CN114180032B - Variable outlet duct system - Google Patents
Variable outlet duct system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114180032B CN114180032B CN202111382489.XA CN202111382489A CN114180032B CN 114180032 B CN114180032 B CN 114180032B CN 202111382489 A CN202111382489 A CN 202111382489A CN 114180032 B CN114180032 B CN 114180032B
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- duct
- outlet
- lip
- variable
- support
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C21/00—Influencing air flow over aircraft surfaces by affecting boundary layer flow
- B64C21/02—Influencing air flow over aircraft surfaces by affecting boundary layer flow by use of slot, ducts, porous areas or the like
- B64C21/08—Influencing air flow over aircraft surfaces by affecting boundary layer flow by use of slot, ducts, porous areas or the like adjustable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64U50/00—Propulsion; Power supply
- B64U50/10—Propulsion
- B64U50/13—Propulsion using external fans or propellers
- B64U50/14—Propulsion using external fans or propellers ducted or shrouded
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a variable outlet ducted system, the ducted outlet (6) comprising: the duct wall joint (61), the elastic lip (62), the outlet mounting ring (63), the supporting spring (64), the variable lip bracket (65), the driving rod (66) and the driving seat (67); the duct wall interface (61), the elastic lip (62) and the outlet mounting ring (63) are all annular and are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the supporting spring (64) is in a horn mouth shape, and a plurality of variable lip supports (65) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the supporting spring (64); the variable lip supports (65) are respectively connected with the driving seat (67) through a driving rod (66), and the driving seat (67) drives the driving rod (66) to drive the variable lip supports (65) to move, so that the diameter and the appearance of the elastic lip (62) are changed. The aperture of the duct outlet is variable, so that the environmental friendliness of the duct system can be improved, and the flight efficiency can be improved during forward flight.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation, and particularly relates to a variable outlet duct system.
Background
The rotor system generates lift through the rotation of the rotor system, and provides lift and propulsion capable of taking off and landing vertically for the aircraft, but because the rotating rotor has injury threat to surrounding personnel and environment, the rotor system with duct protection appears, namely the duct system, the duct not only plays a role in protecting in the duct system, but also can provide additional lift, the flight efficiency can be improved, the size can be correspondingly reduced, and the weight of the rotor is reduced.
However, the lower purge air flow generated by the light-weight small-size duct system has great influence on the environment, such as more obvious dust effect, etc., and if the large-size rotor system and the duct are directly selected, the air vehicle has the problem of overlarge weight caused by the heavy weight although the air vehicle is friendly to the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a variable outlet duct system, which solves the problems that the weight of a helicopter is too large and the influence on the environment is large due to too small existing ducts.
The present invention provides a variable outlet ductal system comprising: a duct 1; the duct outlet 6 of the duct 1 comprises: duct wall interface 61, elastic lip 62, outlet mounting ring 63, support spring 64, variable lip bracket 65, drive rod 66 and drive seat 67;
the duct wall interface 61, the elastic lip 62 and the outlet mounting ring 63 are all annular, and are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the duct wall interface 61 is in transitional connection with the duct wall surface 5 of the duct 1, and the outlet mounting ring 63 is connected with the casing of the duct 1;
the supporting spring 64 is in a horn mouth shape and is supported on the inner side of the elastic lip 62, a plurality of variable lip brackets 65 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the supporting spring 64, and the supporting spring 64 and the plurality of variable lip brackets 65 are used for supporting the appearance of the elastic lip 62;
the variable lip support 65 is connected with a driving seat 67 through a driving rod 66, and the driving seat 67 drives the driving rod 66 to drive the variable lip support 65 to move so as to drive the supporting spring 64 to deform, thereby changing the diameter and the shape of the elastic lip 62.
Alternatively, the outlet mounting ring 63 is formed of a circular spring ring of adjustable diameter and an elastic material.
Optionally, the connection part of the outlet mounting ring 63 and the housing of the duct 1 is made of an elastic material.
Alternatively, when the diameter of the bypass outlet 6 is increased, the diameter of the bypass outlet can be 1.2-2 times of that of the original bypass outlet.
Optionally, the variable lip bracket 65 is in a strip shape, and two ends of the variable lip bracket are respectively connected with the duct wall interface 61 and the outlet mounting ring 63.
Optionally, one end of the supporting spring 64 is connected to the duct wall interface 61, and the other end is connected to the outlet mounting ring 63.
