CN114184876A - DC magnetic bias monitoring, evaluation and earth model correction platform - Google Patents
DC magnetic bias monitoring, evaluation and earth model correction platform Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a DC magnetic bias monitoring, evaluating and earth model correcting platform, which comprises a current collecting device, a communication module, a monitoring module and a model correcting module, wherein the current collecting device comprises a current collecting device, a communication module, a monitoring module and a model correcting module, and the model correcting module comprises the following components: the current collecting device consists of a plurality of current sensors and is used for collecting alternating current at the high-voltage side of the transformerI h And neutral point direct currentI(ii) a The communication module is used for wireless network communication; the monitoring module is used for remotely receiving the data acquired by the current acquisition device and storing or outputting the data; the model correction module automatically corrects the model based on the acquired data to minimize the current simulation result and the test error so as to solve the problem that the existing transformer remote direct current magnetic biasing monitoring platform does not have evaluationThe method has the advantages that the existing transformer remote direct current magnetic biasing monitoring platform does not have the function of automatically correcting the earth model based on real-time monitoring data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of transformer monitoring, in particular to a direct-current magnetic bias monitoring, evaluation and earth model correction platform.
Background
In recent years, ultrahigh voltage direct current transmission is widely applied to long-distance transmission by virtue of the characteristics of economy and high efficiency, as more and more direct current transmission lines are put into operation, the problem that the direct current transmission affects an alternating current transformer in a single-pole ground loop and double-pole unbalanced operation mode is increasingly highlighted, when a transformer winding passes through direct current, direct current magnetic potential is generated, direct current magnetic flux is generated in an iron core, the saturation degree of the half cycle of the iron core is deepened, the phenomenon is called direct current magnetic bias, the monitoring of the direct current magnetic bias condition of the transformer and the solving of the influence of the direct current magnetic bias condition on the transformer are known by more and more learners and experts, and a direct current magnetic bias monitoring platform is a platform for real-time remote monitoring of the direct current magnetic bias of the transformer.
The existing transformer remote direct current magnetic biasing monitoring platform has certain defects to be improved when in use, firstly, the existing transformer remote direct current magnetic biasing monitoring platform does not have an evaluation function, cannot carry out risk classification on the direct current magnetic biasing of the transformer, and has poor timeliness for guiding the operation, maintenance and repair of the transformer; secondly, the existing transformer remote direct-current magnetic bias monitoring platform does not have the function of automatically correcting the ground model based on real-time monitoring data, and cannot effectively guide the transformer direct-current magnetic bias pre-evaluation and treatment work.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the existing transformer remote direct current magnetic bias monitoring platform does not have an evaluation function, risk evaluation cannot be carried out on the direct current magnetic bias of the transformer, and in the process of monitoring the direct current magnetic bias of the transformer, evaluation risk needs to be calculated manually, so that the functionality is poor; secondly, the existing transformer remote direct-current magnetic bias monitoring platform does not have the function of automatically correcting the ground model based on real-time monitoring data, and cannot effectively guide the transformer direct-current magnetic bias pre-evaluation and treatment work.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme, and provides a direct current magnetic bias monitoring, evaluating and earth model correcting platform which comprises a current collecting device, a communication module, a monitoring module and a model correcting module; the current collecting device consists of a plurality of current sensors and is used for collecting alternating current on the high-voltage side of the transformerI h And neutral point direct currentI(ii) a The communication module is used for wireless network communication; the monitoring module is used for remotely receiving the data acquired by the current acquisition device and storing or outputting the data; the model correction module automatically corrects the earth model based on the acquired data, so that a current simulation result and a test error are minimized.
Preferably, the monitoring module comprises a receiving unit, an MCU, a storage unit, an output unit and an evaluation unit; the receiving unit is used for receiving the data transmitted by the communication module; the MCU is used for carrying out data processing, operation and execution operation on the monitoring module; the storage unit is used for data storage; the output unit is used for integrating and outputting data to the display device, the printing device and the intelligent terminal; the evaluation unit is used for carrying out magnetomotive force risk evaluation on the monitored direct current magnetic bias.
Preferably, the evaluation unit comprises the following processing steps:
step 1: using Fourier transform, for the high-voltage side AC current I of the transformerhDecomposing to obtain the high-voltage side alternating current I of the transformerhEach harmonic component An；
Step 2: and V is set as a transformer direct-current magnetic biasing risk quantization index for judging the transformer direct-current magnetic biasing risk level.
