CN114188188A - Driving circuit of relay - Google Patents
Driving circuit of relay Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114188188A CN114188188A CN202111566583.0A CN202111566583A CN114188188A CN 114188188 A CN114188188 A CN 114188188A CN 202111566583 A CN202111566583 A CN 202111566583A CN 114188188 A CN114188188 A CN 114188188A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- relay
- module
- trigger
- delay
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
- H01H47/18—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for introducing delay in the operation of the relay
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
Abstract
The invention provides a driving circuit of a relay, which comprises a processing module, a delay module, a trigger module and an enabling module, wherein the processing module is used for outputting an enabling signal, the delay module is used for delaying the enabling signal so as to output a delay signal, the trigger module is used for outputting an effective trigger signal according to a preset trigger condition in the resetting process of the processing module, and the enabling module is used for controlling the relay to be closed when the enabling signal or the delay signal is effective and controlling the relay to be opened when the trigger signal is effective. According to the invention, the trigger condition is preset through the trigger module, when the trigger condition is met, the trigger module can output an effective trigger signal, the enabling module can control the relay to be switched off according to the trigger signal in the reset process of the processing module, which is equivalent to switching off the delay holding function of the delay module according to the requirement in the reset process of the processing module, so that the drive circuit of the relay is protected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of relay driving, in particular to a driving circuit of a relay.
Background
The electric automobile usually adopts a high-voltage power battery to provide power, and needs a battery system to provide different power supply loops to meet the requirements of the whole automobile, for example, when the whole automobile runs, a discharge loop needs to be connected; when the battery is charged, the charging loop needs to be connected; when the battery is heated, the heating loop needs to be switched on. In order to ensure the control of the different loops, the on-off of the high-voltage relay in the loop needs to be controlled according to requirements.
For an electric automobile in operation, if unexpected disconnection occurs between the high-voltage relay and the high-voltage power battery, the power of the automobile is lost, and a safety problem occurs. Because the high-voltage relay is driven by the relay drive circuit, in order to solve the problems, a delay module is generally added between a processor of the relay drive circuit and the high-voltage relay, the delay module has the function of keeping the high-voltage relay closed for a period of time when the processor is reset, so that the power of a vehicle is not lost, and the control of the high-voltage relay is taken over after the processor is reset.
However, if the time delay module is abnormally enabled, the unexpected combination of the high-voltage relay and the unexpected high voltage of the vehicle can be caused, the safety accident that the vehicle is accelerated or people get an electric shock can be caused, and the safety and the robustness of the system are poor. In the resetting process of the processor, due to the time delay retaining action of the time delay module, large current still exists on the high-voltage relay when the vehicle runs, and at the moment, the power supply of the high-voltage relay falls for a short time, so that the high-voltage relay is immediately combined after being disconnected, and the high-voltage relay is burnt out; meanwhile, if the power supply of the delay module falls, the delay module cannot work normally, and the high-voltage relay may malfunction due to the delay module.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a relay drive circuit, which can close the delay holding function of the relay drive circuit when needed.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a relay driving circuit, comprising:
the processing module is used for outputting an enabling signal;
the delay module is connected with the output end of the processing module and is used for delaying the enabling signal so as to output a delay signal;
the trigger module is used for outputting an effective trigger signal according to a preset trigger condition; and the number of the first and second groups,
the enabling module is connected with the processing module, the delay module and the output end of the trigger module and used for controlling the relay to be closed when the enabling signal or the delay signal is effective and controlling the relay to be disconnected when the trigger signal is effective in the resetting process of the processing module.
Optionally, the method further includes:
the power supply module is at least used for providing power supply voltage for the delay module;
the relay driving module is connected with the output end of the enabling module and used for outputting a driving signal to control the on-off of the relay according to the output signal of the enabling module; and the number of the first and second groups,
the trigger condition includes the supply voltage being lower than a first reference voltage and/or the voltage of the drive signal being lower than a second reference voltage.
Optionally, the triggering module includes:
a first comparator, a first input end of which is connected to an output end of the power supply module, a second input end of which is connected to the first reference voltage, the first comparator being configured to compare the power supply voltage with the first reference voltage and output a valid first comparison signal when the power supply voltage is lower than the first reference voltage;
a second comparator, a first input end of which is connected to the output end of the relay driving module, a second input end of which is connected to the second reference voltage, and the first comparator is used for comparing the voltage of the driving signal with the second reference voltage and outputting an effective second comparison signal when the voltage of the driving signal is lower than the second reference voltage; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the first OR gate is connected with the output ends of the first comparator and the second comparator, is used for carrying out OR operation on the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal, and outputs the effective trigger signal when the first comparison signal or the second comparison signal is effective.
Optionally, the triggering module includes:
a first comparator, a first input end of which is connected to an output end of the power supply module, a second input end of which is connected to the first reference voltage, and the first comparator is configured to compare the power supply voltage with the first reference voltage and output an effective trigger signal when the power supply voltage is lower than the first reference voltage; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
and a first input end of the second comparator is connected with the output end of the relay driving module, a second input end of the second comparator is connected with the second reference voltage, and the first comparator is used for comparing the voltage of the driving signal with the second reference voltage and outputting the effective trigger signal when the voltage of the driving signal is lower than the second reference voltage.
Optionally, the enabling module includes:
the input end of the latch is connected with the output end of the processing module, the reset end of the latch is connected with the trigger signal, when the trigger signal is invalid, the latch is in a latch state, and when the trigger signal is valid, the latch is in a reset state;
the AND gate is connected with the delay module and the output end of the latch and is used for performing AND operation on the delay signal and the output signal of the latch; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the second OR gate is connected with the processing module and the output end of the AND gate and is used for carrying out OR operation on the enabling signal and the output signal of the AND gate and outputting a logic signal to control the on-off of the relay.