Optionally, an installation joint is disposed between the supporting spring 64 and the variable lip support 65, so as to drive each variable lip support 65 to bend along with the change of the bell mouth of the supporting spring 64 when the supporting spring 64 is deformed.
Optionally, the variable outlet ducted system further comprises: a rotor 2 and a rotor mounting bracket 3;
the rotor wing 2 is arranged on a duct wall surface 5 of the duct 1 through a rotor wing mounting support 3, and the rotor wing 2 is driven to rotate through a power output shaft of a motor or an engine.
The present invention provides a variable outlet ductal system comprising: a duct 1; the duct outlet 6 of the duct 1 comprises: duct wall interface 61, elastic lip 62, outlet mounting ring 63, support spring 64, variable lip bracket 65, drive rod 66 and drive seat 67; the duct wall interface 61, the elastic lip 62 and the outlet mounting ring 63 are all annular, and are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the duct wall interface 61 is in transitional connection with the duct wall surface 5 of the duct 1, and the outlet mounting ring 63 is connected with the casing of the duct 1; the supporting spring 64 is in a horn mouth shape and is supported on the inner side of the elastic lip 62, a plurality of variable lip brackets 65 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the supporting spring 64, and the supporting spring 64 and the plurality of variable lip brackets 65 are used for supporting the appearance of the elastic lip 62; the variable lip support 65 is connected with a driving seat 67 through a driving rod 66, and the driving seat 67 drives the driving rod 66 to drive the variable lip support 65 to move so as to drive the supporting spring 64 to deform, thereby changing the diameter and the shape of the elastic lip 62. By enlarging the diameter of the outlet of the duct, the downward washing airflow speed of the duct is reduced, the environmental friendliness of the duct system is improved, and the lifting environmental adaptability of the duct system is improved; meanwhile, the duct system can reduce the size, reduce the flight resistance and improve the flight efficiency when flying forwards. The aerodynamic load is large in front flying, and the structures such as the contracted elastic element and the supporting frame are more suitable for large-load scene application; the aerodynamic load is small when the vertical take-off and landing, and the stretched elastic material can adapt.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a prior art ducted system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a variable outlet ductwork system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the outlet internal structure of the variable outlet ductwork provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the variable outlet ductwork provided by the present invention in a state where the outlet becomes smaller;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a variable outlet ductwork system according to the present invention in a first state when the outlet is enlarged;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram II of a variable outlet ductwork system according to the present invention when the outlet is enlarged;
reference numerals illustrate:
1-duct; 2-rotor wing; 3-rotor mounting support;
4-a bypass inlet; 5-wall surface of the duct; 6-a bypass outlet;
61-duct wall interface; 62-resilient lips; 63-an outlet mounting ring;
64-a support spring; 65-variable lip bracket; 66—a drive rod;
67-driving seat.
Detailed Description
The variable outlet ductwork provided by the present invention is explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention considers that the lower washing gas flow rate generated by the large-size rotor wing system is low under the premise of the same lift force requirement, is environment-friendly, but the weight of the large-size rotor wing and the bypass is increased, so that the weight of the aircraft is overlarge; the light-weight small-size duct system has large downward washing air flow, and has larger influence on the environment, such as more obvious dust raising effect. Therefore, there is a need for a variable outlet diameter duct system that maintains a small size and weight, but that can expand the duct outlet during vertical take-off and landing to better diffuse the outlet airflow, thereby increasing the area of the duct airflow, reducing the down wash airflow rate of the duct, and improving environmental friendliness. The variable outlet duct system can enlarge the size of the duct outlet during vertical take-off and landing, reduce the flow rate of the downwash, improve the environmental friendliness, keep the overall smaller size, lighten the weight of an aircraft, improve the carrying efficiency, reduce the size of the duct outlet during forward flying cruising, reduce the windward area, reduce the resistance and improve the flying efficiency.
Referring specifically to FIGS. 1-6, the present invention proposes a variable outlet ductwork system comprising: duct 1, rotor 2, rotor mounting support 3, duct inlet 4, duct wall 5 and duct outlet 6; wherein,,
the bypass outlet 6 includes: duct wall interface 61, resilient lip 62, outlet mounting ring 63, support spring 64, variable lip bracket 65, drive rod 66, and drive seat 67.
