CN114184096B - Test device and method for testing fragment speed attenuation rule in complex environment - Google Patents
Test device and method for testing fragment speed attenuation rule in complex environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114184096B CN114184096B CN202110468916.XA CN202110468916A CN114184096B CN 114184096 B CN114184096 B CN 114184096B CN 202110468916 A CN202110468916 A CN 202110468916A CN 114184096 B CN114184096 B CN 114184096B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B35/00—Testing or checking of ammunition
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fragment speed testing, and relates to a testing device for testing a fragment speed attenuation rule in a complex environment. The device comprises a cavity, a guide rail, a speed measuring frame, a testing cavity, a partition plate, a buffer cavity, a ring nut, an inlet diaphragm, a front sealing end cover, an interface, a temperature controller, a humidity controller, a rear sealing end cover, a fragment blocking box, a fixing screw, a lock catch, an observation window, bulletproof glass, a fixing base and a workbench; according to the invention, the test environment required by the test is formed by adjusting the humidity, the pressure and the temperature, the fragment speed under different working conditions is obtained, and the attenuation rule of the fragment speed under the complex environment is obtained for supporting the related scientific research of the damage effect evaluation. The invention adopts the method of separating the percussion device from the testing device, thereby avoiding the influence of vibration, high-temperature and high-pressure gas and interface tightness on the disturbance of the set environmental factors in the percussion process, reducing the influence of fragment auxiliary devices such as a projectile support and the like on the speed test and greatly improving the test precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fragment speed testing, in particular to a test device and a method which can form different environmental conditions such as air temperature, humidity, pressure and the like and test the fragment speed attenuation under different environments.
Background
Fragments are fragments of a certain mass and initial velocity produced by the action of the warhead of an ammunition. The speed attenuation of the fragments with certain initial speed caused by air resistance in the flying process is taken as one of typical damage elements of a killing target, and the attenuated storage speed is an important evaluation standard for calculating the warhead power and the damage effect of the bullet. The atmospheric environment where the fragment flies has various physical characteristics such as temperature, humidity and air pressure, and the influence of air resistance on the attenuation of the fragment speed in different atmospheric environments is complex.
At present, fragment speed attenuation tests are mainly carried out under the conditions of standard atmospheric pressure or real-time temperature and humidity of a target range, and test results of the tests cannot be completely applicable to complex environments such as high altitude, plateau, dry and cold, damp and hot and the like. The existing testing device can only test the influence of air pressure and temperature on the attenuation of fragment speed, and a ballistic gun is fixedly connected with the device and is easily interfered by factors such as vibration during firing, high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the sealing property of a joint and the like, so that the testing accuracy is influenced. Therefore, the test device for testing the fragment speed attenuation in the complex environment can form a test environment required by the fragment speed attenuation test by adjusting humidity, temperature and pressure factors, can avoid the influence of vibration, high-temperature and high-pressure gas and interface sealing property on the disturbance of set environmental factors in the firing process by adopting a mode of separating the firing device from the test device, reduces the influence of fragment auxiliary devices such as an elastic support on the speed test, and has important significance on fragment damage effect evaluation work and related scientific research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the test result of the fragment speed attenuation test in the prior art cannot be completely applied to complex environments such as high altitude, plateau, dry and cold, damp and hot and the like, and provides a test device and a method for testing the fragment speed attenuation test in the complex environments.