And step 3: and dividing the transformer direct-current magnetic biasing risk into five risk levels according to the calculated value of the transformer direct-current magnetic biasing risk quantization index V.
Further preferably, the decision of five risk classes is as follows: g1Risk, the transformer is basically not influenced by direct current magnetic biasing, and the running state is good; g2The transformer is less influenced by direct current magnetic biasing, and the running state is influenced to a certain degree, but the continuous running of the transformer is not hindered; g3Risks that the transformer is affected by a certain degree of dc magnetic biasing and the operating state of the transformer needs to be closely attended to; g4The risk is that the transformer is greatly influenced by direct current magnetic biasing, and inhibition measures need to be taken or operation needs to be quitted in the shortest time; g5Risk, the transformer is affected by severe dc magnetic biasing and needs to be taken out of operation immediately.
Preferably, the earth model correction module has the following processing steps:
defining an objective function for geodetic parameter correctionf obj Comprises the following steps:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,I k andJ k respectively a measured value and a predicted value of the direct current of the neutral point of the transformer,mtotal amount of current measurement data;
defining an objective functionf obj Gradient function ofgComprises the following steps:
in the formula, the correction parameter sequence of the earth modelx={x 1, x 2, …, x u }，uIs the number of correction parameters;
in the formula (1), the predicted value of the direct current of the neutral point of the transformer needs to be analyzed and calculated according to a direct current distribution model; if the number of the alternating current power grid with transformer stations is set asnBus bar nodebEach, independent neutral pointhFrom the node voltage method, one can know that:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,Sis an alternating current power grid node conductance matrix,Ua matrix of the voltages of the nodes is formed,IIinjecting a current matrix for the node; expansion (3) having:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,A g is a matrix of node voltages associated with a ground node,G g is a grounding conductance matrix of a transformer substation,I g in the form of a current matrix at the ground node,Trepresenting a transpose; in the formula (4), isPThe earth surface potential column vector of the transformer substation is formed by the following grounding theories:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is a mutual resistance matrix between transformer substations,
is mutual resistance between DC pole and transformer substationThe matrix is solved by a complex mirror image method or a linear filtering method under the condition of the layered earth;C g is the neutral point ground current of the substation,C dc is a direct current electrode ground current;U g is a grounding voltage matrix of a transformer substation and is provided with:
the united vertical type (3) -formula (6) has
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,S g is a conductance matrix of a bus-neutral point of the AC power grid transformer, is determined by system parameters,K 1andK 2are all the intermediate matrixes,Eis an identity matrix; equation (7) represents the response of the transformer neutral point current to the dc pole;
obtaining a ground node current matrix I according to equation (7)gAfter that, formula (1) is rewritten as:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,M J a correlation matrix for measuring the neutral point current of the point;
the formula (10) replaces the formula (2) to realize the correspondence of the inversion geodetic parameters and the neutral point current measured value; considering that the conversion of the partial derivative form into a numerical value possibly has certain difficulty, numerical value difference replaces partial derivative; according to the optimization theory of the classical Fletcher-Reeves conjugate gradient method, the method solvesObjective functionf obj To obtain a correction parameter sequence of the earth modelx={x 1, x 2, …, x u }。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the problem that the existing transformer remote direct-current magnetic bias monitoring platform does not have an evaluation function, can automatically evaluate the direct-current magnetic bias risk in the process of monitoring the direct-current magnetic bias of the transformer and give operation and maintenance suggestions in real time
The problem that the existing transformer remote direct-current magnetic bias monitoring platform does not have the function of automatic model correction is solved, the model can be automatically corrected based on real-time monitoring data, and the corrected model can effectively guide the direct-current magnetic bias calculation and treatment work of the transformer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a DC bias monitoring, evaluation and earth model correction platform module.
Fig. 2 is a surface potential distribution curve before and after correction.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
A DC magnetic bias monitoring, evaluation and earth model correction platform comprises a current acquisition device, a communication module, a monitoring module and a model correction module; the current collecting device consists of a plurality of current sensors and is used for collecting alternating current on the high-voltage side of the transformerI h And neutral point direct currentI(ii) a The communication module is used for wireless network communication; the monitoring module is used for remotely receiving the data acquired by the current acquisition device and storing or outputting the data; the model correction module automatically corrects the earth model based on the acquired data, so that a current simulation result and a test error are minimized.