The rotor wing 2 is arranged on the duct 1 through a rotor wing mounting support 3, the rotor wing 2 is driven to rotate through a power output shaft of a motor or an engine, the rotor wing rotates to generate required lift force or thrust, the arc-shaped chamfer lip of the duct at the air flow entering position is called a duct inlet 4 according to the flowing direction of the air flow, and the lip of the duct at the air flow leaving position is called a duct outlet 6. The duct inlet and the duct outlet play a role in guiding the rotor airflow and improving the efficiency, and the duct inlet is contracted and can improve the airflow speed, so that the small-size duct can drive more air and generate larger lifting force; the duct outlet is expanded, so that the area of the outlet airflow is enlarged, the speed is reduced, and the environment friendliness is improved.
As shown in fig. 3, the variable outlet duct system is connected with the duct wall surface 5 through the duct wall interface 61 and ensures the continuity of the aerodynamic shape of the inner wall of the duct consisting of the duct inlet 4, the duct wall surface 5 and the duct outlet 6, at this time, the aerodynamic shape of the duct outlet 6 is mainly composed of an elastic lip 62, and the continuity of the aerodynamic shape under different duct diameters is ensured through elastic deformation; the shape of the elastic lip 62 is supported by a supporting spring 64 and a variable lip bracket 65, the supporting spring 64 is in a horn mouth shape, is connected with a duct wall joint 61 and an outlet mounting ring 63, is supported on the inner side of the elastic lip 62, the size of an outlet section, namely the outer end of the horn mouth, can be changed by traction of the variable lip bracket 65, the outlet mounting ring 63 is composed of a circular spring ring with adjustable diameter and an elastic material, the diameter can be adjusted under the condition of keeping a circular shape, the outlet mounting ring 63 is connected with a duct shell, the connecting part is made of an elastic material, and the shape can be changed along with the change of the diameter of the outlet; the variable lip support 65 can change the radian of the support and the diameter of the connection of the outer end of the support and the outlet mounting ring 63 through expansion and contraction, the support is pulled by the driving rod 66 to change and fix the shape, and the driving rod 66 is driven to operate by driving equipment such as a servo steering engine or a hydraulic rod arranged on the driving seat 67.
The diameter of the duct outlet is changed through deformation, a variable outlet system is added to the duct outlet, and other components are similar to those of a conventional duct system; the variable outlet system is adopted to drive the variable lip support 65 through driving equipment such as a servo steering engine or a hydraulic rod and the like arranged on the driving seat 67 to change the outlet diameter and the outlet outline, the supporting spring 64 is matched with the outline of the variable lip support to change the specific supporting outline of the lip, and the elastic lip is deformed along with the outline of the variable lip to realize the integral variable diameter and the variable outline of the lip so as to support the adjustment of the wind speed of the outlet of the culvert, so that the variable diameter and the variable outline of the lip are suitable for different requirements of vertical take-off and landing and forward flying cruising.
4-6, FIG. 4 shows a variable outlet ducted system in cruise flight with the duct outlet reduced and the duct frontal area reduced to reduce flight drag, while the contracted elastomeric material provides higher strength to support higher aerodynamic loads at high speed forward flight conditions; fig. 5-6 show the variable outlet ductwork in a vertical lift condition, with the duct outlet enlarged to reduce the airflow velocity at the duct outlet and improve environmental friendliness.
Further, the diameter of the duct outlet can be 1.2-2 times of the diameter of the original outlet, and the section line of the duct outlet and the wall surface of the duct keep the aerodynamic shape continuous.
Further, in order to provide higher installation strength, a slidably positioned installation joint can be added between the support spring 64 and the variable lip support 65 to adapt to the installation position change between the support and the support spring caused by the appearance change of the duct outlet, the installation joint can be in the form of a cross joint with a through hole, and the support and the spring are arranged in the middle according to longitude and latitude, and can be locked by a locking mechanism such as a locking screw; structures such as a sucker can be added between the elastic lip 62 and the support spring 64 as well as between the elastic lip support 65, and the sucker is arranged on the support spring 64 to adsorb the elastic lip 62, so that the loosening or tightening action can be remotely or automatically executed.
Furthermore, the duct outlet of the invention can be replaced by the traditional hard material matched with the elastic deformation material, such as the hard material matched with the elastic deformation material such as rubber, such as metal, composite material and the like, and the outlet is driven to deform through the support system, and the enlarged surface area is covered by the deformation of the elastic material.