Optionally, the relay is a relay controlled by two sides, and the delay module, the relay driving module, the and gate and the second or gate are respectively provided with two groups, and are respectively used for controlling a high side and a low side of the relay; and the number of the first and second groups,
the trigger condition comprises that the supply voltage is lower than a first reference voltage and/or that the voltage of the drive signal on the high side is lower than a second reference voltage.
Optionally, a first sampling point is arranged at an output end of the latch, and the processing module collects signals at the first sampling point in real time; and/or a second sampling point is arranged on the output end of the AND gate, and the processing module collects signals on the second sampling point in real time.
Optionally, the relay is a relay controlled by a single side.
Optionally, the relay driving circuit is configured to drive at least two relays, and the operating voltages of the relays are the same or different.
Optionally, the relay shares the trigger module, the delay module, the latch, and the and gate;
the trigger condition comprises that the power supply voltage is lower than a first reference voltage and/or the voltage of the driving signal corresponding to any relay is lower than the corresponding second reference voltage.
The driving circuit of the relay provided by the invention comprises a processing module, a delay module, a trigger module and an enabling module, wherein the processing module is used for outputting an enabling signal, the delay module is used for delaying the enabling signal so as to output a delay signal, the trigger module is used for outputting an effective trigger signal according to a preset trigger condition in the resetting process of the processing module, and the enabling module is used for controlling the relay to be closed when the enabling signal or the delay signal is effective and controlling the relay to be opened when the trigger signal is effective. According to the invention, the trigger module presets the trigger condition, when the trigger condition is met, the trigger module can output an effective trigger signal, the enabling module can control the relay to be switched off according to the trigger signal in the process of resetting the processing module, which is equivalent to switching off the delay holding function of the delay module according to the requirement in the process of resetting the processing module, so that the drive circuit of the relay is protected.
In addition, the triggering condition comprises that the power supply voltage is lower than a first reference voltage and/or the voltage of the driving signal is lower than a second reference voltage, so that the problem that the relay is burnt out due to the fact that the relay is combined immediately after being disconnected when the power supply of the relay drops for a short time in the resetting process of the processing module is solved; meanwhile, the problem that the relay malfunctions because of the delay module due to the fact that the delay module cannot normally work when the power supply of the delay module falls can be solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a driving circuit of a relay according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a specific circuit diagram of an enable module and a trigger module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a partial schematic diagram of a driving circuit of a relay according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of a driving circuit of a relay according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a partial schematic diagram of a driving circuit of a relay according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
wherein the reference numerals are:
10-a processing module; 20. 21, 22-time delay module; 30-an enabling module; 31-a latch; 32. 321, 322-AND gate; 33. 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336-second or gate; 40-a trigger module; 41-a first comparator; 42-a second comparator; 43-a first OR gate; 50. 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56-relay drive module; 60-a power supply module; 70. 71, 72, 73, 74-relays;
en-enable signal; delay, Delay1, Delay 2-time Delay signal; v1-supply voltage; CP-trigger signal; logic, Logic1, Logic2, Logic3, Logic4, Logic5, Logic 6-Logic signals; vout, Vout1, Vout2, Vout3, Vout4, Vout5, Vout 6-drive signals; vref1 — first reference voltage; vref2 — second reference voltage; k1 — first sample point; k2, K21, K22-second sample point; an input of a D-latch; a reset terminal of the E-latch; an output of the Y-latch.
Detailed Description
The following describes in more detail embodiments of the present invention with reference to the schematic drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is merely for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a drive circuit of the relay according to the present embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the driving circuit of the relay includes a processing module 10, a delay module 20, an enabling module 30, a triggering module 40, a relay driving module 50, and a power supply module 60. In this embodiment, the relay driving circuit is used to drive a single relay 70, and the relay 70 is a single-side controlled relay.
In this embodiment, the relay 70 driven by the relay driving circuit is a high voltage relay in a Battery Management System (BMS), but not limited thereto, and the relay driving circuit may be used to drive any possible relay.
Specifically, the processing module 10 is configured to output an enable signal En to control the relay 70 to be powered on at high voltage or powered on at low voltage. In this embodiment, for convenience of description, the enable signal En output by the processing module 10 is simplified to be one signal, but it should be understood that the enable signal En output by the processing module 10 may be one or more signals, and redundant description is not repeated here.
The Delay module 20 is connected to the output end of the processing module 10, and is configured to access the enable signal En, and Delay the enable signal En, so as to output a Delay signal Delay. The Delay module 20 may be, for example, a circuit that performs Delay by using a charge-discharge effect of a capacitor, when the enable signal En is invalid, the capacitor in the Delay module 20 starts to be charged, the voltage at two ends of the capacitor starts to rise, and until the capacitor is fully charged, the Delay signal Delay output by the Delay module 20 is invalid. When the enable signal En is active; the capacitor in the Delay module 20 starts to discharge, and the voltage at two ends of the capacitor starts to decrease until the Delay signal Delay output by the Delay module 20 is valid after the discharge is completed. It can be seen that the delay module 20 can implement a function of delay output, and the delay time is the time for charging and discharging the capacitor.