The invention adopts a mode of separating the percussion device from the test device, and forms a test environment matched with the fragment speed attenuation test by adjusting temperature, pressure and particularly humidity factors so as to support fragment damage effect evaluation work and related scientific research.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A test device for testing the attenuation law of fragment speed in a complex environment comprises a cavity, a guide rail, a speed measuring frame, a test cavity, a partition plate, a buffer cavity, a ring nut, an inlet diaphragm, a front sealing end cover, an interface, a temperature controller, a humidity controller, a rear sealing end cover, a fragment blocking box, a fixing screw, a lock catch, an observation window, bulletproof glass, a fixing base and a workbench, wherein the test cavity is provided with a test hole; the cavity is cylindrical, the front end and the rear end of the cavity are provided with an openable front sealing end cover and a openable rear sealing end cover, the left end and the right end of the cavity are observation windows, the upper end of the cavity is provided with a plurality of interfaces, and the lower end of the cavity is provided with a fixed base; the cavity is arranged on the workbench through a fixed base, and the connection mode adopts bolt and nut mechanical connection; the end faces of the first sealing end cover and the second sealing end cover are sealed by using rubber sealing elements, and the side faces are connected by adopting lock catches, so that the sealing is ensured not to be loosened; the middle of the front sealing end cover is provided with a threaded inlet, and a circular inlet diaphragm is fixed by adopting a circular ring nut.
And the position of the observation window is provided with bulletproof glass, and the installation mode adopts the combination of mechanical pressing and glass cement sealing.
The interface is the screw hole for the external components such as installation barometer, sealed glan head and quick-connect socket to combine sealed pad and sealed gluey sealed connection.
The cavity is internally provided with an annular clapboard which incompletely divides the cavity into two sub-cavities, namely a buffer cavity and a test cavity. The test cavity comprises a guide rail, a speed measuring frame, a temperature controller, a humidity controller and a fragment retarding box. The guide rail is fixed in the cavity bottom, is fixed a position and is connected by the pin, and a plurality of through-holes of guide rail length direction equipartition are used for fixing the frame tests the speed. The speed measuring frame can be provided with various types of on targets and off targets such as copper wire targets, aluminum foil targets, laser targets and the like, and the group number and the distance for measuring the speed can be flexibly adjusted along the direction of the guide rail.
The temperature controller and the humidity controller are located at the position, close to the rear, of the top in the testing cavity and used for providing test preset temperature and humidity. The fragment blocking box is arranged at the tail end of the test cavity, the back of the fragment blocking box is tightly attached to the inner surface of the rear sealing end cover, and the fragment blocking box is filled with a speed-reducing energy-absorbing material.
The test device for testing the fragment speed attenuation test rule in the complex environment has the functions of fragment speed test, air pressure control and regulation, temperature control and regulation and humidity control and regulation.
The fragment speed testing function is realized by a speed measuring system consisting of a testing frame, a testing target, a testing line and a speedometer. The speed measuring frame is used for fixing the speed measuring target, adjusting the speed measuring group number and the speed measuring distance, and the speed measuring line is communicated with the speed measuring target in the cavity and the speed measuring instrument outside the cavity through the interface. The air pressure control and regulation function is realized by connecting an interface into an air pressure regulation device. The temperature control and regulation function is realized by a temperature controller and a temperature regulation device connected with an interface. The humidity control and regulation function is realized by a humidity controller and a humidity regulation device connected with an interface.
A use method of a test device for testing a fragment speed attenuation rule in a complex environment comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before the test starts, the test device forms a complex environment required by the test by regulating and controlling factors of air pressure, temperature and humidity in advance.
Step two: when the test is started, the fragment with kinetic energy is ejected from an inlet diaphragm at the front end of the cavity through ballistic gun/cannon projection, the fragment enters the buffer cavity after being punctured through the inlet diaphragm and then passes through a speed measuring interval consisting of a speed measuring frame, and the fragment enters a fragment blocking box after flying away from the speed measuring interval, so that the one-time fragment speed attenuation test process is completed. 3 groups of speed data and more than 3 groups of speed data of the fragments in a certain specific temperature, humidity and air pressure environment are obtained through tests, and finally the fragment speed attenuation coefficient is obtained.
And repeating the test steps to obtain the fragment speed attenuation coefficients under different working conditions, and finally obtaining the fragment speed attenuation rule under the complex environment.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the muzzle plug-in test device of the prior patent, the invention adopts the method of separating the fragment launching device and the fragment speed attenuation test device, and the fragment speed attenuation test device is not limited to a single-caliber ballistic gun and is suitable for ballistic guns/cannons with various calibers;
the separated test method can avoid the influence of the violent vibration of the barrel on the stability of the test device in the fragment launching process and can also avoid the influence of high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by launching fragments on the disturbance of the set environmental factors;
the separated test method enables the fragment to have a flight distance after leaving the gun/gun muzzle and before entering the fragment speed attenuation test device, the fragment can be separated from the auxiliary devices such as the projectile support and the like in the flight process, the flight stability is realized, and the influence of the fragment auxiliary devices such as the projectile support and the like on the speed test can be reduced.
