CN114180800A - Heat exchange preheating system and method applied to fecal anaerobic fermentation - Google Patents
Heat exchange preheating system and method applied to fecal anaerobic fermentation Download PDFInfo
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- 230000002550 fecal effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat exchange pre-heating system applied to anaerobic fermentation of excrement, which comprises an excrement collecting pool, an adjusting pool, an anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber, a biogas slurry pool and a heating pre-heating loop, wherein the excrement collecting pool, the adjusting pool, the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber and the biogas slurry pool are communicated through a pipeline; after solid-liquid separation, the mixture enters an adjusting tank through a pipeline under the pushing of a pump to be fully mixed and homogenized for pretreatment; the pretreated manure raw material is input into an anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber for anaerobic fermentation reaction under the pushing of a pump through a pipeline, the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber is provided with an anaerobic fermentation tank and a stirring device, and the manure raw material is subjected to anaerobic fermentation in the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber to form biogas slurry; flows through the heat exchanger chamber to exchange heat with the heat exchanger and then flows into the biogas liquid pool.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heat exchange preheating system applied to anaerobic fermentation of excrement.
Background
Along with the situation of resource shortage and increasingly serious environmental pollution, energy-saving and environment-friendly production is increasingly emphasized in the world. In the fecal sewage anaerobic fermentation system, the waste of environmental pollutants is changed into valuable, the biomass energy and other accessory products are provided, and the resource utilization and clean production are realized. However, in the core aspect of the current anaerobic fermentation system, namely heat energy utilization, the situation of incomplete waste heat utilization exists, the process does not utilize the waste heat energy of the biogas slurry in the anaerobic fermentation system in a maximized and resource manner, and the insufficient heat energy utilization and the heat energy dissipation are caused. The energy consumption is large, the cost is high, and the reliability and the feasibility of an anaerobic fermentation system are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The heat exchange preheating system applied to the fecal sewage anaerobic fermentation realizes the recycling, the circulation and the maximized utilization of waste heat energy, ensures the high yield of auxiliary products such as methane and the like, and improves the reliability and the operability of an anaerobic fermentation system. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the heat exchange pre-heating system applied to the anaerobic fermentation of the excrement comprises an excrement collection pool, an anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber, a biogas slurry pool and a heating pre-heating loop, wherein the excrement collection pool, an adjusting pool, the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber and the biogas slurry pool are communicated through a pipeline, and the heating pre-heating loop comprises a pre-heating loop and a heating loop;
a mixed homogenizing device and a solid-liquid separation device are arranged in the excrement collecting tank and are used for homogenizing and carrying out solid-liquid separation on the excrement; after solid-liquid separation, the mixture enters an adjusting tank through a pipeline under the pushing of a pump to be fully mixed and homogenized for pretreatment; the pretreated manure raw material is input into an anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber for anaerobic fermentation reaction under the pushing of a pump through a pipeline, the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber is provided with an anaerobic fermentation tank and a stirring device, and the manure raw material is subjected to anaerobic fermentation in the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber to form biogas slurry; flows into the biogas slurry pool after passing through the heat exchanger chamber and exchanging heat with the heat exchanger
The preheating loop comprises a heat exchange chamber and a coil pipe arranged in the excrement collecting pool, the heat exchange chamber is provided with a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger and the coil pipe arranged in the excrement collecting pool are communicated through a heat-insulating communicating pipe to form a loop, heat-conducting media in the heat exchanger and biogas slurry flowing out of the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber are subjected to heat exchange and then circularly flow through the coil pipe arranged in the excrement collecting pool to preheat the hot excrement raw material, and the biogas slurry flows through the heat exchanger chamber and flows into the biogas slurry pool after being subjected to heat exchange with the heat exchanger;
heating circuit includes the heating coil that heating chamber and equalizing basin, anaerobic fermentation reaction indoor set up, the heating chamber is provided with heating device, and heating coil that heating device and equalizing basin, anaerobic fermentation reaction indoor set up is by keeping warm communicating pipe intercommunication formation return circuit, and the dirty raw materials of equalizing basin heating excrement are circulated to flow through after heat-conducting medium is heated by the circulation hot-water tank in the heat preservation communicating pipe to and the heating coil that sets up in the anaerobic fermentation reaction indoor is in order to keep the anaerobic fermentation reaction temperature in the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber.