The power supply module 60 is configured to provide a power supply voltage V1 for the delay module 20 to ensure that the delay module 20 works normally. As an alternative embodiment, the power supply module 60 may not only supply power to the delay module 20, but also provide a power supply voltage to the processing module 10, and the power supply voltage V1 provided to the delay module 20 may be the same as or different from the power supply voltage provided to the processing module 10, and of course, the power supply module 60 may also supply power to other modules in the driving circuit of the relay, which is not illustrated here.
The trigger module 40 is preset with a trigger condition, and the trigger module 40 may output an effective trigger signal CP according to the predetermined trigger condition. The trigger condition may be designed according to actual needs, and will be described in detail below.
The enabling module 30 is connected to the output ends of the processing module 10, the Delay module 20, and the triggering module 40, and is configured to access the enabling signal En, the Delay signal Delay, and the triggering signal CP, and output a Logic signal Logic for controlling the on/off of the relay 70 according to the enabling signal En, the Delay signal Delay, and the triggering signal CP. Specifically, the enabling module 30 may output a valid Logic signal Logic to control the relay 70 to be closed when the enabling signal En or the Delay signal Delay is valid, output an invalid Logic signal Logic to control the relay 70 to be opened when the enabling signal En or the Delay signal Delay is invalid, and output an invalid Logic signal Logic to control the relay 70 to be opened when the trigger signal CP is valid during the reset of the processing module 10.
The relay driving module 50 is connected to the output terminal of the enabling module 30, and is configured to access the Logic signal Logic and output a driving signal Vout according to the Logic signal Logic, and the relay 70 is connected to the output terminal of the relay driving module 50, and is configured to access the driving signal Vout and is turned on or turned off under the control of the driving signal Vout. Specifically, the driving signal Vout is an analog signal, when the Logic signal Logic is valid, the relay driving module 50 outputs the driving signal Vout having a voltage greater than or equal to a second reference voltage Vref2, so as to control the relay 70 to close, and when the Logic signal Logic is invalid, the relay driving module 50 outputs the driving signal Vout having a voltage less than the second reference voltage Vref2, so as to control the relay 70 to open.
The second reference voltage Vref2 may be designed according to the operating voltage of the relay 70, for example, the operating voltage of the relay 70 may be 5V, the second reference voltage Vref2 may be set to 3.5V, the relay 70 may be controlled to be closed when the voltage of the driving signal Vout is greater than or equal to 3.5V, and the relay 70 may be opened when the voltage of the driving signal Vout is less than 3.5V.
In the resetting process of the processing module 10, due to the time delay holding function of the time delay module 20, a large current still exists on the relay 70 when a vehicle runs, and at the moment, the power supply of the relay 70 falls off in a short time, so that the relay 70 is immediately combined after being disconnected, and the relay 70 is burnt out; meanwhile, if the power supply of the delay module 20 drops, which causes the delay module 20 not to work normally, the relay 70 may malfunction due to the delay module 20. Based on this, the trigger condition may be designed according to the power supply droop of the delay module 20 and the power supply droop of the relay 70, in this embodiment, the trigger condition includes that the power supply voltage V1 is lower than a first reference voltage Vref1 and/or the voltage of the driving signal Vout is lower than the second reference voltage Vref2, that is, when the power supply voltage V1 is lower than the first reference voltage Vref1 and/or the voltage of the driving signal Vout is lower than the second reference voltage Vref2, the trigger module 40 may output an effective trigger signal CP, so as to control the relay 70 to be turned off, thereby preventing the relay 70 from being immediately combined after the relay 70 is turned off when the power supply of the relay 70 is dropped for a short time in the reset process of the processing module 10, which causes the problem of burning out the relay 70; meanwhile, the problem that the relay 70 malfunctions due to the delay module 20 when the power supply of the delay module 20 falls off and the delay module 20 cannot work normally can be prevented.
Certainly, the trigger condition is not limited to this, and may also be other possible trigger conditions, and no explanation is given here, in this embodiment, the trigger module 40 presets a trigger condition, when the trigger condition is met, the trigger module 40 may output the valid trigger signal CP, and the enabling module 30 may control the relay 70 to be turned off according to the trigger signal CP in the process of resetting the processing module 10, which is equivalent to turn off the delay holding function of the delay module 20 according to needs in the process of resetting the processing module 10, so as to protect the driving circuit of the relay.
Fig. 2 is a specific circuit diagram of the enable module 30 and the trigger module 40 provided in this embodiment. As shown in fig. 2, the trigger module 40 includes a first comparator 41, a second comparator 42, and a first or gate 43. A first input terminal of the first comparator 41 is connected to the output terminal of the power supply module 60, and is configured to access the supply voltage V1; a second input of the first comparator 41 is connected to the first reference voltage Vref1, and the first comparator 41 is configured to compare the supply voltage V1 with the first reference voltage Vref1 and output a valid first comparison signal when the supply voltage V1 is lower than the first reference voltage Vref 1. The first input terminal of the second comparator 42 is connected to the output terminal of the relay driving module 50 and is configured to receive the driving signal Vout, the second input terminal of the second comparator 42 is connected to the second reference voltage Vref2, and the first comparator 41 is configured to compare the voltage of the driving signal Vout with the second reference voltage Vref2 and output a valid second comparison signal when the voltage of the driving signal Vout is lower than the second reference voltage Vref 2. The first or gate 43 is connected to the output ends of the first comparator 41 and the second comparator 42, and is configured to access the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal, perform an or operation on the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal, and output the active trigger signal CP when the first comparison signal or the second comparison signal is active. In this way, when the supply voltage V1 is lower than the first reference voltage Vref1 and/or the voltage of the driving signal Vout is lower than the second reference voltage Vref2, the trigger module 40 can output the active trigger signal CP, otherwise, the trigger module 40 outputs the inactive trigger signal CP.