According to the variable outlet duct system, the diameter of the outlet of the duct is enlarged, so that the downward washing airflow speed of the duct is reduced, the environmental friendliness of the duct system is improved, and the taking-off and landing environmental adaptability of the duct system is improved; meanwhile, the duct system can reduce the size, reduce the flight resistance and improve the flight efficiency when flying forwards. The aerodynamic load is large in front flying, and the structures such as the contracted elastic element and the supporting frame are more suitable for large-load scene application; the aerodynamic load is small when the vertical take-off and landing, and the stretched elastic material can adapt.
Claims (7)
1. A variable outlet ductal system, comprising: a duct (1); the duct outlet (6) of the duct (1) comprises:
the duct wall joint (61), the elastic lip (62), the outlet mounting ring (63), the supporting spring (64), the variable lip bracket (65), the driving rod (66) and the driving seat (67);
the duct wall interface (61), the elastic lip (62) and the outlet mounting ring (63) are all annular and are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the duct wall interface (61) is in transitional connection with the duct wall surface (5) of the duct (1), and the outlet mounting ring (63) is connected with the shell of the duct (1);
the support spring (64) is in a horn mouth shape and is supported on the inner side of the elastic lip (62), a plurality of variable lip supports (65) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the support spring (64), and the support spring (64) and the variable lip supports (65) are used for supporting the appearance of the elastic lip (62);
the variable lip support (65) is connected with the driving seat (67) through the driving rod (66), and the driving seat (67) drives the driving rod (66) to drive the variable lip support (65) to move so as to drive the supporting spring (64) to deform, so that the diameter and the appearance of the elastic lip (62) are changed;
and a mounting joint is arranged between the support spring (64) and the variable lip support (65) and is used for driving each variable lip support (65) to bend along with the change of the bell mouth of the support spring (64) when the support spring (64) is deformed.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the outlet mounting ring (63) is comprised of a round spring ring of adjustable diameter and an elastic material.
3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that the connection of the outlet mounting ring (63) to the housing of the duct (1) is made of an elastic material.
4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the bypass outlet (6) is increased by 1.2-2 times the original outlet diameter.
5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the variable lip bracket (65) is elongated and has two ends connected to the duct wall interface (61) and the outlet mounting ring (63), respectively.
6. The system according to claim 5, wherein one end of the support spring (64) is connected to the duct wall interface (61) and the other end is connected to the outlet mounting ring (63).
7. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a rotor (2) and a rotor mounting support (3);
the rotor (2) is arranged on a duct wall surface (5) of the duct (1) through a rotor mounting support (3), and the rotor (2) is driven to rotate through a power output shaft of a motor or an engine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111382489.XA CN114180032B (en) | 2021-11-19 | 2021-11-19 | Variable outlet duct system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111382489.XA CN114180032B (en) | 2021-11-19 | 2021-11-19 | Variable outlet duct system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114180032A CN114180032A (en) | 2022-03-15 |
| CN114180032B true CN114180032B (en) | 2023-10-27 |
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ID=80541125
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111382489.XA Active CN114180032B (en) | 2021-11-19 | 2021-11-19 | Variable outlet duct system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114180032B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117685098B (en) * | 2024-02-01 | 2024-04-05 | 西安航空学院 | Stepless adjusting device for outer duct of variable-cycle engine |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101973391A (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2011-02-16 | 北京理工大学 | Lip and spread angle variable efficient duct |
| CN105966601A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-09-28 | 西北工业大学 | Ducted fan lip inflatable air bag and flow separation control method thereof |
| IL248389A0 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-11-30 | Boeing Co | Variable-geometry ducted fan |
| CN112607002A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Double-rotor ducted aircraft based on annular motor drive and control method thereof |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9297333B2 (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-03-29 | The Boeing Company | Variable geometry inlet for a ducted fan and method of assembling same |
-
2021
- 2021-11-19 CN CN202111382489.XA patent/CN114180032B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101973391A (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2011-02-16 | 北京理工大学 | Lip and spread angle variable efficient duct |
| IL248389A0 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-11-30 | Boeing Co | Variable-geometry ducted fan |
| CN105966601A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-09-28 | 西北工业大学 | Ducted fan lip inflatable air bag and flow separation control method thereof |
| CN112607002A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Double-rotor ducted aircraft based on annular motor drive and control method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114180032A (en) | 2022-03-15 |
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