CN114187731A - Electric motor car smog warning detecting system and electric motor car - Google Patents

Electric motor car smog warning detecting system and electric motor car Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114187731A
CN114187731A CN202111491516.7A CN202111491516A CN114187731A CN 114187731 A CN114187731 A CN 114187731A CN 202111491516 A CN202111491516 A CN 202111491516A CN 114187731 A CN114187731 A CN 114187731A
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China
Prior art keywords
resistor
smoke alarm
power
smoke
capacitor
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CN202111491516.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
宋德周
沈长海
刘禹
殷小明
舒晓明
郎敏
胡实
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Yadea Technology Group Co Ltd
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Yadea Technology Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111491516.7A priority Critical patent/CN114187731A/en
Publication of CN114187731A publication Critical patent/CN114187731A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B3/00—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems
    • G08B3/10—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a smoke alarm detection system of an electric vehicle and the electric vehicle, wherein the system comprises: the smoke alarm unit is used for detecting the smoke concentration of the electric vehicle and controlling an alarm component of the smoke alarm unit to alarm the smoke when the smoke concentration exceeds a first preset concentration limit value; the control and communication unit is used for acquiring the smoke concentration and generating early warning prompt information to be sent to an external terminal to perform early warning prompt when the smoke concentration exceeds a second preset concentration limit value; the second preset concentration limit value is smaller than the first preset concentration limit value; the power supply unit comprises an electric vehicle power battery and a standby battery; when the power battery of the electric vehicle is normal, the power supply switching unit switches the power battery to supply power for the smoke alarm unit and the control and communication unit; when the power battery is abnormal or charged, the power supply switching unit switches the standby battery to supply power for the smoke alarm unit and the control and communication unit, so that the use stability and safety of the electric vehicle are improved.

Description

Electric motor car smog warning detecting system and electric motor car
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to an electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system and an electric vehicle.
Background
Along with the continuous upgrading and upgrading of the electric two-wheeled vehicle, the intelligent degree is higher and higher, the intelligentization mainly shows in the aspects of a safety system, an energy system and a central control system, and how to better improve the performance and the safety of the whole vehicle is the trend of intelligent development.
Electronic circuit ageing or circuit components and parts break down in the vehicle inside all can produce great influence to vehicle and personal safety, when circuit and components and parts have not damaged completely yet, although probably produce a small amount of smog, because smog concentration is lower, the user often can't be perceived through the sense of smell, need detect through a smoke alarm. In addition, in emergency situations (such as failure of a large power high-voltage battery, short circuit of the battery, ignition of a charger, spontaneous combustion of the whole vehicle caused by ignition of the charger, and spontaneous combustion caused by short circuit failure of devices in the electric vehicle), emergency early warning cannot be performed at the first time, and the use stability and safety of the vehicle are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system and an electric vehicle, which aim to improve the use stability and safety of the electric vehicle.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system, including:
the smoke alarm unit is used for detecting the smoke concentration of the electric vehicle and controlling an alarm component of the smoke alarm unit to alarm smoke when the smoke concentration exceeds a first preset concentration limit value;
the control and communication unit is connected with the smoke alarm and is used for acquiring the smoke concentration and generating early warning prompt information to be sent to an external terminal for early warning prompt when the smoke concentration exceeds a second preset concentration limit value; wherein the second preset concentration limit value is smaller than the first preset concentration limit value;
the power supply unit is connected with the control and communication unit through the power supply switching unit; the power supply unit comprises a power battery and a standby battery of the electric vehicle; when the power battery of the electric vehicle is normal, the power supply switching unit switches the power battery to supply power to the smoke alarm unit and the control and communication unit; and when the power battery is abnormal or charged, the power supply switching unit switches the standby battery to supply power to the smoke alarm unit and the control and communication unit.
Optionally, the smoke alarm unit includes:
the smoke sensor detection circuit comprises an infrared light generator, an infrared light receiver and a buzzer; the smoke sensor detection circuit is used for generating a smoke warning instruction to control the buzzer to give an alarm when the smoke concentration between the infrared light receiver and the infrared light generator exceeds a first preset concentration limit value.
Optionally, the smoke sensor detection circuit includes a smoke alarm module, and a gain adjustment circuit, an infrared detection circuit and a buzzer alarm circuit connected to the smoke alarm module;
the beneficial adjusting circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor which are sequentially connected end to end, wherein a first power supply signal is input to one end of the first resistor, and one end of the third resistor is connected with a fourth port of the smoke alarm module; the circuit also comprises a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor; the second resistor is a slide rheostat, and a sliding end of the second resistor is connected with the first end of the first capacitor, the first end of the second capacitor and the first end of the fifth capacitor; a second end of the first capacitor is connected with a first port of the smoke alarm module, and a second end of the second capacitor is connected with a second port of the smoke alarm module through the fourth resistor; the gain adjusting circuit is used for adjusting the gain of an amplifier inside the smoke alarm module by sliding the sliding end of the second resistor;
the infrared detection circuit comprises the infrared light generator, an infrared light receiver, a third capacitor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor and a first transistor; the first end of the infrared light receiver is connected with the sliding end of the second resistor, and the second end of the infrared light receiver is connected with the third port of the smoke alarm module; the control end of the first transistor is connected with the sixth port of the smoke alarm module, the first end of the first transistor is connected with the second end of the infrared light generator, and the second end of the first transistor is grounded through the seventh resistor; the first end of the infrared light generator is connected with the second end of the sixth resistor and the second end of the third capacitor, a first power signal is input into the first end of the sixth resistor, and the first end of the third capacitor is grounded; a seventh port of the smoke alarm module sends the smoke concentration to the control and communication unit; the infrared light receiver is used for disconnecting the sliding end of the second resistor from the third port of the smoke alarm module to adjust the potential of the third port when the received brightness of the infrared light generator is smaller than the on brightness;
the buzzer alarm circuit comprises a fourth capacitor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor and the buzzer; a first end of the buzzer is connected with a first end of the fourth capacitor and a second end of the eighth resistor, and a first end of the eighth resistor is connected with a tenth port of the smoke alarm and a first end of the ninth resistor; the second end of the buzzer is connected with the second end of the fourth capacitor and the ninth port of the smoke alarm module; the third end of the buzzer is connected with the second end of the ninth resistor and the eighth port of the smoke alarm module; and the smoke alarm module is used for controlling the buzzer to alarm when the infrared light receiver is disconnected.
