CN114188564A - Heat extraction system of fuel cell - Google Patents
Heat extraction system of fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN114188564A CN114188564A CN202111503089.XA CN202111503089A CN114188564A CN 114188564 A CN114188564 A CN 114188564A CN 202111503089 A CN202111503089 A CN 202111503089A CN 114188564 A CN114188564 A CN 114188564A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04723—Temperature of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04768—Pressure; Flow of the coolant
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat extraction system of a fuel cell, belonging to the technical field of fuel cells and comprising: a heat exchange cavity disposed at an upper end of the fuel cell, the heat exchange cavity having an inlet and an outlet; one end of the heat conducting plate is arranged in the fuel cell and serves as a heat conducting end, and the other end of the heat conducting plate extends into the heat exchange cavity and serves as a heat exchange end; a first heat exchange branch; a plurality of heat exchange channels arranged in parallel are arranged on the first heat exchange branch; each heat exchange channel is provided with a first heat conduction piece, and the plurality of first heat conduction pieces are respectively arranged on a plurality of moving parts of the vehicle; each first heat-conducting member is provided with a medium channel; and the second pump body is arranged on the first heat exchange branch. The invention exchanges heat with the easily worn moving parts of the vehicle by the heat emitted by the fuel cell, thereby fully utilizing the waste heat generated by the fuel cell, prolonging the time that the easily worn moving parts of the vehicle are at proper working temperature and prolonging the service life of the vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a heat extraction system of a fuel cell.
Background
With the increasing of the global population and the problems of environmental pollution, energy exhaustion and the like brought by economic development, harmonious and harmonious interpersonal relationship between human and nature, sustainable development and the like become the main body of the development of times, the transition from the traditional non-renewable energy to the development of sustainable clean energy is gradually paid more attention by people in the aspect of energy utilization, in the research of a plurality of new energy, a fuel cell is a high-efficiency and clean energy and is also applied in the field of automobiles, but the fuel cell can generate a large amount of heat during working and needs to be provided with a heat exchange device for heat exchange, but the heat exchange device commonly used by the fuel cell at present can directly exchange heat through a heat exchanger, the heat exchange method directly dissipates the heat into the air, so that great waste is caused, and the vehicle runs at lower temperature, and all moving parts are in a low-temperature state, so the abrasion loss is the largest at the moment, this phenomenon is more evident especially in winter, vehicle wear being one of the main factors that cause vehicle failure; when the temperature between vehicle parts rises after operation, the abrasion loss also gradually increases, such as a braking system of the vehicle, and the prior art has no device for adjusting the operation temperature of each moving part of the vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a heat extraction system of a fuel cell, which adjusts the temperature of relevant moving parts of a vehicle through a heat exchange system of the fuel cell so as to improve the utilization rate of heat energy of the heat exchange system of the fuel cell and improve the overall performance of the vehicle. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a heat rejection system for a fuel cell, comprising:
a heat exchange chamber disposed at an upper end of the fuel cell, the heat exchange chamber having an inlet and an outlet;
one end of the heat conducting plate is arranged in the fuel cell and serves as a heat conducting end, and the other end of the heat conducting plate extends into the heat exchange cavity and serves as a heat exchange end;
a first end of the first heat exchange branch is communicated with the outlet, and a second end of the first heat exchange branch is communicated with the inlet; a plurality of first heat exchange channels arranged in parallel are arranged on the first heat exchange branch; each first heat exchange channel is provided with a first heat conduction piece, and a plurality of first heat conduction pieces are respectively arranged on a plurality of moving parts of the vehicle; each first heat-conducting member is provided with a medium channel;
and the second pump body is arranged on the first heat exchange branch and is used for pumping a heat exchange medium through the heat exchange cavity, the first heat exchange channel and the first heat exchange branch.
Further, the first heat exchange branch comprises a first heat exchange tube and a second heat exchange tube, a plurality of first heat exchange channels arranged in parallel are arranged between the first heat exchange tube and the second heat exchange tube, the first end of the first heat exchange tube is communicated with the outlet, and the second end of the first heat exchange tube is communicated with the first end of the first heat exchange channel; the second end of the first heat exchange channel is communicated with the first end of the second heat exchange tube; each first heat exchange channel is provided with a first electromagnetic valve and a first temperature sensor corresponding to the first heat conducting piece, and the first temperature sensor is used for detecting the working temperature of the corresponding first heat conducting piece; the first electromagnetic valve is used for adjusting the flow speed of the heat-conducting medium passing through the corresponding first heat-conducting piece according to the working temperature detected by the first temperature sensor.
