CN114184767B - Transconductance heat broken layer section tunnel heat-shock combined action simulation system - Google Patents

Transconductance heat broken layer section tunnel heat-shock combined action simulation system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114184767B
CN114184767B CN202111540704.4A CN202111540704A CN114184767B CN 114184767 B CN114184767 B CN 114184767B CN 202111540704 A CN202111540704 A CN 202111540704A CN 114184767 B CN114184767 B CN 114184767B
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China
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model
groove
tunnel
test box
shield machine
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CN202111540704.4A
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CN114184767A (en
Inventor
袁金秀
王道远
田小路
崔光耀
宋青波
康华
张奇
吕孟伟
孙梁
张红强
闫军
章浩天
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North China University of Technology
Fourth Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway 16th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Hebei Jiaotong Vocational and Technical College
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North China University of Technology
Fourth Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway 16th Bureau Group Co Ltd
Hebei Jiaotong Vocational and Technical College
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Publication of CN114184767A publication Critical patent/CN114184767A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
    • G01M7/027—Specimen mounting arrangements, e.g. table head adapters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • G01M99/002—Thermal testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • G01M99/007—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass by applying a load, e.g. for resistance or wear testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
    • G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermal-shock combined action simulation system of a transconductance thermal fault section tunnel, which comprises a vibration table and a test box, wherein a model rock mass is filled in the test box, a through hole with an axis arranged along the transverse direction is formed in the test box, the test box is provided with a positioning and clamping device, the positioning and clamping device comprises a plurality of fixed blocks, a screw rod is spirally transmitted on each fixed block, a positioning clamp coaxial with the through hole is arranged on the right side wall of the test box, blind holes matched with the plurality of screw rods and in one-to-one correspondence are formed in the side wall of the positioning clamp, a through groove is formed in the positioning clamp along the axis of the positioning clamp, an excavating device in the path direction of the through groove is arranged on the through groove, the excavating device comprises a model shield machine, a model filling vehicle and a model tunnel which are sequentially connected from left to right, a temperature sensor and a strain gage which are arranged in the model tunnel are arranged on the model tunnel, and the sensor and the strain gage are connected with an external processor, two groups of hot water circulating devices are arranged on the bracket.

Description

Transconductance heat broken layer section tunnel heat-shock combined action simulation system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel simulation, in particular to a thermal-seismic combined action simulation system of a transconductance thermal fault section tunnel.
Background
With the deep development of the western China, the construction of traffic infrastructure is vigorously developed, the topography fluctuation of the western region is large, the geothermal energy, fault and joint development are caused, the traffic tunnel route selection inevitably needs to pass through a high-strength geothermal activity region, meanwhile, the western high-strength geothermal activity region is mostly located in a high-intensity earthquake region, and once the strong earthquake occurs, the structural safety of the traffic tunnel is seriously influenced.
Compared with a tunnel portal section and a tunnel body section, the heat conduction fault section has the characteristics of poor lithology, high rock temperature and great influence by earthquake, the damage degree of the tunnel heat conduction fault section is the most serious under the combined action of high rock temperature and strong earthquake, and the operation safety of the tunnel is seriously influenced, so that the establishment of a tunnel heat conduction fault section analysis integrated model under the combined action of heat and earthquake is necessary for researching the interrelation of the dynamic effect of the key part of the tunnel of the heat conduction fault section with factors such as fault parameters, earthquake intensity, tunnel shoulder temperature, tunnel section shape and the like and the spatial-temporal evolution rule.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, the invention provides a thermal-seismic combined action simulation system for a tunnel with a transconductance thermal fault section, which is used for researching the interrelation between the dynamic effect of the key part of the tunnel with the thermal fault parameter, the seismic intensity, the tunnel shoulder temperature, the tunnel section shape and other factors and the time-space evolution rule.
The technical scheme for solving the problem is as follows: a heat-shock combined action simulation system of a transconductance heat broken layer tunnel comprises a vibration table and a test box, wherein the test box is transversely arranged and is a box body with an open upper end, the test box consists of a left box body and a right box body, the left box body and the right box body are communicated, a support positioned above the vibration table is connected to the vibration table, the test box is positioned above the support, the support consists of a left part and a right part, the left part of the support is connected with the left box body, the right part of the support is connected with the right box body, a model rock mass is filled in the test box, the model rock mass consists of an upper and a lower panel surrounding rock section positioned on the left part and the right part and a fault section positioned in the middle part, a through hole with an axis transversely arranged is formed in the test box, the through hole transversely penetrates through the left side wall and the right side wall of the test box, positioning and clamping devices are respectively arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the test box, and each positioning and clamping device comprises a plurality of fixing blocks, the test box comprises a plurality of fixed blocks, a plurality of through holes, a plurality of positioning clamps, a plurality of excavating devices, a model shield machine, a model filling vehicle and a model tunnel, wherein the fixed blocks are distributed along the circumference of the through holes, screw rods are spirally driven on the fixed blocks through threads, the axes of the screw rods are arranged along the radial direction of the through holes, the positioning clamps which are coaxial with the through holes are arranged on the right side wall of the test box, the outer diameter of each positioning clamp is equal to the diameter of the through hole, blind holes which are matched with the screw rods and correspond to the screw rods one by one are arranged on the side wall of each positioning clamp, through grooves are arranged on the positioning clamps, the cross sections of the through grooves are the same as the cross section of the tunnel to be simulated, the excavating devices along the path directions of the through grooves are arranged on the through grooves, each excavating device comprises the model shield machine, the model filling vehicle and the model tunnel which are sequentially connected from left to right, the model shield machine is used for drilling the tunnel hole to be simulated in a model rock mass, the model shield machine is pushed from right to left by an external propelling device, the model filling vehicle is used for filling the redundant gaps of the tunnel hole, the model tunnel is provided with a temperature sensor and a strain gauge which are arranged in the model tunnel, the sensor and the strain gauge are connected with an external processor, the support is provided with two groups of hot water circulating devices, one group of hot water circulating devices is used for heating the bottom of the fault section, and the other group of hot water circulating devices is used for heating the bottom of the surrounding rock section of the upper and lower trays.