As an alternative embodiment, the triggering module 40 may only include the first comparator 41, and a first input terminal of the first comparator 41 is connected to the output terminal of the power supply module 60, and is configured to access the power supply voltage V1; a second input terminal of the first comparator 41 is connected to the first reference voltage Vref1, and the first comparator 41 is configured to compare the supply voltage V1 with the first reference voltage Vref1 and output the active trigger signal CP when the supply voltage V1 is lower than the first reference voltage Vref 1. In this way, the trigger module 40 can output the active trigger signal CP when the supply voltage V1 is lower than the first reference voltage Vref1, and otherwise, the trigger module 40 can output the inactive trigger signal CP.
As an alternative embodiment, the trigger module 40 may only include a second comparator 42, a first input terminal of the second comparator 42 is connected to the output terminal of the relay driving module 50 and is configured to receive the driving signal Vout, a second input terminal of the second comparator 42 is connected to the second reference voltage Vref2, and the first comparator 41 is configured to compare a voltage of the driving signal Vout with the second reference voltage Vref2 and output the active trigger signal CP when the voltage of the driving signal Vout is lower than the second reference voltage Vref 2. In this way, the trigger module 40 can output the active trigger signal CP when the voltage of the driving signal Vout is lower than the second reference voltage Vref2, and otherwise, the trigger module 40 can output the inactive trigger signal CP.
Further, referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the enabling module 30 includes a latch 31, an and gate 32, and a second or gate 33. The input end D of the latch 31 is connected to the output end of the processing module 10 and is configured to access the enable signal En, the reset end E of the latch 31 is accessed to the trigger signal CP, when the trigger signal CP is invalid, the latch 31 is in a latch state, and when the trigger signal CP is valid, the latch 31 is in a reset state. The and gate 32 is connected to the Delay module 20 and the output terminal Y of the latch 31, and is configured to access the Delay signal Delay and the output signal of the latch 31 and perform an and operation on the Delay signal Delay and the output signal of the latch 31. The second or gate 33 is connected to the processing module 10 and the output end of the and gate 32, and configured to access the enable signal En and the output signal of the and gate 32, perform an or operation on the enable signal En and the output signal of the and gate 32, and output the Logic signal Logic.
In this embodiment, the enable signal En, the Delay signal Delay, the Logic signal Logic, and the trigger signal CP are all digital signals. The timing of the trigger module 40 and the enable module 30 will be described in detail below with the digital signal being "1" valid and "0" invalid.
When the processing module 10 is powered on, the enable signal En is "1", and the Logic signal Logic output by the second or gate 33 is "1" regardless of whether the other input of the second or gate 33 is "1" or "0", and the relay driving module 50 outputs the driving signal Vout to control the relay 70 to be closed. When the processing module 10 is normally powered off/reset, the enable signal En is "0", due to the Delay action of the Delay module 20, the Delay signal Delay becomes "0" after the Delay time elapses, at this time, the latch 31 is in the latch state (latch the enable signal En when powered on), the output of the latch 31 is "1", the output of the and gate 32 becomes "0" after the Delay time elapses, the Logic signal Logic output by the second or gate 33 becomes "0" after the Delay time elapses, and the relay driving module 50 outputs the driving signal Vout to control the relay 70 to be turned off. In the process of resetting, in the delay time of the processing module 10, if the power supply voltage V1 is lower than the first reference voltage Vref1 and/or the voltage of the driving signal Vout is lower than the second reference voltage Vref2, the first or gate 43 outputs the valid trigger signal CP, the latch 31 is in the reset state, the output of the latch 31 immediately becomes "0", the output of the and gate 32 immediately becomes "0", the Logic signal Logic output by the second or gate 33 immediately becomes "0", and the relay driving module 50 immediately outputs the driving signal Vout to control the relay 70 to be turned off. It can be seen that the enabling module 30 can control the relay 70 to be closed when the enabling signal En or the Delay signal Delay is active, and control the relay 70 to be opened when the trigger signal CP is active during the reset of the processing module 10.
Further, a first sampling point K1 is arranged on the output end Y of the latch 31, and the processing module 10 collects a signal at the first sampling point K1 in real time; and/or a second sampling point K2 is arranged at the output end of the AND gate 32, and the processing module 10 collects signals at the second sampling point K2 in real time. Since the signal at the first sampling point K1 can represent the output signal of the latch 31, and the signal at the second sampling point K2 can represent the Delay signal Delay and the output signal of the latch 31, the processing module 10 can perform fault diagnosis on the latch 31 or the Delay module 20 by acquiring the signals at the first sampling point K1 and the second sampling point K2 in real time.
Example two
Fig. 3 is a partial schematic diagram of a driving circuit of the relay according to this embodiment. As shown in fig. 3, the difference from the first embodiment is that, in the present embodiment, the relay 70 is a relay controlled by two sides, and the delay module, the relay driving module, the and gate, and the second or gate all have two sets, which are respectively used for controlling the high side and the low side of the relay 70.