The heat exchanger further comprises a second heat exchange branch, two ends of the second heat exchange branch are respectively communicated with the first heat exchange tube and the second heat exchange tube, and an intercooler and a second electromagnetic valve are arranged on the second heat exchange branch; and a switching three-way valve is arranged on the second heat exchange tube, and one interface of the switching three-way valve is communicated with the second heat exchange branch positioned at the upstream of the intercooler.
Further, the moving part includes one or more of a gearbox, brake, retarder or bearing.
Furthermore, the heat conducting plate is of a plate-shaped structure, and the heat conducting end of the heat conducting plate comprises a metal structure plate and a pyrolytic graphite layer arranged on at least one surface of the metal structure plate; a second heat exchange channel is arranged in the metal structure plate; a metal heat exchange tube is arranged in the heat exchange cavity, and two ends of the metal heat exchange tube are respectively communicated with two ends of the second heat exchange channel through pipelines; and heat exchange liquid is arranged in the second heat exchange channel and the metal heat exchange tube, and a liquid pump assembly is arranged on the pipeline between the second heat exchange channel and the metal heat exchange tube.
Further, the liquid pump assembly comprises a first pump body and a driving device for driving the first pump body to rotate, the driving device comprises a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft penetrates through the side wall of the heat exchange cavity and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the heat exchange cavity, the first end of the rotating shaft extends into the heat exchange cavity, and an impeller is arranged at the first end of the rotating shaft; the second end of pivot extends to outside the heat transfer chamber, with first pump body drive is connected to the realization is located promote when the heat transfer medium of heat transfer intracavity flows the impeller rotates, the impeller drive the pivot rotates, and then the drive first pump body work.
Furthermore, a first friction plate is arranged at the end part of the second end of the rotating shaft, and a second friction plate is arranged at the end part of the rotor of the first pump body; the first friction plate and the second friction plate are in driving connection through a driving connection assembly; the driving connecting assembly comprises a second heat-conducting piece in heat conduction connection with the fuel cell, a heat-conducting cylinder in rotary connection with the second heat-conducting piece, pistons arranged at two ends of the heat-conducting cylinder in a guiding mode, and a first expansion medium arranged between the two pistons; the heat conducting cylinder is arranged in parallel with the axis of the rotating shaft, and the heat conducting cylinder is positioned between the first friction plate and the second friction plate.
Furthermore, a flow control valve is arranged at an inlet or an outlet of the heat exchange cavity, and the flow control valve is in heat conduction connection with the fuel cell through a third heat conduction piece; when the temperature of the fuel cell increases, the opening degree of the flow control valve increases; when the temperature of the fuel cell decreases, the opening degree of the flow control valve decreases.
Furthermore, the flow control valve comprises a valve channel and a valve rod penetrating through the valve channel, a working cavity coaxial with the valve rod is arranged on the outer side wall of the valve channel, a sliding block is arranged in the working cavity in a guiding sliding manner, and the sliding block is in sealing fit with the inner side wall of the working cavity; the sliding block is in driving connection with the valve rod; and a second expansion medium is filled in the working cavity on one side, far away from the valve rod, of the sliding block, and the end part, far away from one end of the valve channel, of the working cavity is in heat-conduction connection with the third heat-conducting piece.
Has the advantages that:
the heat extraction system of the fuel cell provided by the invention exchanges heat with the easily worn moving parts of the vehicle through the heat emitted by the fuel cell, thereby fully utilizing the waste heat generated by the fuel cell, prolonging the time that the easily worn moving parts of the vehicle are at proper working temperature and prolonging the service life of the vehicle.
Secondly, through setting up flow control valve, can be according to the aperture of fuel cell's temperature automatic control valve body to the velocity of flow of automatic control heat transfer medium realizes automatic control heat transfer power, thereby improves heat exchange efficiency.
In addition, through setting up the heat-conducting plate to including the metal structure board, and set up the pyrolytic graphite layer on its surface, pyrolytic graphite possesses very outstanding directional heat conductivility, density is little, with low costs and easily realization, thereby can be fine derive the heat, reach the purpose of quick heat extraction, the metal structure board also has good heat conductivility, further set up second heat transfer passageway in the heat-conducting plate, and with second heat transfer passageway intercommunication metal heat exchange tube, set up the liquid pump between metal heat exchange tube and second heat transfer passageway, thereby can circulate the heat transfer liquid in second heat transfer passageway and the metal heat exchange tube through the liquid pump, further improve the heat extraction effect.