Preferably, the monitoring module comprises a receiving unit, an MCU, a storage unit, an output unit and an evaluation unit; the receiving unit is used for receiving the data transmitted by the communication module; the MCU is used for carrying out data processing, operation and execution operation on the monitoring module; the storage unit is used for data storage; the output unit is used for integrating and outputting data to the display device, the printing device and the intelligent terminal; the evaluation unit is used for carrying out magnetomotive force risk evaluation on the monitored direct current magnetic bias.
Preferably, the evaluation unit comprises the following processing steps:
step 1: using Fourier transform, for the high-voltage side AC current I of the transformerhDecomposing to obtain the high-voltage side alternating current I of the transformerhEach harmonic component An；
Step 2: and V is set as a transformer direct-current magnetic biasing risk quantization index for judging the transformer direct-current magnetic biasing risk level. The transformer direct-current magnetic bias risk quantization index V is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein A is2For the high-voltage side alternating current I of the transformerh2 harmonic component of A4For the high-voltage side alternating current I of the transformerh4 th harmonic component of, A6For the high-voltage side alternating current I of the transformerhOf the 6 th harmonic component, A8For the high-voltage side alternating current I of the transformerhThe 8 th harmonic component of (a) is,
and step 3: dividing the DC magnetic biasing risk of the transformer into G according to the calculated value of the DC magnetic biasing risk quantization index V of the transformer1、G2、G3、G4、G5Five risk classes, G1、G2、G3、G4、G5The five risk classes are ranked as follows:
Preferably, the earth model correction module has the following processing steps:
defining an objective function for geodetic parameter correctionf obj Comprises the following steps:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,I k andJ k respectively a measured value and a predicted value of the direct current of the neutral point of the transformer,mtotal amount of current measurement data;
defining an objective functionf obj Gradient function ofgComprises the following steps:
in the formula, the correction parameter sequence of the earth modelx={x 1, x 2, …, x u }，uIs the number of correction parameters;
in the formula (1), the predicted value of the direct current of the neutral point of the transformer needs to be analyzed and calculated according to a direct current distribution model; if the number of the alternating current power grid with transformer stations is set asnBus bar nodebEach, independent neutral pointhFrom the node voltage method, one can know that:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,Sis an alternating current power grid node conductance matrix,Ua matrix of the voltages of the nodes is formed,IIinjecting a current matrix for the node; expansion (3) having:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,A g is a matrix of node voltages associated with a ground node,G g is a grounding conductance matrix of a transformer substation,I g in the form of a current matrix at the ground node,Trepresenting a transpose; in the formula (4), isPThe earth surface potential column vector of the transformer substation is formed by the following grounding theories:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is a mutual resistance matrix between transformer substations,
the mutual resistance matrix between the direct current pole and the transformer substation is solved by a complex mirror image method or a linear filtering method under the condition of a layered earth;C g is the neutral point ground current of the substation,C dc is a direct current electrode ground current;U g is a grounding voltage matrix of a transformer substation and is provided with:
the united vertical type (3) -formula (6) has
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,S g is a conductance matrix of a bus-neutral point of the AC power grid transformer, is determined by system parameters,K 1andK 2are all the intermediate matrixes,Eis an identity matrix; equation (7) represents the response of the transformer neutral point current to the dc pole;
obtaining a ground node current matrix I according to equation (7)gAfter that, formula (1) is rewritten as:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,M J a correlation matrix for measuring the neutral point current of the point;
the formula (10) replaces the formula (2) to realize the correspondence of the inversion geodetic parameters and the neutral point current measured value; considering that the conversion of the partial derivative form into a numerical value possibly has certain difficulty, numerical value difference replaces partial derivative; solving an objective function according to the optimization theory of the classical Fletcher-Reeves conjugate gradient methodf obj To obtain a correction parameter sequence of the earth modelx={x 1, x 2, …, x u }。
Examples
During the monopole earth operation period of a certain direct current project in south China, a certain power-saving network transformer is monitored by the platform, the current acquisition device acquires the alternating current at the high-voltage side and the direct current at the neutral point of a certain transformer, the current monitoring data is remotely transmitted to the monitoring module through the communication module, and the data is stored, output and evaluated. The working process of the evaluation module is as follows:
carrying out Fourier decomposition on the collected high-voltage side alternating current to obtain 2,4, 6 and 8 harmonic components which are respectively as follows:
、
. The transformer direct-current magnetic bias risk quantization index V is calculated according to the following formula:
as can be seen from the calculation of V =2.816, it is determined that the transformer is less affected by the dc bias and the operation state is affected to some extent, but the continued operation of the transformer is not hindered.