Specifically, the delay module includes a delay module 21 and a delay module 22, the relay driving module includes a relay driving module 51 and a relay driving module 52, the and gate includes an and gate 321 and an and gate 322, and the second or gate includes a second or gate 331 and a second or gate 332. The Delay module 21 and the Delay module 22 are both connected to the output end of the processing module 10 and are configured to access the enable signal En, and the Delay module 21 and the Delay module 22 respectively output the Delay signal Delay1 and the Delay signal Delay2 according to the enable signal En. The and gate 321 is connected to the Delay module 21 and the output end Y of the latch 31, and is configured to access the Delay signal Delay1 and the output signal of the latch 31 and perform and operation on the Delay signal Delay1 and the output signal of the latch 31; the and gate 322 is connected to the Delay module 22 and the output terminal Y of the latch 31, and is configured to access the Delay signal Delay2 and the output signal of the latch 31 and perform and operation on the Delay signal Delay2 and the output signal of the latch 31. The second or gate 331 is connected to the processing module 10 and the output end of the and gate 321, and configured to access the enable signal En and the output signal of the and gate 321, perform an or operation on the enable signal En and the output signal of the and gate 321, and output the Logic signal Logic 1; the second or gate 332 is connected to the processing module 10 and the output end of the and gate 322, and configured to access the enable signal En and the output signal of the and gate 322, perform an or operation on the enable signal En and the output signal of the and gate 322, and output the Logic signal Logic 2. The relay driving module 51 and the relay driving module 52 are respectively connected to the output ends of the second or gate 331 and the second or gate 332, and respectively output the driving signal Vout1 and the driving signal Vout2 according to the Logic signal Logic1 and the Logic signal Logic 2. The drive signal Vout1 and the drive signal Vout2 together drive the high and low sides of the relay 70.
In this embodiment, the high side and the low side of the relay 70 share the trigger module 40 and the latch 31, and the trigger condition includes that the supply voltage V1 is lower than the first reference voltage Vref1 and/or the voltage of the driving signal Vout1 of the high side of the relay 70 is lower than the second reference voltage Vref 2. Therefore, the first input terminal of the second comparator 42 may be connected to the output terminal of the relay driving module 51, and is configured to access the driving signal Vout1, and the second comparator 42 is configured to compare the voltage of the driving signal Vout1 with the second reference voltage Vref2, and output a valid second comparison signal when the voltage of the driving signal Vout1 is lower than the second reference voltage Vref 2.
Further, in this embodiment, the output ends of the and gate 321 and the and gate 322 are respectively provided with a second sampling point K21 and a second sampling point K22, since the signal at the first sampling point K1 can represent the output signal of the latch 31, the signal at the second sampling point K21 can represent the output signals of the Delay signal Delay1 and the latch 31, and the signal at the second sampling point K22 can represent the output signals of the Delay signal Delay2 and the latch 31, and the processing module 10 can perform fault diagnosis on the latch 31, the Delay module 21, and the Delay module 22 by acquiring the signals at the first sampling point K1, the second sampling point K21, and the second sampling point K22 in real time.
EXAMPLE III
Fig. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of a driving circuit of the relay according to this embodiment. As shown in fig. 4, the difference from the first embodiment is that in this embodiment, the relay driving circuit is used to drive two relays that are controlled by one side, and the operating voltages of the two relays may be the same or different.
Specifically, the relay includes a relay 71 and a relay 72, and the relay 71 and the relay 72 share the triggering module 40, the delay module 20, the latch 31, and the and gate 32. The second or gate and the relay driving module each have two sets, the second or gate includes a second or gate 333 and a second or gate 334, and the relay driving module includes a relay driving module 53 and a relay driving module 54.
The second or gate 333 is connected to the processing module 10 and the output end of the and gate 32, and is configured to access the enable signal En and the output signal of the and gate 32, perform an or operation on the enable signal En and the output signal of the and gate 32, and output the Logic signal Logic 3; the second or gate 334 is connected to the processing module 10 and the output end of the and gate 32, and configured to access the enable signal En and the output signal of the and gate 32, perform an or operation on the enable signal En and the output signal of the and gate 32, and output the Logic signal Logic 4. The relay driving module 53 and the relay driving module 54 are respectively connected to the output ends of the second or gate 333 and the second or gate 334, and respectively output a driving signal Vout3 and a driving signal Vout4 according to the Logic signal Logic3 and the Logic signal Logic 4. The drive signal Vout3 and the drive signal Vout4 drive the relay 71 and the relay 72, respectively.
In this embodiment, the working voltages of the relay 71 and the relay 72 are the same, and the triggering condition includes that the power supply voltage V1 is lower than the first reference voltage Vref1 and/or the voltage of the driving signal Vout3 is lower than the second reference voltage Vref 2; alternatively, the trigger condition comprises the supply voltage V1 being lower than the first reference voltage Vref1 and/or the voltage of the drive signal Vout4 being lower than the second reference voltage Vref 2. Therefore, the first input terminal of the second comparator 42 may be connected to the output terminal of the relay driving module 53, and is configured to access the driving signal Vout3, the second comparator 42 is configured to compare the voltage of the driving signal Vout3 with the second reference voltage Vref2, and output a valid second comparison signal when the voltage of the driving signal Vout3 is lower than the second reference voltage Vref 2; alternatively, the first input terminal of the second comparator 42 may be connected to the output terminal of the relay driving module 54, and is configured to access the driving signal Vout4, and the second comparator 42 is configured to compare the voltage of the driving signal Vout4 with the second reference voltage Vref2, and output a valid second comparison signal when the voltage of the driving signal Vout4 is lower than the second reference voltage Vref 2.
Of course, if the operating voltages of the relay 71 and the relay 72 are different, the value of the second reference voltage Vref2 input to the second input terminal of the second comparator 42 should correspond to the relay 71 and the relay 72. For example, the operating voltage of the relay 71 is 5V, the relay 71 can be controlled to be closed when the voltage of the driving signal Vout3 is greater than 3.5V, the operating voltage of the relay 72 is 10V, the relay 72 can be controlled to be closed when the voltage of the driving signal Vout4 is greater than 8V, and the value of the second reference voltage Vref2 input to the second input terminal of the second comparator 42 should be 3.5V when the first input terminal of the second comparator 42 is connected to the output terminal of the relay driving module 53; when the first input terminal of the second comparator 42 is connected to the output terminal of the relay driver module 54, the value of the second reference voltage Vref2 input to the second input terminal of the second comparator 42 should be 8V.