In addition, the second pump body pump is driven by the impeller, so that the power of the liquid pump can be controlled according to the flow speed of the medium in the heat exchange cavity, and the flow speed of the medium in the heat exchange cavity is controlled by the flow control valve, so that the power of the liquid pump is increased when the temperature of the fuel cell is high, and the power of the liquid pump is decreased when the temperature is low; through setting up drive coupling assembling, whether work through drive connection spare control liquid pump body to can be according to fuel cell's temperature automatic control.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a heat removal system of a fuel cell according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a flow control valve according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a liquid pump assembly in the heat removal system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the heat-conducting plate of the heat removal system of the present invention;
wherein, 1, a heat conducting plate; 11. a metal structural plate; 110. a second heat exchange channel; 111. a metal heat exchange tube; 112. a liquid pump assembly; 1120. an impeller; 1121. a first pump body; 1122. a rotating shaft; 1123. a first friction plate; 1124. a second friction plate; 12. pyrolyzing the graphite layer; 2. a heat exchange cavity; 21. an inlet; 22. an outlet; 3. a first heat-conducting member; 4. an intercooler; 41. a second solenoid valve; 5. switching a three-way valve; 6. a flow control valve; 60. a third heat-conducting member; 61. a valve way; 62. a valve stem; 620. a flow channel; 63. a working chamber; 64. a slider; 65. a second expansion medium; 7. a drive connection assembly; 71. a second heat-conducting member; 72. a heat conducting tube; 73. a piston; 74. a first expansion medium; 8. a second pump body; 9. a first heat exchange branch; 91. first heat exchange; 92. a second heat exchange tube; 93. a second heat exchange branch; 10. a first solenoid valve; 100. a fuel cell.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a heat removal system for a fuel cell. The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that it can be more easily understood and appreciated.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-4, a heat rejection system for a fuel cell, comprising:
a heat exchange chamber 2 disposed at an upper end of the fuel cell 100, the heat exchange chamber 2 having an inlet 21 and an outlet 22;
one end of the heat conducting plate 1 is arranged in the fuel cell 100 to serve as a heat conducting end, and the other end of the heat conducting plate 1 extends into the heat exchange cavity 2 to serve as a heat exchange end;
a first end of the first heat exchange branch 9 is communicated with the outlet 22, and a second end of the first heat exchange branch 9 is communicated with the inlet 21; a plurality of first heat exchange channels arranged in parallel are arranged on the first heat exchange branch 9; each first heat exchange channel is provided with a first heat conduction member 3, and the plurality of first heat conduction members 3 are respectively arranged on a plurality of moving parts of the vehicle; each first heat-conducting member 3 is provided with a medium passage;
and the second pump body 8 is arranged on the first heat exchange branch 9 and used for pumping the heat exchange medium through the heat exchange cavity 2, the first heat exchange channel and the first heat exchange branch 9.
In this embodiment, the first heat exchange branch 9 comprises a first heat exchange tube 91 and a second heat exchange tube 92, a plurality of first heat exchange channels arranged in parallel are arranged between the first heat exchange tube 91 and the second heat exchange tube 92, a first end of the first heat exchange tube 91 is communicated with the outlet 22, and a second end of the first heat exchange tube 91 is communicated with a first end of the first heat exchange channel; the second end of the first heat exchange channel communicates with the first end of the second heat exchange tube 92; each first heat exchange channel is provided with a first electromagnetic valve 10 and a first temperature sensor corresponding to the first heat conducting piece 3, and the first temperature sensor is used for detecting the working temperature of the corresponding first heat conducting piece 3; the first solenoid valve 10 is used for adjusting the flow rate of the heat-conducting medium passing through the corresponding first heat-conducting member 3 according to the working temperature detected by the first temperature sensor.
The heat removal system for the fuel cell provided in this embodiment further includes a second heat exchange branch 93, two ends of the second heat exchange branch 93 are respectively communicated with the first heat exchange tube 91 and the second heat exchange tube 92, and the second heat exchange branch 93 is provided with an intercooler 4 and a second electromagnetic valve 41; the second heat exchange tube 92 is provided with a three-way switching valve 5, and one of the ports of the three-way switching valve 5 is communicated with a second heat exchange branch 93 located upstream of the intercooler 4.
