waveguides.
2. The broadband transceiving shared coaxial waveguide duplexer according to claim 1, wherein an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between a connection line of the coupling hole and the axis of the coaxial waveguide inner waveguide and between a connection line of the slot and the coaxial waveguide inner waveguide.
3. The duplexer of claim 1, wherein the low-band coupling waveguide is loaded with a tuning cavity for impedance matching and high-frequency signal rejection.
4. The duplexer of claim 1, wherein the inner waveguide of the coaxial waveguide comprises a circular waveguide and a frustum connected to an end of the circular waveguide, and a flange is disposed on a large end surface of the frustum.
5. The broadband transceiving shared coaxial waveguide duplexer according to claim 1, wherein a transition waveguide is arranged at a circular waveguide port of the turnstile, and the transition waveguide has a step structure or a curved structure.
6. The duplexer of claim 1, wherein the E-plane T-type combiner comprises a first H-plane waveguide, a second H-plane waveguide, and a T-type combiner.
7. The broadband transceiving shared coaxial waveguide duplexer according to claim 1, wherein the coaxial waveguide outer waveguide is further provided with a threaded hole for matching adjustment; and the connecting line of the threaded hole and the slot on the same side is parallel to the axis of the waveguide in the coaxial waveguide.
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| CN202111439077.5A CN114188689B (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2021-11-30 | Broadband receiving and transmitting shared coaxial waveguide duplexer |
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| CN202111439077.5A CN114188689B (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2021-11-30 | Broadband receiving and transmitting shared coaxial waveguide duplexer |
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| CN114188689B CN114188689B (en) | 2022-09-16 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114824753A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-07-29 | 宁波大学 | Cosecant square antenna |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3508277A (en) * | 1966-05-27 | 1970-04-21 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Coaxial horns with cross-polarized feeds of different frequencies |
| US20020097111A1 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2002-07-25 | Holden Richard H. | Radio frequency antenna feed structures |
| US20110254640A1 (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2011-10-20 | Astrium Gmbh | Diplexer for a Reflector Antenna |
| CN203871478U (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2014-10-08 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Compact type C frequency band receiving-transmitting shared dual-circularly polarized feed source assembly |
| US20150054702A1 (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2015-02-26 | Honeywell International Inc. | Suppressing modes in an antenna feed including a coaxial waveguide |
| US20210242587A1 (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2021-08-05 | Nokia Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd. | Multiband antenna feed |
-
2021
- 2021-11-30 CN CN202111439077.5A patent/CN114188689B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3508277A (en) * | 1966-05-27 | 1970-04-21 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Coaxial horns with cross-polarized feeds of different frequencies |
| US20020097111A1 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2002-07-25 | Holden Richard H. | Radio frequency antenna feed structures |
| US20110254640A1 (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2011-10-20 | Astrium Gmbh | Diplexer for a Reflector Antenna |
| US20150054702A1 (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2015-02-26 | Honeywell International Inc. | Suppressing modes in an antenna feed including a coaxial waveguide |
| CN203871478U (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2014-10-08 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Compact type C frequency band receiving-transmitting shared dual-circularly polarized feed source assembly |
| US20210242587A1 (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2021-08-05 | Nokia Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd. | Multiband antenna feed |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114824753A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-07-29 | 宁波大学 | Cosecant square antenna |
| CN114824753B (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2023-12-05 | 宁波大学 | Secant square antenna |
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| CN114188689B (en) | 2022-09-16 |
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