Optionally, the smoke sensor detection circuit further includes an oscillation adjusting circuit, a low-power prompting circuit and a power-on self-test circuit, which are connected to the smoke alarm module;
the oscillation adjusting circuit comprises a fifth capacitor, a tenth resistor and an eleventh resistor; the fifth capacitor and the tenth resistor are connected in parallel, and a first common connection end of the fifth capacitor and the tenth resistor is connected with a twelfth port of the smoke alarm module and a thirteenth port of the smoke alarm module through the eleventh resistor; a second common connecting end of the fifth capacitor and the tenth resistor is connected with the anode of the low-voltage prompting diode; the oscillation adjusting circuit is used for adjusting the working frequency of an oscillator in the smoke alarm module;
the low-power prompting circuit comprises the low-voltage prompting diode, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor and a fourteenth resistor; the negative electrode of the low-voltage prompting diode is connected with the eleventh port of the smoke alarm module through the twelfth resistor, and is connected with the first end of the first resistor sequentially through a thirteenth resistor and a fourteenth resistor which are connected in series; the fourteenth resistor is connected with one end of the first resistor, and the first power supply signal is input into the fourteenth resistor; the common connecting end of the thirteenth resistor and the fourteenth resistor is connected with the fifteenth port of the smoke alarm module; the low-voltage prompting circuit is used for controlling the low-voltage prompting diode to emit light for prompting when the potential of the fifteenth port is smaller than a preset voltage;
the power-on self-test circuit comprises a second transistor and a sixth capacitor, wherein the control end of the second transistor is connected with the control and communication unit and is grounded through the sixth capacitor; a first end of the second transistor is used for inputting the first power supply signal, and a second end of the second transistor is connected with a sixteenth port of the smoke alarm module; the power-on self-test circuit is used for adjusting the potential of a sixteenth port of the smoke alarm module when receiving the power-on signal sent by the control and communication unit so as to trigger the self-test function of the smoke alarm module.
Optionally, the electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system further includes a power conversion circuit, and the power conversion circuit is configured to convert the power signal provided by the power supply unit into a first power signal, so as to provide a working voltage for the smoke alarm unit.
Optionally, the power conversion circuit includes a boost driving chip, a fifteenth resistor, a sixteenth resistor, a seventeenth resistor, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor, a first inductor, and a first diode; a first end of the fifteenth resistor, a first end of the seventh capacitor, a first end of the first inductor, and a fifth port of the boost driving chip input a voltage signal provided by the power supply unit, a second end of the seventh capacitor is grounded, and a second end of the fifteenth resistor is connected with a fourth port of the boost driving chip; the second end of the first inductor is connected with the anode of the first diode and the first port of the boosting driving chip, and the cathode of the first diode outputs the working voltage of the smoke alarm unit; the first end of the sixteenth resistor is connected with the cathode of the first diode and the first end of the eighth capacitor, the second end of the sixteenth resistor is connected with the third port of the boost driving chip and the first end of the seventeenth resistor, and the second end of the seventeenth resistor and the second end of the eighth capacitor are grounded.
Optionally, the power switching unit includes a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a ninth capacitor, an eighteenth resistor, a nineteenth resistor, and a third transistor, an anode of the second diode and an anode of the third diode are connected to the voltage conversion circuit of the power battery, a cathode of the second diode and a cathode of the third diode are both electrically connected to a first end of the third transistor, a second end of the third transistor is connected to the backup battery, a control end of the third transistor is connected to a second end of the eighteenth resistor and a first end of the nineteenth resistor, a first end of the eighteenth resistor is connected to the voltage conversion circuit of the power battery, a second end of the nineteenth resistor is grounded, and the ninth capacitor is connected in parallel to two ends of the nineteenth resistor; and the cathode of the second diode, the cathode of the third diode and the common connection end of the first end of the three transistors are power supply output ends after the power supply switching unit switches the power supply.
Optionally, the power supply unit further includes:
the first charging circuit is used for charging the power battery; the first charging circuit is in communication connection with the control and communication unit, and the control and communication unit is further used for controlling the first charging circuit to stop charging the power battery when the power battery is abnormal;
and the second charging circuit is used for charging the standby battery through the power battery when the power battery works normally.
Optionally, the second temperature collecting unit further includes:
the control and communication unit is also used for acquiring the internal temperature data of the battery cell of the power battery through the 485 communication circuit;
the control and communication unit is also used for acquiring the internal temperature data of the electric vehicle controller through the 485 communication circuit.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electric vehicle, including the electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system according to any one of the first aspects.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the fire state of the electric vehicle is monitored in real time through the smoke alarm unit, the fire point is identified, and the alarm component of the smoke alarm unit is controlled to give an alarm prompt; in addition, through the power supply switching unit, when the power battery of the electric vehicle is normal, the power battery is switched to supply power for the smoke alarm unit and the control and communication unit; and when the power battery is abnormal or charged, the standby battery is switched to supply power for the smoke alarm unit and the control and communication unit. When the power battery cannot work and the whole electric control system of the electric vehicle is not started, the smoke alarm unit can still collect the safety monitoring data of the electric vehicle, and when the smoke concentration exceeds a second preset concentration limit value, the control and communication unit generates early warning prompt information and sends the early warning prompt information to an external terminal to perform early warning prompt; the second preset concentration limit value is smaller than the first preset concentration limit value, so that a user can receive early warning information in advance to check and protect before the electric vehicle catches fire, and the safety and the stability of the electric vehicle and the safety of lives and properties of the user are guaranteed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system provided by an embodiment of the invention;
figure 2 is a circuit diagram of a smoke sensor detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a power conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a power switching unit according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of another power conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a second charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
The embodiment of the invention provides an electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system provided by the embodiment of the invention, and referring to fig. 1, the electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system comprises:
the smoke alarm unit 10 is used for detecting the smoke concentration of the electric vehicle, and controlling an alarm component of the smoke alarm unit 10 to alarm the smoke when the smoke concentration exceeds a first preset concentration limit value;
the control and communication unit 20 is connected with the smoke alarm, and is used for acquiring smoke concentration and generating early warning prompt information to be sent to an external terminal for early warning prompt when the smoke concentration exceeds a second preset concentration limit value; wherein the second preset concentration limit value is smaller than the first preset concentration limit value;
a power supply unit 30 and a power supply switching unit 40, the power supply unit 30 being connected to the control and communication unit 20 through the power supply switching unit 40; the power supply unit 30 includes an electric vehicle power battery 31 and a backup battery 32; when the power battery 31 of the electric vehicle is normal, the power supply switching unit 40 switches the power battery 31 to supply power for the smoke alarm unit 10 and the control and communication unit 20; the power switching unit 40 switches the backup battery 32 to supply power to the smoke alarm unit 10 and the control and communication unit 20 when the power battery 31 is abnormal or charged.
