CN114181028B - Preparation method of phenylacetylene - Google Patents

Preparation method of phenylacetylene Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114181028B
CN114181028B CN202111572771.4A CN202111572771A CN114181028B CN 114181028 B CN114181028 B CN 114181028B CN 202111572771 A CN202111572771 A CN 202111572771A CN 114181028 B CN114181028 B CN 114181028B
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reaction
bromostyrol
phenylacetylene
pressure
collecting
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CN114181028A (en
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张�杰
刘树法
娄鹏
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Shandong Boyuan Pharmaceutical Chemical Co ltd
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Shandong Boyuan Pharmaceutical Chemical Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C1/00Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
    • C07C1/26Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only halogen atoms as hetero-atoms
    • C07C1/30Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only halogen atoms as hetero-atoms by splitting-off the elements of hydrogen halide from a single molecule
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/584Recycling of catalysts

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of phenylacetylene, which takes bromostyrol as a raw material and also as a reaction solvent, and under the condition of a catalyst, the system is heated for reaction, after the concentration of bromostyrol as a product is detected to be stable, the reaction is stopped, insoluble matters are removed by filtration, the reaction liquid is distilled at normal pressure, a fraction at 140-143 ℃ is collected, namely the product, the residual kettle residue is distilled at reduced pressure, and the fraction at 100-105 ℃ is collected for the next batch of reaction. The method has the advantages of simple operation, mild condition, less three wastes generated in the production process, low environmental protection pressure, low cost, high yield and the like, has wide application prospect, and is suitable for industrial production.