The cavity of the testing device adopts an incomplete division structure of the buffer cavity and the testing cavity, fragments enter the cavity through the inlet diaphragm and then enter the buffer cavity and then enter the testing cavity, and the buffer cavity can reduce the influence of pressure fluctuation generated after the inlet diaphragm is penetrated on disturbance of set environmental factors in the testing cavity;
the fragment speed attenuation testing device adopts a modular design, various modules can be flexibly configured according to testing requirements, and the fragment blocking module adopts a flexible recovery method, so that the damage to the testing module and the inner wall of the device caused by the phenomena of rebounding, fragment, fire and light and the like caused by the fact that fragments directly impact hard materials such as steel plates and the like can be avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the test apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the external structure of the test apparatus of the present invention;
the device comprises a cavity 1, a guide rail 2, a speed measuring frame 3, a test cavity 4, a partition plate 5, a buffer cavity 6, a ring nut 7, an inlet diaphragm 8, a front sealing end cover 9, a first interface 10, a second interface 11, a third interface 12, a fourth interface 13, an interface 14, a temperature controller 15, a fifth interface 16, a humidity controller 17, a rear sealing end cover 18, a fragment blocking box 19, a fixing screw 20, a lock catch 21, an observation window 22, bulletproof glass 23, a fixing base 24 and a workbench 25.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a test device for testing the attenuation law of fragment speed in a complex environment comprises a cavity 1, a guide rail 2, a speed measuring frame 3, a test cavity 4, a partition plate 5, a buffer cavity 6, a ring nut 7, an inlet diaphragm 8, a front sealing end cover 9, interfaces 10-14 and 16, a temperature controller 15, a humidity controller 17, a rear sealing end cover 18, a fragment blocking box 19, a fixing screw 20, a lock catch 21, an observation window 22, bulletproof glass 23, a fixing base 24 and a workbench 25; the cavity 1 is cylindrical, the front end and the rear end of the cavity are provided with an open-close type front sealing end cover 9 and a rear sealing end cover 18, the left end and the right end are provided with observation windows 22, the upper ends of the observation windows are provided with a plurality of interfaces 10-14 and 16, and the lower ends of the observation windows are provided with fixed bases 24; the cavity 1 is arranged on the workbench 25 through a fixed base 24, and the connection mode adopts bolt and nut mechanical connection; the end faces of the front sealing end cover 9 and the rear sealing end cover 18 are sealed by rubber sealing elements, and the side faces are connected by a lock catch 21 to ensure that the sealing is not loosened; the middle of the front sealing end cover 9 is provided with a threaded inlet, and a circular inlet diaphragm 8 is fixed by a circular ring nut 7.
The position of the observation window 22 is provided with bulletproof glass 23, and the installation mode adopts the combination of mechanical pressing and glass cement sealing.
The interfaces 10-14, 16 are threaded holes for mounting external components such as a barometer, a sealing gland head and a quick-connect socket, and are connected in a sealing manner by combining a sealing gasket and a sealing glue.
The cavity 1 is internally provided with an annular partition plate 5, and the cavity 1 is incompletely divided into two sub cavities, namely a buffer cavity 6 and a test cavity 4. The test chamber 4 comprises a guide rail 2, a speed measuring frame 3, a temperature controller 15, a humidity controller 17 and a fragment retardant box 19. The guide rail 2 is fixed at the bottom of the cavity 1 and is positioned and connected by a fixing screw 20, and a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed in the length direction of the guide rail and used for fixing the speed measuring frame 3. The speed measuring frame 3 can be provided with various types of on targets and off targets such as copper wire targets, aluminum foil targets and laser targets, and the number and the distance of speed measuring groups can be flexibly adjusted along the direction of the guide rail.