Specifically, the smoke alarm detection system for the electric vehicle comprises a smoke alarm unit 10, a control and communication unit 20, a power supply unit 30 and a power supply switching unit 40. In emergency situations of the electric vehicle, such as short circuit and fire of the power battery 31, spontaneous combustion of the whole vehicle caused by fire of the charger, and spontaneous combustion caused by short circuit and failure of devices in the electric vehicle, smoke can be generated. The smoke alarm unit 10 is arranged on the electric vehicle and used for detecting the smoke concentration of the electric vehicle and controlling an alarm component of the smoke alarm unit to alarm the smoke when the smoke concentration exceeds a first preset concentration limit value. The fire state of the electric vehicle is monitored in real time through the smoke alarm unit 10, the fire point is identified, and the alarm component of the smoke alarm unit is controlled to give an alarm prompt. The alarm part can comprise a buzzer for sound alarm and also can comprise a light-emitting device for light alarm.
The control and communication unit 20 is connected to a smoke alarm and the smoke alarm unit 10 may send the detected smoke concentration to the control and communication unit 20. Control and communication unit 20 may include a 4G-IOT locator. The control and communication unit 20 is used for generating early warning prompt information and sending the early warning prompt information to an external terminal when the smoke concentration exceeds a second preset concentration limit value so as to perform early warning prompt. The external terminal can comprise a mobile phone, a computer or a tablet and the like. Wherein the second preset concentration limit value is smaller than the first preset concentration limit value; the electric vehicle can receive early warning information in advance for checking and protecting before the electric vehicle catches fire, and the safety and the stability of the electric vehicle and the life and property safety of a user are guaranteed.
In addition, when the smoke alarm unit 10 triggers the alarm part to alarm, the spontaneous combustion alarm can be reported through the control and communication unit 20, and the current state of the electric vehicle (such as the temperature of the power battery 31, the battery state information, the smoke concentration of the electric vehicle, the position information of the electric vehicle and the like) can be sent to the APP terminal of the mobile phone of the relevant vehicle owner through the network. The control and communication unit 20 is further configured to obtain the internal cell temperature data of the power battery 31 through the 485 communication circuit 60; the internal temperature data of the electric vehicle controller 70 is acquired through the 485 communication circuit 60. And acquiring the position information of the electric vehicle through a GPS. The control and communication unit can also be connected with a power battery management system of the electric vehicle through a KLINE communication data acquisition circuit, and is used for acquiring temperature information of the power battery management system through the KLINE communication data acquisition circuit and acquiring at least one of electric quantity information, current information and battery state information of the power battery 31. After the car owner APP receives emergency alarm, if the APP can normally control the car, the battery power voltage is inquired, and after the temperature and other relevant information of other parts, after the smoke sensor false alarm is ensured, the smoke alarm emergency alarm function is released by sending an instruction to the smoke alarm unit 10 through the mobile phone APP, and the alarm part of the smoke alarm unit 10 stops working.
The power supply unit 30 includes an electric vehicle power battery 31 and a backup battery 32; the power supply unit 30 is connected to the control and communication unit 20 and the smoke alarm unit 10 via the power switching unit 40. When the power battery 31 of the electric vehicle is normal, the power supply switching unit 40 switches the power battery 31 to supply power for the smoke alarm unit 10 and the control and communication unit 20; the power switching unit 40 switches the backup battery 32 to supply power to the smoke alarm unit 10 and the control and communication unit 20 when the power battery 31 is abnormal or charged. The power battery 31 of the whole vehicle is a high-voltage battery, and the standby small battery is used for supplying power under low voltage, for example, the voltage range of the power battery 31 can include 48V-72V, and the voltage range of the standby battery 32 is 4.2V. When the power battery 31 of the whole vehicle is short-circuited, is charging or damaged and cannot supply power, the power supply switching unit 40 automatically cuts off the power supply circuit of the power battery 31 and starts the standby small battery to supply power for the smoke alarm unit 10 and the control and communication unit 20. Through the power supply switching unit 40, when the power battery 31 cannot work and the electric control system of the whole vehicle is not started, the smoke alarm unit 10 can still collect the safety monitoring data of the electric vehicle, and when the smoke concentration exceeds a second preset concentration limit value, the control and communication unit 20 generates early warning prompt information and sends the early warning prompt information to an external terminal to perform functions such as early warning prompt and the like.