During the monopolar earth operation period of a certain direct current project, the direct current of the neutral point of a main transformer of a transformer substation with the voltage class of 220kV and above within 150km from a grounding electrode is monitored. When the return running current of the direct current engineering ground is increased to 2200A, the phenomenon of direct current of the neutral points of main transformers of a plurality of transformer substations of 220kV and above appears, and specific monitoring data are shown in table 1.
The original earth model of the dc earth electrode site obtained from geological exploration is shown in table 2.
Establishing a direct current magnetic biasing calculation model, calculating the direct current of the neutral point of the main transformer of the transformer substation with the voltage class of 220kV or above within 150km of the grounding electrode by adopting the earth model shown in the table 2, and comparing the calculation result with the monitoring result, as shown in the table 3.
Therefore, the deviation between the adopted ground model and the actual is large, so that the calculated values and the monitored values of the direct currents of the neutral points of the main transformers of the 4 substations are seriously deviated, and the maximum deviation reaches-302.34%.
And correcting the earth model by the following process:
since the earth model of table 2 is an earth parameter of more than 10 layers, the parameters (thickness and resistivity) that require inverse correction amount to 21. There are only 7 stations with dc measurements of the transformer neutral point on site. According to the optimization theory, the inversion problem of 7 input and 21 output belongs to an underdetermined problem, and the feasible solution is infinite, so that the inversion problem does not meet the requirement of engineering application. As can be seen from the statistical data in Table 4, the nearest substation is more than 60km away from the DC grounding pole, so that the unimportant 1-7 layers of earth resistivity data in Table 2 can be merged, and the 11 layers of earth model is simplified into the 4 layers of earth model for further inversion. In order to further improve the accuracy and precision of inversion, the resistivity and the thickness of the layer 1 and the last layer are directly fixed, so that the problem is converted into 7 current measurement data corresponding to 4 parameters, and then the earth resistivity parameter inversion problem is converted into the solution of a non-linear overdetermined equation.
According to the transformer neutral point direct current measurement data in the table 3, a direct current magnetic bias calculation model of the power grid is established, the earth model is corrected, and the surface soil resistivity is fixed
The thickness is fixed to 30m, and the resistivity of the bottom soil is fixed
. According to the method of the present invention, the minimum value of equation (10) is determined by the conjugate gradient method, and the result of the geodetic parameter correction is shown in table 4.
The earth model parameters shown in table 4 are substituted into the direct current magnetic biasing calculation model, the direct current of the neutral point of each main transformer is calculated according to the formula (7), the comparison between the monitoring value and the calculated value is shown in table 5, and the result shows that the calculated value is consistent with the comparison between the measured value and the maximum deviation is 6.25%. The earth model corrects the earth potential curve before and after the earth model corrects the earth potential curve as shown in FIG. 2. The corrected earth model in table 4 can effectively guide the calculation and management of the direct current magnetic bias of the transformer.
The above description is of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting, the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions and modifications thereof which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A DC magnetic bias monitoring, evaluation and earth model correction platform is characterized by comprising a current acquisition device, a communication module, a monitoring module and a model correction module; the current collecting device consists of a plurality of current sensors and is used for collecting alternating current on the high-voltage side of the transformerI h And neutral point direct currentI(ii) a The communication module is used for wireless network communication; the monitoring module is used for remotely receiving the data acquired by the current acquisition device and storing or outputting the data; the model correction module automatically corrects the earth model based on the acquired data, so that a current simulation result and a test error are minimized.
2. The platform for DC magnetic bias monitoring, evaluation and earth model correction according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring module comprises a receiving unit, an MCU, a storage unit, an output unit and an evaluation unit; the receiving unit is used for receiving the data transmitted by the communication module; the MCU is used for carrying out data processing, operation and execution operation on the monitoring module; the storage unit is used for data storage; the output unit is used for integrating and outputting data to the display device, the printing device and the intelligent terminal; the evaluation unit is used for carrying out magnetomotive force risk evaluation on the monitored direct current magnetic bias.