Furthermore, the middle part of the test box is provided with a placing groove with an axis arranged along the front-back direction, the section of the placing groove is circular, the placing groove penetrates through the test box along the front-back direction, the front side wall and the back side wall of the test box are respectively and rotatably connected with a cylindrical rotating plate, the axis of the rotating plate is arranged along the front-back direction, the rotating plate is composed of a left semicircular plate and a right semicircular plate, a slide rail along the radial direction of the rotating plate is arranged on a contact surface between the left semicircular plate and the right semicircular plate, so that the left semicircular plate and the right semicircular plate slide along the contact surface between the left semicircular plate and the right semicircular plate, the two left semicircular plates are connected through a first connecting rod arranged along the front-back direction of the axis, the first connecting rod is positioned below the test bench, the two right semicircular plates are connected through a second connecting rod arranged along the front-back direction of the axis, the second connecting rod is positioned below the test bench, a pair of baffles arranged below the test bench is connected on the test bench along the transverse sliding direction, the upper wall of baffle and the lower wall sliding contact of proof box, be equipped with a plurality of first telescopic links on the first connecting rod, the axis of first telescopic link sets up along vertical direction, the one end and the first connecting rod of first telescopic link are connected, the other end and the lower wall that is located the left side baffle of first telescopic link are connected, be equipped with a plurality of second telescopic links on the second connecting rod, the axis of second telescopic link sets up along vertical direction, the one end and the second connecting rod of second telescopic link are connected, the other end and the lower wall that is located the right side baffle of second telescopic link are connected.
Furthermore, an inherent half gear is sleeved on one of the left half-round plates, a driving gear meshed with the half gear is rotatably connected to the test box through a shaft arranged along the front-back direction through an axis, the driving gear is used for driving the half gear and the rotating plate to rotate, a turbine is coaxially connected to the driving gear, a worm meshed with the turbine is rotatably connected to the test box and used for driving the turbine to rotate and enabling the turbine to be self-locked, and an inherent rotary disc is sleeved on the worm.
Further, be equipped with a plurality of screw holes along leading to groove circumference setting on the positioning fixture, the axis of a plurality of screw holes is located the coplanar, the aperture and the degree of depth of a plurality of screw holes are the same, threaded connection has the cylinder on the screw hole, the length of a plurality of cylinders is the same, the cylinder is connected with the gyro wheel through the pivot, the external diameter of a plurality of gyro wheels is the same, when the one end of cylinder and screw hole diapire contact, the tangential direction along leading to the groove is followed to the axis direction of pivot on the cylinder, and the distance between pivot and the corresponding screw hole diapire equals the distance between another pivot and the corresponding screw hole diapire.
Furthermore, the cross section of logical groove personally submits the quasi-rectangle, the screw hole have six, wherein four screw holes are to on the upper wall and the lower wall of logical groove, and lie in two screw holes with one side about leading to the groove with two screw hole symmetries of opposite side, two other screw holes are located the middle part of leading to the wall of groove both sides respectively, the cross section of model shield machine, model filling car and model tunnel personally submits and leads to groove assorted quasi-rectangle, and the cross section of model shield machine, model filling car and model tunnel is the same, and when the model shield machine was arranged in logical inslot, the lateral wall and six gyro wheels rolling contact of model shield machine.
Furthermore, the cross section of the through groove is semicircular, the number of the threaded holes is four, two threaded holes are located on the arc surface of the through groove, two threaded holes located on the arc surface are symmetrical about the through groove, the other two threaded holes are located on the plane of the through groove, the two threaded holes located on the plane are symmetrical about the through groove, the cross sections of the model shield machine, the model filling vehicle and the model tunnel are semicircular and matched with the through groove, the cross sections of the model shield machine, the model filling vehicle and the model tunnel are identical, and when the model shield machine is placed in the through groove, the outer side wall of the model shield machine is in rolling contact with the four rollers.
Furthermore, the cross section of the through groove is in the shape of a horseshoe, the number of the threaded holes is four, two threaded holes are respectively located in the middle of the upper wall and the lower wall of the through groove, the other two threaded holes are respectively located on two side walls of the through groove, the threaded holes in the side walls are close to the upper ends of the side walls, the cross sections of the model shield machine, the model filling vehicle and the model tunnel are in the shape of a horseshoe matched with the through groove, the cross sections of the model shield machine, the model filling vehicle and the model tunnel are the same, and when the model shield machine is arranged in the through groove, the outer side wall of the model shield machine is in rolling contact with the four idler wheels.
Furthermore, the cross section of the through groove is circular, the number of the threaded holes is four, the four threaded holes are uniformly distributed on the through groove in the circumferential direction, the cross sections of the model shield machine, the model filling vehicle and the model tunnel are circular and matched with the through groove, the cross sections of the model shield machine, the model filling vehicle and the model tunnel are the same, and when the model shield machine is arranged in the through groove, the outer side wall of the model shield machine is in rolling contact with the four rollers.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the positioning and installation of the model tunnels with different sections can be completed by replacing the positioning clamp and the excavating device with different sections, and compared with the operation mode that the upper part of the model rock needs to be excavated and removed after each test in the traditional technology and a new model tunnel is placed, the operation mode is time-saving and labor-saving.
2. The invention simulates the combined action of the cross-heat-conducting broken layer to the tunnel heat-shock through the hot water circulation system and the vibrating table, so that the interrelation of the dynamic effect of the key part of the cross-heat-conducting broken layer tunnel and factors such as fault parameters, seismic intensity, tunnel shoulder temperature, tunnel section shape and the like and the spatial-temporal evolution rule can be obtained by a variable control method.
3. The rotation of the rotating plate is locked through self-locking of the worm and the worm gear, so that the rotating plate is prevented from rotating under the action of external force to influence a test result.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view a of FIG. 2 according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of fig. 4 according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the excavating device of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the internal structure of the excavating device of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a right side view of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view c of fig. 8 according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a front view of a positioning fixture with a semicircular cross-section through slot of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a front view of the fixture of the present invention showing a horseshoe cross-section channel.
FIG. 12 is a front view of a positioning fixture for a circular cross-section channel of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the cylinder and roller of the present invention.
In the figure: a vibration table 1; a test chamber 2; a bracket 3; a model rock mass 4; a fixed block 5; a screw 6; a positioning jig 7; a through groove 8; a model shield machine 9; a shield machine housing 9A; a cutter disc group 9B; a shield host 9C; a screw conveyor 9D; a mold filling cart 10; a material spraying hole 10A; a material spraying pump 10B; a ring groove 10C; a compacting plate 10D; a push rod 10E; a chain cage 10F; a chain 10G; a drive motor 10M; a sprocket 10N; a push block 10P; a model tunnel 11; a rotating plate 12; a chute 12M; a slide bar 12N; a left semicircular plate 12A; a right semicircular plate 12B; a first link 12C; a second link 12D; a first telescopic rod 12E; a second telescopic rod 12F; a baffle 13; a half gear 14; a drive gear 15; a turbine 16; a worm 17; a turntable 18; a cylindrical body 19; a roller 20.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to fig. 1 to 13.
Embodiment 1, a hot-shake combined action analog system in transconductance hot disconnected layer section tunnel, including shaking table 1 and proof box 2, shaking table 1 is used for simulating the earthquake of different grades, proof box 2 transversely sets up, proof box 2 is the open-ended box in the upper portion, proof box 2 comprises left box and right box two parts, left side box and the inside intercommunication of right box, releasable connection has the support 3 that is located shaking table 1 top on shaking table 1, proof box 2 is located support 3 top, support 3 comprises two parts about by, the left part and the left box of support 3 are connected, the right part and the right box of support 3 are connected, model rock mass 4 is filled with in proof box 2, model rock mass 4 comprises the upper and lower wall rock section that is located left part and right part and the fault section that is located the middle part, model rock mass 4 is by river sand and sawdust according to the river sand: sawdust =5:1, wherein the upper and lower walls of the model rock mass 4 are compacted, the broken sections of the model rock mass 4 are not compacted, the test box 2 is provided with through holes with axes arranged along the transverse direction, the through holes transversely penetrate through the left side wall and the right side wall of the test box 2, the left side wall and the right side wall of the test box 2 are both provided with positioning and clamping devices, each positioning and clamping device comprises a plurality of fixing blocks 5, the fixing blocks 5 are distributed along the circumference of the through holes, the fixing blocks 5 are spirally driven by threads to be provided with screw rods 6, the axes of the screw rods 6 are arranged along the radial direction of the through holes, the right side wall of the test box 2 is provided with a positioning clamp 7 coaxial with the through holes, the outer diameter of the positioning clamp 7 is equal to the diameter of the through holes, the side wall of the positioning clamp 7 is provided with blind holes which are matched with the screw rods 6 and are in one-to-one correspondence, the positioning clamp 7 is provided with a through groove 8 arranged along the axes of the positioning clamp, the cross section of the through groove 8 is the same as that of a tunnel to be simulated, an excavating device along the path direction of the through groove 8 is arranged on the through groove 8, the excavating device is pushed from right to left by an external propelling device, the excavating device comprises a model shield machine 9, a model filling vehicle 10 and a model tunnel 11 which are sequentially connected from left to right, the model shield machine 9 comprises a shield machine shell 9A, a cutter disc group 9B positioned on the left side of the shield machine shell 9A, a shield machine host 9C positioned in the shield machine shell 9A and a spiral conveyor 9D inserted on the shield machine host 9C, the cutter disc group 9B and the spiral conveyor 9D are driven by the shield machine host 9C, the cutter disc group 9B is used for cutting the redundant part of the tunnel hole, one end of the spiral conveyor 9D is arranged on the left side of the shield machine host 9C, the other end of the spiral conveyor 9D penetrates through the shield machine host 9C and is arranged in the model filling vehicle 10, the spiral conveyor 9D is used for conveying waste materials cut by the cutter head group 9B into the model filling vehicle 10, the cross-sectional areas of different shield machine shells 9A are the same, test data are prevented from being influenced due to the fact that the cross-sectional areas of tunnel holes are different, the model filling vehicle 10 is composed of a left collecting part, a middle spraying part and a right compacted part, the collecting part is used for collecting materials cut by the model shield machine 9, the spraying part is provided with a plurality of spraying holes 10A along the circumferential direction of the model filling vehicle 10, a spraying pump 10B located in the model filling vehicle 10 is arranged on the model filling vehicle 10, the spraying pump 10B is communicated with the spraying holes 10A one by one, a feeding hole is formed in the left part of the spraying pump 10B and used for conveying the materials of the collecting part into the spraying pump 10B, an annular groove 10C located in the compacted part is formed in the outer side wall of the model filling vehicle 10, the path of the annular groove 10C is arranged along the circumferential direction of the model filling vehicle 10, a plurality of compacting plates 10D attached to the inner side of the ring groove 10C are connected to the inner diameter of the ring groove 10C in a sliding manner, and when the compacting plates 10 are located in the ring groove 10, the outer side of the compacting plates 10 are also located inside the ring groove 10, that is, the thickness of the compacting plates 10 is smaller than the depth of the ring groove, and when the compacting plates 10 slide to the outside, the maximum stroke is until the compacting plates 10 are flush with the outer side of the mold filling cart 10, so that the compacted tunnel hole is attached to the outer wall of the mold filling cart 10, when the mold filling cart 10 has filled the gap between the mold filling cart 10 and the drilled hole wall, part of the filler enters the ring groove 10, and at this time, the filler located between the mold filling cart 10 and the hole wall is loose, at this time, the plurality of compacting plates 10 can slide to the outside of the ring groove 10 at the same time, and can extrude the part of the filler located inside the ring groove 10 to the outside, thereby compacting the filling material between the model filling vehicle 10 and the hole wall, the ring groove 10C is slidably connected with a plurality of compacting plates 10D, the compacting plates 10D are provided with cylindrical push rods 10E, the push rods 10E penetrate the model filling vehicle 10 along the radial direction of the model filling vehicle 10, one end of the push rods 10E is fixedly connected with the compacting plates 10D, the other end of the push rods 10E is arranged in the model filling vehicle 10, a return spring is connected between the push rods 10 and the inner wall of the model filling vehicle 10, the push rods 10 and the compacting plates 10 can synchronously slide towards the outside and can be reset through the return spring after sliding, the model filling vehicle 10 is provided with chain frames 10F arranged in the model filling vehicle 10, the path of the chain frames 10F is arranged along the circumferential direction of the model filling vehicle 10, the chain frames 10F are positioned at the left side of the push rods 10E, the chain frames 10F are provided with chains 10G sliding along the path of the chain frames 10F, the model filling vehicle 10 is provided with a driving motor 10M arranged in the model filling vehicle 10, an output shaft of the driving motor 10M is sleeved with a chain wheel 10N which is engaged with a chain 10G, the chain 10G is connected with a push block 10P positioned at the right side of a chain frame 10F, the push block 10P and a push rod 10E are positioned in the same vertical plane, the push block 10P is semicircular, the arc surface faces outwards, the end part of one end of the push rod 10E positioned in the model filling vehicle 10 is also arc-shaped, when the chain 10G drives the push blocks 10P to do circular motion, the push blocks 10P can slide the push rods 10E and the compaction plates 10D to the outside of the annular groove 10C, so as to compact the material sprayed by the model filling vehicle 10, the model tunnel 11 is provided with a temperature sensor and a strain gauge arranged in the model tunnel 11, the sensor and the strain gauge are connected with an external processor, and the sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of the model tunnel 11 and the model rock mass 4, the strain gauge is arranged from the middle of the model tunnel 11 to two ends from dense to sparse to monitor axial and circumferential strain of the model tunnel 11, two groups of hot water circulating devices are arranged on the support 3 and connected with an external water tank and an external temperature control system, one group of hot water circulating devices is used for heating the bottom of the fault section, and the other group of hot water circulating devices is used for heating the bottom of the surrounding rock section of the upper and lower trays.
When the device is used, the excavating mechanism moves from right to left under the thrust of an external propelling device, the cutter disc group 9B on the model shield machine 9 cuts off the redundant part of the model rock mass 4, the cut material is conveyed into the model filling car 10 by the screw conveyer 9D, meanwhile, the material in the model filling car 10 is conveyed into the material spraying pump 10B through the feeding hole by the material spraying pump 10B, the material is sprayed out through the material spraying hole 10A by the material spraying pump 10B to fill the tunnel hole of the model rock mass 4 to a required shape, the driving motor 10M drives the push block 10P to move along the circumferential direction of the model filling car 10 under the action of the chain wheel 10N and the chain 10G, the push block 10P pushes the push rod 10E to do centrifugal motion along the radial direction of the model filling car 10, so that the push rod 10E drives the compacting plate 10D to do centrifugal motion along the radial direction of the model filling car 10 to compact the filler and the model rock mass 4, after the model tunnel 11 is completely arranged in the tunnel hole, starting two groups of hot water circulating devices, stopping heating and maintaining the temperature when the temperature detected by a sensor reaches a set value, starting the vibration table 1 to enable the test box 2 to be subjected to a simulated earthquake with a set grade after the temperature is stable, detecting the axial and circumferential strain of each part of the model tunnel 11 by the strain gauge, and recording data by an external processor; after the model tunnel 11 with the current cross-sectional shape is detected, the model tunnel 11 is pulled out from the model rock mass 4, the screw 6 is separated from the blind hole on the positioning clamp 7 by reversing the screw 6, then the positioning clamp 7 is taken out and the positioning clamp 7 with the other cross-sectional shape is installed on the through hole on the right side wall of the test box 2, the positioning clamp 7 is rotated around the axis of the through hole, the blind hole on the positioning clamp 7 is aligned with the screw 6, the screw 6 is screwed into the blind hole on the positioning clamp 7 by the forward rotation screw 6, the installation of the positioning clamp 7 is completed, the excavating device matched with the positioning clamp 7 is placed into the through groove of the positioning clamp, the excavating device is positioned, the excavating device is pushed to the left and the right by using an external pushing device, the model shield machine 9 drills out the tunnel hole on the model rock mass 4 into the required shape, and the drilled material is sent into the model filling vehicle 10, the model filling vehicle 10 sprays materials on the inner wall of the tunnel hole, compacts the sprayed materials, stops propelling after the model tunnel 11 completely penetrates through the model rock mass 4, repeats the detection process and records data, and obtains the interrelation between the dynamic effect of the key part of the tunnel in the transconductance heat fault section and factors such as seismic intensity, tunnel shoulder temperature, tunnel section shape and the like and the space-time evolution rule by a variable control method.
Embodiment 2, on the basis of embodiment 1, the middle of the test box 2 is provided with a placement groove with an axis arranged along the front-back direction, the section of the placement groove is circular, the diameter of the placement groove is larger than the height of the test box 2, the placement groove penetrates through the test box 2 along the front-back direction, the front and back two side walls of the test box 2 are respectively connected with a cylindrical rotating plate 12 in a rotating way, the rotating plate 12 is matched with the placement groove, one end of the rotating plate 12 is positioned in the placement groove and is in sliding contact with the side wall of the placement groove, the other end of the rotating plate 12 is arranged at the outer side of the test box 2, the axis of the rotating plate 12 is arranged along the front-back direction, the rotating plate 12 is composed of a left semicircular plate 12A and a right semicircular plate 12B, a sliding rail along the radial direction of the rotating plate 12 is arranged on the contact surface between the left semicircular plate 12A and the right semicircular plate 12B, the sliding rail is composed of a sliding groove 12M and a sliding rod 12N matched with the sliding groove 12M, the sliding groove 12M is arranged on the left semicircular plate 12A, and the length of the chute 12M is arranged along the diameter direction of the rotating plate 12 on the contact surface of the left semicircular plate 12A and the right semicircular plate 12B, so that the left semicircular plate 12A and the right semicircular plate 12B slide along the contact surface between the left semicircular plate 12A and the right semicircular plate 12B, the two left semicircular plates 12A are connected by a first connecting rod 12C arranged along the front and back direction of the axis, the first connecting rod 12C is arranged below the test box 2, the two right semicircular plates 12B are connected by a second connecting rod 12D arranged along the front and back direction of the axis, the second connecting rod 12D is arranged below the test box 2, a pair of baffles 13 arranged below the test box 2 are connected on the test box 2 along the transverse sliding direction, the upper wall of the baffles 13 is in sliding contact with the lower wall of the test box 2, a plurality of first telescopic rods 12E are arranged on the first connecting rod 12C, the axis of the first telescopic rods 12E is arranged along the vertical direction, one end of the first telescopic rods 12E is connected with the first connecting rods 12C, the other end of first telescopic link 12E is connected with the lower wall that is located left side baffle 13, is equipped with a plurality of second telescopic links 12F on the second connecting rod 12D, and the axis of second telescopic link 12F sets up along vertical direction, and the one end and the second connecting rod 12D of second telescopic link 12F are connected, and the other end and the lower wall that is located right side baffle 13 of second telescopic link 12F are connected.
When the test box is used in the embodiment, the rotating plate 12 is rotated to enable the contact surface of the left semicircular plate 12A and the right semicircular plate 12B to form an included angle with the horizontal plane, so that the sliding inclination angle of the broken layer of the model rock mass 4 is changed, meanwhile, the left semicircular plate 12A and the right semicircular plate 12B drive the first connecting rod 12C and the second connecting rod 12D to rotate, the first connecting rod 12C and the second connecting rod 12D drive the left baffle 13 and the right baffle 13 to slide left and right along the test box 2 under the action of the first telescopic rod 12E and the second telescopic rod 12F, so that the model rock mass 4 is prevented from leaking from the bottom of the test box 2 in the rotating process of the rotating plate 12, when the rotating plate 12 is rotated to the required included angle, the left semicircular plate 12A and the left test box 2 are fixed, the rotating plate 12 keeps the current included angle, so that the fault inclination angles of different angles are simulated, and the occupation ratio of the broken layer on the model rock mass 4 is changed, the influence of faults with different widths on the tunnel under the action of geothermy and earthquake is simulated, during the simulation shock test, relative dislocation occurs between the left part of the test box 2 and the right part of the test box 2, and relative sliding occurs between the sliding chute 12M and the sliding rod 12N at the moment, and the separation of the left part and the right part of the test box 2 is avoided, so that the relative sliding of the broken section of the rock body in the earthquake is simulated.
Embodiment 3, on the basis of embodiment 2, an inherent half gear 14 is sleeved on one of the left half plates, a driving gear 15 engaged with the half gear is rotatably connected to the test box 2 through a shaft arranged along the front-back direction through an axis, the driving gear 15 is used for driving the half gear 14 and the rotating plate 12 to rotate, a turbine 16 is coaxially connected to the driving gear 15, a worm 17 engaged with the turbine 16 is rotatably connected to the test box 2, the worm 17 is used for driving the turbine 16 to rotate and enabling the turbine 16 to be self-locked, and an inherent turntable 18 is sleeved on the worm 17.
When the rotating plate 12 rotates to a required included angle, the worm 17 stops rotating, the worm wheel 16 is self-locked under the action of the worm 17, the half gear 14 is locked to drive the driving gear 15 to rotate, and the rotating plate 12 is locked at the current position by the locking of the half gear 14, so that the rotating plate 12 is locked at the current position.
Embodiment 4, on the basis of embodiment 1, be equipped with a plurality of screw holes that set up along logical groove 8 circumference on positioning fixture 7, the axis of screw hole is perpendicular with the tangent line that leads to groove 8, the axis of a plurality of screw holes is located the coplanar, the aperture and the degree of depth of a plurality of screw holes are the same, threaded connection has cylinder 19 on the screw hole, the length of a plurality of cylinders 19 is the same, cylinder 19 is connected with gyro wheel 20 through the pivot, the external diameter of a plurality of gyro wheels 20 is the same, when the one end of cylinder 19 contacts with the screw hole diapire, the axial direction of pivot is along the tangential direction that leads to groove 8 on cylinder 19, and the distance between pivot and the corresponding screw hole diapire equals the distance between another pivot and the corresponding screw hole diapire.
When this embodiment uses, when excavating gear arranges logical inslot 8 in, excavating gear's lateral wall and a plurality of gyro wheels 20 contact, gyro wheel 20 is used for supporting and fixing a position excavating gear to change the sliding friction between excavating gear and logical groove 8 into rolling friction, reduced the frictional resistance between excavating gear and the logical groove 8.
Embodiment 5, on the basis of embodiment 4, the cross section of the through slot 8 is rectangular-like, as shown in fig. 9, the number of the threaded holes is six, four of the threaded holes are arranged on the upper wall and the lower wall of the through slot 8, two threaded holes on the left side of fig. 9 are symmetrical to two threaded holes on the right side of fig. 9 about the perpendicular bisector of the cross section of the through slot 8, the other two threaded holes are respectively arranged in the middle of the left side wall and the right side wall of the through slot 8 in fig. 9, the cross sections of the model shield machine 9, the model filling vehicle 10 and the model tunnel 11 are rectangular-like and are matched with the through slot 8, the cross sections of the model shield machine 9, the model filling vehicle 10 and the model tunnel 11 are identical, when the model shield machine 9 is arranged in the through slot 8, the outer side wall of the model shield machine 9 is in rolling contact with six rollers 20, when the tunnel hole drilled in the first test is circular, and after the test is finished, at this moment, a quasi-rectangular tunnel model needs to be replaced for testing, then the model shield machine 9 with a quasi-rectangular cross section, the model filling vehicle 10 and the model tunnel 11, the cross section of the annular groove 10C on the model filling vehicle 10 is also quasi-rectangular, the cross section of the plurality of compacting plates 10D when being positioned inside the annular groove 10C is also quasi-rectangular, the plurality of compacting plates 10D can move outwards at the annular groove 10C of the quasi-rectangular, the model shield machine 9 during drilling, the model filling vehicle 10 and the model tunnel 11 move towards the left side along the through groove 8, and a tunnel hole with a quasi-rectangular shape is drilled on the basis of the originally drilled circular tunnel hole, at this moment, gaps can exist between the model shield machine 9, part of the outer side walls of the model filling vehicle 10 and the model tunnel 11 and the wall of the quasi-rectangular tunnel, and at this moment, the model filling vehicle 10 is needed to fill and compact the inside of the gaps.
Embodiment 6 is based on embodiment 4, the cross section of the through slot 8 is semicircular, as shown in fig. 10, the number of the threaded holes is four, two of the threaded holes are located on the arc surface of the through slot 8, two of the threaded holes located on the arc surface are symmetrical with respect to the perpendicular bisector of the cross section of the through slot 8, the other two of the threaded holes are located on the plane of the through slot 8, and two of the threaded holes located on the plane are symmetrical with respect to the perpendicular bisector of the cross section of the through slot 8, the cross sections of the model shield machine 9, the model filling vehicle 10 and the model tunnel 11 are semicircular and matched with the through slot 8, the cross sections of the model shield machine 9, the model filling vehicle 10 and the model tunnel 11 are the same, when the model shield machine 9 is placed in the through slot 8, the outer side wall of the model shield machine 9 is in rolling contact with four rollers 20, when a tunnel of another shape needs to be replaced with a semicircular tunnel model for testing, the procedure was followed for the replacement of example 5.
Embodiment 7, based on embodiment 4, the cross section of the through slot 8 is horseshoe-shaped, as shown in fig. 11, the threaded holes are four, two of the threaded holes are respectively positioned in the middle parts of the upper wall and the lower wall of the through groove 8, the other two threaded holes are respectively positioned on the left side wall and the right side wall of the through groove 8 in figure 11, and the threaded holes on the left side wall and the right side wall are close to the upper side wall, the cross sections of the model shield tunneling machine 9, the model filling vehicle 10 and the model tunnel 11 are in a horseshoe shape matched with the through groove 8, the cross sections of the model shield tunneling machine 9, the model filling vehicle 10 and the model tunnel 11 are the same, when the model shield machine 9 is arranged in the through groove 8, the outer side wall of the model shield machine 9 is in rolling contact with the four rollers 20, when it is necessary to perform a test by replacing a tunnel of another shape with a horseshoe-shaped tunnel model, the procedure was performed in accordance with the replacement method of example 5.
Embodiment 8, on the basis of embodiment 4, the cross section of the through groove 8 is circular, as shown in fig. 12, there are four threaded holes, the four threaded holes are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the through groove 8, the cross sections of the model shield machine 9, the model filling cart 10 and the model tunnel 11 are circular and matched with the through groove 8, the cross sections of the model shield machine 9, the model filling cart 10 and the model tunnel 11 are the same, when the model shield machine 9 is placed in the through groove 8, the outer side wall of the model shield machine 9 is in rolling contact with the four rollers 20, and when a test needs to be performed by replacing a tunnel with another shape with a circular tunnel model, the operation is performed according to the replacement method of embodiment 5.
When the invention is used, the worm 17 is rotated, the worm 17 drives the worm wheel 16 to rotate, the worm wheel 16 drives the driving gear 15 coaxially connected with the worm wheel 16 to rotate, the driving gear 15 drives the half gear 14 meshed with the driving gear 15 to rotate, the half gear 14 drives the rotating plate 12 fixedly connected with the half gear 14 to rotate, when the rotating plate 12 rotates to a required included angle, the worm 17 stops rotating, the worm wheel 16 is self-locked under the action of the worm 17, so that the half gear 14 is locked to drive the driving gear 15 to rotate, the rotating plate 12 is locked at the current position, the model shield machine 9 and the model filling vehicle 10 are used for drilling a model rock mass 4 to be simulated into a tunnel hole, the model tunnel 11 is placed into the tunnel hole, two groups of hot water circulating devices are started, when the temperature detected by a sensor reaches a set value, the heating is stopped and the temperature is maintained, after the temperature is stabilized, the vibration table 1 is started to enable the test box 2 to be subjected to a simulated earthquake with a set level, the strain gauge detects axial and circumferential strains borne by each part of the model tunnel 11, and an external processor records data;
after the model tunnel 11 with the current cross-sectional shape is detected, the model tunnel 11 is pulled out from the model rock 4, the damaged part of the model rock 4 is filled and repaired, the screw 6 is reversed to separate the blind hole on the screw 6 and the positioning clamp 7, then the positioning clamp 7 is taken out and the positioning clamp 7 with the other cross-sectional shape is installed on the through hole on the right side wall of the test box 2, the positioning clamp 7 is rotated around the axis of the through hole to align the blind hole on the positioning clamp 7 with the screw 6, the screw 6 is rotated forward to screw the screw 6 into the blind hole on the positioning clamp 7 to complete the installation of the positioning clamp 7, an excavating device matched with the positioning clamp 7 is placed into the through groove of the positioning clamp to complete the positioning of the excavating device, the excavating device is pushed to the right and left by using an external pushing device, and the model shield machine 9 drills out the tunnel hole on the model rock 4 into the required shape, and sending the drilled material into a model filling vehicle 10, spraying the material on the inner wall of the tunnel hole by the model filling vehicle 10, compacting the sprayed material, stopping propelling after the model tunnel 11 completely penetrates through the model rock mass 4, repeating the detection process, recording data, and obtaining the interrelation and the time-space evolution rule of the dynamic effect of the key part of the tunnel in the transconductance thermal fault section, fault parameters, seismic intensity, tunnel shoulder temperature, tunnel section shape and other factors by a variable control method.

Claims (8)

1. A transconductance thermal fault section tunnel thermal-seismic combined action simulation system comprises a vibration table (1) and a test box (2), and is characterized in that the test box (2) is transversely arranged, the test box (2) is a box body with an upper opening, the test box (2) consists of a left box body and a right box body, the left box body and the right box body are communicated, a support (3) positioned above the vibration table (1) is connected onto the vibration table (1), the test box (2) is positioned above the support (3), the support (3) consists of a left part and a right part, the left part of the support (3) is connected with the left box body, the right part of the support (3) is connected with the right box body, a model rock mass (4) is filled in the test box (2), the model rock mass (4) consists of an upper and lower surrounding rock section positioned at the left part and the right part and a fault section positioned at the middle part, and through holes with axes transversely arranged are formed in the test box (2), the through hole transversely penetrates through the left side wall and the right side wall of the test box (2), the left side wall and the right side wall of the test box (2) are respectively provided with a positioning and clamping device, the positioning and clamping devices comprise a plurality of fixing blocks (5), the fixing blocks (5) are distributed along the circumference of the through hole, the fixing blocks (5) are provided with screw rods (6) through screw thread spiral transmission, the axes of the screw rods (6) are arranged along the radial direction of the through hole, the right side wall of the test box (2) is provided with a positioning clamp (7) coaxial with the through hole, the outer diameter of the positioning clamp (7) is equal to the diameter of the through hole, the side wall of the positioning clamp (7) is provided with blind holes which are matched with the screw rods (6) and are in one-to-one correspondence, the positioning clamp (7) is provided with through grooves (8) arranged along the axes, the cross section of each through groove (8) is identical to the cross section of a tunnel to be simulated, the excavating device along the path direction of each through groove (8) is arranged on each through groove (8), the excavation device comprises a model shield tunneling machine (9) sequentially connected from left to right, a model filling vehicle (10) and a model tunnel (11), the model shield tunneling machine (9) is used for drilling a tunnel hole to be simulated in a model rock mass (4), the excavation device is pushed from right to left by an external propelling device, the model filling vehicle (10) is used for filling a gap redundant in the tunnel hole, a temperature sensor and a strain foil which are arranged in the model tunnel (11) are arranged on the model tunnel (11), the temperature sensor and the strain foil are connected with an external processor, two groups of hot water circulating devices are arranged on a support (3), one group of hot water circulating devices are used for heating the bottom of a fault section, and the other group of hot water circulating devices are used for heating the bottom of an upper and lower wall surrounding rock section.