The smoke alarm detection system for the electric vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a smoke alarm unit, a control and communication unit, a power supply unit and a power supply switching unit. Monitoring the fire state of the electric vehicle in real time through a smoke alarm unit, identifying the fire point, and controlling an alarm component of the smoke alarm unit to send out an alarm prompt; in addition, through the power supply switching unit, when the power battery of the electric vehicle is normal, the power battery is switched to supply power for the smoke alarm unit and the control and communication unit; when the power battery is abnormal or charged, the standby battery is switched to supply power for the smoke alarm unit 10 and the control and communication unit. When the power battery cannot work and the whole electric control system of the electric vehicle is not started, the smoke alarm unit can still collect the safety monitoring data of the electric vehicle, and when the smoke concentration exceeds a second preset concentration limit value, the control and communication unit generates early warning prompt information and sends the early warning prompt information to an external terminal to perform early warning prompt; the second preset concentration limit value is smaller than the first preset concentration limit value, so that a user can receive early warning information in advance to check and protect before the electric vehicle catches fire, and the safety and the stability of the electric vehicle and the safety of lives and properties of the user are guaranteed.
Optionally, when the smoke alarm unit 10 triggers an alarm component to alarm, the control and communication unit 20 may upload information of relevant components of the electric vehicle at this time, such as temperature and/or voltage information of components of a battery management system, a power battery, a charger, a controller, and the like, to the cloud platform, so as to provide data for finding reasons of an emergency event to perform data analysis.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 1, the smoke alarm unit 10 comprises:
the smoke sensor detection circuit comprises an infrared light generator LED2, an infrared light receiver LD1 and a buzzer BZ 1; the smoke sensor detection circuit is used for generating a smoke warning instruction to control the buzzer BZ1 to alarm when the smoke concentration between the infrared light receiver LD1 and the infrared light generator LED2 exceeds a first preset concentration limit value.
Specifically, the infrared generator LED2 emits light outwards within a certain range, thereby achieving the function of controlling signals, and is widely applied to the fields of infrared receivers such as consumer electronics, industry and communication, and data transmission technology. The infrared receiver LD1 is a device capable of receiving infrared signals and independently performing reception and output from infrared rays compatible with TTL level signals, and is suitable for various infrared remote controls and infrared data transmission. When the electric vehicle is in emergency, if the power battery 31 is in short circuit and is on fire, the charger is on fire to cause spontaneous combustion of the whole vehicle, and the internal devices of the electric vehicle are in short circuit and lose efficacy to cause spontaneous combustion, so that smoke can be generated. Smog concentration between infrared light receiver and the infrared light generator can influence the luminous intensity that infrared light receiver LD1 received infrared light generator LED2, and then influence the voltage signal that the infrared ray was received and send out the ware output, when smog concentration between infrared light receiver LD1 and infrared light generator LED2 surpassed first preset concentration limit value, the voltage signal that the infrared ray was sent out and send out the ware output is lower, be equivalent to the state of disconnection, smog sensor detection circuitry generated smog warning instruction this moment reports to the police with control bee calling organ BZ 1.
Optionally, fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a smoke sensor detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 2, the smoke sensor detection circuit includes a smoke alarm module, and a gain adjustment circuit, an infrared detection circuit, and a buzzer alarm circuit that are connected to the smoke alarm module.
The beneficial regulating circuit comprises a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3 which are sequentially connected end to end, wherein a first power supply signal is input to one end of the first resistor R1, and one end of the third resistor R3 is connected with the fourth port 4 of the smoke alarm module U3; the circuit also comprises a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5; the second resistor R2 is a sliding rheostat, and a sliding end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the first end of the first capacitor C1, the first end of the second capacitor C2 and the first end of the fifth resistor R5; a second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first port 1 of the smoke alarm module U3, and a second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the second port of the smoke alarm module U3 via a fourth resistor R4; the gain adjusting circuit is used for adjusting the gain of an internal amplifier of the smoke alarm module U3 by sliding the sliding end of the second resistor R2;
the infrared detection circuit comprises an infrared light generator LED2, an infrared light receiver LD1, a third capacitor C3, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7 and a first transistor Q1; a first end of the infrared light receiver LD1 is connected with a sliding end of the second resistor R2, and a second end of the infrared light receiver LD1 is connected with a third port 3 of the smoke alarm module U3; the control end of the first transistor Q1 is connected with the sixth port 6 of the smoke alarm module U3, the first end of the first transistor Q1 is connected with the second end of the infrared light generator LED2, and the second end of the first transistor Q1 is grounded through a seventh resistor R7; a first end of the infrared light generator LED2 is connected with a second end of the sixth resistor R6 and a second end of the third capacitor C3, a first end of the sixth resistor R6 inputs a first power signal, and a first end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded; the seventh port 7 of the smoke alarm module U3 sends the smoke concentration to the control and communication unit 20; the infrared light receiver LD1 is used for disconnecting the sliding end of the second resistor R2 from the third port 3 of the smoke alarm module U3 to adjust the potential of the third port 3 when the received brightness of the infrared light generator LED2 is less than the on brightness;
the buzzer alarm circuit comprises a fourth capacitor C4, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9 and a buzzer BZ 1; a first end of the buzzer BZ1 is connected with a first end of a fourth capacitor C4 and a second end of an eighth resistor R8, and a first end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with a tenth port 10 of the smoke alarm module U3 and a first end of a ninth resistor R9; a second end of the buzzer BZ1 is connected with a second end of the fourth capacitor C4 and a ninth port 9 of the smoke alarm module U3; the third end of the buzzer BZ1 is connected with the second end of the ninth resistor R9 and the eighth port 8 of the smoke alarm module U3; the smoke alarm module U3 is used for controlling the buzzer BZ1 to alarm when the infrared light receiver LD1 is disconnected.
Specifically, the gain adjustment circuit inputs power (obtained by converting the power supplied by the power supply unit 30, and the exemplary power input to the smoke sensor detection circuit is VD _9V in fig. 2) to the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3, which are connected in series. The second resistor R38 is a sliding rheostat, the voltage value provided to the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 by the external knob adjustment is fed back to the first port 1 of the smoke alarm module U3 by the first capacitor C1, and the voltage value fed back to the second port 2 of the smoke alarm module U3 by the second capacitor C2 and the fourth resistor R4 is used as a reference voltage, and the reference voltage can change the gain of the internal amplifier of the smoke alarm module U3, and adjust the voltage value that the infrared light receiver LD1 can be conducted, thereby adjusting the sensitivity of the smoke alarm.