The adjusting tank comprises three adjusting tanks C1, C2 and C3, a stirring device is arranged in the three adjusting tanks C1 for fully mixing and homogenizing the excrement raw materials, a coil pipe is further arranged in the three adjusting tanks C1 and communicated with a preheating loop for further preheating the hot excrement raw materials, a sand settling device is arranged in the adjusting tank C2 for settling sand, and a coil pipe is arranged in the adjusting tank C3 for heating the excrement raw materials.
The civil engineering in the excrement collecting pool, the multi-stage regulating pool, the heat exchanger chamber, the heating chamber and the anaerobic fermentation chamber is provided with a heat insulation structure;
the mixing and homogenizing device of the fecal sewage collecting tank comprises a manual stirring mechanism or a mechanical stirring mechanism, and the solid-liquid separation method of the fecal sewage collecting tank comprises solid-liquid separation equipment or a grid.
The heat-insulating concrete coil is a snake-shaped coil or a U-shaped coil.
The heating device can be any one of a methane boiler heating device, a heat pump heating device, a solar photovoltaic and electric water heater heating device and a multi-energy coupling solar heating device.
The heating loop and the pre-heating loop adopt the speed and the flow rate of the combined flow rate of a pump and a flow controller.
The heating device comprises a heat source device and a circulating hot water tank.
A buffer pool and a water collecting pool are also arranged between the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber and the heat exchanger chamber,
the invention also provides a heat exchange preheating method applied to the fecal anaerobic fermentation, which comprises the following steps;
after collecting excrement and sewage raw materials, homogenizing in an excrement and sewage collecting tank, carrying out solid-liquid separation, and preheating to 15-25 ℃ by a preheating loop;
after solid-liquid separation, the solid-liquid separation enters an adjusting tank through a pipeline under the pushing of a pump for full mixing and homogenate pretreatment, and is heated to 30-36 ℃ by a heating loop;
thirdly, after full mixing and homogenate pretreatment, the fecal sewage raw material is input into an anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber through a pipeline under the pushing of a pump to perform anaerobic fermentation reaction to form biogas slurry, and a heating loop keeps the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber at 36 +/-5 ℃;
and fourthly, allowing biogas slurry output by the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber to pass through the buffer pool and the water collecting pool, then flowing through the heat exchanger chamber to exchange heat with the heat exchanger, and then flowing into the biogas slurry pool.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: through heat exchanger and natural pond liquid heat transfer, make full use of natural pond liquid is preheated and is adopted the coil pipe mode to realize first dirty raw materials of excrement and heat up to anaerobic fermentation reaction target temperature to dirty raw materials of excrement, heat when rethread heating device. By recycling, cyclic cyclization and maximum utilization of the waste heat of the anaerobic fermentation biogas slurry, the difference between the initial temperature of the fecal sewage raw material and the target temperature is effectively and objectively reduced, the heating energy consumption is greatly reduced, the operation production with low energy consumption, recycling and cyclic cyclization is realized, the high yield of the product is ensured, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly production is realized. Therefore, the risk of the system is reduced, and the reliability and the operability of the system are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat exchange preheating system applied to anaerobic fermentation of manure according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The heat exchange preheating system applied to the anaerobic fermentation of manure is shown in figure 1: including the dirty collecting pit of excrement 1, equalizing basin 2, anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber 3, natural pond liquid pond 4 and heating loop that preheats, still be equipped with buffer pool 5 and water catch bowl 6 between anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber and the heat exchanger room, the dirty collecting pit of excrement 1, equalizing basin 2, anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber 3, natural pond liquid pond 4 adopts pump 10 propelling movement to realize the pipeline intercommunication through keeping warm communicating pipe, can also be equipped with solid-liquid separation machine 20 between the pipeline, the heating loop that preheats includes loop 7 and heating circuit 8 of preheating.