Description

Preparation method of phenylacetylene
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological medicine, in particular to a preparation method of phenylacetylene.
Background
Phenylacetylene is an important electronic chemical raw material and an organic synthesis intermediate, and phenylacetylene derivatives show excellent reaction characteristics in the synthesis and application of medicines, insect pheromone synthesis, electrode materials, chemiluminescent materials, new liquid crystal materials and the like, so that the phenylacetylene derivatives are widely paid attention. For example, dimethoxyphenylacetylene is a synthetic precursor of a natural drug; various substituted phenylacetylene containing fluorine substituent groups are excellent liquid crystal material intermediates; various substituted phenylacetylene can also be used for preparing good chemiluminescent materials.
Phenylacetylene is an intermediate necessary for preparing symmetrical aryne baseline condensed ring chemiluminescent agent, and its polymer polyphenylacetylene has the characteristics of photoconductive, electric conduction, paramagnetic, energy migration and conversion, etc., and is soluble and fusible, and its performance is stable, so that it is a novel conductive high-molecular material. The phenylacetylene of the company is mainly used for preparing 9, 10-diphenyl ethynyl anthracene series compounds, and the series compounds are fluorescent agent molecules most commonly used in POCl systems.
The preparation method of phenylacetylene has been reported, and comprehensive analysis is mainly carried out by the following four routes:
(1): and adding bromine into the styrene and then dehydrobrominating the styrene by using lithium amide. Its advantages are high output rate up to 90%. However, the lithium amide is prepared by the reaction of metal lithium and liquid ammonia, has strict condition requirements, and is difficult to realize industrial production.
(2): the beta-bromostyrene is prepared by melt reaction of beta-bromostyrene and potassium hydroxide solid. The method is a high-temperature reaction under the strong alkali condition, has high requirements on equipment materials, has serious equipment corrosion, high energy consumption and serious pollution, and has poor production operation feasibility. The yield is low and less than 50%.
(3): after brominating styrene, the methanol system is dehydrobrominated by potassium hydroxide at high temperature, and the product is obtained by steam distillation. The route has the advantages of high safety production risk due to severe heat release of dehydrobromination reaction, easy material spraying, high environmental protection pressure due to the fact that a large amount of high-concentration high-salt sewage is produced by steam distillation. The yield is low, the purity of the product is low, and the purity is about 96%.
(4): the catalyst is prepared from aryl halide and derivatives thereof serving as raw materials by using noble metals such as rhodium, platinum, palladium, nickel, ketone and the like as catalysts through a Sonogashira reaction or a modified Sonogashira coupling reaction. The method adopts the difficult pyridine/triethylamine mixed solvent, and the complex processes of decompression solvent removal, water washing, filtration, column chromatography separation, concentration, recrystallization and the like are adopted for post-treatment, so that the method is not beneficial to industrial production and environmental protection requirements. And noble metals such as palladium are used, so that the cost is high, and the industrialization application of the noble metals is severely limited.
Aiming at the defects of high safety and environmental protection pressure, high production cost, high equipment requirement and the like in the production process of the prior art, the preparation method of phenylacetylene disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simplicity in operation, mild conditions, few three wastes generated in the production process, low environmental protection pressure, low cost and the like, is suitable for industrial production, and has wide market prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of high safety and environmental protection pressure, high production cost, high equipment requirement and the like in the prior art and provide a preparation method of phenylacetylene.
The preparation method of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) Debromination reaction: the bromostyrol is taken as a raw material and also serves as a reaction solvent, the system is heated to react under the condition of a catalyst, the reaction is stopped after the heat preservation is carried out for more than 2 hours, and insoluble matters are removed by filtration.
Synthesis reaction equation of phenylacetylene
(2) And (3) collecting a finished product: and (3) distilling the filtrate in the step (1) at normal pressure, and collecting the fraction at 140-143 ℃ to obtain the phenylacetylene product, wherein the purity detected by a gas chromatography method is more than 98%.
(3) And (3) solvent sleeve: and (3) distilling the residual kettle residue in the step (2) under reduced pressure, and collecting a fraction at 100-105 ℃ which is bromostyrol, and applying the bromostyrol to the next reaction.
The catalyst in the step (1) is one or more of zinc powder, iron powder, aluminum powder, magnesium powder, tetrabutylammonium bromide, di-n-butylamine, tri-n-butylamine, triethylamine, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium amide, lithium amide, sodium methoxide and sodium ethoxide, preferably zinc powder and iron powder.
The system in the step (1) is subjected to heat preservation reaction for more than 2 hours, and the reaction time is preferably 4-6 hours.
The reduced pressure distillation described in step (3) requires a pressure of less than-0.08 MP, preferably-0.08 to-0.1 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention has simple operation, advanced process, less three wastes generated in the production process, small environmental protection pressure and almost clean production.
2. The method has mild reaction conditions, low equipment requirements and low production cost, and is suitable for industrial production.
3. The product yield is more than 80%, even more than 90%, and the GC purity is more than 98%.
Detailed Description
The advantages of the present invention will now be further described by the following examples, which are to be understood as being for illustrative purposes only and not limiting the scope of the present invention, as obvious variations and modifications thereof by persons skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one:
in a 250ml three-neck flask, 183g (1 mol) of bromostyrol, 39g (0.6 mol) of zinc powder, nitrogen protection, stirring uniformly, heating to 100 ℃ for reaction for 6 hours, stopping the reaction, filtering, pumping out a filter cake, distilling the filtrate at normal pressure, and collecting 88.2g of distillate at 140-143 ℃ to obtain phenylacetylene with 86.5% yield and 98.8% GC purity. The residual kettle residue is distilled under reduced pressure, the pressure is-0.095 MP, 17.3g of fraction at 100-105 ℃ is collected, and bromostyrol is used for the next experiment.
Embodiment two:
in a 250ml three-neck flask, 183g (1 mol) of bromostyrol, 33.6g (0.6 mol) of iron powder, nitrogen protection, stirring uniformly, heating to 100 ℃ for reaction for 6 hours under the heat preservation, stopping the reaction, filtering, draining a filter cake, distilling the filtrate at normal pressure, and collecting 82.1g of fraction at 140-143 ℃ to obtain phenylacetylene with the yield of 80.5% and the GC purity of 98.1%. The residual kettle residue is distilled under reduced pressure, the pressure is-0.095 MP, and 19.5g of fraction at 100-105 ℃ is collected, namely bromostyrol, and the bromostyrol is used for the next experiment.
Embodiment III:
in a 250ml three-neck flask, 183g (1 mol) of bromostyrol, 39g (0.6 mol) of zinc powder, nitrogen protection, stirring uniformly, heating to 120 ℃ for reaction for 6 hours under heat preservation, stopping the reaction, filtering, pumping out a filter cake, distilling the filtrate at normal pressure, and collecting 90.3g of distillate at 140-143 ℃ to obtain phenylacetylene with the yield of 88.5% and the GC purity of 98.9%. Distilling the residual kettle residue under reduced pressure, wherein the pressure is-0.095 MP, collecting 16.8g of fraction at 100-105 ℃ to obtain bromostyrol, and applying the bromostyrol to the next experiment.
Embodiment four:
in a 250ml three-neck flask, 183g (1 mol) of bromostyrol, 39g (0.6 mol) of zinc powder, nitrogen protection, stirring uniformly, heating to 120 ℃ for reaction for 8 hours under heat preservation, stopping the reaction, filtering, pumping out a filter cake, distilling the filtrate at normal pressure, and collecting 92.0g of fraction at 140-143 ℃ to obtain phenylacetylene with the yield of 90.2% and the GC purity of 99.1%. The residual kettle residue is distilled under reduced pressure, the pressure is-0.095 MP, and 13.1g of fraction at 100-105 ℃ is collected, namely bromostyrol, and the bromostyrol is used for the next experiment.
Fifth embodiment:
in a 250ml three-neck flask, 183g (1 mol) of bromostyrol, 80g (2.1 mol) of sodium amide, nitrogen protection, stirring uniformly, heating to 120 ℃ for reaction for 4 hours under the heat preservation, stopping the reaction, filtering, draining a filter cake, distilling the filtrate at normal pressure, and collecting 88.3g of distillate at 140-143 ℃ to obtain phenylacetylene with the yield of 86.6% and the GC purity of 98.9%. The residual kettle residue is distilled under reduced pressure, the pressure is-0.095 MP, and 18.8g of fraction at 100-105 ℃ is collected, namely bromostyrol, and the bromostyrol is used for the next experiment.
Example six:
in a 250ml three-neck flask, 183g (1 mol) of bromostyrol, 39g (0.6 mol) of zinc powder, 28g (0.5 mol) of potassium hydroxide, nitrogen protection, uniform stirring, heating to 120 ℃ for reaction for 6 hours, stopping the reaction, filtering, draining a filter cake, distilling the filtrate at normal pressure, and collecting 92.6g of distillate at 140-143 ℃ to obtain phenylacetylene with the yield of 90.8% and the GC purity of 99.5%. Distilling the residual kettle residue under reduced pressure, wherein the pressure is-0.095 MP, collecting 12.6g of fraction at 100-105 ℃ to obtain bromostyrol, and applying the bromostyrol to the next experiment.
It should be apparent that the above experimental examples are given for clarity of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A method for preparing phenylacetylene, comprising the following steps:
(1) Debromination reaction: bromostyrol is taken as a raw material and also serves as a reaction solvent, the system is heated to react under the condition of a catalyst, the reaction is stopped after the heat preservation is carried out for more than 2 hours, and insoluble substances are removed by filtration; the catalyst is one or more of zinc powder, iron powder, aluminum powder and magnesium powder; the system is heated for reaction, and the temperature range is 50-250 ℃;
(2) And (3) collecting a finished product: distilling the filtrate in the step (1) at normal pressure, and collecting fractions at 140-143 ℃ to obtain phenylacetylene;
(3) And (3) solvent sleeve: distilling the residual kettle residue in the step (2) under reduced pressure, and collecting a fraction at 100-105 ℃ which is bromostyrol, and applying the bromostyrol to the next reaction; the pressure is lower than-0.08 MP.
2. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the catalyst is zinc powder or iron powder.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the system in step (1) is heated to 120-140 ℃.
4. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the system in the step (1) is subjected to thermal insulation reaction for 4-6 hours.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reduced pressure distillation in the step (3) is carried out at a pressure of-0.08 to-0.1 MP.
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56133227A (en) * 1980-03-24 1981-10-19 Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd Preparation of phenylacetylene
JPS62145030A (en) * 1985-12-18 1987-06-29 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Production of phenylacetylene compound
CN112457148A (en) * 2020-12-03 2021-03-09 珠海固瑞泰复合材料有限公司 Method for synthesizing high-purity MDPES (methyl diphenylsulfone) raw material phenyl acetylene in one step
CN112608209A (en) * 2020-12-03 2021-04-06 珠海固瑞泰复合材料有限公司 Green method for synthesizing MDPES raw material phenylacetylene without solvent

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56133227A (en) * 1980-03-24 1981-10-19 Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd Preparation of phenylacetylene
JPS62145030A (en) * 1985-12-18 1987-06-29 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Production of phenylacetylene compound
CN112457148A (en) * 2020-12-03 2021-03-09 珠海固瑞泰复合材料有限公司 Method for synthesizing high-purity MDPES (methyl diphenylsulfone) raw material phenyl acetylene in one step
CN112608209A (en) * 2020-12-03 2021-04-06 珠海固瑞泰复合材料有限公司 Green method for synthesizing MDPES raw material phenylacetylene without solvent

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Belletire,John L.等.Sodium Amide.e-EROS Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis.2001,第1-4页. *
Direct Formation of Organocopper Compounds by Oxidative Addition of Zerovalent Copper to Organic Halides;Greg W. Ebert等;J. Org. Chem.;第49卷(第26期);第5280-5282页 *
Sodium Diisopropylamide-Mediated Dehydrohalogenations: Influence of Primary- and Secondary-Shell Solvation;Yun Ma等;J. Org. Chem.;第84卷;第10860-10869页 *
中国商品大辞典编辑委员会.《中国商品大辞典:化学试剂分册》.中国商业出版社,1994,(第1版),第1304页. *

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