The infrared detection circuit consists of an infrared light generator LED2, an infrared receiver LD1, a first transistor (triode) Q1, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7 and a third capacitor C3. The sixth port 6 of the smoke alarm module U3 controls the on/off of the transistor Q6, thereby controlling the on/off of the infrared light generator LED 2. When the transistor Q1 is turned on, the infrared light generator LED2 emits light. The infrared receiver LD1 can adjust its own conduction state by sensing the intensity of the brightness of the LED2, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the change in the voltage signal level at the third port 3 of the smoke alarm module U3. When the smoke concentration between the external receiver LD1 and the infrared light generator LED2 reaches a fixed threshold (a first preset concentration limit value), the infrared receiver LD1 senses that the brightness of the LED2 is weak, so that the infrared receiver LD1 is turned off, the voltage signal of the third port 3 of the smoke alarm module U3 becomes low, and the alarm function is triggered.
The buzzing alarm circuit consists of an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a fourth capacitor C4 and a buzzer BZ1, and after the smoke alarm module U3 triggers an alarm function, an internal alarm mechanism is started to control the electric potentials of an eighth port 8, a ninth port 9 and a tenth port 10 of the smoke alarm module U3 so as to drive the buzzer BZ1 in the buzzing alarm circuit to sound. Meanwhile, the seventh port 7 of the smoke alarm module U3 outputs alarm data to the SM-IO port of the 4G-IOT locator.
Optionally, with continued reference to fig. 2, the smoke sensor detection circuit further includes an oscillation adjusting circuit, a low-power prompting circuit, and a power-on self-test circuit, which are connected to the smoke alarm module;
the oscillation regulating circuit comprises a fifth capacitor C5, a tenth resistor R10 and an eleventh resistor R11; a fifth capacitor C5 and a tenth resistor R10 are connected in parallel, and a first common connection of the fifth capacitor C5 and the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the twelfth port 12 of the smoke alarm module U3 and to the thirteenth port 13 of the smoke alarm module U3 via an eleventh resistor R11; a second common connection end of the fifth capacitor C5 and the tenth resistor R10 is connected with the anode of the low-voltage prompt diode LED 1; the oscillation adjusting circuit is used for adjusting the working frequency of an oscillator in the smoke alarm module U3;
the low-power prompting circuit comprises a low-power prompting diode LED1, a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13 and a fourteenth resistor R14; the negative electrode of the low-voltage prompting diode LED1 is connected with the eleventh port 11 of the smoke alarm module U3 through a twelfth resistor R12, and is connected with the first end of the first resistor R1 through a thirteenth resistor R13 and a fourteenth resistor R14 which are connected in series in sequence; the fourteenth resistor R14 has one end connected with the first resistor R1 for inputting the first power signal; the common connection end of the thirteenth resistor R13 and the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected with the fifteenth port 15 of the smoke alarm module U3; the low-power prompting circuit is used for controlling the low-power prompting diode LED1 to give out light for prompting when the potential of the fifteenth port 15 is smaller than a preset voltage;
the power-on self-test circuit comprises a second transistor Q2 and a sixth capacitor C6, wherein the control end of the second transistor Q2 is connected with the control and communication unit 20 and is grounded through the sixth capacitor C6; a first end of the second transistor Q2 inputs a first power supply signal, and a second end of the second transistor Q2 is connected with the sixteenth port 16 of the smoke alarm module U3; the power-on self-test circuit is used for adjusting the potential of the sixteenth port 16 of the smoke alarm module U3 when receiving a power-on signal sent by the control and communication unit 20 so as to trigger the self-test function of the smoke alarm module.
Specifically, the oscillation adjusting circuit is composed of a fifth capacitor C5, a tenth resistor R10 and an eleventh resistor R11, and the operating frequency of the oscillator inside the smoke alarm module U3 can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance of the eleventh resistor R11 and the capacitance of the fifth capacitor C5.
In the low-power prompt circuit, the low-voltage prompt diode LED1 is a light emitting diode. The input first power signal (the power signal VD _9V in the figure) is divided by the fourteenth resistor R14, the thirteenth resistor R13 and the twelfth resistor R12 to obtain a voltage, the voltage is input to the fifteenth port 15 of the smoke alarm module U3, and the voltage is compared by the voltage comparator inside the smoke alarm module U3, when the voltage input from the fifteenth port 15 is too low, the smoke alarm module U3 controls the electric potential of the anode of the low-voltage prompt diode LED1 to be higher than the electric potential of the cathode of the low-voltage prompt diode LED1, so that the low-voltage prompt diode LED1 emits light, thereby realizing the effect of low-voltage prompt.
In the power-on self-test circuit, a first end of a second transistor (triode) Q7 inputs a first power supply signal, a second end of a triode Q7 is connected with a sixteenth port 16 of a smoke alarm module U3, and a control end (base) of the triode Q7 is connected with a sixth capacitor C6 and a TE end of a 4G-IOT locator. When the smoke alarm function is started, the power-on self-test circuit starts the self-test function of the smoke alarm, the triode Q7 is started by starting the base high level of the triode Q7, after the sixteenth port 16 of the smoke alarm module U3 detects potential change, the simulation alarm function is started inside the smoke alarm module U3, meanwhile, the seventh port 7 of the smoke alarm module U3 outputs an alarm signal, and the whole vehicle system judges whether the smoke alarm is normally started or not through the read output alarm signal.
Optionally, referring to fig. 1, the smoke alarm detecting system for an electric vehicle further includes a power conversion circuit 50, which is configured to convert the power provided by the power supply unit 30 into the operating voltage (first power signal) of the smoke alarm unit 10.