The preheating loop 7 comprises a heat exchange chamber 71 and a preheating coil pipe 72 arranged in the excrement collection pool, the heat exchange chamber is provided with a heat exchanger 73, the heat exchanger 73 and the preheating coil pipe 72 arranged in the excrement collection pool are communicated by a heat-insulating communicating pipe to form a loop, heat-conducting media in the heat exchanger and biogas slurry flowing out of the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber 3 are subjected to heat exchange and then circularly flow through the coil pipe 72 arranged in the excrement collection pool to preheat the excrement raw material, and the biogas slurry flows through the heat exchanger chamber after passing through the buffer pool 5 and the water collection pool 6 to exchange heat with the heat exchanger and then flows into the biogas slurry pool 4;
the heating loop 8 comprises a heating chamber 81 and an adjusting tank 2, heating coils 82 and 83 arranged in the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber 3, the heating chamber 81 is provided with a heating device, in the embodiment, the heating 851 comprises a heat source device 851 and a circulating hot water tank 852, the 851 and the circulating hot water tank 852 form a loop, the circulating hot water tank 852 and the adjusting tank 2, the heating coils 82 and 83 arranged in the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber 3 are communicated by a heat-insulating communicating pipe to form a loop, heat-conducting media in the heat-insulating communicating pipe are heated by the circulating hot water tank 852 and then circularly flow through the adjusting tank 2 to heat the fecal sewage raw material to 30-36 ℃, and the heating coil 83 arranged in the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber 3 keeps the anaerobic fermentation reaction temperature in the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber to be 36 ℃.
The heat conducting medium in the heating preheating loop can adopt water or heat conducting oil.
A mixed homogenizing device 11 and a solid-liquid separation device 12 are arranged in the excrement collecting tank 1 and used for homogenizing and solid-liquid separating excrement, and meanwhile, a preheating coil pipe 72 preheats the excrement raw material to 15-25 ℃.
After solid-liquid separation, the solid-liquid separation enters an adjusting tank 2 through a pipeline under the pushing of a pump to be fully mixed and homogenized, the adjusting tank 2 in the embodiment comprises three stages of adjusting tanks (not shown) including C1, C2 and C3, wherein coil pipes can be further arranged in the C1 adjusting tanks and the C2 adjusting tanks to be communicated with a pre-heating loop so as to further pre-heat hot fecal sewage raw materials, stirring devices are arranged in a C1 adjusting tank to fully mix and homogenize the fecal sewage raw materials and heat the mixture to about 10 ℃ through the coil pipes, sand settling devices are arranged in a C2 adjusting tank to perform a sand settling method and heat the mixture to about 20 ℃ through the coil pipes, and coil pipes are arranged in a C3 adjusting tank to heat the fecal sewage raw materials to about 30-36 ℃ of anaerobic fermentation reaction temperature.
The pretreated fecal sewage raw material is input into an anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber 3 for anaerobic fermentation reaction under the pushing of a pump through a pipeline, the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber is provided with an anaerobic fermentation tank 31 and a stirring device 32, the anaerobic fermentation reaction temperature of the fecal sewage raw material is kept about 36 ℃ through a heating coil 83 communicated with a heating loop, and the pretreated fecal sewage raw material is subjected to anaerobic fermentation in the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber 3 to form biogas slurry; passes through the buffer tank 5 and the water collecting tank 6 in sequence, then flows through the heat exchanger chamber 71 to exchange heat with the heat exchanger 72, and then flows into the biogas liquid tank 4.
The heat exchange preheating method applied to the fecal anaerobic fermentation in the embodiment comprises the following steps;
after collecting excrement and sewage raw materials, homogenizing in an excrement and sewage collecting tank, carrying out solid-liquid separation, and preheating to 15-25 ℃ by a preheating loop;
after solid-liquid separation, the solid-liquid separation enters an adjusting tank through a pipeline under the pushing of a pump for full mixing and homogenate pretreatment, and is heated to 30-36 ℃ by a heating loop;
thirdly, after full mixing and homogenate pretreatment, the fecal sewage raw material is input into an anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber through a pipeline under the pushing of a pump to perform anaerobic fermentation reaction to form biogas slurry, and a heating loop keeps the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber at 36 ℃;
and fourthly, allowing biogas slurry output by the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber to pass through the buffer pool and the water collecting pool, then flowing through the heat exchanger chamber to exchange heat with the heat exchanger, and then flowing into the biogas slurry pool.