3. The platform for monitoring, evaluating and correcting the direct current magnetic bias according to claim 2, wherein the evaluation unit comprises the following processing steps:
step 1: using Fourier transform, for the high-voltage side AC current I of the transformerhDecomposing to obtain the high-voltage side alternating current I of the transformerhEach harmonic component An；
Step 2: setting V as a transformer direct-current magnetic biasing risk quantization index for judging the transformer direct-current magnetic biasing risk level;
and step 3: and dividing the transformer direct-current magnetic biasing risk into five risk levels according to the calculated value of the transformer direct-current magnetic biasing risk quantization index V.
4. The platform of claim 3, wherein the five risk levels are determined as follows: g1Risk, the transformer is basically not influenced by direct current magnetic biasing, and the running state is good; g2The transformer is slightly influenced by direct current magnetic biasing, and the running state is influenced to a certain degree, but the continuous running of the transformer is not hindered; g3Risks that the transformer is affected by a certain degree of dc magnetic biasing and the operating state of the transformer needs to be closely attended to; g4The risk is that the transformer is greatly influenced by direct current magnetic biasing, and inhibition measures need to be taken or operation needs to be quitted in the shortest time; g5Risk, the transformer is affected by severe dc magnetic biasing and needs to be taken out of operation immediately.
5. The platform of claim 1, wherein the model calibration module comprises the following processing steps:
defining an objective function for geodetic parameter correctionf obj Comprises the following steps:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,I k andJ k respectively a measured value and a predicted value of the direct current of the neutral point of the transformer,mtotal amount of current measurement data;
defining an objective functionf obj Gradient function ofgComprises the following steps:
in the formula, the correction parameter sequence of the earth modelx={x 1, x 2, …, x u }，uIs the number of correction parameters;
in the formula (1), the predicted value of the direct current of the neutral point of the transformer needs to be analyzed and calculated according to a direct current distribution model; if the number of the alternating current power grid with transformer stations is set asnBus bar nodebEach, independent neutral pointhFrom the node voltage method, one can know that:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,Sis an alternating current power grid node conductance matrix,Ua matrix of the voltages of the nodes is formed,IIinjecting a current matrix for the node; expansion (3) having:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,A g is a matrix of node voltages associated with a ground node,G g is a grounding conductance matrix of a transformer substation,I g in the form of a current matrix at the ground node,Trepresenting a transpose; in the formula (4), isPThe earth surface potential column vector of the transformer substation is formed by the following grounding theories:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is a mutual resistance matrix between transformer substations,
the mutual resistance matrix between the direct current pole and the transformer substation is solved by a complex mirror image method or a linear filtering method under the condition of a layered earth;C g is the neutral point ground current of the substation,C dc is a direct current pole groundedCurrent flow;U g is a grounding voltage matrix of a transformer substation and is provided with:
the united vertical type (3) -formula (6) has
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,S g is a conductance matrix of a bus-neutral point of the AC power grid transformer, is determined by system parameters,K 1andK 2are all the intermediate matrixes,Eis an identity matrix; equation (7) represents the response of the transformer neutral point current to the dc pole;
obtaining a ground node current matrix I according to equation (7)gAfter that, formula (1) is rewritten as:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,M J a correlation matrix for measuring the neutral point current of the point;
the formula (10) replaces the formula (2) to realize the correspondence of the inversion geodetic parameters and the neutral point current measured value; numerical difference is used for replacing partial derivatives, and according to the optimization theory of the classical Fletcher-Reeves conjugate gradient method, an objective function is obtainedf obj To obtain a correction parameter sequence of the earth modelx={x 1, x 2, …, x u }。
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| CN115189480A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2022-10-14 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Transformer self-adaptive direct-current magnetic bias adjusting system and method based on multi-source coordination |
| CN115186721A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-10-14 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | IMF-based dynamic calculation method for DC magnetic bias cumulative effect of transformer |
| CN115296299A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-11-04 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Earth surface potential correction method based on transformer neutral point direct current measurement data |
| CN117553864A (en) * | 2024-01-12 | 2024-02-13 | 北京宏数科技有限公司 | Sensor acquisition method and system based on big data |
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