Specifically, fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a power conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 3 and fig. 1, the power conversion circuit includes a boost driver chip U10, a fifteenth resistor R15, a sixteenth resistor R16, a seventeenth resistor R17, a seventh capacitor C7, an eighth capacitor C8, a first inductor L1, and a first diode D1; a first end of the fifteenth resistor R15, a first end of the seventh capacitor C7, a first end of the first inductor L1, and a fifth port 5 of the boost driver chip U10 input a power supply signal provided by the power supply unit 30, a second end of the seventh capacitor C7 is grounded, and a second end of the fifteenth resistor R15 is connected to the fourth port 4 of the boost driver chip U10; a second end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the anode of the first diode D1 and the first port 1 of the boost driving chip U10, and the cathode of the first diode D1 outputs the working voltage of the smoke alarm unit 10; a first end of the sixteenth resistor R16 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1 and the first end of the eighth capacitor C8, a second end of the sixteenth resistor R16 is connected to the third port 3 of the boost driver chip U10 and the first end of the seventeenth resistor R17, and a second end of the seventeenth resistor R17 and the second end of the eighth capacitor C8 are grounded.
The circuit is a direct current-to-direct current (DC-DC) boost circuit, and exemplarily converts a voltage signal 4.3V output by the power supply unit 30 into an operating voltage 9V of the smoke alarm unit 10, which is used for supplying power to the smoke sensing unit. The boost driving chip U10 mainly functions as a switching power supply driving control and an output voltage control. The seventh capacitor C7 is an input filter capacitor, and smoothes the voltage at the input end, thereby stabilizing the output voltage; the fifteenth resistor R15 is a pull-up enabling resistor of the boost driver chip U10, and is enabled by default when the input voltage is electrified. The first inductor L2 is a power inductor and mainly has the functions of storing energy and stopping releasing energy to output when an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube in the U10 is switched on; the first diode D1 is a freewheeling diode; the sixteenth resistor R16 and the seventeenth resistor R17 are feedback resistors and are used for detecting the voltage of the output end to achieve the purpose of stabilizing the output end; the eighth capacitor C8 is an output filter capacitor for smoothing the voltage at the output terminal.
Alternatively, fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a power switching unit 40 according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 4 and in conjunction with fig. 1, the power switching unit 40 includes a second diode D2, a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4, a ninth capacitor C9, an eighteenth resistor R18, a nineteenth resistor R19 and a third transistor Q3, an anode of the second diode D2 and an anode of the third diode D3 are connected to the voltage conversion circuit 34 of the power battery 31, a cathode of the second diode D2 and a cathode of the third diode D3 are both electrically connected to a first end of the third transistor Q3, a second end of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the backup battery 32, a control end of the third transistor Q3 is connected to a second end of the eighteenth resistor R18 and a first end of the nineteenth resistor R19, a first end of the eighteenth resistor R18 is connected to the voltage conversion circuit 34 of the power battery 31, a ninth end of the resistor R19 is connected to ground, the ninth capacitor C9 is connected in parallel with two ends of the nineteenth resistor R19; a common connection terminal of the cathode of the second diode D2, the cathode of the third diode D3, and the first end of the three transistor Q3 is a power output terminal after the power switching unit 40 switches the power.
Specifically, the principle of the working mechanism of the power switching unit 40 for switching the two power supplies is as follows: the dual power supplies refer to external power supply (voltage provided by the power battery 31 and converted by the voltage conversion circuit 34) and power supply of the built-in lithium battery (standby battery 32) of the system. The converted voltage is exemplarily shown as direct current 5V in fig. 4, and may be other voltage values, which are not limited herein. The external DC5V supply is output directly through the second diode D2 and the third diode D3. The voltage (BAT) of the backup battery 32 is output through the MOS transistor Q3. When external 5V power supply exists, the 5V voltage controls the grid electrode of the MOS transistor Q3 through the resistor R18, the resistor R19 and the capacitor C9, so that the MOS transistor Q3 is in a cut-off state, and the standby battery 32 cannot provide power output for the system at this time. That is, when the external power DC5V cannot supply power, the clamping voltage at the gate of the control MOS transistor Q3 disappears, the MOS transistor Q3 is turned on, and the system power is switched from the external power DC5V to the voltage (BAT) of the backup battery 32. When the external power DC5V is switched on, the clamping voltage of the grid electrode of the control MOS tube Q3 appears, the MOS tube Q3 is cut off, and the system power supply is switched from the voltage (BAT) of the lithium battery to the external power DC 5V.
The voltage conversion circuit 34 of the power battery 31 is a buck circuit (voltage-reducing conversion circuit), and its main function is to convert the power of the power battery 31 into the power voltage required by the system. Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of another power conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of the invention; referring to fig. 5, the voltage conversion circuit includes a protection circuit and a voltage dropping circuit. The protection circuit is composed of a diode D5, a diode D6, a diode D7, a capacitor C10 and a capacitor C11. The diode D5 and the diode D6 function as reverse connection prevention, when the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power battery 31 are connected reversely, the whole circuit is not conducted due to the characteristics of the diodes, and no current flows in the whole circuit at the moment, so that the protection effect is achieved. Diode D7 is the high power surge pipe, and its effect is surge protection, and at the electric motor car power-on in the twinkling of an eye, because each part load capacitance problem, the surge current that produces in the twinkling of an eye of power on the power pencil can reach tens of amperes, and is higher even, and the surge reaches diode D7 position, can be absorbed in the twinkling of an eye, avoids the damage of back level circuit surge. The capacitor C10 and the capacitor C11 are filter capacitors for absorbing spike voltages. The capacitors C16-C21 are filter capacitors at the output end of the switching power supply, smooth the output voltage and reduce ripples.