It should be understood that the relay drive circuit is not limited to driving two single-side controlled relays, but may also drive three or more single-side controlled relays.
Example four
Fig. 5 is a partial schematic diagram of a driving circuit of the relay according to this embodiment. As shown in fig. 5, the difference from the second embodiment is that in this embodiment, the relay driving circuit is configured to drive two relays controlled by two sides, and the operating voltages of the two relays may be the same or different.
Specifically, the relay includes a relay 73 and a relay 74, and the relay 73 and the relay 74 share the trigger module 40, the delay module 21, the delay module 22, the latch 31, the and gate 321, and the and gate 322. The second or gate and the relay driving module have four sets, the relay 73 and the relay 74 correspond to the two sets of the second or gate and the relay driving module respectively, and each two sets of the second or gate and the relay driving module are used for controlling the high edge and the low edge of the relay 73 and the relay 74 respectively.
Specifically, the second or gate includes a second or gate 331, a second or gate 332, a second or gate 335, and a second or gate 336, and the relay driving module includes a relay driving module 51, a relay driving module 52, a relay driving module 55, and a relay driving module 56. The second or gate 331 and the second or gate 335 are both connected to the output ends of the processing module 10 and the and gate 321, and configured to access the enable signal En and the output signal of the and gate 321, perform an or operation on the enable signal En and the output signal of the and gate 321, and output the Logic signal Logic1 and the Logic signal Logic5, respectively; the second or gate 332 and the second or gate 336 are connected to the processing module 10 and the output end of the and gate 322, and configured to access the enable signal En and the output signal of the and gate 322, perform an or operation on the enable signal En and the output signal of the and gate 322, and output the Logic signal Logic2 and the Logic signal Logic6, respectively. The relay driving module 51 and the relay driving module 52 are respectively connected to the output ends of the second or gate 331 and the second or gate 332, and respectively output the driving signal Vout1 and the driving signal Vout2 according to the Logic signal Logic1 and the Logic signal Logic2, and the driving signal Vout1 and the driving signal Vout2 jointly drive the high side and the low side of the relay 73. The relay driving module 55 and the relay driving module 56 are respectively connected to the output terminals of the second or gate 335 and the second or gate 336, and respectively output the driving signal Vout5 and the driving signal Vout6 according to the Logic signal Logic5 and the Logic signal Logic6, and the driving signal Vout5 and the driving signal Vout6 jointly drive the high side and the low side of the relay 74.
In this embodiment, the working voltages of the relay 73 and the relay 74 are the same, and the triggering condition includes that the power supply voltage V1 is lower than the first reference voltage Vref1 and/or the voltage of the driving signal Vout1 of the high side of the relay 73 is lower than the second reference voltage Vref 2; alternatively, the trigger condition comprises that the supply voltage V1 is lower than the first reference voltage Vref1 and/or that the voltage of the drive signal Vout5 of the high side of the relay 74 is lower than the second reference voltage Vref 2. Therefore, the first input terminal of the second comparator 42 may be connected to the output terminal of the relay driving module 51, and is configured to access the driving signal Vout1, the second comparator 42 is configured to compare the voltage of the driving signal Vout1 with the second reference voltage Vref2, and output a valid second comparison signal when the voltage of the driving signal Vout1 is lower than the second reference voltage Vref 2; alternatively, the first input terminal of the second comparator 42 may be connected to the output terminal of the relay driving module 55, and is configured to access the driving signal Vout5, and the second comparator 42 is configured to compare the voltage of the driving signal Vout5 with the second reference voltage Vref2, and output a valid second comparison signal when the voltage of the driving signal Vout5 is lower than the second reference voltage Vref 2.
Of course, if the operating voltages of the relay 73 and the relay 74 are different, the value of the second reference voltage Vref2 input to the second input terminal of the second comparator 42 should correspond to the relay 73 and the relay 74. For example, the operating voltage of the relay 73 is 5V, the relay 73 can be controlled to be closed when the voltage of the driving signal Vout1 is greater than 3.5V, the operating voltage of the relay 74 is 10V, the relay 72 can be controlled to be closed when the voltage of the driving signal Vout5 is greater than 8V, and the value of the second reference voltage Vref2 input to the second input terminal of the second comparator 42 should be 3.5V when the first input terminal of the second comparator 42 is connected to the output terminal of the relay driving module 51; when the first input terminal of the second comparator 42 is connected to the output terminal of the relay driving module 55, the value of the second reference voltage Vref2 input to the second input terminal of the second comparator 42 should be 8V.
It should be understood that the relay drive circuit is not limited to driving two double-edge controlled relays, but may also drive three or more double-edge controlled relays.
In summary, the driving circuit of the relay provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes a processing module, a delay module, a triggering module, and an enabling module, where the processing module is configured to output an enabling signal, the delay module is configured to delay the enabling signal to output a delay signal, the triggering module is configured to output an effective triggering signal according to a predetermined triggering condition in a resetting process of the processing module, and the enabling module is configured to control the relay to be closed when the enabling signal or the delay signal is effective, and control the relay to be open when the triggering signal is effective. According to the invention, the trigger module presets the trigger condition, when the trigger condition is met, the trigger module can output an effective trigger signal, the enabling module can control the relay to be switched off according to the trigger signal in the process of resetting the processing module, which is equivalent to switching off the delay holding function of the delay module according to the requirement in the process of resetting the processing module, so that the drive circuit of the relay is protected.