The actual number of the multistage adjusting tanks in the scheme is determined according to the requirement of the instance situation, and the characteristic dtext of the multistage adjusting tank is that the multistage adjusting tank is used in a circulating mode and a gradient mode to improve the utilization rate of waste heat of the just-discharged biogas slurry.
According to the scheme, the coiled heat exchange realizes the utilization of the residual temperature of the freshly discharged biogas slurry through the heat exchanger, so that the initial temperature rise of the fecal sewage raw material is initially improved, the difference value between the initial temperature of the fecal sewage raw material and the target temperature of anaerobic fermentation of the fecal sewage raw material is reduced, and the efficiency of the fecal sewage raw material passing through the heat exchanger is indirectly improved.
The heat exchange chamber 71 is provided with a large-flow heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the pretreated fecal sewage mixed liquid and the freshly discharged biogas slurry in steps, and after heat exchange, the fecal sewage raw material is heated to more than 20 ℃. The heat exchanger has diversified types and strong corrosion resistance, is selected according to actual conditions, such as a plate heat exchanger, a tubular heat exchanger, a comprehensive heat exchanger and the like, has diversity in type selection and strong adaptability, and plays a role in warming the pretreated fecal sewage mixed liquid, thereby playing a role in recycling and recycling the waste heat of the freshly discharged biogas slurry, greatly reducing the warming energy consumption of the fecal sewage raw material, realizing the energy-saving and environment-friendly operation production of a system, and improving the reliability and the operability of the system;
the heat exchanger chamber can also be provided with a plurality of communicated step-type medium-flow heat exchangers, so that heat exchange is carried out on the pretreated fecal sewage mixed liquid and the freshly discharged biogas slurry for a plurality of times, and the heat exchanger chamber is characterized by being in a circulating type and step-type mode, so that the waste heat of the freshly discharged biogas slurry is utilized to the maximum extent, and the temperature of the fecal sewage raw material is increased to about 20 ℃;
the heat exchanger is required to be made of materials with strong corrosion resistance and long service life, and the heat exchanger made of materials with strong corrosion resistance and good performance, such as stainless steel materials, can be selected in an implementation mode; and necessary anticorrosion measures are adopted: corrosion inhibitors such as chromates may be added; corrosion inhibitors on heat exchanger maps, such as conventional corrosion inhibiting coatings: anticorrosive paint for pipelines, anticorrosive paint for steel structures and the like; heavy anti-corrosive paint vinyl chloride paint, solvent-free anti-corrosive paint and the like.
The heat exchanger in the scheme is mainly a key core for realizing resource recycling and cyclic utilization, the full utilization of the waste heat of the system is realized, the temperature of the fecal sewage raw material is raised again through heat exchange, the energy consumption of the system for raising the temperature of the fecal sewage raw material to a target temperature is greatly reduced, the production cost is greatly reduced while the high yield of the system product is ensured, the profit rate is improved, and the system has less risk, higher reliability and stronger operability;
the heat source unit 851 may be a biogas boiler heating unit, a heat pump heating unit, a solar photovoltaic and electric water heater, a solar coupled heating system, or the like.
The biogas boiler heating device is used for heating the pretreated feces and sewage mixed liquor to a target temperature by using biogas generated by anaerobic fermentation as a fuel;
the heat pump heating device mainly takes two modes of an air source and a water source as heat sources, and the temperature of the pretreated fecal sewage raw material is raised to a target temperature by about 20 ℃. The heat pump is used for absorbing heat in an evaporator of the main group of the outdoor heat pump through evaporation, and the working medium is used for absorbing heat in outdoor air and a water source (biogas slurry after heat exchange). The heat pump water heater absorbs heat in outdoor air and water source (biogas slurry after heat exchange) and heats the pretreated fecal sewage mixed liquid to a target temperature. Selecting the preferred areas and environments according to different examples; the sewage source heat pump can also extract heat from the biogas slurry at the temperature of about 20 ℃, so that the utilization rate of the waste heat of the biogas slurry is improved;
the solar photovoltaic and electric water heater heating mode is an energy-saving and strong-adaptability heating mode, solar photovoltaic power generation is used for heating under the illumination condition, and the electric water heater is used for heating in the haze weather, so that the solar photovoltaic and electric water heater is suitable for different weather environments;
the multi-energy coupling solar heating mode is mainly used for heating the pretreated excrement and sewage mixed liquid to a target temperature by stably utilizing solar energy.