The voltage reduction circuit comprises a capacitor C12, a capacitor C13, a capacitor C14, a resistor R20, a resistor R21, a transistor Q4, a switching power supply chip U2, a capacitor C22, an inductor L2, a diode D8, a capacitor C15, a resistor R22, a resistor R22, a resistor R23 and capacitors C166-C21. The capacitors C12 to C14 are filter capacitors at the input end of the switching power supply, and play a role in smoothing input voltage and reducing ripple. The resistor R20, the resistor R21 and the transistor Q4 are used for controlling the input of an enabling signal of the switching power supply chip U2, and the transistor Q4 is connected with a port DC-EN of the 4G-IOT positioner. The switching power supply chip U2 and the diode D8 jointly control the energy storage and release processes of the inductor L2, so that the purpose of voltage reduction is achieved. The capacitor C25, the resistor R22, the resistor R22, the resistor R23 and the capacitor C16 jointly form a voltage feedback circuit, and the purpose of stabilizing output voltage is achieved. The voltage conversion circuit (34 and 50) realizes the low-voltage operation conversion of the smoke sensor (for example, the voltage of 9V) under a power battery (for example, the high voltage of 72V), and the high-voltage operation conversion of the smoke sensor (for example, the voltage of 9V) under a standby battery (for example, the low voltage of 4.2V).
Alternatively, referring to fig. 1, the power supply unit 30 further includes:
a first charging circuit (not shown) for charging the power battery 31; the first charging circuit is in communication connection with the control and communication unit 20, and the control and communication unit 20 is further used for controlling the first charging circuit to stop charging the power battery 31 when the power battery 31 is abnormal;
and a second charging circuit 33, wherein the second charging circuit 33 is used for charging the backup battery 32 through the power battery 31 when the power battery 31 works normally.
Illustratively, the control and communication unit 20 includes a 4G-IOT locator, and when the temperature exceeds 80 degrees during charging of the power battery 31, the 4G-IOT locator sends a local command to the charger (first charging circuit) to control the charger to turn off charging, and the 4G-IOT locator reports the overheating warning and pushes the warning state information to the APP end of the mobile phone of the user. When the power battery 31 is charged and the battery temperature curve changes abnormally, the 4G-IOT locator sends a local instruction to the charger to control the charger to close charging, and the 4G-IOT locator reports the temperature curve abnormality early warning and pushes early warning state information to the APP end of the mobile phone of the user.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a second charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 6, and referring to fig. 1, the second charging circuit 33 includes two parts, namely a charging circuit and a charging completion reminding circuit, a resistor R24 to a resistor R29, a capacitor C24 to a capacitor C26, a charging chip U9, and an internal battery interface J1. Pins 1 and 2 of the battery interface J1 are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the standby battery 32, and pins 3 and 4 of the battery interface J1 are grounded. The resistor R29 is connected with the 2 pins of the charging chip U9, and the resistance value of the resistor R29 can adjust the charging capacity of the charging chip. The voltage provided by the power battery 31 and converted by the voltage conversion circuit 34 is divided by the resistor R24, the resistor R27 and the resistor R28 and then sequentially provided to the pin 4 and the pin 1 of the charging chip U9. The 8 pins and the 4 pins of the charging chip U9 are connected, and the 3 pins and the 9 pins are grounded. The charging chip U9 has a backup battery voltage detection circuit built in, when the voltage of the backup battery 32 is lower than the start threshold, the charging function is automatically started, and the backup battery 32 is charged by outputting the charging voltage through 5 pins. When the voltage of the backup battery 32 reaches a preset voltage value, for example, 4.25V, the charging chip U9 turns off the power supply function, and simultaneously outputs a charging completion signal to the port CHG-INT of the 4G-IOT locator through the 6 pins, the resistors R26, R25, and the capacitor C25, so as to notify that the charging of the entire vehicle system is completed.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 7, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electric vehicle including the electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system according to any of the above embodiments, and fig. 7 exemplarily illustrates a smoke detection unit 10 and a GPS. Have the same technical effect and are not described in detail herein.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. An electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system, comprising:
the smoke alarm unit is used for detecting the smoke concentration of the electric vehicle and controlling an alarm component of the smoke alarm unit to alarm smoke when the smoke concentration exceeds a first preset concentration limit value;
the control and communication unit is connected with the smoke alarm and is used for acquiring the smoke concentration and generating early warning prompt information to be sent to an external terminal for early warning prompt when the smoke concentration exceeds a second preset concentration limit value; wherein the second preset concentration limit value is smaller than the first preset concentration limit value;
the power supply unit is connected with the control and communication unit through the power supply switching unit; the power supply unit comprises a power battery and a standby battery of the electric vehicle; when the power battery of the electric vehicle is normal, the power supply switching unit switches the power battery to supply power to the smoke alarm unit and the control and communication unit; and when the power battery is abnormal or charged, the power supply switching unit switches the standby battery to supply power to the smoke alarm unit and the control and communication unit.
2. The electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system of claim 1, wherein said smoke alarm unit comprises:
the smoke sensor detection circuit comprises an infrared light generator, an infrared light receiver and a buzzer; the smoke sensor detection circuit is used for generating a smoke warning instruction to control the buzzer to give an alarm when the smoke concentration between the infrared light receiver and the infrared light generator exceeds a first preset concentration limit value.
3. The electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system of claim 2, wherein said smoke sensor detection circuit comprises a smoke alarm module and a gain adjustment circuit, an infrared detection circuit and a buzzer alarm circuit connected to said smoke alarm module;
the beneficial adjusting circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor which are sequentially connected end to end, wherein a first end of the first resistor inputs a first power supply signal, and a second end of the third resistor is connected with a fourth port of the smoke alarm module; the circuit also comprises a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor; the second resistor is a slide rheostat, and a sliding end of the second resistor is connected with the first end of the first capacitor, the first end of the second capacitor and the first end of the fifth resistor; a second end of the first capacitor is connected with a first port of the smoke alarm module, and a second end of the second capacitor is connected with a second port of the smoke alarm module through the fourth resistor; the second end of the fifth resistor is connected with the third port of the smoke alarm module; the gain adjusting circuit is used for adjusting the gain of an amplifier inside the smoke alarm module by sliding the sliding end of the second resistor;
the infrared detection circuit comprises the infrared light generator, the infrared light receiver, a third capacitor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor and a first transistor; the first end of the infrared light receiver is connected with the sliding end of the second resistor, and the second end of the infrared light receiver is connected with the third port of the smoke alarm module; the control end of the first transistor is connected with the sixth port of the smoke alarm module, the first end of the first transistor is connected with the second end of the infrared light generator, and the second end of the first transistor is grounded through the seventh resistor; the first end of the infrared light generator is connected with the second end of the sixth resistor and the second end of the third capacitor, a first power signal is input into the first end of the sixth resistor, and the first end of the third capacitor is grounded; a seventh port of the smoke alarm module sends the smoke concentration to the control and communication unit; the infrared light receiver is used for disconnecting the sliding end of the second resistor from the third port of the smoke alarm module to adjust the potential of the third port when the received brightness of the infrared light generator is smaller than the on brightness;
the buzzer alarm circuit comprises a fourth capacitor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor and the buzzer; a first end of the buzzer is connected with a first end of the fourth capacitor and a second end of the eighth resistor, and a first end of the eighth resistor is connected with a tenth port of the smoke alarm and a first end of the ninth resistor; the second end of the buzzer is connected with the second end of the fourth capacitor and the ninth port of the smoke alarm module; the third end of the buzzer is connected with the second end of the ninth resistor and the eighth port of the smoke alarm module; and the smoke alarm module is used for controlling the buzzer to alarm when the infrared light receiver is disconnected.