In this embodiment, the moving parts of the vehicle include one or more of a gearbox, brake, retarder or bearing.
In the present embodiment, the heat conducting plate 1 has a plate-shaped structure, and the heat conducting end of the heat conducting plate 1 includes a metal structure plate 11 and a pyrolytic graphite layer 12 disposed on at least one surface of the metal structure plate 11.
Specifically, the heat transfer end of heat-conducting plate 1 is for stretching into the inside heat transfer metal sheet in heat transfer chamber 2, and its setting mode can increase the area of contact of heat transfer end and heat transfer medium for when heat transfer medium passes through, improves heat exchange efficiency, and this setting mode is the technical means that this field is commonly used, and technical staff in the field should understand and know.
Wherein, a second heat exchange channel 110 is arranged inside the metal structure plate 11; a metal heat exchange tube 111 is arranged in the heat exchange cavity 2, and two ends of the metal heat exchange tube 111 are respectively communicated with two ends of the second heat exchange channel 110 through pipelines; heat exchange liquid is arranged in the second heat exchange channel 110 and the metal heat exchange tube 111, and a liquid pump assembly 112 is arranged on a pipeline between the second heat exchange channel 110 and the metal heat exchange tube 111.
In this embodiment, the second heat exchanging channel 110 has a U-shaped structure.
In this embodiment, liquid pump assembly 112 includes a first pump body 1121 and a driving device for driving first pump body 1121 to rotate, where the driving device includes a rotating shaft 1122, where the rotating shaft 1122 penetrates through a side wall of heat exchange chamber 2 and is rotatably connected to the side wall of heat exchange chamber 2, a first end of the rotating shaft 1122 extends into heat exchange chamber 2, and a first end of the rotating shaft 1122 is provided with an impeller 1120; the second end of the rotating shaft 1122 extends to the outside of the heat exchange cavity 2 and is in driving connection with the first pump body 1121, so that when the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange cavity 2 flows, the impeller 1120 is pushed to rotate, and the impeller 1120 drives the rotating shaft 1122 to rotate, thereby driving the first pump body 1121 to work.
A first friction plate 1123 is disposed at a second end of the rotating shaft 1122, and a second friction plate 1124 is disposed at a rotor end of the first pump body 1121; the first friction plate 1123 and the second friction plate 1124 are in driving connection through a driving connection assembly 7; the driving connection assembly 7 comprises a second heat-conducting member 71 in heat-conducting connection with the fuel cell 100, a heat-conducting cylinder 72 in rotational connection with the second heat-conducting member 71, pistons 73 arranged at two ends of the heat-conducting cylinder 72 in a guiding manner, and a first expansion medium 74 arranged between the two pistons 73; the heat conduction cylinder 72 is disposed parallel to the axis of the rotary shaft 1122, and the heat conduction cylinder 72 is located between the first friction plate 1123 and the second friction plate 1124.
When the temperature of the fuel cell 100 rises to a first predetermined threshold, the first swelling medium 74 swells to push the two pistons 73 to extend, so that the two pistons 73 are respectively in contact with the first friction plate 1123 and the second friction plate 1124, so as to connect the rotating shaft 1122 with the first pump body 1121, and the rotating shaft 1122 drives the first pump body 1121 to operate; when the temperature of the fuel cell 100 is below the first predetermined threshold, the first expansion medium 74 contracts and the two pistons 73 separate from the first and second friction plates 1123, 1124, respectively.
In the present embodiment, a flow control valve 6 is disposed at the inlet 21 or the outlet 22 of the heat exchange cavity 2, and the flow control valve 6 is in heat conduction connection with the fuel cell 100 through a third heat conduction member 60; when the temperature of the fuel cell 100 rises, the opening degree of the flow control valve 6 increases; when the temperature of the fuel cell 100 decreases, the opening degree of the flow control valve 6 decreases.
The flow control valve 6 comprises a valve channel 61 and a valve rod 62 penetrating through the valve channel 61, a working cavity 63 coaxial with the valve rod 62 is arranged on the outer side wall of the valve channel 61, a sliding block 64 is arranged in the working cavity 63 in a guiding and sliding manner, and the sliding block 64 is in sealing fit with the inner side wall of the working cavity 63; the sliding block 64 is in driving connection with the valve rod 62; the working chamber 63 on the side of the sliding block 64 remote from the valve stem 62 is filled with a second expansion medium 65, and the end of the working chamber 63 remote from the valve passage 61 is connected to the third heat-conducting member 60 in a heat-conducting manner.