In addition, the triggering condition comprises that the power supply voltage is lower than a first reference voltage and/or the voltage of the driving signal is lower than a second reference voltage, so that the problem that the relay is burnt out due to the fact that the relay is combined immediately after being disconnected when the power supply of the relay falls for a short time is solved; meanwhile, the problem that the relay malfunctions because of the delay module due to the fact that the delay module cannot normally work when the power supply of the delay module falls can be solved.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
It should be noted that, although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, the above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that many changes and modifications can be made, or equivalents modified, in the embodiments of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the content of the technical solution of the present invention is departed from.
It should be further understood that the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like in the description are used for distinguishing between various components, elements, steps, and the like, and are not intended to imply a logical or sequential relationship between various components, elements, steps, or the like, unless otherwise indicated or indicated.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It must be noted that, as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, reference to "a step" or "an apparatus" means a reference to one or more steps or apparatuses and may include sub-steps as well as sub-apparatuses. All conjunctions used should be understood in the broadest sense. And, the word "or" should be understood to have the definition of a logical "or" rather than the definition of a logical "exclusive or" unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Further, implementation of the methods and/or apparatus of embodiments of the present invention may include performing the selected task manually, automatically, or in combination.
Claims (10)
1. A drive circuit for a relay, comprising:
the processing module is used for outputting an enabling signal;
the delay module is connected with the output end of the processing module and is used for delaying the enabling signal so as to output a delay signal;
the trigger module is used for outputting an effective trigger signal according to a preset trigger condition; and the number of the first and second groups,
the enabling module is connected with the processing module, the delay module and the output end of the trigger module and used for controlling the relay to be closed when the enabling signal or the delay signal is effective and controlling the relay to be disconnected when the trigger signal is effective in the resetting process of the processing module.
2. The drive circuit of the relay according to claim 1, further comprising:
the power supply module is at least used for providing power supply voltage for the delay module;
the relay driving module is connected with the output end of the enabling module and used for outputting a driving signal to control the on-off of the relay according to the output signal of the enabling module; and the number of the first and second groups,
the trigger condition includes the supply voltage being lower than a first reference voltage and/or the voltage of the drive signal being lower than a second reference voltage.
3. The relay drive circuit of claim 2, wherein the trigger module comprises:
a first comparator, a first input end of which is connected to an output end of the power supply module, a second input end of which is connected to the first reference voltage, the first comparator being configured to compare the power supply voltage with the first reference voltage and output a valid first comparison signal when the power supply voltage is lower than the first reference voltage;
a second comparator, a first input end of which is connected to the output end of the relay driving module, a second input end of which is connected to the second reference voltage, and the first comparator is used for comparing the voltage of the driving signal with the second reference voltage and outputting an effective second comparison signal when the voltage of the driving signal is lower than the second reference voltage; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the first OR gate is connected with the output ends of the first comparator and the second comparator, is used for carrying out OR operation on the first comparison signal and the second comparison signal, and outputs the effective trigger signal when the first comparison signal or the second comparison signal is effective.
4. The relay drive circuit of claim 2, wherein the trigger module comprises:
a first comparator, a first input end of which is connected to an output end of the power supply module, a second input end of which is connected to the first reference voltage, and the first comparator is configured to compare the power supply voltage with the first reference voltage and output an effective trigger signal when the power supply voltage is lower than the first reference voltage; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
and a first input end of the second comparator is connected with the output end of the relay driving module, a second input end of the second comparator is connected with the second reference voltage, and the first comparator is used for comparing the voltage of the driving signal with the second reference voltage and outputting the effective trigger signal when the voltage of the driving signal is lower than the second reference voltage.
5. The relay drive circuit of claim 2, wherein the enable module comprises:
the input end of the latch is connected with the output end of the processing module, the reset end of the latch is connected with the trigger signal, when the trigger signal is invalid, the latch is in a latch state, and when the trigger signal is valid, the latch is in a reset state;
the AND gate is connected with the delay module and the output end of the latch and is used for performing AND operation on the delay signal and the output signal of the latch; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the second OR gate is connected with the processing module and the output end of the AND gate and is used for carrying out OR operation on the enabling signal and the output signal of the AND gate and outputting a logic signal to control the on-off of the relay.
6. The relay driving circuit according to claim 5, wherein the relay is a dual-side controlled relay, and the delay module, the relay driving module, the and gate and the second or gate are respectively provided with two groups for controlling a high side and a low side of the relay; and the number of the first and second groups,
the trigger condition comprises that the supply voltage is lower than a first reference voltage and/or that the voltage of the drive signal on the high side is lower than a second reference voltage.
7. The relay driving circuit according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a first sampling point is arranged on an output end of the latch, and the processing module collects signals at the first sampling point in real time; and/or a second sampling point is arranged on the output end of the AND gate, and the processing module collects signals on the second sampling point in real time.
8. The relay drive circuit according to claim 1, wherein the relay is a one-side controlled relay.
9. The relay driving circuit according to claim 5 or 8, wherein the relay driving circuit is configured to drive at least two relays, and the relays have the same or different operating voltages.