The temperature controller 15 and the humidity controller 17 are located at the top rear position in the test chamber 4, and are used for providing test preset temperature and humidity. The fragment blocking box 19 is arranged at the tail end of the test cavity, the back part of the fragment blocking box is tightly attached to the inner surface of the rear sealing end cover 18, and the fragment blocking box is filled with a speed-reducing energy-absorbing material.
The test device for testing the fragment speed attenuation test rule in the complex environment has the functions of fragment speed test, air pressure control and regulation, temperature control and regulation and humidity control and regulation.
In the process of building the test device, firstly, the test device is fixed on a test bed 25 through a base 24, the aiming axis of a ballistic gun/cannon is coincided with the axis of a cavity 1, secondly, an air pressure adjusting device, a temperature and humidity measuring device, a speed measuring line and a temperature and humidity control line are connected through interfaces, all the interfaces are sealed, then, an inlet diaphragm 8 is installed through a threaded inlet of a front sealing end cover 9, a ring nut 7 is screwed, the front sealing end cover 9 is closed and locked through a lock catch 21, a guide rail 2, a speed measuring frame 3 and a fragment blocking box 19 are sequentially installed in a test cavity 4 through a rear sealing end cover 18, the rear sealing end cover 18 is closed and locked through the lock catch 21, and finally, after the debugging of the air pressure, the temperature, the humidity and the speed measuring function of the test device is finished, the building process of the test device is completed.
Before the test starts, the test device forms a complex environment required by the test by regulating and controlling factors of air pressure, temperature and humidity in advance.
When the test is started, fragments with kinetic energy are thrown in from an inlet diaphragm 8 at the front end of the cavity through ballistic guns/cannons, the fragments enter a buffer cavity 6 after being punctured through the inlet diaphragm 8 and then pass through a speed measuring interval consisting of the speed measuring frame 3, and the fragments enter a fragment blocking box 19 after flying away from the speed measuring interval, so that the primary fragment speed attenuation test process is completed. 3 groups of speed data and more than 3 groups of speed data of the fragments in a certain specific temperature, humidity and air pressure environment are obtained through tests, and finally the fragment speed attenuation coefficient is obtained. And repeating the test steps to obtain the fragment speed attenuation coefficients under different working conditions, and finally obtaining the fragment speed attenuation rule under the complex environment.
The above detailed description is intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above detailed description is only exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a test device for testing speed of rupture of a slice decay law under complex environment which characterized in that: the device comprises a cavity (1), a guide rail (2), a speed measuring frame (3), a testing cavity (4), an annular partition plate (5), a buffer cavity (6), a ring nut (7), an inlet diaphragm (8), a front sealing end cover (9), a connector, a temperature controller (15), a humidity controller (17), a rear sealing end cover (18), a fragment blocking box (19), a fixing screw (20), a lock catch (21), an observation window (22), bulletproof glass (23), a fixing base (24) and a workbench (25); the cavity (1) is cylindrical, the front end and the rear end of the cavity are provided with an open-close type front sealing end cover (9) and a rear sealing end cover (18), the left end and the right end are provided with observation windows (22), the upper end of the cavity is provided with a plurality of interfaces, and the lower end of the cavity is provided with a fixed base (24); the cavity (1) is arranged on the workbench (25) through a fixed base (24), and the connection mode adopts bolt and nut mechanical connection; the end faces of the front sealing end cover (9) and the rear sealing end cover (18) are sealed by using rubber sealing elements, and the side faces are connected by adopting a lock catch (21) to ensure that the sealing is not loosened; a threaded inlet is formed in the middle of the front sealing end cover (9), and a circular inlet diaphragm (8) is fixed by a circular ring nut (7);
bulletproof glass (23) is arranged at the position of the observation window (22), and the installation mode adopts the combination of mechanical pressing and glass cement sealing;
the interface is a threaded hole and is used for installing a barometer, a sealing gland head and an external assembly of the quick-connection socket and carrying out sealing connection by combining a sealing gasket and a sealing glue;
an annular partition plate (5) is arranged in the cavity (1), and the cavity (1) is incompletely divided into two sub-cavities, namely a buffer cavity (6) and a test cavity (4); the test cavity (4) comprises a guide rail (2), a speed measuring frame (3), a temperature controller (15), a humidity controller (17) and a fragment retarding box (19); the guide rail (2) is fixed at the bottom of the cavity (1) and is positioned and connected by a fixing screw (20), and a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed in the length direction of the guide rail and are used for fixing the speed measuring frame (3); the speed measuring frame (3) can be provided with various types of on targets and off targets of copper wire targets, aluminum foil targets and laser targets, and the number and distance of speed measuring groups can be flexibly adjusted along the direction of the guide rail;
the temperature controller (15) and the humidity controller (17) are positioned at the rear position of the top in the test cavity (4) and are used for providing test preset temperature and humidity; the fragment blocking box (19) is arranged at the tail end of the test cavity, the back part of the fragment blocking box is tightly attached to the inner surface of the rear sealing end cover (18), and the fragment blocking box is filled with a speed reduction energy absorption material.