Specifically, the valve rod 62 is provided with a flow passage 620, and when the second expansion medium 65 expands due to heat, the sliding block 64 is pushed to slide, so that the valve rod is pushed to slide in the direction of the valve passage, the flow area of the flow passage 620 in the valve passage is increased, and the flow speed is increased.
To ensure the detection accuracy of the flow control valve 6, V ═ μ × (θ/s 1)-2) Wherein μ is a friction coefficient between the sliding block 64 and the side wall of the working chamber, in order to ensure the detection precision, the value range of μ is 0.15-0.23, α is an adjustment coefficient, the value range is 0.37-2.85, θ is an expansion coefficient of the second expansion medium 65, and s1 is a cross-sectional area of the working chamber perpendicular to the axial direction.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a heat removal method of a fuel cell 100, which employs the heat removal system of the fuel cell 100 provided in embodiment 1, and the heat removal method includes the following steps:
s10, the fuel cell 100 works to generate heat, the heat conducting plate 1 transfers the heat to the heat exchange cavity 2, the second pump body 8 works to enable the heat exchange medium to pass through the heat exchange cavity 2, the first electromagnetic valves 10 are opened at the moment, detection values of the first temperature sensors are obtained, when the detection values of the first temperature sensors are lower than preset values, the three-way switching valve is controlled to be communicated with the second heat exchange pipe 92, the second electromagnetic valve 41 is controlled to be closed, and the heat exchange medium is directly pumped to the heat exchange cavity 2 through the second pump body 8 without passing through the intercooler 4.
Specifically, it should be noted that the operating temperature of the vehicle component at which different first heat-conducting members 3 are located is different, and therefore the preset temperature of each first heat-conducting member is also different, and the preset temperature is determined according to the suitable operating temperature of the specific vehicle component.
S20, continuously acquiring the detection value of the first temperature sensor in the running process of the vehicle, controlling the three-way switching valve to switch when the temperatures of the heat-conducting pieces reach preset values, controlling the second electromagnetic valve 41 to be opened, controlling the intercooler 4 to work, enabling the heat exchange medium passing through the first heat-conducting pieces 3 to flow to the intercooler 4, and dissipating heat through the intercooler 4.
S30, the third heat-conducting member 60 thermally connecting the fuel cell 100 with the flow control valve 6 during operation of the vehicle; when the temperature of the fuel cell 100 rises, the opening degree of the flow control valve 6 is controlled to increase, so that the flow of the heat exchange medium passing through the heat exchange cavity 2 is increased, the heat dissipation power of the intercooler 4 is increased, and the heat exchange speed is increased, so that the fuel cell 100 is ensured to fully discharge heat.
S40, when the temperature of the fuel cell 100 rises to a first predetermined threshold, the driving connection assembly 7 drives and connects the rotating shaft 1122 and the first pump body 1121, so that the liquid pump assembly 112 operates, and the liquid pump assembly 112 drives and circulates the heat exchange liquid in the second heat exchange channel 110 and the metal heat exchange tube 111, so as to accelerate the heat exchange between the heat inside the fuel cell 100 and the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange cavity 2 through the metal heat exchange tube 111, and further ensure sufficient heat removal of the fuel cell 100.
The technical solutions of the present invention are fully described above, it should be noted that the specific embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the above description, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent or equivalent changes in structure, method, or function according to the spirit of the present invention by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A heat removal system for a fuel cell, comprising:
a heat exchange chamber disposed at an upper end of the fuel cell, the heat exchange chamber having an inlet and an outlet;
one end of the heat conducting plate is arranged in the fuel cell and serves as a heat conducting end, and the other end of the heat conducting plate extends into the heat exchange cavity and serves as a heat exchange end;
a first end of the first heat exchange branch is communicated with the outlet, and a second end of the first heat exchange branch is communicated with the inlet; a plurality of first heat exchange channels arranged in parallel are arranged on the first heat exchange branch; each first heat exchange channel is provided with a first heat conduction piece, and a plurality of first heat conduction pieces are respectively arranged on a plurality of moving parts of the vehicle; each first heat-conducting member is provided with a medium channel;
and the second pump body is arranged on the first heat exchange branch and is used for pumping a heat exchange medium through the heat exchange cavity, the first heat exchange channel and the first heat exchange branch.