In this example, the process is divided into a fecal sewage raw material pretreatment stage and an anaerobic fermentation reaction stage.
The pretreatment stage of the fecal sewage raw material comprises the following steps: collecting excrement, pretreating the excrement, primarily heating the excrement raw material through coil-type heat exchange, heating the excrement raw material again through a heat exchanger, and heating the excrement raw material to a target temperature.
In this example, the manure pre-treatment stage: the excrement and sewage collecting channel enters an excrement and sewage collecting pool under the action of water flow and a pump; a mixing homogenizing device and a solid-liquid separation device (easy to replace, transport and maintain and the like) are arranged in the excrement collecting tank, and are used for homogenizing and solid-liquid separating the excrement; after solid-liquid separation, the solid-liquid mixture enters an adjusting tank C1 through a pipeline under the general use of a pump, and a stirring device is arranged in the adjusting tank to fully mix and homogenize the concentrated liquid of the excrement; then enters the coil pipe for heat exchange; after the heat exchange of the excrement and the sewage, the excrement and the sewage enter an adjusting tank C2 under the action of a pump, and a sand settling device is arranged in the adjusting tank for carrying out a sand settling method; then enters the coil pipe for heat exchange; after the heat exchange of the excrement and the sewage, the excrement and the sewage enter an adjusting tank C3 under the action of a pump, and a medicament (such as sodium metaaluminate) can be added in the step to adjust the pH value, namely the pH value range of the anaerobic fermentation reaction can be within the range; then enters the coil pipe for heat exchange; the coil pipes are sequentially connected, one end of the coil pipe is connected with the regulating tank, and the other end of the coil pipe is connected with the outlet of the heat exchanger; the pump and the flow controller are combined through frequency conversion of the pump, so that the speed of the flow speed is accurately controlled; the flow controller accurately controls the flow and controls the flow according to the actual conditions of the foundation; after the primary temperature rise of the coil pipe, the temperature of the fecal sewage raw material is raised to about 10 ℃; after the heat exchange of the excrement and the sewage, the excrement and the sewage are input into one end of an inlet of a heat exchanger under the action of a pump, simultaneously, the newly-discharged biogas slurry passes through a communicating pipe, and is input into the other end of the inlet of the heat exchanger under the action of the pump, so that the heat exchange between the excrement and the newly-discharged biogas slurry is realized through the heat exchanger, and the temperature of the excrement and the sewage is raised to about 20 ℃ again; after the fecal sewage raw material is heated again in the heat exchanger, the fecal sewage raw material passes through a heating device of a heating chamber under the action of a pump through a communicating pipe, the temperature is heated up to a target temperature, namely within the range of 27-35 ℃, and the pH value can be adjusted in the process, namely within the range of the pH value of the anaerobic fermentation reaction;
in this example, the anaerobic fermentation reaction stage: the pretreated manure raw material is input into an anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation reaction under the action of a pump through a communicating pipe;
in this example, the raw material manure and the freshly produced biogas slurry are circulated and stepped in the heat exchanger;
in the embodiment, the environmental pollution and energy loss caused by the infiltration of the feces are prevented, and necessary anti-infiltration measures and heat preservation measures are adopted; thereby improving the reliability, environmental protection and operability of the system;
it should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A heat exchange pre-heating system applied to fecal sewage anaerobic fermentation comprises a fecal sewage collecting pool, an adjusting pool, an anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber, a biogas slurry pool and a heating pre-heating loop, wherein the fecal sewage collecting pool, the adjusting pool, the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber and the biogas slurry pool are communicated through pipelines, and the heating pre-heating loop comprises a pre-heating loop and a heating loop;
a mixed homogenizing device and a solid-liquid separation device are arranged in the excrement collecting tank and are used for homogenizing and carrying out solid-liquid separation on the excrement; after solid-liquid separation, the mixture enters an adjusting tank through a pipeline under the pushing of a pump to be fully mixed and homogenized for pretreatment; the pretreated manure raw material is input into an anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber for anaerobic fermentation reaction under the pushing of a pump through a pipeline, the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber is provided with an anaerobic fermentation tank and a stirring device, and the manure raw material is subjected to anaerobic fermentation in the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber to form biogas slurry; flows through the heat exchanger chamber to exchange heat with the heat exchanger and then flows into the biogas liquid pool;