10. The relay drive circuit of claim 9, wherein the relay shares the trigger block, the delay block, the latch, and the and gate;
the trigger condition comprises that the power supply voltage is lower than a first reference voltage and/or the voltage of the driving signal corresponding to any relay is lower than the corresponding second reference voltage.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111566583.0A CN114188188A (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Driving circuit of relay |
| PCT/CN2022/116964 WO2023116050A1 (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2022-09-05 | Driving circuit of relay |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111566583.0A CN114188188A (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Driving circuit of relay |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114188188A true CN114188188A (en) | 2022-03-15 |
Family
ID=80544586
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111566583.0A Pending CN114188188A (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Driving circuit of relay |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114188188A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023116050A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023116050A1 (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-06-29 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Driving circuit of relay |
| CN117080018A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-11-17 | 德力西电气有限公司 | Contactor coil control system |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102969200A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-03-13 | 北京易艾斯德科技有限公司 | High-reliable single-chip microcomputer control relay device |
| CN103871784A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-06-18 | 大连鼎创科技开发有限公司 | Relay sudden change impact resisting and protecting system and method thereof |
| DE102016121255A1 (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2018-05-09 | Weinzierl Engineering Gmbh | Control module for an electromechanical switching unit, relay module and control device |
| CN109302169A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-02-01 | 湖南强军科技有限公司 | A kind of SiC MOSFET Drive Protecting Circuit and its guard method |
| CN109741992A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-05-10 | 上海度普新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of relay driving control system, method and battery management system |
| CN110262297A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-09-20 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Relay control device and power supply system |
| CN111211007A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2020-05-29 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Relay holding circuit and battery management system |
| CN111682784A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-09-18 | 聚积科技股份有限公司 | Voltage stabilizing system |
| CN113746462A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-03 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Driving circuit |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110962602B (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2021-06-15 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Load holding circuit applied to battery management system |
| CN114188188A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-15 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Driving circuit of relay |
-
2021
- 2021-12-20 CN CN202111566583.0A patent/CN114188188A/en active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-09-05 WO PCT/CN2022/116964 patent/WO2023116050A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102969200A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-03-13 | 北京易艾斯德科技有限公司 | High-reliable single-chip microcomputer control relay device |
| CN103871784A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-06-18 | 大连鼎创科技开发有限公司 | Relay sudden change impact resisting and protecting system and method thereof |
| DE102016121255A1 (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2018-05-09 | Weinzierl Engineering Gmbh | Control module for an electromechanical switching unit, relay module and control device |
| CN109302169A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-02-01 | 湖南强军科技有限公司 | A kind of SiC MOSFET Drive Protecting Circuit and its guard method |
| CN110262297A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-09-20 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Relay control device and power supply system |
| CN111211007A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2020-05-29 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Relay holding circuit and battery management system |
| CN111682784A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-09-18 | 聚积科技股份有限公司 | Voltage stabilizing system |
| CN109741992A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-05-10 | 上海度普新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of relay driving control system, method and battery management system |
| CN113746462A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-03 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Driving circuit |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023116050A1 (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-06-29 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Driving circuit of relay |
| CN117080018A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-11-17 | 德力西电气有限公司 | Contactor coil control system |
| CN117080018B (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2024-01-19 | 德力西电气有限公司 | Contactor coil control system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023116050A1 (en) | 2023-06-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN114188188A (en) | Driving circuit of relay | |
| EP3072205A1 (en) | Battery management system for controlling an energy storage assembly and method for charging and discharging an energy storage assembly | |
| DE102010053942A1 (en) | Breaking and bypassing circuit for breaking or bypassing cell of battery of vehicle i.e. electric vehicle, has control device designed and programmed to reversibly apply protective switch signal to protective switch for activating switch | |
| WO2019034474A1 (en) | Switch-off device for an electric supply network | |
| EP4096052A1 (en) | Battery protection apparatus and battery system including the same | |
| CN110745025B (en) | Charging fault processing method for electric automobile | |
| EP3671236B1 (en) | Apparatus and method for diagnosing watchdog timer | |
| EP1056623A1 (en) | Device for supplying electric energy | |
| CN100512004C (en) | An automatic failure detection and removal circuit for plate-level single grain crossbar lock | |
| EP3624164B1 (en) | Relay operation state maintaining device and electronic device including the same | |
| CN111699605B (en) | Battery control device | |
| CN112879649B (en) | Control circuit for peak holding type solenoid valve | |
| DE102011122042A1 (en) | Circuit arrangement for electrical system of vehicle, has main control unit that detects charge state of battery, and auxiliary control unit that controls circuit breaker to connect electric load and main control unit with battery | |
| EP3839539A1 (en) | Method, system and apparatus for diagnosing malfunction in a power distribution unit | |
| EP2553789B1 (en) | Vehicle electrical circuit and control device for stabilising its voltage | |
| CN111516497B (en) | Load control method and circuit, battery management system and vehicle | |
| DE102013219282A1 (en) | Method for checking a sleep mode of a cell monitoring circuit and lithium-ion secondary battery | |
| CN114217216A (en) | Relay detection circuit and detection method and system thereof | |
| CN114290901A (en) | Voltage monitoring method, voltage monitoring device and electric automobile | |
| KR20210052229A (en) | Electric leakage detecting apparatus, electric leakage detecting method, and electric vehicle | |
| WO2015043887A1 (en) | Method for storing an error of a cell monitoring circuit, and lithium-ion rechargeable battery | |
| CN107825969B (en) | Electronic lock control method and device for charging gun head of electric vehicle and electronic lock device | |
| CN112368931A (en) | System for controlling a switch and switch arm | |
| DE102018006582A1 (en) | Battery for a motor vehicle and vehicle electrical system | |
| CN116311615A (en) | Electronic lock circuit, diagnosis control method and storage medium for battery management system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |