CN114184502B - PDC micro-drill bit, rock drillability testing device and method - Google Patents
PDC micro-drill bit, rock drillability testing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
- G01N3/34—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces generated by mechanical means, e.g. hammer blows
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/02—Core bits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention provides a PDC micro-bit, a rock drillability testing device and a rock drillability testing method, wherein the outline line of the axial surface of a cutting tooth of the PDC micro-bit forms the full coverage of a drilling hole bottom, the contact arc length of the cutting tooth and the drilling hole bottom is fixed and constant in the drilling process, the data obtained by the test is more accurate, the borehole size is ensured to be fixed and constant in the drilling process by arranging gauge protection teeth, and the drilling depth is increased, so that multiple tests can be carried out in one-time drilling work, and the influence of errors is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the fields related to petroleum and natural gas, mine engineering and rock mechanics, in particular to a PDC micro-drill bit and a rock drillability testing device and method.
Background
The PDC drill bit has the advantages of high drilling speed, long service life, high reliability, high comprehensive economic benefit and the like, and is widely applied to the drilling field of petroleum, natural gas and geothermal wells. In actual drilling projects, rock drillability is often used as an indicator to guide PDC bit design. The essence of rock drillability is the ability of the rock to resist the penetration of the drill bit, the stronger the rock drillability, the easier the rock is to break. Rock drillability is not an inherent mechanical property of rock, however, it is a result of the interaction of rock and drill bit, which is related to the breaking pattern of the drill bit, and the drillability achieved by breaking rock with drill bits of different breaking mechanisms is not the same. That is, different bits are used to break the same rock, and the drillability exhibited by the rock varies depending on the breaking mechanism of the bit. Therefore, the rock drillability test method of the PDC bit should be formed specifically in conjunction with the actual working behavior of the PDC bit.
If the real proportion PDC drill bit is adopted to carry out the rock drillability test, the structure of the test equipment is more complex, the volume is larger, the operation is complicated, and the cost is higher, so that the real proportion PDC drill bit is obviously not suitable for the rock drillability test. Therefore, in the prior art, two rock drillability test methods are available, wherein the rock drillability test is carried out by adopting a simulation test drill bit with a smaller size relative to a real proportion drill bit, one method is to adopt a row of gears capable of rolling, and the simulation test drill bit is rotationally rolled into broken rocks during working. Another approach is to rotary cut the crushed rock with two pieces of PDC compacts. The method is in accordance with the rock breaking form of the PDC drill bit in mechanism, but in the rock drillability test process, the PDC composite sheet does not form the full coverage of the bottom of the drill hole, so that the contact arc line of the PDC composite sheet and the rock changes along with time and is not in accordance with the working state of the PDC drill bit in the rock breaking process; on the other hand, two PDC composite sheets have no diameter-keeping function, the size of a borehole is changed along with time in the drilling process, and the working behavior of the PDC composite sheets is greatly different from the working behavior of an actual PDC drill bit for drilling rocks. The drillability of the rock tested by the method cannot accurately reflect the capability of the rock to resist the PDC drill bit, and misguidance is caused to the design and application of the PDC drill bit.
Therefore, no matter the rolling gear is adopted as the drill bit or the PDC drill bit is adopted in the simulation test drill bit adopted in the rock drillability test method in the prior art, the actual working behavior of the PDC drill bit cannot be accurately simulated, so that the tested data is inaccurate, and the design of the actual PDC drill bit cannot be guided. However, if a real-scale drill bit is used for testing the drillability of the rock, the testing equipment is complex in structure, large in size, complex to operate and high in cost. In order to solve the problems, a novel rock drillability test simulation drill bit is urgently needed to be designed, the rock drillability test device and the rock drillability test method are combined, the actual working behavior of the PDC drill bit can be accurately simulated, and meanwhile, the PDC drill bit is simple in structure, small in size and low in cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a PDC micro-drill bit, a rock drillability testing device and a rock drillability testing method. It is simple in construction, can use and make economically; meanwhile, the actual PDC drill bit drilling rock working behavior can be accurately simulated, and the purpose of reliably, simply and accurately measuring the rock drillability is achieved.
The first aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides a PDC microbit, which comprises a bit main body and blades, wherein the blades are fixedly arranged at one end of the bit main body, the number of the blades is at least two, the blades are circumferentially arranged along the bit main body at intervals, cutting teeth are fixedly arranged on the blades along the radial direction, and the equivalent number of teeth of the cutting teeth is
Wherein s is the total area of the tooth distribution axial surface sections of all the cutting teeth arranged on a single blade, r is the radius of the cutting teeth, and the number n of equivalent teeth of the cutting teeth arranged on each blade is more than or equal to 1.5; in an axial plane tooth distribution diagram formed by the cutting teeth on the blades, the axial plane contour lines of the cutting teeth form drilling bottom full coverage, and the contour of the radially outermost cutting tooth of each blade is the outermost contour in the axial plane contour lines.
The cross section of the cutting tooth is in a shape of a whole circle or an arch or a string-knot circle formed by radially overlapping a plurality of circles with the same size.
The range of the distance Lc between the circle center corresponding to each section of cutting contour of the cutting tooth axial surface contour line and the adjacent circle center is 0.2r < Lc <2 r.
The equivalent number of teeth on each blade on the PDC micro-drill bit is equal or unequal.
The range of gauge diameter D of the PDC microbit is 25mm < D <150mm, the range of diameter D of the cutting tooth is 6mm < D <18mm, the height H of the crown of the blade is 5mm, and the internal taper angle a is 5 degrees.
The total area of the tooth distribution axial plane sections of all cutting teeth arranged on all blades
Wherein r is the radius of the cutting teeth, D is the gauge diameter of the PDC microbit, a is the inner taper angle, and K is the rock breaking coefficient.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides a rock drillability testing device, which comprises the PDC micro drill bit and is characterized by further comprising a rock frame, a rock sample, a drill rod, a rotary power device, a push rod, a thrust power device and a rack, wherein the rock sample is fixedly arranged in the rock frame; one end of the push rod is connected with the output end of the thrust power device, and the other end of the push rod is connected with the first end of the rotary power device; one end of the drill rod is connected with the second end of the rotary power device, and the other end of the drill rod is fixedly connected with the PDC micro-drill bit.
The third aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides a rock drillability testing method, which comprises the following steps that firstly, a rock sample is fixedly arranged on a rock rack; setting the bit pressure and the rotating speed of the PDC micro-bit, wherein the bit pressure range is 300N-3000N, and the rotating speed range is 30r/min-120 r/min; step three, drilling the PDC micro-bit into the rock sample at constant bit pressure and constant rotating speed, recording an initial position and starting timing when the PDC micro-bit is in contact with the surface of the rock sample as a zero displacement point and drilling till the full coverage of the bottom of a drill hole is formed, stopping drilling after the drilling depth He continues and recording time t, wherein the range of the He is 3mm<He<10 mm; step four, according to the rock drillability test grading calculation formula
Calculating the drillability of the rock, wherein
Is of rock drillability grade.
The height Hr of the rock sample ranges from 2(H0+ He) < Hr <500mm, where H0 represents the displacement value from the zero displacement point to the initial position.
For the rock sample with smaller radius size and the rock sample with stronger brittleness, the artificial rock is adopted to wrap the rock sample through the adhesive.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the PDC micro-drill bit of the testing method adopts a tooth arrangement design of a drilling bottom full-coverage mode combined with the actual mode, the contact arc length of the cutting teeth and the drilling bottom is fixed and unchanged in the drilling process, and the data obtained through testing are more accurate; the arrangement of the gauge teeth can ensure that the borehole size is fixed and unchanged in the drilling process, and the drilling depth is increased, so that multiple tests can be performed in one-time drilling work, and the influence of errors is reduced; in addition, the outer part of the rock sample is wrapped by artificial rocks, so that the strength of the edge of the rock sample can be improved, and the phenomenon that the rock sample with stronger brittleness is cracked in the drilling process is prevented, so that the test data is inaccurate; according to the test method, the PDC micro-bit is used for performing full-bit rotary drilling on the rock, so that the interaction between the PDC bit and the rock in actual work is simulated, the size of equipment can be obviously reduced, and the structure of the equipment is simplified.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the PDC micro-bit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a tooth layout of a shaft formed by a cutting tooth of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a plano-axial contour line formed in the plano-axial teeth layout of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cutting tooth of the present invention having a full circular cross-section;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cutting tooth of the present invention having a minor arc non-full circle cross-section;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a cutting tooth of the present invention having a cross-section that is a major arc non-full circle;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cutting tooth of the present invention in the form of a plurality of serially connected circles;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a PDC micro-bit of the present invention having two blades;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a rock drillability testing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the rock drillability test device of the present invention in a horizontal drilling direction;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a rock sample of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-rock holder, 2-rock sample, 3-PDC microbit, 4-drill rod, 5-rotary power device, 6-push rod, 7-thrust power device, 8-frame, 9-crown curve, 10-axial profile, 11-rotation axis, 12-outermost cutting profile, 21-zero displacement point, 22-initial position, 31-wing, 32-cutting tooth.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined or explained in subsequent figures.
The noun explains:
axial plane: the plane passing through the axis of rotation of the bit is primarily used to convey the radial and axial position of each cutting tooth on the bit.
Equivalent number of teeth: the cross section of the cutting tooth is a full circle or a non-full circle, and the ratio of the full circle or the non-full circle area to the corresponding full circle area.
Tooth arrangement of the shaft surface: when the drill bit rotates around the rotation axis under the condition that the axial position is unchanged, the blade contour lines of the cutting teeth are intersected with the axial plane to form intersecting lines, the intersecting lines are the axial plane contour lines of the cutting teeth, and then the axial plane contour lines of all the cutting teeth are collected in the axial plane to form an axial plane tooth distribution diagram of the drill bit. The axial surface tooth distribution diagram can accurately reflect the coverage condition of the cutting teeth on the drill bit on the rock at the bottom of the drill hole, so the axial surface tooth distribution diagram is called a drill hole bottom coverage diagram.
Fully covering the bottom of the drilled hole: the shaft surface contour lines formed in the shaft surface tooth distribution diagram are continuous and uninterrupted and are positioned outside the crown curve, so that the contact arc length of the cutting teeth and the drill hole bottom is fixed in the drilling process, and the drill hole bottom is completely covered, as shown in the attached figure 3.
Referring to fig. 1, a PDC micro drill bit 3 includes a bit body and blades 31, the blades 31 are fixedly disposed at one end of the bit body, at least two blades 31 are circumferentially spaced along the bit body, the blades 31 are radially and fixedly disposed with cutting teeth 32, and the equivalent number of teeth of the cutting teeth 32 disposed on a single blade 31
Wherein s is the area of a closed surface formed by the intersection of the contour lines of all the cutting teeth 32 arranged on a single blade 31 and an axial surface, r is the radius of the cutting teeth 32, and the number n of equivalent teeth of the cutting teeth 32 arranged on each blade 31 is more than or equal to 1.5. In the axial surface tooth distribution diagram formed by the cutting teeth on all the blades 31, the axial surface contour lines of the cutting teeth form the full coverage of the drilling hole bottom.
The profile of the radially outermost cutting tooth arranged on each blade is the outermost end profile in the shaft surface profile, and it can be understood that the distance between the cutting tooth arranged on the outermost end of each blade and the rotation axis is the same to realize the function of diameter protection.
The blade 31 is provided with an installation part for installing the cutting teeth 32, as shown in fig. 1, the installation part is groove-shaped, and the cutting teeth 32 are fixedly embedded in the groove-shaped installation part. It should be noted that the cutting tooth may also be fastened to the blade 31 by a fastener or a form fit.
When a conventional drill bit is designed, the tooth distribution space is sufficient, the number of cutting teeth is generally an integer, the micro drill bit is convenient to process and install, but the size of the micro drill bit for the rock drillability test is small, due to the limitation of the space size, the diameters of the cutting teeth are standard in series, and if the equivalent tooth distribution number n is set to be an integer, the arrangement of actual cutting teeth cannot meet the requirement that the axial surface contour lines of the cutting teeth form the full coverage of the bottom of a drill hole. According to the invention, the equivalent tooth distribution number n can be set to be a non-integer, namely, the actually arranged cutting teeth can be non-complete teeth, so that the space can be fully utilized according to the actual size through the combination of the complete teeth and the non-complete teeth, the tooth distribution is tighter, and the full coverage of the drilling hole bottom formed by the contour line of the axial surface of the cutting teeth can be more easily realized.
When actual drill bit design, generally design the cutting teeth cross section for the whole circular, as shown in fig. 4, set up a plurality of cutting teeth on the wing can satisfy each item functional design requirement of drill bit, also be convenient for manufacturing and installation, but when the design of rock drillability test is with little drill bit, actual conditions becomes harsher, it is many that PDC little drill bit design size is little than actual drill bit size mainly, it is limited to arrange the space, consequently, conventional PDC little drill bit design all adopts 2 PDC composite sheets, but because the design of PDC composite sheet does not form the drilling bottom and covers totally and also does not have the gauge protection function, consequently the behavior that actual PDC drill bit bored into the rock can not accurate simulation.
Because the PDC micro-drill bit is small in size and the whole teeth at a certain section can not be conveniently arranged, the cross section of the cutting teeth is arranged to be in a shape of a bow or a string-connected circle formed by radially overlapping a plurality of circles with the same size, so that the teeth can be distributed more freely and tightly, and the full coverage of the drilling hole bottom formed by the contour line of the shaft surface of the cutting teeth is realized.
The cutting tooth has a cross-section that is arcuate, defined herein as the geometry of a full circle taken along a chord parallel to the bit axis of rotation, with the arc of the arc being greater than a semi-circle and referred to as the major arc, as shown in fig. 5, and the arc of the arc being less than a semi-circle and referred to as the minor arc, as shown in fig. 6.
As shown in figure 7, the cross section of the cutting tooth is in a cross-linked circular shape formed by radially overlapping a plurality of circles with the same size, the cross section of the cutting tooth can be freely designed according to the requirement of actual tooth distribution quantity through the cross-linked circular shape, and the axial contour line of the cutting tooth is easier to form and fully cover the bottom of a drill hole.
Preferably, the distance Lc between the circle center corresponding to each section of cutting contour line of the cutting tooth axial surface contour line and the adjacent circle center is 0.2r < Lc <2r, so that the tooth distribution density can be increased in a limited tooth distribution space, the cutting contour is denser, and the cutting performance is improved.
Equivalent cloth tooth quantity on each blade on the PDC micro-drill bit equals or is unequal, and each blade equivalent cloth tooth quantity can set up to the difference, plays the effect of simplifying the structure, as long as cutting tooth axial plane contour line satisfies and forms the drilling bottom and covers entirely can.
The range of the gauge diameter D of the PDC micro-drill bit is 25mm < D <150 mm; the diameter d of the cutting tooth is in the range 6mm < d <18mm, with preferred diameters d being 8mm, 10mm, 13mm and 16 mm. Through reasonable design gauge diameter D and the range of diameter D of the cutting teeth, the structural design of the drill bit can be optimized, materials are saved, and the drilling efficiency is improved.
The crown height Hg of blade 31 is <5mm, the internal taper angle a is <5 °, and the crown height of blade 31 is defined as the axial distance between the lowest point and the highest point of the crown curve 9 of blade 31, as shown in fig. 2. Further, the height Hg of the crown of blade 31 is less than 2mm, and the internal taper angle a is less than 3 °; further, the height Hg =0 of the blade crown and the inner taper angle a =0 °, i.e., the blade crown is a flat crown. This scheme is favorable to simplifying PDC microbit 3 structures, reduces 3 geometric characteristics of PDC microbit and causes the influence to broken rock efficiency.
In order to achieve a better rock breaking test effect, the profile line of the axial surface of the cutting tooth can be partially overlapped under the condition of forming full coverage of the bottom of a drill hole, so that the cutting profile is denser, the cutting performance is improved, and the total area of the tooth distribution axial surface cross sections of all the cutting teeth arranged on all the blades is increased
Wherein r is the radius of the cutting teeth, D is the gauge diameter of the PDC microbit, a is the internal taper angle, K is the rock breaking coefficient, and K is the cutting radius>And 1.3, a better rock breaking test effect can be obtained.
The number of the blades 31 is at least two, and the blades can be rotated according to the size of the dimensional space and the drilling performance, and fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the PDC micro drill bit 3 having two blades 31. A second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a rock drillability testing device, as shown in fig. 9, including the PDC micro drill bit 3, further including a rock frame 1, a rock sample 2, a drill rod 4, a rotary power device 5, a push rod 6, a thrust power device 7, and a frame 8, where the rock sample 2 is fixedly installed in the rock frame 1, and the thrust power device 7 is fixedly installed on the frame 8; one end of the push rod 6 is connected with the output end of the thrust power device 7, and the other end of the push rod is connected with the first end of the rotary power device 5; one end of the drill rod 4 is connected with the second end of the rotary power device 5, and the other end of the drill rod is fixedly connected with the PDC micro-drill bit 3. The thrust that thrust power device 7 provided transmits PDC microbit 3 through push rod 6, rotary power device 5, drilling rod 4 on, makes PDC microbit 3 can bore to rock sample 2, the rotary torque that rotary power device 5 provided transmits PDC microbit 3 through drilling rod 4 on, makes PDC microbit 3 can wind rock sample 2 axis is rotatory.
It will be appreciated that the PDC micro-drill bit 3 may be arranged to drill into the rock sample 2 in either a horizontal or vertical direction, as shown in fig. 10, which facilitates debris evacuation.
The third aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides a rock drillability test method, which adopts the rock drillability test device, and the test method takes a rock sample 2 as a test object and a PDC micro-drill bit 3 as an execution tool, and comprises the following steps of firstly, fixedly mounting the rock sample 2 on a rock rack 1; setting the bit pressure and the rotating speed of the PDC micro-bit 3, wherein the bit pressure range is 300N-3000N, and the rotating speed range is 30r/min-120 r/min; step three, drilling the PDC micro-bit 3 into the rock sample 2 at a constant bit pressure and a constant rotating speed, recording an initial position and starting timing when the PDC micro-bit 3 is in contact with the surface of the rock sample 2 as a zero displacement point and drilling till the bottom of a drill hole is fully covered, stopping drilling after the drilling depth He continues, and recording time t, wherein the range of the drilling depth He continuing drilling from the initial position is 3mm < He <10 mm; and step four, calculating the rock drillability according to a rock drillability test grading calculation formula.
In order to ensure sufficient drilling travel without wasting rock sample 2 material, the height Hr of the rock sample is in the range of 2(H0+ He) < Hr <500mm, where H0 represents the displacement value from the zero displacement point to the initial position, as shown in fig. 11. In one possible implementation, the drilling depth He for continued drilling from the initial position 21 ranges from 4mm < He <6 mm. Further, the drilling depth He of the drilling continued from the initial position 21 is He =5mm, and the height Hr of the rock sample 2 ranges from 60< Hr <300 mm. According to the scheme, the testing time can be shortened, 2 materials of the rock sample are saved, and the testing efficiency is improved.
For the rock sample with smaller radius and the rock sample with stronger brittleness, the artificial rock is adopted to wrap the rock sample through the adhesive, so that the strength of the rock sample can be effectively ensured, and the rock is not broken in the drilling process to influence the accuracy of the test.
The present invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiment, and it is not intended to be limited to the embodiment. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a PDC microbit, includes drill bit main part and wing, the wing is fixed to be set up the one end of drill bit main part, the quantity of wing is two at least and follows drill bit main part circumference interval sets up, be provided with the cutting teeth along radial fixed on the wing, a serial communication port, the equivalent number of teeth quantity of cutting teeth, its characterized in that
Wherein s is the total area of the tooth arrangement axial surface sections of all the cutting teeth arranged on a single blade, r is the radius of the cutting teeth, and the equivalent tooth number n of the cutting teeth arranged on each blade is more than or equal to 1.5, wherein n is a non-integer, namely the actually arranged cutting teeth are the combination of complete teeth and non-complete teeth; in an axial surface tooth distribution diagram formed by the cutting teeth on all the blades, axial surface contour lines of the cutting teeth form full coverage of a drilling hole bottom, and the contour of the radially outermost cutting tooth of each blade is the outermost contour line in the axial surface contour lines; the cross section of the cutting tooth is in a shape of a bow or a serial round formed by radially overlapping a plurality of circles with the same size; the total area of the tooth distribution axial plane sections of all cutting teeth arranged on all blades
Wherein r is the radius of the cutting teeth, D is the gauge diameter of the PDC microbit, a is the inner taper angle, and K is the rock breaking coefficient.
2. The PDC microbit of claim 1, wherein the distance Lc between the center of each cutting profile of the cutting tooth axial profile and the adjacent center of each cutting profile is in the range of 0.2r < Lc <2 r.
3. The PDC micro-bit of claim 1, wherein the number of equivalent cloth teeth on each blade on the PDC micro-bit is equal or unequal.
4. The PDC microbit of claim 1 or 2, wherein the gauge diameter D of the PDC microbit ranges from 25mm < D <150mm, the diameter D of the cutting tooth ranges from 6mm < D <18mm, the crown height H of the blade is <5mm, and the internal taper angle a is <5 °.
5. A rock drillability testing device, comprising the PDC micro-bit of any one of claims 1-4, further comprising a rock rack, a rock sample, a drill pipe, a rotary power device, a push rod, a thrust power device and a rack, wherein the rock sample is fixedly arranged in the rock rack, and the thrust power device is fixedly arranged on the rack; one end of the push rod is connected with the output end of the thrust power device, and the other end of the push rod is connected with the first end of the rotary power device; one end of the drill rod is connected with the second end of the rotary power device, and the other end of the drill rod is fixedly connected with the PDC micro-drill bit.
6. A rock drillability test method, which adopts the rock drillability test device of claim 5, and is characterized in that the first step is that a rock sample is fixedly arranged on a rock rack; setting the bit pressure and the rotating speed of the PDC micro-bit, wherein the bit pressure range is 300N-3000N, and the rotating speed range is 30r/min-120 r/min; step three, drilling the PDC micro-bit into the rock sample at a constant bit pressure and a constant rotating speed, recording an initial position and starting timing when the PDC micro-bit is in contact with the surface of the rock sample as a zero displacement point and drilling until the full coverage of the bottom of a drill hole is formed, stopping drilling after the drilling depth He continues and recording time t, wherein the range of the He is more than 3mm and less than 10 mm; step four, according to the rock drillability test grading calculation formula Kd＝log2(t) calculating a rock drillability grade, where KdIs of rock drillability grade.
7. The test method according to claim 6, characterized in that the height Hr of the rock sample ranges from 2(H0+ He) < Hr <500mm, where H0 denotes the displacement value from the zero displacement point to the initial position.
8. The test method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the rock sample is wrapped with an adhesive using artificial rock for the rock sample having a small radius size and the rock sample having a strong brittleness.
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| CN114459940B (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-06-24 | 西南石油大学 | Rotary scraping and cutting single-tooth experimental device |
| CN116988739B (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2023-12-26 | 西南石油大学 | High-density PDC drill bit with longitudinal teeth distributed |
| CN117571489B (en) * | 2024-01-12 | 2024-03-22 | 东北大学 | Rock drillability evaluation test device under true three-dimensional high stress state |
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