2. The heat-shock combined action simulation system for the tunnel with the transconductance heat fractured layer according to claim 1, wherein a placing groove with an axis arranged along the front-rear direction is arranged in the middle of the test box (2), the section of the placing groove is circular, the placing groove penetrates through the test box (2) along the front-rear direction, cylindrical rotating plates (12) are respectively and rotatably connected to the front side wall and the rear side wall of the test box (2), the axis of the rotating plates (12) is arranged along the front-rear direction, each rotating plate (12) is composed of a left semicircular plate (12A) and a right semicircular plate (12B), a sliding rail along the radial direction of the rotating plate (12) is arranged on a contact surface between the left semicircular plate (12A) and the right semicircular plate (12B), so that the left semicircular plate (12A) and the right semicircular plate (12B) slide along the contact surface between the left semicircular plate (12A) and the right semicircular plate (12B), and the two left semicircular plates (12A) are connected through a first connecting rod (12C) which is positioned on the axis and arranged along the front-rear direction, the first connecting rod (12C) is positioned below the test box (2), the two right semi-circular plates (12B) are connected through a second connecting rod (12D) positioned between the axis and arranged along the front-back direction, the second connecting rod (12D) is positioned below the test box (2), the test box (2) is connected with a pair of baffles (13) arranged below the test box (2) along the transverse sliding direction, the upper wall of each baffle (13) is in sliding contact with the lower wall of the test box (2), a plurality of first telescopic rods (12E) are arranged on the first connecting rod (12C), the axis of each first telescopic rod (12E) is arranged along the vertical direction, one end of each first telescopic rod (12E) is connected with the first connecting rod (12C), the other end of each first telescopic rod (12E) is connected with the lower wall positioned on the left baffle (13), a plurality of second telescopic rods (12F) are arranged on the second connecting rod (12D), the axis of each second telescopic rod (12F) is arranged along the vertical direction, one end of the second telescopic rod (12F) is connected with the second connecting rod (12D), and the other end of the second telescopic rod (12F) is connected with the lower wall of the right baffle plate (13).
3. The thermal-shock combined action simulation system for the tunnel with the transconductance thermal fault section is characterized in that a half-gear (14) is fixedly sleeved on one left half-circular plate, a driving gear (15) meshed with the half-gear is rotatably connected to the test box (2) through a shaft arranged along the front-back direction through an axis, the driving gear (15) is used for driving the half-gear (14) and the rotating plate (12) to rotate, a turbine (16) is coaxially connected to the driving gear (15), a worm (17) meshed with the turbine (16) is rotatably connected to the test box (2), the worm (17) is used for driving the turbine (16) to rotate and enabling the turbine (16) to be self-locked, and a rotary disc (18) is fixedly sleeved on the worm (17).
4. The thermal-shock combined action simulation system for the transconductance thermal fault section tunnel according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of threaded holes are formed in a positioning clamp (7) and circumferentially arranged along a through groove (8), axes of the threaded holes are located in the same plane, apertures and depths of the threaded holes are the same, a cylinder (19) is in threaded connection with the threaded holes, the cylinders (19) are the same in length, a roller (20) is connected to the cylinder (19) through a rotating shaft, outer diameters of the rollers (20) are the same, when one end of the cylinder (19) is in contact with a bottom wall of the threaded hole, the axis direction of the rotating shaft on the cylinder (19) is in the tangential direction of the through groove (8), and the distance between the rotating shaft and the bottom wall of the corresponding threaded hole is equal to the distance between the other rotating shaft and the bottom wall of the corresponding threaded hole.
5. The transconductance thermal fault section tunnel thermal-shock combined action simulation system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that the cross section of the through groove (8) is rectangular, six threaded holes are arranged, wherein the four threaded holes are oppositely arranged on the upper wall and the lower wall of the through groove (8), and the two threaded holes positioned on the same side are symmetrical with the two threaded holes on the other side relative to the through groove (8), the other two threaded holes are respectively positioned in the middle parts of the two side walls of the through groove (8), the cross sections of the model shield machine (9), the model filling vehicle (10) and the model tunnel (11) are similar rectangles matched with the through groove (8), and the cross sections of the model shield machine (9), the model filling vehicle (10) and the model tunnel (11) are the same, when the model shield machine (9) is arranged in the through groove (8), the outer side wall of the model shield machine (9) is in rolling contact with the six rollers (20).
6. The transconductance thermal fault section tunnel thermal-shock combined action simulation system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that the cross section of the through groove (8) is semicircular, the number of the threaded holes is four, wherein the two threaded holes are positioned on the arc surface of the through groove (8), and the two threaded holes positioned on the arc surface are symmetrical about the through groove (8), the other two threaded holes are positioned on the plane of the through groove (8), and the two threaded holes positioned on the plane are symmetrical about the through groove (8), the cross sections of the model shield machine (9), the model filling vehicle (10) and the model tunnel (11) are in a semicircular shape matched with the through groove (8), and the cross sections of the model shield machine (9), the model filling vehicle (10) and the model tunnel (11) are the same, when the model shield machine (9) is arranged in the through groove (8), the outer side wall of the model shield machine (9) is in rolling contact with the four rollers (20).
7. The heat-shock combined action simulation system for the transconductance heat fractured tunnel according to claim 4, wherein the cross section of the through groove (8) is horseshoe-shaped, the number of the threaded holes is four, two threaded holes are respectively located in the middle of the upper wall and the lower wall of the through groove (8), the other two threaded holes are respectively located on two side walls of the through groove (8), the threaded holes on the side walls are close to the upper ends of the side walls, the cross sections of the model shield machine (9), the model filling vehicle (10) and the model tunnel (11) are horseshoe-shaped and matched with the through groove (8), the cross sections of the model shield machine (9), the model filling vehicle (10) and the model tunnel (11) are identical, and when the model shield machine (9) is placed in the through groove (8), the outer side wall of the model shield machine (9) is in rolling contact with the four rollers (20).
8. The heat-shock combined action simulation system for the cross-conduction heat-fractured tunnel according to claim 4, wherein the cross section of the through groove (8) is circular, the number of the threaded holes is four, the four threaded holes are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the through groove (8), the cross sections of the model shield machine (9), the model filling vehicle (10) and the model tunnel (11) are circular and matched with the through groove (8), the cross sections of the model shield machine (9), the model filling vehicle (10) and the model tunnel (11) are identical, and when the model shield machine (9) is placed in the through groove (8), the outer side wall of the model shield machine (9) is in rolling contact with the four rollers (20).
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