the preheating loop comprises a heat exchange chamber and a coil pipe arranged in the excrement collecting pool, the heat exchange chamber is provided with a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger and the coil pipe arranged in the excrement collecting pool are communicated through a heat-insulating communicating pipe to form a loop, heat-conducting media in the heat exchanger and biogas slurry flowing out of the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber are subjected to heat exchange and then circularly flow through the coil pipe arranged in the excrement collecting pool to preheat the hot excrement raw material, and the biogas slurry flows through the heat exchanger chamber and flows into the biogas slurry pool after being subjected to heat exchange with the heat exchanger;
heating circuit includes the heating coil that heating chamber and equalizing basin, anaerobic fermentation reaction indoor set up, the heating chamber is provided with heating device, and heating coil that heating device and equalizing basin, anaerobic fermentation reaction indoor set up is by keeping warm communicating pipe intercommunication formation return circuit, and the dirty raw materials of equalizing basin heating excrement are circulated to flow through after heat-conducting medium is heated by the circulation hot-water tank in the intercommunication that keeps warm to and the heating coil that sets up in the anaerobic fermentation reaction indoor is in order to keep the anaerobic fermentation reaction temperature 36 +/-5 degrees centigrade in the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber.
2. The heat exchange preheating system applied to the fecal anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the adjusting tank comprises three-level adjusting tanks of C1, C2 and C3, wherein coil pipes are further arranged in the C1 and C2 adjusting tanks and communicated with a preheating loop to further preheat hot fecal sewage raw materials, stirring devices are arranged in the C1 adjusting tank to fully mix and homogenize the fecal sewage raw materials, sand settling devices are arranged in the C2 adjusting tank to carry out a sand settling method, and coil pipes are arranged in the C3 adjusting tank to heat the fecal sewage raw materials.
3. The heat exchange preheating system applied to the fecal anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and heat insulation structures are arranged in civil constructions in the excrement collecting pool, the adjusting pool, the anaerobic fermentation chamber, the heat exchanger chamber and the heating chamber.
4. The heat exchange preheating system applied to the fecal anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the mixing and homogenizing device of the fecal sewage collecting tank comprises a manual stirring mechanism or a mechanical stirring mechanism, and the solid-liquid separation method of the fecal sewage collecting tank comprises solid-liquid separation equipment or a grid.
5. The heat exchange preheating system applied to the fecal anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the heat preservation coil pipe is a concrete serpentine coil pipe or a U-shaped coil pipe.
6. The heat exchange preheating system applied to the fecal anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the heating device is any one of a methane boiler heating device, a heat pump heating device, a solar photovoltaic and electric water heater heating device and a multi-energy coupling solar heating device.
7. The heat exchange preheating system applied to the fecal anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the heating loop and the pre-heating loop adopt the speed and the flow rate of the combined flow rate of a pump and a flow controller.
8. The heat exchange preheating system applied to the fecal anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the heating device comprises a heat source device and a circulating hot water tank.
9. The heat exchange preheating system applied to the fecal anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and a buffer pool and a water collecting pool are also arranged between the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber and the heat exchanger chamber.
10. A heat exchange preheating method applied to fecal anaerobic fermentation comprises the following steps;
after collecting excrement and sewage raw materials, homogenizing in an excrement and sewage collecting tank, carrying out solid-liquid separation, and preheating to 15-25 ℃ by a preheating loop;
after solid-liquid separation, the solid-liquid separation enters an adjusting tank through a pipeline under the pushing of a pump for full mixing and homogenate pretreatment, and is heated to 30-36 ℃ by a heating loop;
thirdly, after full mixing and homogenate pretreatment, the fecal sewage raw material is input into an anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber through a pipeline under the pushing of a pump to perform anaerobic fermentation reaction to form biogas slurry, and a heating loop keeps the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber at 36 +/-5 ℃;
and biogas slurry output by the anaerobic fermentation reaction chamber flows through the heat exchanger chamber to exchange heat with the heat exchanger, and then flows into the biogas slurry pool.
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