4. The electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system of claim 3, wherein the smoke sensor detection circuit further comprises an oscillation adjustment circuit, a low power prompt circuit and a power-on self-test circuit connected to the smoke alarm module;
the oscillation adjusting circuit comprises a fifth capacitor, a tenth resistor and an eleventh resistor; the fifth capacitor and the tenth resistor are connected in parallel, and a first common connection end of the fifth capacitor and the tenth resistor is connected with a twelfth port of the smoke alarm module and a thirteenth port of the smoke alarm module through the eleventh resistor; a second common connecting end of the fifth capacitor and the tenth resistor is connected with the anode of the low-voltage prompting diode; the oscillation adjusting circuit is used for adjusting the working frequency of an oscillator in the smoke alarm module;
the low-power prompting circuit comprises the low-voltage prompting diode, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor and a fourteenth resistor; the negative electrode of the low-voltage prompting diode is connected with the eleventh port of the smoke alarm module through the twelfth resistor, and is connected with the first end of the first resistor sequentially through a thirteenth resistor and a fourteenth resistor which are connected in series; the fourteenth resistor is connected with one end of the first resistor, and the first power supply signal is input into the fourteenth resistor; the common connecting end of the thirteenth resistor and the fourteenth resistor is connected with the fifteenth port of the smoke alarm module; the low-voltage prompting circuit is used for controlling the low-voltage prompting diode to emit light for prompting when the potential of the fifteenth port is smaller than a preset voltage;
the power-on self-test circuit comprises a second transistor and a sixth capacitor, wherein the control end of the second transistor is connected with the control and communication unit and is grounded through the sixth capacitor; a first end of the second transistor is used for inputting the first power supply signal, and a second end of the second transistor is connected with a sixteenth port of the smoke alarm module; the power-on self-test circuit is used for adjusting the potential of a sixteenth port of the smoke alarm module when receiving the power-on signal sent by the control and communication unit so as to trigger the self-test function of the smoke alarm module.
5. The electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system of claim 1, further comprising a power conversion circuit for converting a power signal provided by the power supply unit to a first power signal to provide an operating voltage for the smoke alarm unit.
6. The electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system of claim 5, wherein the power conversion circuit comprises a boost driver chip, a fifteenth resistor, a sixteenth resistor, a seventeenth resistor, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor, a first inductor and a first diode; a first end of the fifteenth resistor, a first end of the seventh capacitor, a first end of the first inductor, and a fifth port of the boost driving chip input a power supply signal provided by the power supply unit, a second end of the seventh capacitor is grounded, and a second end of the fifteenth resistor is connected with a fourth port of the boost driving chip; the second end of the first inductor is connected with the anode of the first diode and the first port of the boosting driving chip, and the cathode of the first diode outputs the working voltage of the smoke alarm unit; the first end of the sixteenth resistor is connected with the cathode of the first diode and the first end of the eighth capacitor, the second end of the sixteenth resistor is connected with the third port of the boost driving chip and the first end of the seventeenth resistor, and the second end of the seventeenth resistor and the second end of the eighth capacitor are grounded.
7. The electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system according to claim 1, wherein the power switching unit comprises a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a ninth capacitor, an eighteenth resistor, a nineteenth resistor and a third transistor, wherein an anode of the second diode and an anode of the third diode are connected to the voltage conversion circuit of the power battery, a cathode of the second diode and a cathode of the third diode are both electrically connected to a first end of the third transistor, a second end of the third transistor is connected to the backup battery, a control end of the third transistor is connected to a second end of the eighteenth resistor and a first end of the nineteenth resistor, a first end of the eighteenth resistor is connected to the voltage conversion circuit of the power battery, and a second end of the nineteenth resistor is grounded, the ninth capacitor is connected in parallel to two ends of the nineteenth resistor; and the cathode of the second diode, the cathode of the third diode and the common connection end of the first end of the three transistors are power supply output ends after the power supply switching unit switches the power supply.
8. The electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system of claim 1, wherein said power supply unit further comprises:
the first charging circuit is used for charging the power battery; the first charging circuit is in communication connection with the control and communication unit, and the control and communication unit is further used for controlling the first charging circuit to stop charging the power battery when the power battery is abnormal;
and the second charging circuit is used for charging the standby battery through the power battery when the power battery works normally.
9. The electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system of claim 1, wherein said second temperature acquisition unit further comprises:
the control and communication unit is also used for acquiring the internal temperature data of the battery cell of the power battery through the 485 communication circuit;
the control and communication unit is also used for acquiring the internal temperature data of the electric vehicle controller through the 485 communication circuit.
10. An electric vehicle comprising an electric vehicle smoke alarm detection system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202111491516.7A 2021-12-08 2021-12-08 Electric motor car smog warning detecting system and electric motor car Pending CN114187731A (en)

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