2. The test device for testing the attenuation law of the fragmentation speed in the complex environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the building process, firstly, a testing device is fixed on a workbench (25) through a base (24), the aiming axis of a ballistic gun/cannon is coincident with the axis of a cavity, secondly, an air pressure adjusting device, a temperature and humidity measuring device, a speed measuring line and a temperature and humidity control line are connected through interfaces, all the interfaces are sealed, then, an inlet diaphragm (8) is installed through a threaded inlet of a front sealing end cover (9), a ring nut (7) is screwed, the front sealing end cover (9) is closed and locked through a lock catch (21), a guide rail (2), a speed measuring frame (3) and a fragment blocking box (19) are sequentially installed in a testing cavity (4) through a rear sealing end cover (18), the rear sealing end cover (18) is closed and locked through the lock catch (21), and finally, after the debugging of the air pressure, temperature, humidity and speed measuring functions of the testing device is completed, the building process of the testing device is completed.
3. The use method of the test device for testing the attenuation law of the fragmentation speed in the complex environment according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before the test starts, the test device forms a complex environment required by the test by regulating and controlling factors of air pressure, temperature and humidity in advance;
step two: when the test is started, fragments with kinetic energy are shot from an inlet diaphragm (8) at the front end of the cavity through ballistic gun/cannon projection, the fragments pass through a speed measuring interval consisting of a speed measuring frame (3) after penetrating through the inlet diaphragm (8) and entering a buffer cavity (6), and the fragments enter a fragment blocking box (19) after flying away from the speed measuring interval, so that a fragment speed attenuation test process is completed; 3 groups of speed data and more than 3 groups of speed data of the fragments in a certain specific temperature, humidity and air pressure environment are obtained through tests, and finally, the fragment speed attenuation coefficient is obtained;
and repeating the test steps to obtain the fragment speed attenuation coefficients under different working conditions, and finally obtaining the fragment speed attenuation rule under the complex environment.
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| CN114184096B true CN114184096B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US6498476B1 (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2002-12-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Underwater high speed projectile speed sensing device |
| CN105866331A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-08-17 | 宁波大学 | Gas sensor test system for dynamic and static gas distribution dual purposes |
| CN206330991U (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-07-14 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of velocity measuring device of sub-calibre bullet |
| CN107830772B (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2023-06-23 | 西安工业大学 | Wind resistance type shell speed measuring device and application method thereof |
| CN107990795B (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2023-05-26 | 西安工业大学 | Shell speed measuring device and application method thereof |
| CN108458823B (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2020-08-04 | 北京理工大学 | Test system for testing overpressure attenuation of shock wave in low-temperature and low-pressure environment |
| CN108592714B (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2020-05-12 | 北京理工大学 | Test device for testing fragment speed attenuation |
| CN111649632B (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2022-07-12 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Fragment scattering angle testing device and testing method |
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