2. The heat rejection system for a fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first heat exchange branch comprises a first heat exchange tube and a second heat exchange tube, a plurality of said first heat exchange channels arranged in parallel are arranged between said first heat exchange tube and said second heat exchange tube, a first end of said first heat exchange tube communicates with said outlet, a second end of said first heat exchange tube communicates with a first end of said first heat exchange channel; the second end of the first heat exchange channel is communicated with the first end of the second heat exchange tube; each first heat exchange channel is provided with a first electromagnetic valve and a first temperature sensor corresponding to the first heat conducting piece, and the first temperature sensor is used for detecting the working temperature of the corresponding first heat conducting piece; the first electromagnetic valve is used for adjusting the flow speed of the heat-conducting medium passing through the corresponding first heat-conducting piece according to the working temperature detected by the first temperature sensor.
3. The heat removal system of the fuel cell as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a second heat exchange branch, wherein two ends of the second heat exchange branch are respectively communicated with the first heat exchange pipe and the second heat exchange pipe, and an intercooler and a second electromagnetic valve are arranged on the second heat exchange branch; and a switching three-way valve is arranged on the second heat exchange tube, and one interface of the switching three-way valve is communicated with the second heat exchange branch positioned at the upstream of the intercooler.
4. The heat rejection system for a fuel cell of claim 1, wherein the moving component comprises one or more of a gearbox, brake, retarder, or bearing.
5. The heat removal system for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the heat-conducting plate has a plate-like structure, and the heat-conducting end of the heat-conducting plate includes a metal structural plate and a pyrolytic graphite layer provided on at least one side of the metal structural plate; a second heat exchange channel is arranged in the metal structure plate; a metal heat exchange tube is arranged in the heat exchange cavity, and two ends of the metal heat exchange tube are respectively communicated with two ends of the second heat exchange channel through pipelines; and heat exchange liquid is arranged in the second heat exchange channel and the metal heat exchange tube, and a liquid pump assembly is arranged on the pipeline between the second heat exchange channel and the metal heat exchange tube.
6. The heat removal system of a fuel cell according to claim 5, wherein the liquid pump assembly includes a first pump body and a driving device for driving the first pump body to rotate, the driving device includes a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft passes through a sidewall of the heat exchange cavity and is rotatably connected to the sidewall of the heat exchange cavity, a first end of the rotating shaft extends into the heat exchange cavity, and an impeller is disposed at the first end of the rotating shaft; the second end of pivot extends to outside the heat transfer chamber, with first pump body drive is connected to the realization is located promote when the heat transfer medium of heat transfer intracavity flows the impeller rotates, the impeller drive the pivot rotates, and then the drive first pump body work.
7. The heat removal system for a fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein a second end portion of the rotation shaft is provided with a first friction plate, and a rotor end portion of the first pump body is provided with a second friction plate; the first friction plate and the second friction plate are in driving connection through a driving connection assembly; the driving connecting assembly comprises a second heat-conducting piece in heat conduction connection with the fuel cell, a heat-conducting cylinder in rotary connection with the second heat-conducting piece, pistons arranged at two ends of the heat-conducting cylinder in a guiding mode, and a first expansion medium arranged between the two pistons; the heat conducting cylinder is arranged in parallel with the axis of the rotating shaft, and the heat conducting cylinder is positioned between the first friction plate and the second friction plate.
8. The heat removal system for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a flow control valve is disposed at an inlet or an outlet of the heat exchange chamber, and the flow control valve is thermally connected to the fuel cell via a third heat conduction member; when the temperature of the fuel cell increases, the opening degree of the flow control valve increases; when the temperature of the fuel cell decreases, the opening degree of the flow control valve decreases.
9. The heat removal system for the fuel cell as claimed in claim 8, wherein the flow control valve includes a valve channel and a valve rod penetrating the valve channel, a working chamber is disposed on an outer side wall of the valve channel and is coaxial with the valve rod, a sliding block is slidably disposed in the working chamber in a guiding manner, and the sliding block is in sealing engagement with an inner side wall of the working chamber; the sliding block is in driving connection with the valve rod; and a second expansion medium is filled in the working cavity on one side, far away from the valve rod, of the sliding block, and the end part, far away from one end of the valve channel, of the working cavity is in heat-conduction connection with the third heat-conducting piece.
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| CN202111503089.XA CN114188564B (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Heat extraction system of fuel cell |
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| CN202111503089.XA CN114188564B (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Heat extraction system of fuel cell |
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| CN114188564B CN114188564B (en) | 2024-06-07 |
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| CN114188564B (en) | 2024-06-07 |
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